2013高考英语讲座我占先机---如何处理好完形与阅读(key point)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2013高考英语讲座我占先机---如何处理好完形与阅读(key point) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 757.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | |||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2013-03-24 22:26:04 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
课件76张PPT。Strageties Of Reading如何处理好完形
和阅读What about your choice?1.Just to do the exercises?
2.To enjoy the passages you are reading？
3.To acquire more knowledge and information from the passages?
4.To make your life more enjoyable and colourful?跳离题海注重实际 To improve the ability not just the marks1、所选文章的语言极其地道而且内容丰富、体裁多样。
2、无论是完型填空，还是阅读理解、任务型阅读，所选内容体现了人文意图。完形填空围绕“中学生参加社区社会实践活动利与弊的争议”展开论述，体现了“读书是学习，实践也是学习，而且是更重要的学习”这一主题，同时说明了一个道理：主动选择可以激励人们产生自由的感觉和责任的意识，作为中学毕业生，必须做出明智的选择。 高考阅读考查的形式：The main idea of the passage
The information in detail
The structure of the passage
The new words in the passageThe strageties of reading 1.通读全文，抓住主题句；
2.化整为零，归纳提炼；
3.由浅入深，由表及里，确定寓意。词义理解的解决方法 根据定义和解释来猜测词义
根据同义、反义、同等、同位、对等关系猜测词义
据因果关系和上下文猜测词义1.The period of adolescence , i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood.
2. Jack is rather thin while his wife was really obese 1.You should cut this paragraph so this essay will be more succinct
2. An observer sitting on a beach can make a clever guess whether the surf pouring out onto the sand before him has been produced by a gale close off-shore or by a distant storm. 推理判断题确理解作者的观点、立场和寓意
观全文、看清文章机构、抓住细节、周密分析、合理推断有的文章表面上看似对某事某人是在赞扬，但字里行间却流露着杀机，可谓是笑里藏刀、绵里藏针；有的作者采用了讽刺、挖苦、反语等修辞手法。对于这种情况读者一定要仔细体会、辨别。作选择时要使你所选答案与作者的立场保持一致。这也是一条原则。 文章主旨题仔细阅读全文，判断发现主题句
对文章进行分析、归纳和概括并得出正确结论
另外，选择“最佳标题”的题目也是属于文章的主旨，但是标题不仅要能完整的概括全文，还要简洁、明了并能吸引读者，这也是我们学生在选择最佳标题时应把握的一条原则。How To Get The Main IdeaPassage B(NMET2003)
Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).
.What is mainly discussed in the text?1
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.2
Often no one looks more guilty than t
he innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi-
-onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to
hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to
try to judge a person only by his appearance So, it is foolish to
try to judge a person only by his appearance 3
If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only ＄79. Two days sale. Hu-
-rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs ＄395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale.
The paragraph could be entitled _________.
A. Buying A TV Set
B. A Selling Method
C. Buyer Beware
D. TV On Sale This sales method is called “bait and switch”.(detail)
(detail)
(detail) 4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. The main idea of this paragraph is that ______. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education.detaildetaildetailTypes Of Paragraph StructuresAt the beginningAt the endIn the middleNo clear topic sentencefor example……so, therefore,…… Passage B(NMET2003)
Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).
The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the children’s department.
Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.
Example and success of the program Passage B(NMET2003)
Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).
The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the children’s department.
Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.
Example and success of the program59. What is mainly discussed in the text?
A. Children’s reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raising dogs.
C. Service in a public library. D. A special reading program.
detailsParagraph ideasPassage idea6
Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.
Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan’s voyage was the first trip around the world . Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
1. time2. ships and
people3. route4. Sufferings
and difficultiesa. Lack of
food and
freshwaterb. Hunger
and diseases c. DeathsThe process of Magellan’s long difficult voyage5. success Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Magellan’s voyaged proved the earth is round. Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goed Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.Paragraph 1:
Magellan’s voyage was the first trip around the world .Paragraph 2:
The process of Magellan’s long difficult voyageParagraph 3:
Magellan’s voyaged proved the earth is round.Magellan’s
voyage6
Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.
Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?
A. Magellan’s death
B. Going Around The World
C. The World Is Round
D. Magellan’s Voyage(too narrow)(too narrow)(too broad)(proper)阅读理解的训练非一蹴而就。因此，考生每天要有一定的阅读量，至少练四篇不同题材、不同体裁的文章，每篇文章的词数为400左右，同时完成四篇阅读训练的时间控制在30至35分钟。 2012届高考英语（新课标）备考方案（针对高三考生） 第二讲北京 蒋英 I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I unders
tand. ------ John Dewey
听而易忘，见而易记，做而易懂。
----约翰 ? 杜威
Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics
subtile (=subtle); natural philosophy deep; moral grave;
logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores.
------Francis Bacon
史鉴使人明智，诗赋使人巧慧，数学使人精细，博物使人
深沉，修行使人端庄，逻辑、修辞使人擅辩，凡有所学，
均受陶冶。 ----弗兰西斯 ? 培根
完形填空和阅读理解的复习方法综述：完形填空和阅读理解均为考查考生在篇章层面上综合
语言的运用能力。完形填空偏于在短文背景下对词法、语法、
惯用法、上下文等基础知识、基本语用、人文背景等的考查。
阅读理解则是全面考查考生的综合语言运用能力，即语言技
能（听、说、读、写），语言知识（语音、词汇、语法、功
能、话题），情感态度（动机兴趣、自信意志、合作精神、
祖国意识、国际视野），学习策略（认知策略、调控策略、
交际策略、资源策略），文化意识（文化知识、文化理解、
跨文化交际意识和能力）。进一步考查考生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重考查考生
用英语思维和表达的能力；进一步拓宽国际视野，增强爱国
主义精神和民族使命感，形成健全的情感、态度、价值观，
为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。
完形填空复习方法近十年来，尤其近五年，完形填空的设计更强调了“突出语
篇，强调应用，注重实际”的原则和理念。符合新课标对语
言测试的交际性和交际能力的考查。因此，考生要学会在掌
握全篇短文思路的基础上去伪从真、去粗取精。复习时，反
复阅读正确的原文是答好这种类型试题的不二选择。要牢记
记复习不等于做题。复习时，以阅读理解正确原文为主，辅
之以探究出题者的思路和手法，要比做模棱两可的试题更有
效，正确印象也更深。复习方法如下：
将完形填空试题分组，每组十题或二十题，先读原文，再读试题,分析出题者的思路，做题时出错的原因。而后做五篇试
题检验，周而复始，练到熟能生巧，水到渠成的地步。下面
看实例（2011全国新课标试题）：
In our discussion with people on how education can help them
succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an
introductory science course about 20 years ago.
