2021-2022四川中考英语复习课件 第2篇 2 专题3阅读理解(共116张PPT)

(共116张PPT)
第二篇　攻专题 · 能力提升
二　题型专题探究
专题三　阅读理解
栏目导航
解题技巧
中考例题精析
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选择型阅读理解
命题特点
阅读理解是中考英语试卷中非常重要的一部分，也是试卷中分值比重最大的一种题型。它主要考查学生对阅读材料的分析理解能力、推理判断能力和归纳概括能力。纵观近几年中考试题，出现的阅读题材比较广泛，有人物故事、生活常识、名人轶事和新闻报道等。解答本题型既要理解文章中各句的字面意思，也要理解其言外之意，以发现作者写作的真实意图。阅读理解能力是中学生学习英语必须具备的一种基本能力。
解 题 技 巧
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解题方法
在阅读短文之前，要快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉需要的信息。做题时不必拘泥于试卷中所呈现的试题顺序，应遵循“先易后难”的原则。比如，可先做细节理解题再做推理判断题，因为细节理解题大多能直接从文中找出答案，而推理判断题则须先对短文进行深层理解，再做判断。
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1．主旨大意题。
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，找出或归纳出主题句。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文的第一句或最后一句。
2．细节理解题。
细节题往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉关键信息，比如一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
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3．推理判断题。
推理判断题要求学生根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断题通常包括数字事实推断、常识推断以及作者写作目的、态度等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实相关的细节加以分析，找出线索，反复比较，从而做出合乎逻辑的判断。
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4．词义猜测题。
词义猜测题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断单词词义的能力。一般情况下，词义猜测题中所出现的单词大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要通过阅读上下文，判断该词的含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查它是否贴切，仔细比较直到最终确定。
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还原句子型阅读理解
命题特点
此类题型要求从所给的句子中选取合适的句子补充到文章中的空缺位置，使文章内容完整。此类题型可以是七选五的形式，五选五的形式，四选四的形式。近年来，达州地区的此类题型通常是四选四的形式。
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解题方法
还原句子题是近年来中考英语试题中考查较多的题型，一些学生由于对此类试题不熟悉，做题时感到无从下手。做这类试题的解题思路是：1.首先通读全文，把握文章整体，了解文章大意。2.认真分析选项内容，理解选项句意。3.根据所给空格的位置，判断选项特征，瞻前顾后，前后对照，逐句推敲。可能需要根据前句内容判断后句，或根据后句内容判断前句，也可能要根据前后句内容判断中间句。如果是首句或尾句，可能是概括总结内容的句子。4.重读文章，验证答案。即把选项填入空格，通读文章，如果文章意思通顺，逻辑关系清晰，无前后矛盾等现象，即可确定答案。
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针对阅读短文还原句子的考查，我们总结出了此类题型的解题步骤，具体如下：
1．读选项，划关键词，暗排序。
2．读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
3．先易后难来解题。
4．回读文章定答案。
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一、(2020·四川达州)阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Planting “trees” on your screen
Do you want to help China become a more beautiful country Now, you can do this on your mobile phone.
中 考 例 题 精 析
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Ant Financial(蚂蚁金服) is an Internet financial service company. In August 2016, it started an interesting project “Ant Forest”. According to Ant Financial, “Ant Forest” can help people improve the environment.
But how does the project actually work And what effects(效果) has it had In “Ant Forest”， people start by planting a virtual(虚拟的) tree. Then the project will give people “green energy” if they do low carbon activities. The activities include walking, buying tickets online, taking public transportation and so on. With “green energy”， the virtual tree will slowly grow up. When there is enough “green energy”， Ant Financial will plant a real tree.
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The Ant Financial company has been working with lots of green charities(慈善机构). Together, they help farmers in desert places in China plant trees.
“Ant Forest” has been very popular. More than 250 million people have planted virtual trees on their phones. And Ant Financial has planted more than ten million real trees.
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Bai Xue is a member of Ant Financial. She says the company believes everyone wants to improve the environment. She and her workmates are happy that they can help people realize their wishes. According to Bai, Ant Financial will do more in the future so that we can make China a greener country together.
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55．Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage
A．Ant Financial has helped all farmers in China to plant trees.
B．If you buy tickets online, you can get “green energy” from the project.
C．Because of the project, charities become more and more popular.
D．More than ten million people have planted real trees.
