2022年牛津深圳版英语中考语法复习—一般过去时&一般将来时讲义（无答案）

时态复习：一般过去时&一般将来时
学习目标:
1、巩固一般过去时的基本用法；
2、巩固一般将来时的基本用法。
复习：一般过去时
(一)．概念
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
(二).结构
一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。
基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句
Be动词 was/ were+not was或were提前，放于句首
行为动词 didn’t+do（动词原形） Did+主语+do（动词原形）
(三)．用法
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
　He was here yesterday. 他昨天在这里。
　I got up at seven yesterday morning. 昨天上午我7点起床。
　My mother was at work yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我妈妈在工作。
　Did you have a good time last summer 你去年夏天过得好吗？
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
　My mother often went to work by taxi last year. 我妈妈去年经常打的上班。
　When I was a student, I often listened to music. 当我还是个学生的时候，我经常听歌。
3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：
　yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…),last night (week, month, year…),一段时间+ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago…in 1990, (in 1997…) ,just now（刚才）, long before, long, long ago（很久之前）。
(四). be动词（am is are）在一般过去时中的变化：
1）am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。 （否定式：was not= wasn’t）
I was a student ten years ago. 我十年前还是个学生。
I was not/wasn’t a student ten years ago. 我十年前开始就不再是学生了。
2）are在一般过去时中变为were。（否定式：were not= weren’t）
They were at home last night. 她们昨天在家里。
They were not/ weren’t at home last night. 她们昨天不在家里。
3）总结：表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were构成。
(五)．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子：（我们称之为行为动词）
1）即实义动词，表示动作的动词。如：drink喝 buy买 take拿 catch抓 fly飞 等。
2）一般过去时的陈述句结构（肯定句）：
主语+动词过去式+其它+表示过去的时间
Jim went home yesterday. 吉姆昨天回家了。
3）一般过去时的否定句结构：
主语+didn’t+ 动词原形+其它+表示过去的时间（didn’t=did not）
Jim didn’t go home yesterday。 吉姆昨天没回家。
4）一般过去时的一般疑问句结构：
a．Did＋主语＋动词原形＋宾语？（行为动词的疑问句开头用did）
Did you study English in 1990 你1990年学习英语了吗？
b．Was/Were+主语＋表语 ？（be动词的疑问句开头用was/were）
Was he a pupil five years ago 他5年前是个学生吗？
结构归纳总结：
1、肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。
I was in Beijing yesterday .
He went to the beach yesterday .
2、否定句：主语+wasn’t 或weren’t+其他。 主语+didn’t + V原+其他。
I wasn’t in Beijing yesterday .
I didn’t go to the beach yesterday .
3、一般疑问句：was/ were+主语+V原+其他？ Did +主语+V原+其他？
Were you in Beijing yesterday
Did you go to the beach yesterday
4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他？
特殊疑问词+did+主语+V原+其他？
Where were you yesterday
(六)．动词过去式构成规则
1.一般在动词原形末尾加– ed
help → helped, look → looked, play → played, work → worked, listen → listened, wash →washed, clean → cleaned,
2.结尾是 e 的动词加 -- d
live---lived hope---hoped use---used like --- liked
3.以重读闭音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加 –ed。
stop---stopped plan---planned prefer→preferred
4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—ed
study---studied carry ---carried cry --- cried worry → worried
(七)．不规则动词的过去式
1．改变动词中的元音；
begin→began 　drink→drank come→came　 eat→ate grow→grew　run→ran 　know→knew win→won 　speak→spoke　take→took　 write→wrote 　get→got　
2．变词尾的–d 为–t ；
build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3．与动词原形一样；
cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4．变-ay 为-aid (少数动词)；
say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5．采用不同词根；
sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6．其他。
am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
随堂练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1、 I _______ at school just now。　
2、 He ________ at the camp last week。
3、 We ________ students two years ago。　
4、 They ________ on the farm a moment ago。　
5、 Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year。
6、There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday。　
7、 There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday。
二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. We ______ (live) in Japan last year.
2. Susan_______ (stop) the car on the street yesterday.
3. My mother_______ (clean) my room and ______(study) for the English test last Sunday.
4. What ______ you ______(do) last night
5. On Saturday morning I _____(play) football.
课后作业
一. 单项选择题
( ) 1.The two __________in the same class last year.
A. are　 B. was 　C. were
( ) 2.--Where__________ you go
　　 --I went to buy some food for supper.
　 A.are 　 B.did 　 C.do
( ) 3.The students in Li Lei’s class__________ on a farm last week.
　 A. work 　 B. works 　 C. worked
( ) 4.--Have you found your pen
　 --Yes, I__________ it two hours ago.
　 A. found 　B. find　 C. finded
( ) 5. They__________ not late the day before yesterday.
　 A. did　 B. were 　 C. are
( ) 6. My friend __________his homework fifteen minutes ago.
　 A. finish 　B. finishes 　 C. finished
( ) 7. They stopped here because they__________ the way to the station.
