2022年牛津深圳版中考英语复习专题---被动语态课件（35张）

(共35张PPT)
U3 ---Grammar
Let's review
Dictation
被动语态
1.英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
一.主动语态表示: 主语是动作的执行者.
二.被动语态表示: 主语是动作的承受者
He cleans the living room every day.
动作的执行者+ 动作 +动作的承受者
__
_____
_____________
主
谓
宾
谓语动词的主动形式
主动语态
The living room is cleaned by him every day.
动作的承受者+ 动作 + 动作的发出者
____________
________
_____
主
谓
宾
谓语动词的被动形式
被动语态
2.被动语态的基本构成：
be（am, is, are)+动词的过去分词
---（be+done)
过去分词的用法也有两个特点：
一是表示完成.
二是表示被动.规则动词的过去分词在动词原形后加“ｅｄ”构成
三.过去分词只强调被动意思，表明动作已经完成.
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed
watch---watched
2)以不发音e结尾的加-d
practice---practiced
3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed
4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed
2.不规则动词的过去分词：
am
is
are
been
have
has
had
do
done
write
written
go
gone
如何判定句子是主动 or 被动？
看主语是否是动作承受者
主动语态变被动语态的方法
（主语） （宾语）
主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者
被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者
（主语） （宾语）
说明：
（1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。
（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。
（3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
目前我们学过哪些时态
各种时态的被动语态构成
各种时态的被动语态构成
1.一般现在时：
2.一般过去时：
3.情态动词：
4.一般将来时：
5.现在进行时：
6.现在完成时：
7.过去进行时：
主语+am/is /are +过去分词
主语+was/were +过去分词
主语+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
主语+ will+be+过去分词
主语+ am/is/are + being +过去分词.
主语+ have/has + been+过去分词
S+ was/were+being+过去分词
1.一般现在时
结构：am/is/are +done
1. We clean the classroom every day.
2.The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
His brother washes his bikes every day.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
His bikes
are washed
by
his brother
every day.
She plants trees in spring.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
Trees
are planted
by
her
改为被动语态
in spring.
They play football on Sunday.
Lucy does the homework in the evening.
They often use computers in class.
Football is played by them on Sunday.
The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.
Computers are often used by them in class.
2.一般过去时
结构：was/were+done
He put on a coat.
A coat was put on by him.
He made the kite.
The kite was made by him.
2. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.
一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词
They built the tall building last year.
He took good care of his little brother yesterday.
We cleaned our classroom just now.
The tall building was built by them last year.
His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.
Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.
3.一般将来时
结构：shall/will /be going to+ be done
1.They will plant trees tomorrow.
一.Trees will be planted by them tomorrow
2.He is going to write a letter to his mother.
二.A letter is going to be written to his mother by him.
Tom will clean the room tomorrow.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The room
will be cleaned
by
Tom
tomorrow.
We will hold a sports meeting next week.
Children will take some photos in the
schoolyard tomorrow.
The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.
A sports meeting will be held by us next week.
Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.
A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.
4.现在完成时
结构：has /have +been done
Jim has finished the work.
The work has been finished by Jim.
6.We have made twenty more keys．
Twenty more keys have been made by us.
现在完成时：
S+ have/has + been+过去分词
5.现在进行时：
Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。
这块手表是中国制造的。
This watch is made in China.
2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者
每年都应该种更多的树。
Many trees should be planted every year.
何时使用被动语态呢？
3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。
许多房屋被冲走了。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.
Summary
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 V(原形)/ V(e)s am/is/are +Vpp
一般过去时 V-ed/ made was/were +Vpp
一般将来时 will +V(原形) will+ be +Vpp
含情态动词 情态动词+ V(原形) 情态动词+ be +Vpp
各种时态的被动结构练习
1、The Chinese food _____ to be the healthiest in the world.
A. considers B. is considering
C. is considered D. has considered
2、John ___ , for he went swimming yesterday without permission.
would punished B. had punished
C. punished D. was punished
3、---- Have you moved into the new house
---- Not yet .Rooms _______.
A. are painting B. are painted
C. are being painting D. are being painted
一般时态：am/is/are +过去分词
现在进行时态：am/is/are +being +过去分词
过去时态：was/were +过去分词
4、Mr. Wu was in hospital . when we went to see him , he ____on .
A. operated B. was operated
C. was operating D. was being operated
5、The new school ______ when the new term begins.
A. finishes B. will finish
C. will be finished D. would finish
过去进行时态：was/were + being +过去分词
一般将来时态：will + be+过去分词
6、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____ in the poor area.
A. built B. have built
C. have been built D. have been building
7、The programmes _______ easily if you use a short
wave radio.
A. can pick up B. pick up
C. picked up D. can be picked up
现在完成时态：have/has + been +过去分词
情态动词：情态动词+be +过去分词
Test
P34 一，二