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56．What is the correct order according to the passage
a．Ant Financial plants a real tree.
b．You receive “green energy”．
c．The virtual tree grows up.
d．You do low carbon activities.
e．You plant a virtual tree.
A．d－c－b－a－e B．e－b－c－d－a
C．d－a－b－c－e D．e－d－b－c－a
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57．What's the main idea of the last paragraph
A．Ant Financial believes that all the people can realize their wishes.
B．The company will become greener.
C．Ant Financial will do more in the future to make our country greener.
D．Bai Xue and her workmates want to plant trees.
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58．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．Ant Financial can help people realize their wishes of improving the environment
B．Ant Financial is a charity
C．Farmers in desert places in China often plant trees
D．The members of Ant Financial like walking, buying tickets online and taking public transportation
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【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了蚂蚁金服的“蚂蚁森林”项目。
【试题解析】
55．答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据原文Together, they help farmers in desert places in China plant trees.可知，A选项“蚂蚁金服帮助中国所有的农民植树”的说法错误，可排除；根据原文“Ant Forest” has been very popular.可知，“蚂蚁森林”项目很受欢迎，并没有提到慈善机构，故C选项“因为这个项目，慈善机构变得越来越受欢迎”的说法错误，可排除；
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根据原文More than 250 million people have planted virtual trees on their phones. And Ant Financial has planted more than ten million real trees.可知，D选项“一千多万人种了真正的树”的说法错误，可排除；根据原文Then the project will give people “green energy” if they do low carbon activities. The activities include walking, buying tickets online, taking public transportation and so on.可知，B选项“如果你在网上买票，就可以从这个项目中获得‘绿色能源’”的说法正确，故选B。
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56．答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据原文In “Ant Forest”， people start by planting a virtual(虚拟的) tree. Then the project will give people “green energy” if they do low carbon activities. The activities include walking, buying tickets online, taking public transportation and so on. With “green energy”， the virtual tree will slowly grow up. When there is enough “green energy”， Ant Financial will plant a real tree.可知，正确的顺序是“你种一棵虚拟树”→“你做低碳活动”→“你获得绿色能量”→“虚拟树长大”→“蚂蚁金服种下真树”。故选D。
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57．答案　C
解析　主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，蚂蚁金服表示在未来会做得更多，这样就可以让中国成为一个更加绿色的国家。C选项“蚂蚁金服在未来会做更多的事情来让我们的国家变得更绿”符合题意，故选C。
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58．答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据原文She says the company believes everyone wants to improve the environment. She and her workmates are happy that they can help people realize their wishes.可知，每个人都有改善环境的愿望，而蚂蚁金服帮他们实现了这个愿望。A选项“蚂蚁金服可以帮助人们实现改善环境的愿望”符合题意，故选A。
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二、(2019·四川达州)根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的选项补全短文。
Do you have a tail Of course not, we know. But tails are like opinions, actually, everyone has them: fishes, birds, most reptiles, and even some of our closest relatives.
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Since tails first evolved(进化) at least 500 million years ago. Geckos(壁虎) use them to store fat. Birds use them to steer through the air. But for most mammals(哺乳动物), 62.________ Yet, as you get closer to humans on the evolutionary tree, tails disappear.Gorillas(大猩猩) don't have them, and neither do chimps(黑猩猩) or any other apes(类人猿) including us, of course. To understand why, take a look at how we walk.
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63．________ Walking like this gives us a huge advantage because unlike four legged animals, which have to pour energy into every step they take, two legs take advantage of gravity(重力), which does some of the work for us. You see, each time we take a step, gravity pulls us forward. The end result is that when we walk, we use around 25% less energy than walking on all fours, and this way of getting around also totally eliminates(淘汰) the need for a tail.
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It's said that you can still see a reminder of a time when our ancient ancestors had one. Just look at a human spine(脊椎). 64.________ That's your tailbone. It's all that's the rest of our tail.
Now, babies are born with what looks like a tail, but that's not what's really going on. Most often, these tails are actually a parasitic twin(寄生物). These types of tails usually form as a birth defect(瑕疵). 65.________
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So the tail of humans has gone.It's the result of evolution after millions of years.Will humans be much taller, stronger or smarter in the future
A. Nowadays, humans can walk completely upright.
B．And in these situations, doctors will advise to remove the tails with no harm to the babies.