　 A. didn’t know　 B. don’t know 　C. will know
二．用动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________(live) in America two years ago.
2. The boy ________(listen) to the teacher carefully last week.
3. We _________(watch) a Japanese cartoon last Friday.
4. Nancy __________(pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I __________(pull) up carrots with Mike yesterday.
6. They __________(play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _________(cook) a nice food last Spring Festival（春节）.
8. The girls _________(dance) at the party last Wednesday .
9.The students __________(study) very hard last month(月).
10. My parents __________(plan) to have a good weekend last Thursday.
11. We (visit) our grandparents last Sunday.
12. My grandparents (be) very happy to see us .
13.Ben (ask) his mother many questions when he was five years old.
综合练习
一．一般现在时、一般过去时练习
　1.The teachers________(like)___________(dance).
　2.The teacher________(like)____________(dance).
　3.The students___________(speak) English in class.
　4.The student_________(speak) Chinese after class.
　5. Let's____________and play football . ( go )
　6. He_____________ like swimming . ( not )
　7. I'm sorry ____________that . ( hear )
　8. Wang Bing is____________ ( write ) an E-mail to his friend .
　9. He has_____________a headache . ( get )
　10. _________you study English at school Yes , I___________. ( do )
　11. __________your sister study English at school No , she__________ . ( do )
　12. I'm _________ better . ( feel )
　13. Why__________Tom absent today ( be )
14. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday No, they _________.
15. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
16. We ____ (go) to school on Sunday.
17. It ____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ___ (go) to his office by car.
18. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
19. Don't ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
20. What _________ you ______ just now I _______ some housework. (do)
二．写出下列动词的过去式
1.am／is ________ 2.do _______ 3.go ________ 4.have _______
5.isn’t _________ 6. aren’t ________ 7.spend________ 8.cook_______
9.read ________ 10.clean _______ 11.live _______ 12.study_________
三.用be动词的适当形式填空。
I _______ at school just now.
He ________ at the camp last week.
We ________ students two years ago.
They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
复习：一般将来时
(一)．定义
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
There will be an English party next Saturday.
We will come to see you tomorrow.
(二)．结构
1、由will +动词原形构成，其will适用于各种人称，与主语连在一起时，常常缩写为’ll。变否定句时，只需在will后加not，可缩写为won’t 。在疑问句中，will需提前，构成will+主语+动词原形的结构。
He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里。
2、shall+动词原形（常用于主语为第一人称）
I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。
3、be going to+动词原形（打算、准备做某事）
He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假。
(三)．用法
表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next day(week/month/year...) this evening (weekend …), in the future ,
in a few minutes， the day after tomorrow , by．．．， soon 等连用。
I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .
I hope you won’t be late next time .

随堂练习：
一．单项选择题。
1.—Have you finished the poster for the party
—Not yet.I______it in two days.
A.finish B.finished C.will finish
2. Robots ______more heavy work for us in the future.
A.will do　　B.did　　C.have done　　D.were doing
3.Students in Class One ___________ the museum next Friday.
A.visited B.visit C.will visit
4. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon
A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go
5. We ________ the work this way next time.
A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing
6. ________ you ________ free next Sunday
A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be
7. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.
A. will B. is C. will be D. Be
8.--Which team do you think the game
--Hard to say. There are still ten minutes before it ends.
A. won B. will win C wins D. has won
二．用括号内所给单词的正确时态填空。
1.Sarah_________ (not be) here at ten tomorrow morning, because she_________ (go) to Beijing at that time.
2. I _________ (be) a teacher when I grow up.
3. He_________ (visit) his good friend next weekend.
4. I_________ (arrive) at the airport soon. _________ you _________ (pick) me up then
5.—_________ (be) Jenny_________ (study) in Japan
—No, she is going to study in China.
6.Tomorrow is Sunday. We________ (not have) any lessons.
7.They _________ (fly) to China at 9 o’ clock tomorrow.
三．句型转换，每空一词。
1. Are you going to have a picnic this weekend (改为否定句）
I_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ a picnic this weekend.
2. Mike will watch a famous movie on TV tomorrow afternoon. (改为同义句）
Mike_________ _________ _________ _________ a famous movie on TV tomorrow afternoon.
3. My parents will take me to Shanghai next month. (改为一般疑问句）
_________ your parents_________ you to Shanghai next month
4. I will visit the Great Wall this afternoon. (就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ you_________ this afternoon
5. He will go to the library this Friday. (改为否定句）
He_________ _________ _________ to the library this Friday.
四．根据文章内容用所给词的适当形式填空。
Sam’s birthday is on July 7th. His parents and his friends (16)_________(have) a party for him this evening. And they will give their presents for him. His friend Danny (17)_________(buy) him a football, because they both like playing football. Sam and Eliza enjoy reading books. She (18) _________(go) to the bookstore and buy a famous book for him this afternoon. Sam’s parents want to give him a special present. They (19)_________(take) him to Beijing, because Sam hopes to visit the Great Wall and eat Chinese food. If Sam knows the surprise, he (20)_________(be) very happy.