The professor marched into the lecture hall, placed upon
his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited
the students to guess how many beans the jar contained. After
listening to shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled
a thin, dry smile, announced the correct answer, and went on saying,” You have just learned an important lesson about
science. That is: Never trust your own senses.”
Twenty years later, the woman could guess what the profess-
or had in mind. He saw himself, perhaps, as inviting his students
to start an exciting voyage into an unknown world invisible（无形
的）to the professor , which can be discovered only through
scientific methods . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not
accept or even hear the invitation. She was just beginning to un-
derstand the world. And she believed that her firsthand experience
could be the truth. The professor, however, said that it was wrong.
He was taking away her only tool for knowing and was providing
her with no substitute. “I remember feeling small and frightened,”
the woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I dropped
the course that afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.
试题：
In our discussion with people on how education can help
them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of
an introductory 36 course about 20 years ago.
The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a
large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited the students
to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of
wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile,
announced the 40 answer, and went on saying,” You have just 41
an important lesson about science. That is: Never 42 your own
senses.”
Twenty years later, the 43 could guess what the professor had
in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start
an exciting 45 into an unknown world invisible（无形的）to the
46 to the professor , which can be discovered only through
scientific 47 . But the seven teen-year-old girl could not accept or
even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world.
And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51. The
professor, however, said that it was 52. He was taking away her
only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I
remember feeling small and 54,” the woman says, “and I did
the only thing I could do. I 55 the course that afternoon, and I
haven’t gone near science since.
简析：该文描述一位十七岁的少女因恐惧老师教授的认识世
界的科学方法而最终放弃学科学的憾事。短文既有对学生的遗憾，又有对老师教学方法需要改进的期待。 该文难度一般，第三段略有难度，须仔细推敲。有个别词汇不是常见的含义，要引起注意。下面具体分析。
36. 答案 C。通读全文，尤其是第二段的倒数第二句可知，
此处介绍的是一次有关科学讲座。
37. 答案D。指教授走进报告厅，把一罐干豆子放在讲桌上。marched into（走进）。38. 答案B。教授请学生们“猜一猜”罐子里盛了多少颗豆子。
39. 答案D。当“听到”学生们七嘴八舌地乱猜一通之后，教
授脸上露出了惨淡的、干瘪的笑容。言外之意是教授痛心
学生们还不会用科学的方法认识世界。40.答案C。
41. 答案A。 42. 答案B。教授所讲的第一堂课就是，学习
科学不可主观臆断 不可只相信自己的感觉。43. 答案D。
44. 答案C。See…as…相当于think as意思是“认为，看作”。
该句的意思是说“他或许自认为在邀请学生们开始步入眼
睛所看不到的令人激动的未知世界的汪洋大海”。
45. 答案A。参见上一题解释。 46. 答案B。解释参见44。
47. 答案D。48. 答案A。根据前后意思，该句中的invitation不
是“邀请”而是“号召、劝导”等含义。这里表示十七岁的女孩不接受，也不听（教授）的劝说。该题略有难度。
49. 答案B。
50. 答案A。年幼的女孩只相信自己的亲历的，不相信没有经
历过的教授的话。 51. 答案D。
52. 答案C。教授以为女孩的想法是错的。
53. 答案B。 教授把女孩认识世界的唯一手段（tool）剥夺
了，有又没有给她提供替代物（substitute），这是最终导
致女孩和科学渐行渐远的原因。
54. 答案C。因为女孩没有了认识世界的工具或手段，所以感
到渺小而心存恐惧。
55. 答案A。根据意思，此处的drop不是“滴落”而是“放弃、
抛离”，相当于abandon or discontinue。表示女孩对科学
心存畏惧而放弃学习了。2012测试卷完形填空
Dash of Hope
"Dash" is a symbol which represents every day we've spent
alive on earth. Therefore, how you spend your "dash" is impor-
tant.
Recently I 36 about a little girl named Hope. After learn-
ing more about her life, I couldn't help but feel it was not by 37 ,
nor happenstance, that she had been named "Hope“. The strong
feeling of sympathy and generosity 38 in her young heart made a
lasting impression on me and countless others. 39 I never had
the opportunity to meet her, I wish I had. It seems as though she
was wise beyond her tender years and very, very special. Hope was a twelve-year-old girl who was 40 a "wish" in early
December 2010 by the "Make-A-Wish" Foundation after being
41 that she had a rare type of bone cancer. However, when she
found out that more than 150 42 in her area were waiting for
their wishes to be granted （实现）, she unselfishly used her
wish to 43 that those children have their wishes granted. She
also asked that it be done 44 January 16, 2011. Unfortunately,
however, the organization informed her that her 45 request
could not be granted as the funds (资金) were simply 46 . They
calculated that they would need to raise more than one 47 dollars
in thirty days in order to grant her wish. 48 , but not discouraged,
she turned her disappointment into an enthusiasm that inspired caring 49 to take up helping grant the wishes of the other chil-
dren, and eventually 50 as well. Newspaper columnists and re-
porters for radio and TV stations 51 the story of this caring young
girl who had 52 the hearts of so many and as word spread, the
community was challenged. Committees were fanned and schools,
corporations and various organizations assisted in 53 money to
help make Hope's dream come true.
Her efforts were not in vain as they continue to help others, not
only 54 , but spiritually and emotionally as well. At the
gathering to celebrate her life, "A Celebration of Hope" on
January 16, 2011 , the 55 was made that they had indeed
received donations totaling more than one million dollars. Her
wish had been granted!