C．they serve one major purpose — balance.
D．You can see how the last few bones are partly fused(融合) together.
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【文章大意】本文是科普类阅读，介绍了人类“尾巴”的进化过程，指出人类的尾巴是数百万年进化的结果，预计人类将来会变得更高、更强、更聪明。
【试题解析】
62．答案　C
解析　根据前两句“Geckos use them to store fat.Birds use them to steer through the air”可知此处在列举尾巴的作用，C选项介绍的是哺乳动物尾巴的重要作用——保持平衡，符合前后逻辑。
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63．答案　A
解析　根据上一段最后一句和空白后的“Walking like this gives us a huge advantage because unlike four legged animals…”并结合选项可知，此处是在说现在人类行走的方式。故选A。
64．答案　D
解析　根据前句“Just look at a human spine”以及选项可知，D项“You can see how the last few bones are partly fused(融合) together”符合语境。
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65．答案　B
解析　根据前句“These types of tails usually form as a birth defect”可知，在这种情况下，医生会建议在不伤害婴儿的情况下切除尾巴，所以B选项符合文意。
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(一)选择型阅读理解
A(山东枣庄改编)
We often face the following situations in our daily life:
The woman next door plays her piano after 12 o'clock at night.the family across the street never cleans up their yard.The rubbish blows into your yard.
The man next door always parks his car in front of your drive.
Have things like this ever happened to you If so, you may ask yourself, “Who are these people Why are they doing these things to me？”
2021年迎考特训
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These days, many people don't know their neighbors.Sometimes we share a friendly smile or say hello, but lots of people don't even know their neighbor's names! When you don't know someone, it's easy to be angry when something has happened that you think is unfair.You think, “Maybe they like to make me angry, ”or “Maybe they do it on purpose.” Believe it or not, your neighbors probably don't mean to irritate(激怒)you.Often, they don't even know that they're making you feel angry.So before you take unusual steps to fix the problem, you should discuss it with them first.
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When you move towards your neighbors, you should talk to them in a friendly manner.Praise their children to make them feel good.Then explain the situation.And if you can think of a simple way to solve the problem, suggest it.
If talking doesn't work, ask another person to help.This person can listen to both sides of the story and help you and your neighbor solve the situation.
Finally, sometimes it's a good idea to avoid the problem.Depending on the problem, it might be best to just stay out of your neighbor's way.
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1．What's the writer's purpose of writing paragraphs 1&2？( )
A．To ask some questions.
B．To lead in the subjects.
C．To list some situations.
D．To tell some stories.
B　
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2．You should talk about the problem with your neighbors first because
　 　.
A．they often say hello or smile to you
B．you do not know what they are called
C．they probably don't plan to make you unhappy
D．they will take unusual steps to solve the problem
C　
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3．When talking with your neighbors, you can make them have a good feeling by 　　.
A．praising their children
B．explaining the problem
C．shaking hands with them
D．making friends with them
A　
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4．The best way to solve the problem sometimes is to 　　.
A．ask another person for help
B．turn a blind eye to it
C．tell the story to your friend
D．let your neighbor get out of the way
B　
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B(安徽)
Dear Sunday Globe，
I am writing to tell you about your article Smartphones Make Life Easier in last Sunday's newspaper.You did an excellent job explaining the good points of smartphones, but you didn't talk about their bad points at all.So, I hope you'll let me give your readers some advice on smartphone etiquette(礼仪)．
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The first point I'd like to address is loudness.When you talk on your smartphone in public, please don't shout.In fact, the microphones in smartphones are very sensitive(灵敏的)．So, you can be heard even if you speak quietly.
Another point is about personal space.I don't think it is polite to make calls in small spaces full of people.This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business.What's worse, it stops many face to face conversations from ever beginning.
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Lastly, doing two things at the same time is dangerous.For example, making calls while driving is a bad habit.Pay attention to the road! Similarly, when staying with your friends, turn off your smartphone and enjoy their company.
Yours truly，
Amber Jala
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1．Amber Jala wrote the letter to 　　 .
A．find a good job B．provide advice
C．make her life easier D．buy a smartphone
2．What does the underlined word “address” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？( )
A．“致函”. B．“称呼”．
C．“陈述”. D．“选址”．
B　
C　
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3．According to Paragraph 3, what makes people around you uncomfortable？( )
A．Discussing face to face.
B．Speaking quietly on your phone.
