2022届高考英语二轮复习：名词性从句公开课（43张）

(共42张PPT)
名词性从句
一. 概念
名词性从句：
在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:名词性从句。
名词性从句
noun clause
主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
辨别下列名词性从句的类别：
1.How the book will sell depends on its author.
2.John said that he was leaving for London on
Wednesday.
3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
4.The fact that he has not been seen recently
disturbs everyone in his office.
5.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
主语从句
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：　　
连接词：that, whether, if
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。
①如果从句中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；
缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；
② 缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；
原因状语用why；方式状语用how；
③ 缺定语用what或which；
④ 什么都不缺用that。
“缺什么补什么”原则
That she will win the match is certain.
It is certain that she will win the match.
一．主语从句
平衡
1.It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is necessary/important/obvious that…
2.It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that… 人们相信…
It is known to us all that …. 众所周知…
It has been decided that…… 已经决定……
3.It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that…… 事实是……
4.It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It appears that… 似乎…
It happens that …. 碰巧…
It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……
主语从句中的“主谓一致”：
1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
That they will come _______certain.
2. what 、who 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
What he wants ______these books.
What he wants ______some water.
注意
is
are
is
1.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句
I don't know why he is late for school.
We all agree with what you said .
2.主语 + 谓语 + 介词 + 宾语从句
二．宾语从句
3.主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 + 宾语从句
I am sorry that Tom didn't pass the exam
sure, happy, glad, certain
基本结构为:
主语 + 系动词 + that从句
三．表语从句
1.look, remain, seem等系动词后均可跟表语从句
My suggestion remains that we should go
shopping.
2.as if 也可引导表语从句
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
注意
3. that VS why VS because
①The reason why Tom didn’t come is
_____his mother was ill.
②I was late for school and it was ______ I got up late.
③I stayed up too late and that's ____I was late for school.
that
because
why
The that she is good at English makes her happy.
I have a that we will succeed.
came that our team had won the game.
四．同位语从句
fact，idea，news，truth，hope，doubt，
suggestion，belief，evidence
fact
feeling
Word
1.语序问题
2.区别that , what
3.区别that、whether 与if
4.it 作形式主语或形式宾语
5.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
考点归纳
(1) They want to know _____ do to help us.
A. what can they B. what they can
C. how they can D. how can they
(2) Can you make sure _____ the gold ring
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
(3) Someone is ringing Mary. Go and see _____.
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
B
C
I.语序问题
D
归纳
在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其它部分应用________的语序。
陈述
What we can’t get seems better than what we have .
That a new teacher will come to our school is true .
_______只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何
成分，没有词义
_______既有连接作用，又要在从句中作成分 （主语，宾语，表语，定语）(… 的东西;物;话;时
间;地点;人物;数目等不同概念)
归纳
that
what
II.that 与 what 的区别
1.After five hours’ drive, they reached 　　　was the place they’d been dreaming of.
2. ___________ the earth is round is known to us all.
3. The way he did it was different from　　　 we were used to.
4. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at 　　　　was a dangerous speed.
5. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.
what
what
what
That
that
that 在名词性从句中不能省略的情况
1.that引导多个并列的宾从中只能省略第一个that，其余的都不能省；
People say (that) I'm crazy and that I am blind.
2.that引导动宾从，在口语中常可省略,但引导介宾从、主从、表从、同从时一般不能省略。
That she will win the match is certain.
3.that 引导宾从后置，用形式宾语it代替时不能省；
China has made it clear to the world that it is strongly against
terrorism.
4.名词性从句本身为复合句且复合句在主句前时，that 不能省略。
He said that if I went there, he would go too.
注意
1. ____is known to all, Taiwan is only part of China.
A. As B. That C. Which D.What
2. It is known to all____ Taiwan is only part of China.
　　A. as B. that C. if D. for
3._____ is known to all is that Taiwan is only part of China.
A. that B.as C. what D.which
（非限制性定语从句）
（that引导真正的主语从句）
（what引导主语从句）
1. I don’t know __________ I’ll
be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know _______ or not
I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is _______ this
book is worth writing.
whether / if
whether
whether
II.区别if 与whether
4. It depends on _______ we will
have enough money.
5. _______ they can do it matters
little to us.