简析：该文由衷地赞颂了一位小女孩舍己为人的高尚情操。虽然身患不治之症，但却乐观地为别人着想，遇到了困难也
不气馁，而是想办法解决问题。正如南丁格尔所说：“It’d
be better to light up the candle than curse the darkness. No one
can give you brightness except yourself. (与其诅咒黑暗，不如
燃起蜡烛。除了你自己，没人能给你光明。) ”。该文有一
定难度，生僻字较多，需仔细推敲。下面具体分析。
36.答案A。根据前后文可知，作者并没有见过这位小女孩。
37. 答案A。 coincidence（巧合）属于八级词汇，that引导的
是一主语从句，意思是人家给她起的Hope这个名字用在这篇
文章中恰到好处，而并非巧合。
38. 答案D。此处的house是动词，意思是“容纳”。 39.答案C。
40. 答案B。下文说的是她把希望让给了别人，选此合适。
41. 答案B。inform（通知，告知） 42. 答案A。其后有提示。
43. 答案B。把给自己的愿望请求（ask）给别人。
44. 答案D。小女孩许愿不能晚于2011年一月十六号。
45. 答案D。noble(高尚的，崇高的)属于八级词汇。
46. 答案C。给的四个词均为形容词，加前缀un-， unbearable
（不能忍耐的）unbelievable（不可相信的） unavailable（不
可得到的） uncomfortable（不舒适的）。
47. 答案C。该文最后一句有提示。
48. 答案A。该句可看成 She should be disappointed but she
didn’t discouraged. She turned her disappointment into ...
49. 答案B。根据下文可知，关心此事的有报纸的专栏作家，
广播电视台的记者等，因而是individuals(个人)。
50. 答案C。此处的hers = her wish。 51.答案D。
52. 答案A。touch the hearts of so many...
53. 答案C。47空前已有提示：to raise more than one million。
54. 答案B。根据前后意思，此处正好和spiritually相对。
55. 答案D。在庆祝她一月十六号生命仍在的大会上宣布了她
的愿望实现了。
阅读理解复习方法复习时阅读材料分组，每组4至5篇（按高考试卷结构），选
材照顾多样性，难易合理搭配；读毕大约用时40分钟左右。
复习时每组要求一篇精读，三篇或四篇泛读。精读的标准为：
1. 能正确理解全文的中心思想，作者的写作意图
2. 会分析文中的难重点句子，会用文中的习语、动词短语、
句型等
3. 对超纲的词汇能大致猜出在文中的含义
4. 对给出的问题要基本答对
泛读的标准为：1. 能大致了解短文的主旨，作者的意图
2. 重要的、影响短文理解的词汇、短语、句型要明白
3. 非问题所涉及的段落、词语等可略读、扫读
4. 答对率达到70%即可
实例举要（2012测试卷）：
A motivational strategy that parents can employ with their kids,
is to frame tasks and responsibilities in the context of what the end
benefit is for them. I call this strategy WIIFM （"What's in it for
me?" ）.
When a teen can combine an understanding of WIIFM with a
sense of passion about achieving a goal, barriers will start to fall a
way．At our teen summer camps, we arrange an event near the
end of the 10-day session that helps campers identify an important
life goal and mentally break through their biggest barrier to
achieving the goal. We pass around 12-by-12-inch pine boards.
We tell campers that this activity is not about breaking a piece of
Wood. It's about how you can get what you want in your life.
It‘s about breaking barriers to grab on to your goals.
They have the power to break through any barrier．It has no-
thing to do with body size or physical condition. The skinniest,
smallest teens will break through the board almost as easily as the
big ones.
We talk to the campers about the reasons they might have had
for not reaching their goals in the past. Maybe they got lazy and decided it wasn't worth the effort. Maybe they failed and let their
fear of failure hold them back. But this exercise is about putting
the past where it belongs. Today is about making new choices.
By this point in the program, we ask them to think of the goal
they‘ve set or themselves and write their goals on the boards.
Then they write the possible obstacles which may hold them back
on the opposite sides. An inch of pine now stands between them
and their dreams.
The facilitators and their teammates gather around. The support
is strong. One by one, they break through the barriers and grab the
ir goals! All around us teens are laughing, crying, hugging, and
holding up the broken pieces of their boards. The confidenceshown on their faces is beautiful.
While arranging such an activity in one's home is almost un-
realistic for parents, the value of helping a teen break through a
personal hairier simply by being there as moral support can not be
overestimated. More help for parents in the form of videos and
articles is available at our website, in our blogs and in a monthly
e-newsletter.
56. The 12-by-12-inch pine boards are used as ______.
A. materials to test one's muscles
B. signs of goals in one's life
C. assessments to show one's progress
D. symbols of barriers in one's life
57. We can learn from the passage that through the event the
campers ______．
A. become hard-working B. get moral support
C. gain confidence D. set right goals
58. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The Power of WIIFM B. What's in It for Me
C. The Importance of Goals D. Motivational Strategies
59. The passage is intended for ______．
A. teens B. parents C. campers D. tutors
简析：该文主要告诉天下的父母们，对自己的孩子要采用激
励的策略来培养他们的自信心，为完成既定的目标锲而不舍。1. General idea of the passage is the power of a motivational stra-
tergy.
2. Important vocabulary, sentence patterns and so on:
★ a motivational strategy, fall away, break through, have nothing
to do with…, hold …back,
★ A motivational strategy that parents can employ with their kids,
is to frame tasks and responsibilities in the context of what the end
benefit is for them．
分析： A motivational strategy is to frame tasks and responsibi-
lities.
Parents can employ a motivational strategy with their kids.
★ While arranging such an activity in one's home is almost un-
realistic for parents, the value of helping a teen break through a
personal hairier simply by being there as moral support can not be
overestimated.
分析：The value can not be overestimated.
e.g. His influence cannot be overestimated.（他的影响估计再
高也不为过。）
I cannot agree more with him.（我非常赞同他的意见。）
You cannot be too careful in handing this matter. （你在处
理这件事时越仔细越好。）
She couldn’t thank him enough for doing his best to teach her.
