2022届高考英语二轮专题：健康课件（32张）

(共32张PPT)
话题2：健康
Learning Objectives:
1. 理解文章意思，了解语法填空的命题规律，并总结解题策略。
2. 能够对应用文写作中的演讲稿进行谋篇布局以及能够正确运用健康话题的相关语言进行写作。
(2018年全国I卷)
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 9 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try.
Step 1 Practice语法填空
(2018年全国I卷)
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 1 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 2 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 4 (be) more effective at lengthening life 5 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7 (cause).
Step 1 Practice语法填空
longer
causes
which/that
dying
than
is
to see
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise .… it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 8 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 9 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 10 a try.
strengthen
it/running
energetic
word bank
evidence n.根据；证明；证据
medical journal n.医学期刊
benefit n.好处，益处
overweight adj.超重的,太胖的
regularly adv.有规律地
effective adj.有效的
lengthen v.延长，加长
strengthen v.加强
publish v.出版
avoid v.避免
be time poor 缺少时间
give it a try 试一试
语篇类型：说明文
语篇话题：文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处，可以帮助人们延年益寿。
语篇研读
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
考点 副词（比较级） 非谓语动词（不定式） 非谓语动词（动名词） 谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致） 介词 连词（定语从句关系代词） 名词 词性转换（名词-动词） 词性转换（名词-形容词） 代词
形式 提示词（7个） 纯空格词（3个）
考点 动词（变态、变形） 词性转换（变性） 名词和副词 （变形） 代词 连词 介词
谓语动词(时态、语态、主谓一致) 非谓语动词(现在分词，不定式) 名词-动词；名词-形容词 1.名词复数 2.副词比较级 代词 定语从句关系代词 介词
题号 4.is 2.to see； 3.dying 8.strengthen 9.energetic 1.longer 7.causes 10.it 6.which/ that 5.than
2018年全国I卷语法填空命题特点
(2017年全国I卷）
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.
(2017年全国I卷）
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
as
to process
effects
are removed
a
Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.
careful
eating
is
worse
which
word bank
recent trend 近期趋势
the food service industry 食品行业
the medical community 医学界
unintended adj.无意的；非计划的
side effects 副作用
require v.需要
recover from 从……康复
bodily functions 身体机能
go up 增长，上升
urge n.欲望，冲动
go to extremes 走极端
语篇类型：说明文
语篇话题：本文介绍了低脂低盐食品对健康可能会造成的负面影响,并对影响的成因进行了分析。文章认为脂肪和盐的摄入量要足,并非越少越好。
语篇研读
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
考点 介词 名词 非谓语动词（不定式） 谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致） 冠词 副词 谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致） 非谓语动词（不定式） 词性转换（名词-形容词） 连词（定语从句关系代词）
形式 提示词（7个） 纯空格词（3个）
考点 动词（变态、变形） 词性转换（变性） 名词副词 （变形） 冠词 连词 介词
谓语动词(时态、语态、主谓一致) 非谓语动词(现在分词，不定式) 名词-形容词 1.名词复数 2.副词比较级 固定搭配 定语从句关系代词 介词
题号 4.are removed 7.is 3. to process 8.eating 9.careful 2.effects 6.worse 5. a 10.which 1. as
2017年全国I卷语法填空命题特点
解题策略
1.理解文章大意（填上有把握的词） ；
2.对于还未填的词，先观察所填词的位置，分析做什么成分，再确定填什么词；
3. 再读全文，检验答案。
(1)如果是纯空格题，只填1个词，即：
1)冠词(a, an, the)：泛、特指，固定短语的冠词(as a result)。
2)介词(in, of, for, as“作为”, )：固定搭配（in the Tang dynasty, more than, be associated with, on earth, search for, go back to, focus on, by car, etc.）
3)连词：并列连词(and, but, or, so)、关系词(which, that, where)、连接词(what, that)。
4)代词(it, mine, its, our, themselves)
(2)如果题目有提示词（名词、动词、形容词）。考虑词汇三变（变形、变性、变态）。
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Grow Up Healthy为题，写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.简述现状；
2.提出建议；
3.发起倡议。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Step 2 Practice 演讲稿
Read and interpret
审题定调
定体裁
定人称
定时态
提纲类应用文（发言稿）
第一人称为主
一般现在时
Make an outline
谋篇布局
要点 控制性信息 拓展性信息
开头
主体
结尾
简述现状
提出建议
发起倡议
行动起来，劳逸结合……
锻炼，均衡饮食，放松自我……
肥胖，缺乏锻炼，失眠，压力大 ……
第一段--第一段--开门见山，简述现状
①我很荣幸在这个特别的时刻来到这里谈谈……。
I am honored to be here on such a special occasion to talk about ….