C．Minding your own business.
D．Calling in small spaces full of people.
D　
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4．What can we learn from the last paragraph？( )
A．It is dangerous to drive on the road.
B．It is easy to start a company with others.
C．It is bad to turn off our phones while driving.
D．It is important to use our smartphones properly.
D　
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C(2020·四川达州)
Traditional Chinese culture is catching the world's eyes. The good traditional Chinese culture is our great treasure. President Xi Jinping says we should have a high level of cultural confidence. There are so many great works in the course of Chinese history such as Di Zi Gui，Lun Yu，Meng Zi and so on. Xi Jinping and other leaders often borrow some wonderful sentences from them. Dao De Jing is also one of them.
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It is widely believed that Laozi, a famous Chinese philosopher and the founder of Taoism, was the writer of Dao De Jing. There are only 5,000 characters in the book, but it is considered as one of the oldest and most important philosophy books of ancient China.It includes two parts, Dao and De．
Dao means “the Way”. It doesn't tell us how to choose the right way, but it really shows that one should act through naturalness and non action(无为)．
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Naturalness refers to a natural state of being, an attitude of following the way of nature. Laozi thought that everything in the world has its own way of being and developing. Birds fly in the sky; tigers live in the forest; fish swim in the water; flowers bloom and flowers fall. He gave advice to the people who have strong feelings to control the world. He said they should give up the desires(欲望)．
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Non action does not mean that one should do nothing but passively(被动地) wait for something to be achieved. What he meant is that humans should follow the way of nature and try not to break the rule of nature.
De means“Virtue(德行)”. Laozi thought the great virtue is like water. And he thinks nothing in the world is weaker than water, yet nothing is stronger than water when it comes. It can nearly destroy everything strong. In ancient China, there is also a saying：Water can hold the boat. It can also make the boat turn upside down. Water is a typical(典型的) example of the weak beating the strong.
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Of course, there are many other wonderful things we can learn from the book. Today, Dao De Jing still plays a role in the development of Chinese thoughts. It is becoming more and more popular with people around the world.
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1．According to Dao De Jing， which picture shows an attitude of breaking the way of nature？( )
A. B.
C. D.
B　
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2．Why did Laozi think the great virtue is like water？( )
A．Because water is a typical example of the strong beating the weak.
B．Because Laozi thought nothing in the world is weaker than water.
C．Because water is a typical example of the weak beating the strong.
D．Because water can hold the boat.
C　
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3．What does Dao De Jing tell us？( )
A．We should act by following the way of nature and have the great virtue.
B．We should choose the right way to success.
C．We should do nothing but passively wait for something to be achieved.
D．We should become strong and try our best to satisfy our desires.
A　
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4．What is the feeling that the writer wants to express in the passage？
( )
A．Serious. B．Proud.
C．Upset. D．Sad.
B　
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D(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨改编)
Americans love pets. Many pet owners treat their pets as a part of the family. They treat their pets as their children—sometimes even better.
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In America, there are more families with pets than those with children. 43 percent of US homes have pets. Some of the pets are exotic, such as monkeys, snakes, butterflies and even wolves. Those animals come from other countries, especially China, Thailand, South Africa and so on. More common pets include fish, mice and birds. However, their favorites are cats and dogs. They sometimes have strong feelings about whether dogs or cats make better pets. “Dog people” and “cat people” often have friendly arguments about that.
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People can get many benefits from pets. Pets stay with people, make people happy and help people get rid of loneliness. Therefore, most of Americans like pets. They think pets should be treated well. At least 75 animal welfare(福利) organizations have been set up in America. They provide care and good services for homeless animals. Some pets can help people live a better life. For example, researchers(研究者) have discovered that getting on with animals can help lower(降低) a person's blood pressure. Dogs can offer protection from strange visitors. Cats can play games with the children. Some kinds of pets can provide love for their owners.
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In fact, to keep a pet can help a young couple have the responsibility to raise children. Pets are as basic to US culture as hot dogs or apple pies. To Americans, pets are not just property(财产), but a part of the family.
1. The underlined word “exotic” in the passage means “　　” in Chinese.
A．本国的 　　　　B．异国的 　　　　C．当地的
B　
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2．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage ( )
A．57% of US homes don't have pets.
B．In the US, the families with children are fewer than those with pets.
C．Fish, mice and birds are the most popular pets in the US.
