(共34张PPT)
单词精讲
Unit 5
1. apologise (=apologize) vi. 道歉; 谢罪
(1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉; 辩白
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
owe someone an apology 欠某人一个道歉
*In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness.
*However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized.
Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing ___ your mistake.
The waitress apologized to me for making a mistake.
→The waitress ____________________for making a mistake.
I _________________. You must have found my attitude very annoying.
我欠你一个道歉。你一定觉得我的态度很恶劣吧。
made an apology to me
for
owe you an apology
【即学活用】
(1)I _________________. You must have found my attitude very annoying.
(2)Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing ___your mistake.
→The waitress ____________________for making a
mistake.
owe you an apology
for
made an apology to me
2. judge vt. &vi. 评价; 评判 n. 法官; 审判员; 裁判员
(1)judging by/from 从……判断
judge sb. /sth. by/from 从……来判断某人/某物
as far as I can judge 据我判断; 我认为
Judge a book by its cover. 以貌取人。
(2) judgment (=judgement) n. 裁决; 判决
make a judg(e)ment about 对……作出判断
judging from/by用在句首时, 为一个独立成分, 不受句子主语和时态的影响, 只用现在分词形式作状语而不用过去分词形式。
①I’d prefer to reserve my ___________(judge)until I find all the evidence.
②Judging _______his happy look, he must have passed the driving test.
③ ____________the above story, we can draw the conclusion that we don’t __________________________.
从上面的故事判断, 我们可以得出结论: 不要以貌取人。
judg(e)ment
by/from
Judging from
judge a book by/from its cover
3. scene n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场; 现场; 场面
on the scene 在现场; 当场
behind the scenes 在幕后; 暗中
appear/come to the scene 到场
【名师点津】
scene“场景; 场面; 地点”, 在定语从句中作状语时, 关系词一般用where引导。
【易混辨析】 “风景”有不同
view 多指从远处或高处等某个角度所看见的“景物; 景致”
scene 除表示“景物; 景致”外, 还有“场面”之意, 大多包括人及人的活动在内
scenery 指一个地区全部的自然景色, 如高山、森林、溪谷等, 是不可数名词
sight 指人们游览观光的风景, 尤指人文景观, 也可指“情景; 景象; 视力”
形象 记忆
4. spot vt. 看见; 注意到; 发现n. 地点; 处所; 斑点; 污迹
(1)spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
be spotted by 被……认出来; 被……发现
be spotted with 满是……斑点; 被……点缀
(2)on the spot 当场; 在现场; 立即
(3)spotted adj. 有花点的; 有斑点的
*(2017·浙江高考) The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.
①On the way, we spotted a man _______(hold) a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job. Family to Feed. ”
②The milkman selected the _______(spot)cows, from among a herd of two hundred.
③A car ran past, _______(spot) my coat with mud.
holding
spotted
spotting
④He answered the question ___the spot.
⑤The grass of the forest _____________________________.
⑥The man tried to get away with stealing, but ____________
__________.
那个男子偷了东西试图逃脱, 但他被当场抓住了
on
is spotted with small yellow flowers
he was caught
on the spot
5. patience n. 耐心; 忍耐力; 毅力
(1)be out of patience with 对……不能再忍受
(2)patient adj. 有耐心的; 能忍耐的 n. 病人
be patient with 对……有耐心
impatient adj. 不耐烦的
be impatient with 对……不耐烦
*(2019·江苏高考)With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction.
(1)语法填空
①The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more _______(patient) to be treated.
②People have lost ________(patient) with the slow pace of reform.
③Like building a house, learning English takes some time. So don’t be _________(patient).
(2)After all, forced waiting _______________.
毕竟, 被迫等待需要耐心。
(3) ______________, I grew frustrated at the long waiting.
patients
patience
impatient
requires patience
Patient as I was
6. indicate vt. &vi. 表明; 显示vt. 象征; 暗示
(1)indicate sth. (to sb. ) 指示; 指出; 标示
indicate that/wh-从句 表示……; 示意……
(2)indication n. 指示; 表明
indicative adj. 指示的; 暗示的(仅作表语)
*This implied meaning often indicates people’s feelings, attitudes or motives.