3. 猜测课标外单词词义：
strategy(策略），context（背景，上下文），passion（激情）
identify（辨别，确认），grab（抓住，攫取），obstacle（
障碍=barrier），facilitator（推动者，促进者），overestimate
（过分估计、评价）
4. 通过短文后所出的试题来判断所考的是主旨、细节、推理
判断、猜测词义、短文结构等，迅速从文章中寻找答案。
以上是对精读短文的处理过程。泛读短文无需这样细腻，只
要读懂、答对百分之七十即可过关，凡错的、未弄明白的可
细读有关的段落，尤其是要总结自己常犯的、屡做屡错的问
题。不断提高自己英语的综合语言运用能力，正如英国爵士
乐大师汉弗莱·列堤顿（Humphrey Lyttelton）所说：
As we journey through life, discarding baggage along the way,
we should keep an iron grip, to the very end, on the capacity for
silliness. It preserves the soul from desiccation.
在人生旅途上，我们沿路丢弃行李，但直到最后一刻，
我们也绝不可丢掉犯傻的能力，它能让灵魂免于干涸。
阅读中常感到困惑的问题：
1.主旨大意
要求考生在理解全文的基础上归纳文章要点，概括中心思
想。根据文章的结构，抓住文章开头的主题句或文章的结论,
最后找出能概括文章主旨的题目和中心思想。常见设问如下：What is the purpose of the text / passage / story?
What is the text / passage / story mainly about?
What can we learn from the story / text / passage?
What is the best title for the passage / text / story?
Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
The purpose of the passage is to show you how to .
A possible title for this passage could be .
What is the main problem being discussed in the passage?
What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?(2011 B篇)
2. 推理判断
在掌握全文的基础上，根据全文或段落所提供的事实，加
之自己的对常识的认识，进行合理的逻辑推测，判断作者的
意图，人物的动机、目的及性格特征，事件发生的前因后果
等。常见设问如下：
The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show .
What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? （2011全课标卷A）
Want can we learn from the last paragraph?
It is implied in the last paragraph that .(2012 测试卷D)
Why did the author bring back home an old milk box? （同2）
Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?
(2011全课标卷C)
From the first two paragraphs we learn that .
According to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in
American cities .
We can conclude from the text that .
How does the author feel about his childhood?
In Paragraph3, the author points out that .
What does the last sentence of the paragraph imply?
In the first paragraph, the underlined sentence “ It shouldn’t.”
suggests that people .
14. In the passage, the writer tries to .
15. Which of the following best described Matt Reck?书面表达复习方法书面表达
全国各地的书面表达试题多以情景作文为主，且
是有条件或背景的指导性作文，他要求考生严格按
照所给的条件或背景展开思路，词数限制在100至
150个以内（多数省份要求不超过120个词）。历年
的考试说明对作文的评分标准都有明确的规定，主
要考查考生的思维能力，交际能力和综合语言运用
能力。试题形式有图画、图表、提纲、图标加提纲
等。体裁有记叙、议论、夹叙夹议、说明以及应用
文中的书信、日记、通知、演讲、板报等。
写作训练方法：
仔细审题，整体布局，确定时态、人称、时间、地
点、写作顺序（若有要求，按要求顺序）；可围绕
提示适当发挥，恰当使用转折词、连词等，以使文
章字顺文通。熟练掌握五种基本句型，在必要时可
扩展成较复杂的句型或从句，少量运用八级词汇，
使文章更具深度和可读性。平时多积累一些惯用句
型、成语、习语、名言警句以备使用。更要注意书
法工整，标点符号清晰正确。写作训练最好结成对
子，先说后写，交换修改，相互帮助。（参见2011）
实例：
以教材为基础，灵活借用教材中有用的词组、短语、
句套子。
例如，北京海淀07.1期末试题：
In your English class, the teacher shows you the
following picture and ask the class to discuss it. Your
classmates have different understandings. Look at the
picture carefully and tell your classmates how your
understand it.
There is no honey here, Sir. I think the picture suggests that our resources are
limited. Honey is to bees what resources are to human
beings. As is shown in the picture, the bees find no
honey in the flowers because of their overcollectings to
the limited honey.
As with bees, we human beings always take it for
granted that our resources can not be used up. As a
result, our resources have been decreasing sharply on the
earth. The picture warns people of that. Shouldn't we
make sense of this serious situation?
(来自一位学生的答卷)
1) A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man.
( from 2A U3 P21)
2) As with hiking, you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes. ( from 1A U3 P18 )
3)…but we would do well to keep in mind that many inventions
that now we take for granted were greeted with doubt.
(from 2B U18 p135)
4) And perhaps most puzzling of all, how were we able to make
sense of what we heard and distinguish the mistakes and errors
from “good” language?
(from B3 U8 P66)
作者思路清晰，使用了教材的多种句式，转折连接
恰到好处，结论和首句论点先后呼应。其思路是：
自然界的资源是有限的，并根据图中的漫画展开思
路，通过比喻论证，得出结论。
运用五种基本句型，扩展、提高(举2011高考作文)
1）I’m a Chinese student.
2）I’m studying English courses in your school.
3）I have some difficulties in learning.
4）For example, I can’t take notes in English.
I can hardly listen what our teacher says in classes.
I think our courses are too hard to understand. I can’t
dare to ask questions to my teachers….
5）I have free time on every Tuesday morning
and Friday afternoon.
6）I’m eager to see you and tell you my questions.
7）My email address and phone number are
lihua @ 126. com and phone 12345678.
8）I look forward to / wish your reply.
表对比、对照的:
Despite being very long, there isn’t a dull moment.
I’m recommend the film for everyone, although
some scenes are quite violent.
表增加观点的：
Their family life is very realistic. The hunting
scenes are also very convincing.
The scenery is beautiful. Moreover, the background
music is perfect.
表结论的:
All things considered, this is a real masterpiece.
系统整理复习以来的问题1. 是听的能力问题，还是判断的能力问题。
2. 语法是知识问题，还是语境、语感问题。
3. 词汇是记忆问题，还是功能、惯用问题。
4. 完形是篇章理解问题，还是辩异分析能力问
题。
5. 阅读是视野问题，还是提炼、归纳、分析等问
题。
6. 改错是语篇效验能力问题，还是基 本知识问
题。
7. 写作是思路问题，还是驾御语言能力问题。
更多模板下载： http://www.wps.cn/moban/
关注官方微博：
新浪：http://t.sina.com.cn/iwps/
腾讯：http://t.qq.com/kingsoftwps/
模板分享平台：http://www.wps.cn/index.php?mod=zhuanti&act=2010share
商务合作邮箱：template@kingsoft.com WWW.WPS.CN
和阅读What about your choice?1.Just to do the exercises?