3．Most Americans like keeping pets because 　　.
A．they treat their pets even better than their children
B．there are at least 75 animal welfare organizations in the US.
C．pets can bring many benefits to people
C　
C　
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4.How can some pets help people live a better life？( )
A．Getting on with animals can help lower animals' blood pressure.
B．Dogs can protect their owners from strange visitors.
C．Hot dogs and apple pies are a part of the family in the US.
B　
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E(2020·四川眉山)
A 15 year old student from Sichuan named Wei Fang was preparing a talk on Western festivals. She searched online for information and made a PowerPoint slide(幻灯片). Zhu Hui，her classmate，was doing his chemistry homework. He couldn't work out the last problem, even though he had tried his best. So he took out his smartphone. Then he opened a special app and searched for the problem. Solutions appeared on his screen after several seconds.
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Like Wei and Zhu，nowadays, many students do their homework with the help of the Internet. They search for information online, or discuss with their classmates through QQ and WeChat.
“It's convenient. You don't have to wait for your teacher to explain it to you face to face，” according to Zhu. You can also learn by seeing how others work the problems out. What's more, it improves students' abilities to solve problems. This is especially true for homework that requires some research work. “I am now quite skilled at finding information online, ” Zhu added.
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However, this trend(趋势) also causes problems. Some lazy students just copy the answers from the Internet without thinking on their own. Some even let their classmates do their homework for them. And their teachers may not know this.
But knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self control. When you meet a difficult problem，think about it by yourself first. Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers after you have turned to the Internet，or you won't make any progress. If you are not sure about your self control，ask your parents for help.
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1．Both Wei Fang and Zhu Hui used the Internet to 　　.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A．play games
B．search for information
C．take exams
D．chat with their classmates
B
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2．Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the fourth paragraph？( )
A．Some students only copy the answers from the Internet.
B．Some students let their classmates do homework for them.
C．Nobody is able to finish their homework without the Internet now.
D．Some students have stopped thinking on their own.
C　
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3．According to the passage, 　　is the key to using the Internet to study.
A．self respect B．self control
C．self confidence D．self thinking
B　
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4．By writing this passage, the writer wants to tell us that .
A．the Internet can be a good helper if we use it properly
B．the Internet has made all students lazy
C．it's not necessary to learn how to use the Internet
D．it's important to learn how to use the Internet
A　
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F(2019·四川达州)
Many environmental groups are warning that oceans of the world are in great danger.In the past 50 years, the number of water with zero oxygen(氧气) in the open ocean has increased more than four times. In the near coast water bodies，including the river mouth and seas, low oxygen areas have increased more than 10 times since 1950. Scientists discover that oxygen continues dropping even outside these zones as the Earth warms. To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient(养分) pollution.
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Oxygen is a must to life in the oceans. The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment.
This is the first time for the scientists to take such a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide，in both the open ocean and the near coast waters. About half of the oxygen on Earth comes from the ocean. However, mixed effects of nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing the number and size of “dead zones” in the open ocean and the near coast waters, where oxygen is too low to support
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most sea life.
In the areas traditionally called “dead zones”， like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die. As fishes run away from these zones, their living areas become smaller and smaller. But the problem goes far beyond “dead zones”. Even smaller oxygen drops can hold up the growth in animals and lead to disease or even death. Low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals. Although a few animals can grow well in dead zones，
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overall biodiversity(多样性) falls.
1．What should we do to stop the drop of ocean oxygen in the article？( )
A．By controlling in both climate change and nutrient pollution around the world.
B．By taking a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide.
C．By running away from these zones, for the living areas become smaller and smaller.
D．By cutting down the number of animals in the oceans.
A　
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2．Why are these waters called “dead zones” from the article？( )
A．Because the oxygen in these areas is too low for most sea life to live.
B．Because nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing.
C．Because there are no animals living in these areas.
D．Because low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals.
A　
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3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article？( )
A. Only a few animals living in the sea need oxygen.
B．Climate change can help cut down the dead zones.
C．Fishes grow faster and better in low oxygen areas.
D．Human activities have many serious effects on ocean environment.
D　
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G(2018·山东泰安)
If you are given only 1 yuan, could you live in a city for one day It seems this may be a little difficult. But students from Xi'an did it. On April 10, more than 60 students from a middle school of Xi'an took part in the One Yuan Metropolis Survival. Students not only have to live, but also have to deal with a lot of hard tasks in this charitable(慈善的) activity. It has happened in eight cities and is going to four others, including Beijing, in May.