*(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains.
【即学活用】 语法填空
(1)The study ________(indicate) that people who drink milk
before going to bed are more likely to fall asleep.
(2)There is a great deal of evidence _________(indicate) that
music activities engage different parts of the brain.
(3)This is a clear _________(indicate) of the connection with
the solar activity.
(4)She took out a map and indicated the quickest route __us.
indicates
indicating
indication
to
7. in return 作为回报; 作为回应
(1)in return for 作为对……的回报
on one’s return 某人一回来
(2)return sth. to sb. =return sb. sth. 归还某人某物
return to 回到
in turn 按顺序; 转而; 反过来
in return 作为回报
【名师点津】常见“in+n. ”短语
①in case以防万一
②in advance事先; 提前
③in danger处于危险中
④in order井井有条
⑤in place在正确位置
⑥in reality/fact事实上
8. by accident 偶然地; 意外地
(1)by chance 偶然地, 意外地
by design 有意地, 故意地
by mistake 错误地
(2)on purpose 故意地
【即学活用】
(1)I don’t know whether they did it __________or _________.
(2)I took your bag instead of mine __________.
by accident
by design
by mistake
9. intention n. 打算; 计划; 意图; 目的
intend v. 想要;打算;意欲
intend doing/to do sth 打算/想要做某事
intend sb to do sth. 计划让某人做某事
be intended for/to do ... 旨在......;为......打算的
had intended to do /intended to have done
本打算做......(但实际未做)
①If I’ve hurt your feelings, it was quite without ________
(intend).
②The journey was intended _________(achieve)more
than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.
③The school being built at present is said to be intended ___the disabled children.
They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
→They ___________________into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
intention
to achieve
for
intended to have gone
10. hesitate vi. 犹豫; 迟疑; 顾虑
(1)hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over/at. . . 对……感到犹豫
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事
①However, if our office can be of further assistance, please do not hesitate _________(contact)us.
② Faced with this challenge, Tom faced it _____________
while Jim ____________________it.
to contact
without hestitation
hesitated about/over/at
11. manner n. 举止; 行为方式; 方法 [pl. ]礼貌; 礼仪
(1)in a. . . manner=in the manner of . . .
以一种……的方式; 带着一种……的样子
in a manner=in some way=to a certain extent 在一定程度上
in this manner=in this way 用这种方式
all manner of 各种各样的; 形形色色的(人, 东西等)
(2)manners n. 礼貌; 礼仪
good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌
table manners 餐桌礼仪
【即学活用】
(1)Grandma has always been ___________________
________.
我奶奶总是提醒我要注意餐桌礼仪。
(2)I’m a professional and I have to conduct myself ____ ________________________.
我是专业人士, 必须以专业方式行事。
(3) _____________________with your mouth full.
嘴里塞满了东西跟人说话是不礼貌的。
reminding me of table
manners
in a
professional manner
It is bad manners to talk
12. option n. 可选择的事物
(1)have no option but to do 除了做……之外别无选择
keep/leave your options open 保留选择余地; 暂不决定
(2)optional adj. 可选择的; 随意的
①But I also know that if you really want to achieve something, you __________________persist in the things you are doing.
但是我也清楚地明白, 要想有所收获, 你毫无选择, 必须坚持, 坚持, 再坚持。
②Students _______________________________abroad in their second year. 学生在二年级时可以选择出国学习。
have no option but to
have the option to study/of studying
13. broad adj. 宽阔的; 广阔的; 广泛的
(1)broad smile 灿烂的笑容
(in) broad daylight 光天化日(之下)
(2)broadly adv. 明显地; 宽广地; 广泛地
(3)broaden vt. & vi. (使)扩大; (使)变宽
broaden one’s horizons=open one’s eyes 开阔某人的视野
①She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and ____________.
② I will be a volunteer in an important event. It can _______
___________. (这可以拓宽我的视野)
a broad smile
broaden
my horizons
例:
His shoulders were ________and his waist narrow.
Everyone was soon ______ the plane.
I would love to go _______ this year, perhaps to the South of France.