2.To enjoy the passages you are reading？
3.To acquire more knowledge and information from the passages?
4.To make your life more enjoyable and colourful?跳离题海注重实际 To improve the ability not just the marks1、所选文章的语言极其地道而且内容丰富、体裁多样。
2、无论是完型填空，还是阅读理解、任务型阅读，所选内容体现了人文意图。完形填空围绕“中学生参加社区社会实践活动利与弊的争议”展开论述，体现了“读书是学习，实践也是学习，而且是更重要的学习”这一主题，同时说明了一个道理：主动选择可以激励人们产生自由的感觉和责任的意识，作为中学毕业生，必须做出明智的选择。 高考阅读考查的形式：The main idea of the passage
The information in detail
The structure of the passage
The new words in the passageThe strageties of reading 1.通读全文，抓住主题句；
2.化整为零，归纳提炼；
3.由浅入深，由表及里，确定寓意。词义理解的解决方法 根据定义和解释来猜测词义
根据同义、反义、同等、同位、对等关系猜测词义
据因果关系和上下文猜测词义1.The period of adolescence , i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood.
2. Jack is rather thin while his wife was really obese 1.You should cut this paragraph so this essay will be more succinct
2. An observer sitting on a beach can make a clever guess whether the surf pouring out onto the sand before him has been produced by a gale close off-shore or by a distant storm. 推理判断题确理解作者的观点、立场和寓意
观全文、看清文章机构、抓住细节、周密分析、合理推断有的文章表面上看似对某事某人是在赞扬，但字里行间却流露着杀机，可谓是笑里藏刀、绵里藏针；有的作者采用了讽刺、挖苦、反语等修辞手法。对于这种情况读者一定要仔细体会、辨别。作选择时要使你所选答案与作者的立场保持一致。这也是一条原则。 文章主旨题仔细阅读全文，判断发现主题句
对文章进行分析、归纳和概括并得出正确结论
另外，选择“最佳标题”的题目也是属于文章的主旨，但是标题不仅要能完整的概括全文，还要简洁、明了并能吸引读者，这也是我们学生在选择最佳标题时应把握的一条原则。How To Get The Main IdeaPassage B(NMET2003)
Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).
.What is mainly discussed in the text?1
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.2
Often no one looks more guilty than t
he innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi-
-onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to
hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to
try to judge a person only by his appearance So, it is foolish to
try to judge a person only by his appearance 3
If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only ＄79. Two days sale. Hu-
-rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs ＄395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale.
The paragraph could be entitled _________.
A. Buying A TV Set
B. A Selling Method
C. Buyer Beware
D. TV On Sale This sales method is called “bait and switch”.(detail)
(detail)
(detail) 4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. The main idea of this paragraph is that ______. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education.detaildetaildetailTypes Of Paragraph StructuresAt the beginningAt the endIn the middleNo clear topic sentencefor example……so, therefore,…… Passage B(NMET2003)
Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).
The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the children’s department.
Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.
Example and success of the program Passage B(NMET2003)
Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).
The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the children’s department.
Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.
Example and success of the program59. What is mainly discussed in the text?
A. Children’s reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raising dogs.
C. Service in a public library. D. A special reading program.
detailsParagraph ideasPassage idea6
Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.
Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan’s voyage was the first trip around the world . Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
1. time2. ships and
people3. route4. Sufferings
and difficultiesa. Lack of
food and
freshwaterb. Hunger
and diseases c. DeathsThe process of Magellan’s long difficult voyage5. success Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Magellan’s voyaged proved the earth is round. Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goed Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.Paragraph 1:
Magellan’s voyage was the first trip around the world .Paragraph 2:
The process of Magellan’s long difficult voyageParagraph 3:
Magellan’s voyaged proved the earth is round.Magellan’s
voyage6
Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.
Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.
Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?
A. Magellan’s death
B. Going Around The World
C. The World Is Round
D. Magellan’s Voyage(too narrow)(too narrow)(too broad)(proper)阅读理解的训练非一蹴而就。因此，考生每天要有一定的阅读量，至少练四篇不同题材、不同体裁的文章，每篇文章的词数为400左右，同时完成四篇阅读训练的时间控制在30至35分钟。 2012届高考英语（新课标）备考方案（针对高三考生） 第二讲北京 蒋英 I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I unders
tand. ------ John Dewey
听而易忘，见而易记，做而易懂。
----约翰 ? 杜威
Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics
subtile (=subtle); natural philosophy deep; moral grave;
logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores.
------Francis Bacon
史鉴使人明智，诗赋使人巧慧，数学使人精细，博物使人
深沉，修行使人端庄，逻辑、修辞使人擅辩，凡有所学，
均受陶冶。 ----弗兰西斯 ? 培根
完形填空和阅读理解的复习方法综述：完形填空和阅读理解均为考查考生在篇章层面上综合
语言的运用能力。完形填空偏于在短文背景下对词法、语法、
惯用法、上下文等基础知识、基本语用、人文背景等的考查。
阅读理解则是全面考查考生的综合语言运用能力，即语言技
能（听、说、读、写），语言知识（语音、词汇、语法、功
能、话题），情感态度（动机兴趣、自信意志、合作精神、
祖国意识、国际视野），学习策略（认知策略、调控策略、
交际策略、资源策略），文化意识（文化知识、文化理解、
跨文化交际意识和能力）。进一步考查考生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重考查考生
用英语思维和表达的能力；进一步拓宽国际视野，增强爱国
主义精神和民族使命感，形成健全的情感、态度、价值观，
为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。
完形填空复习方法近十年来，尤其近五年，完形填空的设计更强调了“突出语
篇，强调应用，注重实际”的原则和理念。符合新课标对语
言测试的交际性和交际能力的考查。因此，考生要学会在掌
握全篇短文思路的基础上去伪从真、去粗取精。复习时，反
复阅读正确的原文是答好这种类型试题的不二选择。要牢记
记复习不等于做题。复习时，以阅读理解正确原文为主，辅
之以探究出题者的思路和手法，要比做模棱两可的试题更有
效，正确印象也更深。复习方法如下：
将完形填空试题分组，每组十题或二十题，先读原文，再读试题,分析出题者的思路，做题时出错的原因。而后做五篇试
题检验，周而复始，练到熟能生巧，水到渠成的地步。下面
看实例（2011全国新课标试题）：
In our discussion with people on how education can help them
succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an
introductory science course about 20 years ago.