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To make money, many students looked for part time jobs and experienced how hard life was. Zhang Qiyue,14, asked more than 10 restaurants for a job and finally got one chance.“We were upset when they said no. But gradually, we got used to it，” he said. After being a waiter for an hour, he got 25 yuan.
Some made use of their talents by singing and dancing in parks or shopping malls. Many people who walked by took notice and helped them. Zhao Jiacheng,14, drew pictures and made paper crafts(手工)．“This showed it's important to learn a special skill，” he said.
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Living was hard, but finishing the tasks wasn't any easier. They went to different places to finish tasks in a short time. The most amazing one was when they had to exchange things worth thousands of yuan with only a piece of paper in half an hour. “We learned how to explain to others. From a balloon to a cake to a bottle of yogurt... after almost 20 tries, we succeed，” he said. They will give all the money they made to poor schools in Tibet.
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1. The students should 　 in this activity.
A．be given enough money
B．complete some easy tasks
C．live and finish difficult tasks
D．give away their pocket money(零用钱)
C　
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2．To make money, students tried many things EXCEPT 　　.
A．going to Beijing for work
B．doing part time jobs
C．giving talent shows
D．drawing and making paper crafts
A　
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3．What did the students learn from this activity？( )
a．Living was hard.
b．It was much easier to finish the tasks than living.
c．It was important to learn a special skill.
d．Success came from many tries.
A．abc　　　　 B．abd　　　　
C．bcd　　　　 D．acd
D　
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4．What's the main purpose of this activity？( )
A．To let students from different cities communicate with each other.
B．To teach students how to make money.
C．To develop students' living skills and social responsibility.
D．To make students realize the importance of learning a special skill.
C　
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H(2018·四川达州)
In recent years，a number of Chinese technological innovations(科技创新) have been making waves around the world.Among them，four stand out.They are known as “four new great inventions” of modern China.They have made our daily lives more convenient.
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High speed trains
China created its first high speed railway line in 2008.Since then，the number of passenger trips has grown by over 30 percent every year.By 2016，more than 5 billion trips had been taken on China's bullet trains(高铁)，according to Xinhua News Agency.
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China is currently working on the next generation bullet trains that will have a top speed of 400 kilometers per hour.By 2020，one fifth of the country's 150,000 kilometer railway network will be used by high speed trains.This network will link more than 80 percent of major cities across China，said Xinhua.
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Mobile payment
Mobile payment is turning China into a “cashless society” led by the third party payment companies like Alipay.For example，instead of paying by cash，customers now pay for goods simply by typing a short password into Alipay app on their mobile devices.
Users can also pay their bills through Alipay，such as their water and electricity bills.Alipay also supports cross border(跨境的)online and in store payment，which allows users to buy things on international websites and apps.
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Shared bikes
Shared bike services started in Western countries.But China has surprised the world with how quickly it has adopted dockless(无桩的) shared bikes.
Unlike traditional bike sharing method，dockless bikes allow users to simply pick up or park a bike on the street through GPS and smartphone apps.
To unlock a bike，you just need to scan a QR code on a shared bike with a smartphone app.After you finish riding，you can park it at available parking areas，lock it and pay for ride through mobile payment services.
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Online shopping
With around 751 million Internet users，China has been the world's largest and fastest growing online shopping market.
Online shopping now accounts_for 15.5 percent of total retail sales in China，according to Xinhua.Thanks to lower costs and fewer licensing requirements(执照要求)，it's easier for sellers to open an online shop in China than a brick and mortar shop(实体店)．
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It also helped to create jobs of rural areas.In 2016，online shopping created more than 20 million jobs in rural areas，with over 8.1 million running their own online shops，said Xinhua.
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1．What is known as “four new great inventions” of modern China？
( )
A．GPS，Smartphone apps，High speed trains and Online shopping.
B．Mobile payment，Shared bikes，Online shopping and High speed railway network.
C．Online shopping，Short password，High speed railway network and Mobile payment.
D．High speed trains，Mobile payment，Shared bikes and Online shopping.
D　
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2．According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE？( )
A．After you use shared bikes you can park them everywhere.
B．When users pay their water and electricity bills，they only pay them by cash.