Free room and _____ are provided for all hotel staff.
broad
aboard
abroad
board
aboard prep/adv. 表示登上飞机、船、火车等。
abroad adv. 在国外。注意:不能修饰名词。
board n. 董事会;木板;甲板;膳食
broad adj. 宽;broaden“使变宽”
【辨析】aboard abroad board broad
14. willing adj. 愿意; 乐意
unwilling adj. 不愿意的
willingly adv. 欣然地; 愿意地, 乐意地
willingness n. 情愿
be unwilling to do 不愿意做某事
*Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
*(2019·江苏高考)Naomi, Melissa’s best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help.
*Why would the owner be willing to wait for a long time to get paid
15. permit vt. &vi. 允许; 准许; 使有可能
(1)permit sb. ( to do) sth. 允许某人(做)某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)without permission 未经许可
with one’s permission 如果……允许的话
ask for permission 征求许可; 请求允许
give permission 准许
【名师点津】
与permit一样, 后面直接跟动名词或跟不定式复合结构(sb. to do. . . )的动词还有allow(允许), forbid(禁止), advise((建议), encourage(鼓励)等。
①But Naomi would have to ask Steve’s __________(permit).
②The government has already permitted the company _____
(use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.
③We don’t permit ________(smoke) in the building.
If time permits, I will visit the Great Wall. (用独立主格结构改写)
→_______________, I will visit the Great Wall.
permission
to use
smoking
Time permitting
句式升级 世纪金榜导学号
If time permits, I will visit the Great Wall. (用独立主
格结构改写)
→_______________, I will visit the Great Wall.
Time permitting
16. in case 以防; 以防万一
in any case 无论如何, 不管怎样
in case of 万一……, 如果发生……
in no case 决不(放句首时, 主句用部分倒装)
as is often the case 这是常有的事
in that/this case 既然那样/这样; 在那种/这种情况下; 如果是那样/这样的话
*In case of fire, run quickly to the nearest door.
*In that case, it is both convenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings.
【即学活用】
(1)(2019·江苏高考)Unfortunately, that is ___________.
不幸的是, 事实并非如此。
(2)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she
should not move ________________________.
拉里告诉她, 他已经扑灭了火并且告诉她不要移动, 以防伤到脖子。
not the case
in case she injured her neck
(3)一句多译
通常情况下, 对于那些坚持希望的人来说, 一切皆有可能。
____________________anything is possible for those
who hang on to hope. (it作形式主语的主语从句)
_________________, anything is possible for those who
hang on to hope. (定语从句)
It is often the case that
As is often the case
17. account vt.认为;vi.解释;说明;对……负责
n. 理由;解释,说明;账目
accountant n. 会计
account for对……做出解释;(在比例上)占;导致
on account of 由于;因为
on no account 决不可以(置于句首时,用部分倒装)
on any account 无论如何
keep an account of 记录;记载
take…into account= take…consideration 考虑
①He couldn't __________(account) his absence from school.
②The Chinese market___________(account) for 35% of the company revenue.
③Too much ___________(account) the poor crop.
_____________we miss the chance.
我们决不可以错过这个机会
account for
accounts for
accounted for
On no account
18. suppose v. 假设;认为;猜想
suppose sb./sth. (to be) +形容词/介词短语
be supposed to do sth.=should do sth. 理应做某事
suppose+ that从句
例1:大家都认为他很穷,实际上却很阔。
Everyone ____________________, but he is really quite wealthy.
例2:我们理应相互帮助。
We are _______________ each other.
例3:你根据什么认为我反对这件事?
What makes you suppose ________________
supposes him (to be) poor
supposed to help
(that) I'm against it
18. suppose v. 假设;认为;猜想
suppose sb./sth. (to be) +形容词/介词短语
be supposed to do sth.=should do sth. 理应做某事
suppose+ that从句
例1:大家都认为他很穷,实际上却很阔。
Everyone ____________________, but he is really quite wealthy.
例2:我们理应相互帮助。
We are _______________ each other.
例3:你根据什么认为我反对这件事?
What makes you suppose ________________
supposes him (to be) poor
supposed to help
(that) I'm against it
THANK YOU