The professor marched into the lecture hall, placed upon
his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited
the students to guess how many beans the jar contained. After
listening to shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled
a thin, dry smile, announced the correct answer, and went on saying,” You have just learned an important lesson about
science. That is: Never trust your own senses.”
Twenty years later, the woman could guess what the profess-
or had in mind. He saw himself, perhaps, as inviting his students
to start an exciting voyage into an unknown world invisible（无形
的）to the professor , which can be discovered only through
scientific methods . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not
accept or even hear the invitation. She was just beginning to un-
derstand the world. And she believed that her firsthand experience
could be the truth. The professor, however, said that it was wrong.
He was taking away her only tool for knowing and was providing
her with no substitute. “I remember feeling small and frightened,”
the woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I dropped
the course that afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.
试题：
In our discussion with people on how education can help
them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of
an introductory 36 course about 20 years ago.
The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a
large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited the students
to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of
wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile,
announced the 40 answer, and went on saying,” You have just 41
an important lesson about science. That is: Never 42 your own
senses.”
Twenty years later, the 43 could guess what the professor had
in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start
an exciting 45 into an unknown world invisible（无形的）to the
46 to the professor , which can be discovered only through
scientific 47 . But the seven teen-year-old girl could not accept or
even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world.
And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51. The
professor, however, said that it was 52. He was taking away her
only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I
remember feeling small and 54,” the woman says, “and I did
the only thing I could do. I 55 the course that afternoon, and I
haven’t gone near science since.
简析：该文描述一位十七岁的少女因恐惧老师教授的认识世
界的科学方法而最终放弃学科学的憾事。短文既有对学生的遗憾，又有对老师教学方法需要改进的期待。 该文难度一般，第三段略有难度，须仔细推敲。有个别词汇不是常见的含义，要引起注意。下面具体分析。
36. 答案 C。通读全文，尤其是第二段的倒数第二句可知，
此处介绍的是一次有关科学讲座。
37. 答案D。指教授走进报告厅，把一罐干豆子放在讲桌上。marched into（走进）。38. 答案B。教授请学生们“猜一猜”罐子里盛了多少颗豆子。
39. 答案D。当“听到”学生们七嘴八舌地乱猜一通之后，教
授脸上露出了惨淡的、干瘪的笑容。言外之意是教授痛心
学生们还不会用科学的方法认识世界。40.答案C。
41. 答案A。 42. 答案B。教授所讲的第一堂课就是，学习
科学不可主观臆断 不可只相信自己的感觉。43. 答案D。
44. 答案C。See…as…相当于think as意思是“认为，看作”。
该句的意思是说“他或许自认为在邀请学生们开始步入眼
睛所看不到的令人激动的未知世界的汪洋大海”。
45. 答案A。参见上一题解释。 46. 答案B。解释参见44。
47. 答案D。48. 答案A。根据前后意思，该句中的invitation不
是“邀请”而是“号召、劝导”等含义。这里表示十七岁的女孩不接受，也不听（教授）的劝说。该题略有难度。
49. 答案B。
50. 答案A。年幼的女孩只相信自己的亲历的，不相信没有经
历过的教授的话。 51. 答案D。
52. 答案C。教授以为女孩的想法是错的。
53. 答案B。 教授把女孩认识世界的唯一手段（tool）剥夺
了，有又没有给她提供替代物（substitute），这是最终导
致女孩和科学渐行渐远的原因。
54. 答案C。因为女孩没有了认识世界的工具或手段，所以感
到渺小而心存恐惧。
55. 答案A。根据意思，此处的drop不是“滴落”而是“放弃、
抛离”，相当于abandon or discontinue。表示女孩对科学
心存畏惧而放弃学习了。2012测试卷完形填空
Dash of Hope
"Dash" is a symbol which represents every day we've spent
alive on earth. Therefore, how you spend your "dash" is impor-
tant.
Recently I 36 about a little girl named Hope. After learn-
ing more about her life, I couldn't help but feel it was not by 37 ,
nor happenstance, that she had been named "Hope“. The strong
feeling of sympathy and generosity 38 in her young heart made a
lasting impression on me and countless others. 39 I never had
the opportunity to meet her, I wish I had. It seems as though she
was wise beyond her tender years and very, very special. Hope was a twelve-year-old girl who was 40 a "wish" in early
December 2010 by the "Make-A-Wish" Foundation after being
41 that she had a rare type of bone cancer. However, when she
found out that more than 150 42 in her area were waiting for
their wishes to be granted （实现）, she unselfishly used her
wish to 43 that those children have their wishes granted. She
also asked that it be done 44 January 16, 2011. Unfortunately,
however, the organization informed her that her 45 request
could not be granted as the funds (资金) were simply 46 . They
calculated that they would need to raise more than one 47 dollars
in thirty days in order to grant her wish. 48 , but not discouraged,
she turned her disappointment into an enthusiasm that inspired caring 49 to take up helping grant the wishes of the other chil-
dren, and eventually 50 as well. Newspaper columnists and re-
porters for radio and TV stations 51 the story of this caring young
girl who had 52 the hearts of so many and as word spread, the
community was challenged. Committees were fanned and schools,
corporations and various organizations assisted in 53 money to
help make Hope's dream come true.
Her efforts were not in vain as they continue to help others, not
only 54 , but spiritually and emotionally as well. At the
gathering to celebrate her life, "A Celebration of Hope" on
January 16, 2011 , the 55 was made that they had indeed
received donations totaling more than one million dollars. Her
wish had been granted!