C．By 2020，China's 30,000 kilometer railway network will be used by high speed trains.
D．It's easier for sellers to open a brick and mortar shop than an online shop in China.
C
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3．The underlined phrase “accounts_for” means “　　” in Chinese.
A．占……比例 　　　　　　 B．是……原因
C．给……解释 　　　　　　 D．出……单据
A
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4．From this passage，the writer mostly wants to tell us that　　.
A．nowadays China has become the most developed country in the world
B．nowadays China has made much great progress in both science and technology
C．nowadays China is stronger than any other country in the world
D．nowadays only China can make a great contribution(贡献)to human
B　
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I(2018·四川达州)
Fu Gui,33，was re connected with his birth parents after using “Baby Come Home”，a Chinese website that helps people find their missing children，thanks to an online facial recognition system.
This is the first time in China a missing child and their parents have been re connected with the help of facial recognition technology.The cutting edge artificial intelligence(AI) technology(人工智能技术) was developed by Baidu，and had been used by “Baby Come Home”. The system was launched on “Baby Come Home” in March and contained thousands of
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pictures of missing children across the country.
Fu Gui's family members had never stopped looking for him in the past 27 years.As his father recalled，Fu Gui was born in Chongqing in 1984 and went missing in 1990.To find his son，the man uploaded Fu Gui's information to “Baby Come Home” with a picture of Fu Gui when he was four.In 2009，Fu Gui also started looking for his family，registered(注册) on the same website and uploaded a childhood picture of himself at the age of ten.
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With the help of Baidu's AI technology，“Baby Come Home” was able to quickly analyse the 60,000 pictures in its database(数据库)．The system would first compare the faces in the target and source images，then choose 30 profiles(侧面像) that best fit the descriptions.In Fu Gui's case，his childhood picture was chosen by the system to be one of the 30 that looked most like Fu Gui.
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A DNA test was carried out to compare Fu Gui's biological information with his parents'.The test confirmed that the two parties were a match.The re connection of Fu Gui and his parents marked the first case in China for a missing child and their family to be matched with the help of facial recognition technology.We think more and more missing children will find the family to their birth parents.
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1．How old was Fu Gui when he went missing？( )　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A．4 years old. B．6 years old.
C．10 years old. D．27 years old.
B　
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2．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT TRUE？
( )
A．Fu Gui's parents kept looking for him when he went missing.
B．Fu Gui who found his birth parents from facial recognition technology is the first one in China.
C．Fu Gui began to look for his birth parents in 2009.
D．The DNA test confirmed that the two parties of Fu Gui and his father were not a match.
D　
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3．Which is the best title for the passage？( )
A．Fu Gui found his birth parents
B．The use of facial recognition technology
C．The use of Baidu's AI technology
D．“Baby Come Home”
C　
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(二)还原句子型阅读理解
A(四川成都改编)
As time goes by, are you still the same person you were Many of you would think you are.1.　　You could be a completely different person when you get old.Psychologists(心理学家) at the UK's University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people. The research found almost everyone's personality changed when they grew old.
C　
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In 1950, a group of teachers gave over 1,200 14 year old students personality tests.2.　　They were self confidence, sense of responsibility, perseverance(耐性), strong wishes to win, creativity and moods(情绪)．
In 2012, researchers successfully found 174 of those 1,200 students and gave them a test similar to the one they had received before.3.　　They were surprised to find great changes to all six personality traits of these people.4.　
　It was “as if the second test had been given to different people，”the study reported.
A　
B　
D　
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In the past, personality was widely believed to be unchangeable.This new study may bring some fresh ideas to the world.
A．They tested six basic personality traits.
B．Then they compared the then and now test results.
C．But according to a new study, your personality can change greatly.
D．The younger and older self seemed to be totally different for each person.
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B(2020·四川达州)
Everyone faces challenges in their life, but some are more difficult than others. Daniel Kish had serious problems with his eyes when he was born. And doctors took away both of his eyes before he was fourteen months old.
Soon later, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He started to make clicking(咔哒) sounds with his tongue(舌头) to help him move around. Much like a bat (蝙蝠), he now moves about using sonar(声呐). 1.　　 He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar. In this interview with National Geographic, Kish explains how sonar works.
