中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world
Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) 导学案
学 年 2021-2022年度第二学期 科目 八年级英语 课题 Unit 7 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) 授课时间
主 备 人 使用人 八年级师生 课型 语法课 审核签字 学案序号 7-3
学习目标 能够识记理解本节课上遇到的新单词，短语，和句型。 能够运用数字及正确的度量描述自然地理事物。 能够熟练运用形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级结构对具体事实进行比较。
重 点 形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法区别。 熟练掌握形容词的用法。
难 点
教师寄语 Haring the same sky, a total of a soil retaining. (同顶一片蓝天，共护一方水土。)
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列单词并熟读。 旅行；旅游 n.&v.__________________旅行者；观光者 n. ________________墙 n.____________________________令人惊奇的；令人惊叹的adj. _______古代的；古老的 adj._______________保护；防护v._____________________宽的；宽阔的 adj._________________人造的adj._______________________大海；海洋n.____________________太平洋 ________________________
二、根据汉语意思写出下列短语。 —世界上最高的山是什么？？ —珠穆朗玛。 ____________________________________________________________________—珠穆朗玛峰有多高？ —高8848.86米。它比任何其他山都高。 ____________________________________________________________________—世界上最深的盐湖是哪一个？ —里海是所有盐湖中最深的。 ____________________________________________________________________—你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？ —是的。它比美国古老得多。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
精讲点拨 Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour. tour在此处作可数名词，还可以作动词用。 eg：They went on a tour around Europe last year. ( n.) We toured Italy for our holiday last year. ( v.) 【拓展延伸】tour (v.) + 后缀 -ist → tourist (n.) 旅行者；观光者 eg：The tourists (n.) toured (v.) Hong Kong for holidays. They all enjoyed their tour (n.). Wow, that’s amazing. amazing一般用于修饰事物，amazed（感到惊奇的）常用于修饰人。 be amazed at 意为“对……感到惊讶”。 eg：The amazing magic show made me feel so amazed. I’m amazed at his rapid progress. 【拓展延伸】类似的以 -ing（令人……），-ed（感到……）结尾的形容词： interesting/interested, surprising/surprised, relaxing/relaxed, moving/moved, tiring/tired, boring/bored, exciting/exited, … The main reason was to protect their part of the country. protect此处用作及物动词, protect… against/from…“保护……免于……”。protection作不可数名词，意为“保护；防卫”。 eg：Are we doing enough to protect the environment He wears sunglasses to protect his eyes against/from the strong sunlight. It’s parents’ duty to provide protection for their children. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较, 表示“较…...”或“更……一些”；形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示“最……”形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 ★ 比较级和最高级的构成 ① 规则变化 单音节和部分双音节词多音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾直接加 er或-est以e结尾的，加-r或 -st以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，改y为i加-er或-est重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这个辅音字母后加 -er或-est在单词前加 more构成比较级，加most构成最高级long→longer→longestnice→nicer→nicestheavy→heavier→heaviestbig→bigger→biggestbeautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
② 不规则变化 原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest
★ 比较级的用法 “比较级+than any other+可数名词单数”=“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”表示“比其他任何……都……”, 表示最高级含义， 可与表示最高级的句子进行转换。 eg：My father is the tallest one in my family.我父亲是我家最高的。 =My father is taller than any other member in my family. =My father is taller than the other members in my family. 可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级程度的副词（短语）有：much, a little, even, a lot, a bit, far等。 ★ 最高级的用法 1.（the + ）最高级 + in/of 短语该结构意为“……中最……的”。 eg：I think spring is the best time of a year.我认为春天是一年中最好的时候。 Tom works (the) hardest in Class 3.汤姆在三班学习最努力。 2. one of the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 + in/of 短语该结构意为“……中最……的……之一”。 eg：Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 杭州是世界上最美丽的城市之一。 of与in都有“在......当中”的意思。但它们有严格的区别。用of的时候,主语同of后面的词是指同一类的人或物。而用in的时候,主语同in后面的词是指不同类的人或物。 3. the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 可数名词单数 + in/of 短语该结构意为“……在……中是第几……的……”（从第二开始）。 eg：China is the third largest country in the world. 中国是世界第三大国。 4. Which/Who … + 最高级, A, B or C 该结构意为“A，B，C中，哪个/谁最……？”。 eg：Which is the biggest, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou 北京、上海和广州哪个最大？ 【特别提醒】(1)最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不加the。 eg：The Yangtze River is China’s longest river. 长江是中国最长的河流。 (2)当most表示“非常”时，其前不加the。 eg：It is a most useful book. 这是一本非常有用的书。
检测小结 一、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 登陆火星比我们想象中要难得多,但我们做到了。 Landing on Mars was ________ ________ ________ than we imagined,but we made it. 袁隆平是最伟大的科学家之一,他对世界做出了重要的贡献。 Yuan Longping,one of_____ _____ _____, made important contributions to the world. 我认为四月是泰国最热的月份。 I believe that April is________ ________ ________in Thailand. 汤姆是我们班年龄第二大的学生。 Tom is________ ________ ________student in our class. 这栋房子的起居室比其他任何房间都大。 The living room is bigger________ ________ ________room in this house. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 All the English teachers, ________ (include) Miss Li, will come to the meeting. My brother, Kim, ________(succeed) in reaching the top of Mount Huang last summer. I think this mountain is very dangerous for us ________(climb)． She gave up ________ (go) to the party because she had to look after her little sister. On weekends, many people go to the forest and enjoy themselves in the ________ (nature) world. Do the Himalayas run along the ________(southwest) part of China You should drive more carefully in ________(freeze) weather. The snow here was ________(thick) than that over there. There are four ________(ocean) in the world. Do you think it is difficult to make some ________(achieve) in your English studies 三．单项选择。 ( )1.—________ is the river —About 40 cm. It reaches up to my knees. A．How high B．How long C．How deep D．How wide ( )2. —________ is the population of China now, Jack —Let me think for a moment; it is about ________． A．How many; 1，400 million B．What; 1，400 million C．What; 140 million D．How many; 140 million ( )3.The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou ________ in winning the Nobel Prize in 2015. A．succeeded B．success C．successful D．successfully ( )4.We all know it's hard to ________ air on the top of the mountain. A．take up B．look after C．take care of D．take in ( )5. People cut down too many forests. Because of terrible living ________， some animals are becoming fewer and fewer. A．conditions B．ways C．styles D．hobbies
参考答案
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列单词并熟读。 tourtouristwallamazingancientprotect wide man-madeoceanthe Pacific Ocean
二、根据汉语意思写出下列短语。 What’s the highest mountain in the world Qomolangma.How high is Qomolangma It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.Which is the deepest salt lake in the world The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
检测小结 一、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 much more difficultthe greatest scientiststhe hottest monththe second oldestthan any other
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 includingsucceededto climbgoingnaturalsouthwesternfreezingthickeroceansachievements
三．单项选择。 CBADA
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