简析：该文由衷地赞颂了一位小女孩舍己为人的高尚情操。虽然身患不治之症，但却乐观地为别人着想，遇到了困难也
不气馁，而是想办法解决问题。正如南丁格尔所说：“It’d
be better to light up the candle than curse the darkness. No one
can give you brightness except yourself. (与其诅咒黑暗，不如
燃起蜡烛。除了你自己，没人能给你光明。) ”。该文有一
定难度，生僻字较多，需仔细推敲。下面具体分析。
36.答案A。根据前后文可知，作者并没有见过这位小女孩。
37. 答案A。 coincidence（巧合）属于八级词汇，that引导的
是一主语从句，意思是人家给她起的Hope这个名字用在这篇
文章中恰到好处，而并非巧合。
38. 答案D。此处的house是动词，意思是“容纳”。 39.答案C。
40. 答案B。下文说的是她把希望让给了别人，选此合适。
41. 答案B。inform（通知，告知） 42. 答案A。其后有提示。
43. 答案B。把给自己的愿望请求（ask）给别人。
44. 答案D。小女孩许愿不能晚于2011年一月十六号。
45. 答案D。noble(高尚的，崇高的)属于八级词汇。
46. 答案C。给的四个词均为形容词，加前缀un-， unbearable
（不能忍耐的）unbelievable（不可相信的） unavailable（不
可得到的） uncomfortable（不舒适的）。
47. 答案C。该文最后一句有提示。
48. 答案A。该句可看成 She should be disappointed but she
didn’t discouraged. She turned her disappointment into ...
49. 答案B。根据下文可知，关心此事的有报纸的专栏作家，
广播电视台的记者等，因而是individuals(个人)。
50. 答案C。此处的hers = her wish。 51.答案D。
52. 答案A。touch the hearts of so many...
53. 答案C。47空前已有提示：to raise more than one million。
54. 答案B。根据前后意思，此处正好和spiritually相对。
55. 答案D。在庆祝她一月十六号生命仍在的大会上宣布了她
的愿望实现了。
阅读理解复习方法复习时阅读材料分组，每组4至5篇（按高考试卷结构），选
材照顾多样性，难易合理搭配；读毕大约用时40分钟左右。
复习时每组要求一篇精读，三篇或四篇泛读。精读的标准为：
1. 能正确理解全文的中心思想，作者的写作意图
2. 会分析文中的难重点句子，会用文中的习语、动词短语、
句型等
3. 对超纲的词汇能大致猜出在文中的含义
4. 对给出的问题要基本答对
泛读的标准为：1. 能大致了解短文的主旨，作者的意图
2. 重要的、影响短文理解的词汇、短语、句型要明白
3. 非问题所涉及的段落、词语等可略读、扫读
4. 答对率达到70%即可
实例举要（2012测试卷）：
A motivational strategy that parents can employ with their kids,
is to frame tasks and responsibilities in the context of what the end
benefit is for them. I call this strategy WIIFM （"What's in it for
me?" ）.
When a teen can combine an understanding of WIIFM with a
sense of passion about achieving a goal, barriers will start to fall a
way．At our teen summer camps, we arrange an event near the
end of the 10-day session that helps campers identify an important
life goal and mentally break through their biggest barrier to
achieving the goal. We pass around 12-by-12-inch pine boards.
We tell campers that this activity is not about breaking a piece of
Wood. It's about how you can get what you want in your life.
It‘s about breaking barriers to grab on to your goals.
They have the power to break through any barrier．It has no-
thing to do with body size or physical condition. The skinniest,
smallest teens will break through the board almost as easily as the
big ones.
We talk to the campers about the reasons they might have had
for not reaching their goals in the past. Maybe they got lazy and decided it wasn't worth the effort. Maybe they failed and let their
fear of failure hold them back. But this exercise is about putting
the past where it belongs. Today is about making new choices.
By this point in the program, we ask them to think of the goal
they‘ve set or themselves and write their goals on the boards.
Then they write the possible obstacles which may hold them back
on the opposite sides. An inch of pine now stands between them
and their dreams.
The facilitators and their teammates gather around. The support
is strong. One by one, they break through the barriers and grab the
ir goals! All around us teens are laughing, crying, hugging, and
holding up the broken pieces of their boards. The confidenceshown on their faces is beautiful.
While arranging such an activity in one's home is almost un-
realistic for parents, the value of helping a teen break through a
personal hairier simply by being there as moral support can not be
overestimated. More help for parents in the form of videos and
articles is available at our website, in our blogs and in a monthly
e-newsletter.
56. The 12-by-12-inch pine boards are used as ______.
A. materials to test one's muscles
B. signs of goals in one's life
C. assessments to show one's progress
D. symbols of barriers in one's life
57. We can learn from the passage that through the event the
campers ______．
A. become hard-working B. get moral support
C. gain confidence D. set right goals
58. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The Power of WIIFM B. What's in It for Me
C. The Importance of Goals D. Motivational Strategies
59. The passage is intended for ______．
A. teens B. parents C. campers D. tutors
简析：该文主要告诉天下的父母们，对自己的孩子要采用激
励的策略来培养他们的自信心，为完成既定的目标锲而不舍。1. General idea of the passage is the power of a motivational stra-
tergy.
2. Important vocabulary, sentence patterns and so on:
★ a motivational strategy, fall away, break through, have nothing
to do with…, hold …back,
★ A motivational strategy that parents can employ with their kids,
is to frame tasks and responsibilities in the context of what the end
benefit is for them．
分析： A motivational strategy is to frame tasks and responsibi-
lities.
Parents can employ a motivational strategy with their kids.
★ While arranging such an activity in one's home is almost un-
realistic for parents, the value of helping a teen break through a
personal hairier simply by being there as moral support can not be
overestimated.
分析：The value can not be overestimated.
e.g. His influence cannot be overestimated.（他的影响估计再
高也不为过。）
I cannot agree more with him.（我非常赞同他的意见。）
You cannot be too careful in handing this matter. （你在处
理这件事时越仔细越好。）
She couldn’t thank him enough for doing his best to teach her.
3. 猜测课标外单词词义：
strategy(策略），context（背景，上下文），passion（激情）
identify（辨别，确认），grab（抓住，攫取），obstacle（
障碍=barrier），facilitator（推动者，促进者），overestimate
（过分估计、评价）
4. 通过短文后所出的试题来判断所考的是主旨、细节、推理
判断、猜测词义、短文结构等，迅速从文章中寻找答案。
以上是对精读短文的处理过程。泛读短文无需这样细腻，只
要读懂、答对百分之七十即可过关，凡错的、未弄明白的可
细读有关的段落，尤其是要总结自己常犯的、屡做屡错的问
题。不断提高自己英语的综合语言运用能力，正如英国爵士
乐大师汉弗莱·列堤顿（Humphrey Lyttelton）所说：
As we journey through life, discarding baggage along the way,
we should keep an iron grip, to the very end, on the capacity for
silliness. It preserves the soul from desiccation.