B　
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How does sonar work
“When I make a clicking sound, it makes sound waves. These waves reflect(反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then processes the sounds into images(图像).2.　　”
When you click, what do you see in your mind
“Each click is like a camera flash. I make a 3D image of the things around me for hundreds of feet in every direction.”
　D
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What is it like riding a bike using sonar
“3.　 I click up to two times per second, much more than I usually do.”
Is it dangerous to move around the world in this way
“Most of us live in fear of things that we imagine. I have a habit of climbing everything, but I never broke a bone(骨头) as a kid.”
A　
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How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar
“Many students are surprised how quickly results come. 4.　　 It's in the mind.”
C　
A．It's exciting and enjoyable but requires a lot of focus.
B．He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic.
C．Seeing isn't in the eyes.
D．It's like having a conversation with the environment.
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C(2019·福建改编)
Seeing blood in a horror movie might make you cover your eyes, but real blood isn't scary at all. 1.　　 That's why blood donors are considered lifesavers.
Blood donors are those giving blood—usually about 200 ml at a time—to blood banks or blood donation (捐赠) centers. 2.　　 For example, someone may have lost blood in accidents, or have a serious illness that requires his blood to be replaced. Hospitals and blood banks store the blood and try to keep enough on hand.
B　
A　
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Donating blood is not difficult. Medical workers ask donors several questions to make sure the blood is safe to use. Then the donors relax, often reading a magazine or talking as their blood is drawn. Afterward, the donors may receive some juice or water and maybe fruit to give them energy. The process is simple, not scary. 3.　　 To give blood, a person must be at least 18 years old and must meet certain other requirements.
Students of all ages, though, can learn more about the donation process by visiting a local blood donation center. 4.　　 It is also an easy way to help a community.
C　
D　
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A．Then the blood can be used for people in need.
B．In fact, blood is the gift of life and keeps us alive.
C．Donating blood is not only one of the easiest ways to save lives.
D．Most people are able to donate blood again in several months if
they wish.
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D(2019·山东潍坊改编)
No one wakes up feeling happy every day. Very happy people are not different. They never stop trying to be happy. Here are some of the habits of happy people.
◆ They slow down.
Sometimes we think too much. 1.　　 Happy people know how to enjoy the taste of their meal, enjoy the world's colors, even just step outside to enjoy fresh air.
B　
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◆ 2.　　 　 　
Getting your body moving for as little as 10 minutes can make you happy. Happy people exercise regularly and follow through on it because they know it a will help them get a good mood(情绪) and stay in a good mood.
◆ They spend money on other people.
Research shows that spending money on others makes you much happier than spending it on yourself. This is especially true of small things that show effort, such as going out of your way to buy your friend a book that you know he or she will like.
A　
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◆ They get enough sleep.
3．　　 Your energy, attention and memory all go down when you don't sleep well. Happy people make sleep a first thing of all.
◆ They have deep conversations.
Happy people know that happiness and depth go hand in hand.They avoid saying mean things about people. 4.　　 They talk with others on a deeper level, because they know doing it feels good and is an interesting way to learn.
D　
C　
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A．They exercise.
B．We don't have time to look around.
C．Instead, they focus on meaningful relationships.
D．When you sleep, your brain restarts and cleans itself.
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E(2020·四川自贡改编)
Exercising Together
Pets are great for our general health, and happiness. Dog owners especially benefit from (得益于) increased levels of exercise. 1.　　 　　　　
Dogs as personal trainers
Dog owners generally exercise more, and this has positive effects on their health over the long term. 2.　　 Also, they can make their owners want to get up and go.
B　
D　
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Security
Walking with a dog can help people, particularly women, feel safer. This in turn can encourage owners to exercise more regularly. Walking with a dog can also improve social communication with other people.
Health benefits
3.　　 　Simply taking your dog for a daily half hour walk is a great way to burn kilojoules. It can also let you clear your head of the worries of the day and enjoy the company of others.
A　
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Good for dogs
Regular exercise with dogs isn't just great for owners, and our dogs benefit as well. It helps keep them mentally and physically healthy just like their owners.
Other pets
4．　　 Cats, birds and fish can all help to reduce loneliness and stress, meaning pets owners visit the doctor less often than non pet owners. Now that's a real benefit.
C　
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A．Walking is good for our health.
B．Dr. Katrina shares her advice about exercising with pets.
C．Other pets can have a good influence on owners besides dogs.
D．These findings suggest dogs are almost like personal trainers.