6. _____ you are not free tomorrow,
I’ll go without you.
whether
Whether
If
请你归纳
a. 主语从句并在句首时
b. 表语从句
c. 同位语从句
e. 介词后的宾语从句
f. 直接加动词不定式只能用whether（to do）
g whether or not 直接连用时不用if
只能使用whether 的情况：
请你归纳
that VS whether VS if
(1) _____ knowledge comes from practice is known to all.
What B. Where C. If D. That
(2) It makes no difference _____ our sports meet will be held
this week or next week.
A. that B. either C. whether D. when
(3) I doubt _____________ he will come soon.
(4) I do not doubt _____________ he will come soon.
(5) Do you doubt ____________ he will come soon
D
C
whether / if
that
that
表示是否时用____________,表示肯定时用_______
归纳
whether /if
that
注意
1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。
___________________________ is a pity .
2.他来不来不重要。
________________________doesn’t matter.
It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.
That he made such a mistake
It is a pity that he made such a mistake.
it 作形式主语
Whether he will come or not
China is a developing country is known to all.
That
III.it作形式主语,形式宾语
It is reported/ thought/said that…
It is important/necessary/certain/clear that…
It is a pity/a shame/an honor that…
It doesn’t matter whether…
It happens/appears/seems that…
请你来归纳：it作形式主语，that-clause
作真正主语的句式有哪些？
It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It ＋形容词 ＋ 从句
It ＋名词(短语) ＋ 从句
It ＋不及物动词 ＋ 从句
This is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
2. It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray.
　 A. while B. that
C. if D. for
It
★
改错
it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate+it + if 或when从句
it 作形式宾语
make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that… / to do…
I find it important that we should keep calm in danger.
改错：I would appreciate you if you take what I said into consideration.
it
Exercises: “it”作形式主语或形式宾语：
1.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full．
A. it B. that C. these D. them
2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless.
A. / B. it C. that D. how
3. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A．while B. that C．if D．for
4 Will you see to ____ that the luggage is brought back
A. we B. yourself C. it D. them
A
B
B
C
see to it that... 表示务必，一定注意到
5. I like ___ in the autumn when the
weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
6. I’ve got to make clear that he told a lie.
it
it
Do you know the fact that he stole the car
Do you know the fact that they were talking about
IV.同位语从句和定语从句
①定语从句中，关系词that在句中充当成分；
而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。
②定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用；
而同位语从句则解释说明前面名词的具体内容。
归纳
(同从)
(定从)
(同从)
(定从)
火眼金睛
The news that our team has won the match is encouraging.
The news that you told us is true.
我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。
你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。
Exercises
1.Doris’ success lies in the fact ________ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
A. which B. that C. when D. why
2.Do you have any idea_______ is actually going on in the classroom
A. that B. what c. as D. which
3. There is a feeling in me ______ we’ll never know what a UFO is– not ever.
A. that B. which c. of which D. what
4.Information has been put forward_______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. as
5. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
6. we can’t get seems better than we have.
A. What,what B. What,that C. That,that
D. That,what
7. –I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
-Is that you had a few days off
A.why B.when C.what D.where
D
A
A
1.The question is ____the film is worth seeing.
A. if B. what C. whether D. how
2.They received orders _____ the work be done at once.
A .which B. when C. / D .that
3.The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed.
A .why; why B. why; because
C. why ; that D. that; because
C
C
D
Consolidation:
4. ___ I can’t understand is ___ she wants to change her mind.
A. What; why B. Which; how
C. That; why D. What; because
5. ____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.
A. That B. Whether
C. If D. Even if
6. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
D
A
B
7. I have the information ____.
A. of what he’ll come soon
B. that he’ll come soon
C. of that he’ll come soon
D. his coming soon
8. --- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.
--- ____ it made me nearly mad.
A. That he broke B. What he broke
C. He broke D. His break
B
A
9.It remains a question ____ we can get so much money in such a short time.
A. how B. that C. when D. what
10.--- Can I help you
--- Yes, do you know ____
A. when comes the bus
B. when will come the bus
C. when does the bus come
D. when the bus comes
A
D
11. He made a promise ___ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
A. that B. if
C. what D. that if
12. They lost their way in the forest and ____ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall.
A. what; that B. it; that
C. what; when D. which; what
A
D
13.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full．
A. it B. That C. these D. them
14. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless.
A. / B. it C. that D. how
15. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A．while B. that C．if D．for
A
B
B