在人生旅途上，我们沿路丢弃行李，但直到最后一刻，
我们也绝不可丢掉犯傻的能力，它能让灵魂免于干涸。
阅读中常感到困惑的问题：
1.主旨大意
要求考生在理解全文的基础上归纳文章要点，概括中心思
想。根据文章的结构，抓住文章开头的主题句或文章的结论,
最后找出能概括文章主旨的题目和中心思想。常见设问如下：What is the purpose of the text / passage / story?
What is the text / passage / story mainly about?
What can we learn from the story / text / passage?
What is the best title for the passage / text / story?
Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
The purpose of the passage is to show you how to .
A possible title for this passage could be .
What is the main problem being discussed in the passage?
What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?(2011 B篇)
2. 推理判断
在掌握全文的基础上，根据全文或段落所提供的事实，加
之自己的对常识的认识，进行合理的逻辑推测，判断作者的
意图，人物的动机、目的及性格特征，事件发生的前因后果
等。常见设问如下：
The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show .
What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? （2011全课标卷A）
Want can we learn from the last paragraph?
It is implied in the last paragraph that .(2012 测试卷D)
Why did the author bring back home an old milk box? （同2）
Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?
(2011全课标卷C)
From the first two paragraphs we learn that .
According to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in
American cities .
We can conclude from the text that .
How does the author feel about his childhood?
In Paragraph3, the author points out that .
What does the last sentence of the paragraph imply?
In the first paragraph, the underlined sentence “ It shouldn’t.”
suggests that people .
14. In the passage, the writer tries to .
15. Which of the following best described Matt Reck?书面表达复习方法书面表达
全国各地的书面表达试题多以情景作文为主，且
是有条件或背景的指导性作文，他要求考生严格按
照所给的条件或背景展开思路，词数限制在100至
150个以内（多数省份要求不超过120个词）。历年
的考试说明对作文的评分标准都有明确的规定，主
要考查考生的思维能力，交际能力和综合语言运用
能力。试题形式有图画、图表、提纲、图标加提纲
等。体裁有记叙、议论、夹叙夹议、说明以及应用
文中的书信、日记、通知、演讲、板报等。
写作训练方法：
仔细审题，整体布局，确定时态、人称、时间、地
点、写作顺序（若有要求，按要求顺序）；可围绕
提示适当发挥，恰当使用转折词、连词等，以使文
章字顺文通。熟练掌握五种基本句型，在必要时可
扩展成较复杂的句型或从句，少量运用八级词汇，
使文章更具深度和可读性。平时多积累一些惯用句
型、成语、习语、名言警句以备使用。更要注意书
法工整，标点符号清晰正确。写作训练最好结成对
子，先说后写，交换修改，相互帮助。（参见2011）
实例：
以教材为基础，灵活借用教材中有用的词组、短语、
句套子。
例如，北京海淀07.1期末试题：
In your English class, the teacher shows you the
following picture and ask the class to discuss it. Your
classmates have different understandings. Look at the
picture carefully and tell your classmates how your
understand it.
There is no honey here, Sir. I think the picture suggests that our resources are
limited. Honey is to bees what resources are to human
beings. As is shown in the picture, the bees find no
honey in the flowers because of their overcollectings to
the limited honey.
As with bees, we human beings always take it for
granted that our resources can not be used up. As a
result, our resources have been decreasing sharply on the
earth. The picture warns people of that. Shouldn't we
make sense of this serious situation?
(来自一位学生的答卷)
1) A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man.
( from 2A U3 P21)
2) As with hiking, you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes. ( from 1A U3 P18 )
3)…but we would do well to keep in mind that many inventions
that now we take for granted were greeted with doubt.
(from 2B U18 p135)
4) And perhaps most puzzling of all, how were we able to make
sense of what we heard and distinguish the mistakes and errors
from “good” language?
(from B3 U8 P66)
作者思路清晰，使用了教材的多种句式，转折连接
恰到好处，结论和首句论点先后呼应。其思路是：
自然界的资源是有限的，并根据图中的漫画展开思
路，通过比喻论证，得出结论。
运用五种基本句型，扩展、提高(举2011高考作文)
1）I’m a Chinese student.
2）I’m studying English courses in your school.
3）I have some difficulties in learning.
4）For example, I can’t take notes in English.
I can hardly listen what our teacher says in classes.
I think our courses are too hard to understand. I can’t
dare to ask questions to my teachers….
5）I have free time on every Tuesday morning
and Friday afternoon.
6）I’m eager to see you and tell you my questions.
7）My email address and phone number are
lihua @ 126. com and phone 12345678.
8）I look forward to / wish your reply.
表对比、对照的:
Despite being very long, there isn’t a dull moment.
I’m recommend the film for everyone, although
some scenes are quite violent.
表增加观点的：
Their family life is very realistic. The hunting
scenes are also very convincing.
The scenery is beautiful. Moreover, the background
music is perfect.
表结论的:
All things considered, this is a real masterpiece.
系统整理复习以来的问题1. 是听的能力问题，还是判断的能力问题。
2. 语法是知识问题，还是语境、语感问题。
3. 词汇是记忆问题，还是功能、惯用问题。
4. 完形是篇章理解问题，还是辩异分析能力问
题。
5. 阅读是视野问题，还是提炼、归纳、分析等问
题。
6. 改错是语篇效验能力问题，还是基 本知识问
题。
7. 写作是思路问题，还是驾御语言能力问题。
更多模板下载： http://www.wps.cn/moban/
关注官方微博：
新浪：http://t.sina.com.cn/iwps/
腾讯：http://t.qq.com/kingsoftwps/
模板分享平台：http://www.wps.cn/index.php?mod=zhuanti&act=2010share
商务合作邮箱：template@kingsoft.com WWW.WPS.CN