②我很荣幸今天有机会就“健康成长”这一话题和大家进行交流。
I am honored to have a chance to speak to you today on “Grow Up Healthy”.
Wording and phrasing
遣词造句
第二段--主体段落展开，提出建议。
③强烈建议……
It is highly advisable that...
④如果……就更好了。
It would be better if you could...
⑤是该做……的时候了。
It is high time that...
⑥我坚信，我们只有劳逸结合，方可身心健康成长。
I am firmly convinced that only when we strike a proper balance between work and rest /leisure can we grow up both mentally and physically healthy.
第三段--言简意赅，发起倡议。
⑦让我们从这一刻开始行动，健康成长。
Let’s take action from this very moment to grow up healthy and sound.
⑧无法用言语来表达身心健康该何等重要，健康往往比财富更值钱。
Words can’t express how important to have sound mind and body. Health, as is often the case, is more than wealth.
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Grow Up Healthy为题，写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.简述现状；
2.提出建议；
3.发起倡议。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
连接词：to begin with, besides, in addition, what’s more, furthermore, moreover, all in all
连句成篇
One possible version:
I am honored to have a chance to speak to you today on “Grow Up Healthy”.
As to the current situation of this issue, an increasing number of students are suffering from obesity, pressure or sleeplessness owing to pressure and various burdens either from work or from daily life. Some even suffer from more serious diseases. So it is highly advisable that we should choose a healthy way to relax and better ourselves and every individual counts .
It is high time that we started from now on and had at least an hour of exercise every day. I sincerely hope that every one of us will take even a minute to exercise every now and then and I am firmly convinced that only when we strike a proper balance between work and leisure can we grow up both mentally and physically healthy.
Thank You!
Homework (Keys)
(2021年1月浙江卷 语法填空）
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。
1.考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
2.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
3．考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s。
4．考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。
5．考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。
6．考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。
8．考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
10．考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。
(2018年浙江卷 语法填空)
【解析】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。
1. dishes 【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
2. who/that 【解析】考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。
3. it 【解析】考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，用it 是形式主语。故填it。
4.visiting 【解析】考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。
5 was shocked【解析】考查形容词。此处表示我感到很震惊。shock的主语是I,用形容词和系动词组成系表结构，表示过去发生的事，系动词用过去式。故填was shocked。
6. have become【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。
7. affordable 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”故填affordable。
8. higher 【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。
9. weight 【解析】考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。
10. for 【解析】考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示目的用介词for，故填for。
One possible version:
Dear Amy，
I’m sorry to hear that you are upset because you have put on weight. Here are some tips to help you.
First of all, don’t worry too much about your weight. Nothing is more important than health. To keep fit, you’d better have a balanced diet, which contains various foods, such as grain, meat, vegetables, fruit and milk. The healthy foods provide enough energy for your body to function well. Moreover, it’s of great importance to take regular exercise and have adequate sleep. Sports like riding and walking are beneficial to your health, which can help keep you in shape. As we all know, enough sleep makes your body relaxed at night. There is no need to worry about weight gain and weight loss. Instead, you should focus your attention on your lessons.
I do hope you will find these suggestions helpful. Looking forward to your improvement soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
Thank You!