Module 3 Literature倒装句

课件22张PPT。倒装句亚林一中
李丹丹一.概说1.通常英语中句子的顺序是主语+谓语，这是正常语序，但是为了句子语法结构的需要，把谓语或其他成分放在主语之前，叫做“倒装语序”.
2.倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装.二.全部倒装谓语动词全部位于主语之前的，叫“全部倒装”，也叫“完全倒装”.用法如下：
1.地点介词短语作状语位于句首时，主语为名词，且谓语动词为不及物动词的陈述句，句子用全部倒装,常用动词有be, lie, stand等，
倒装方法如下：
地点介词短语+谓语+主语（名词）
At the foot of the hill lies a lake.
Beside the village stand many hills.
In the front of the house sits a little boy.
Under the table sleeps a brown cat.2.由副词here, there, now, then, away, down, in, up, off, out, under, back等开头的句子，且主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等.
倒装方法如下：
以上副词+谓语+主语（名词）
Here comes the bus. 车来了.
Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了.
There goes the train. 火车开走了.

注意：如果句子中的主语不是名词，而是人称代词，主语和谓语语序不变，如下：
地点介词短语/副词+主语（代词）+谓语
The girl went away.
Away went the girl.
Away she went.
She went away.
3.当表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为：“表语+连系动词+主语”，表示强调.
Hanging on the wall is a painting.
Near our school are many shops.
Present at the meeting are the scientists from all over the world.
来自全世界的科学家出席了这次会议.4.there be句型是全部倒装（其中be动词可换成exist, lie, live, remain, stand, appear, used to等.）
Once upon a time, there lived a prince.
There exist many serious problems.
There used to be many fish in the lake.三.部分倒装只有一部分位于主语之前，其他成分留在主语之后的，叫部分倒装.
（一）部分谓语倒装
只有一部分，通常是be动词、助动词或情态动词等位于主语之前，其他谓语留在主语后的，叫部分倒装.
1.否定词或否定短语放句首时，句子用部分倒装，常用的否定词有：no, not, never, never before，seldom, hardly, barely, scarcely, little, few, nowhere, at no time, in no time, by no means=in no case=in no way(立刻)
倒装方法：
①否定词+助/情/be+主语+谓语其它部分
②如原句中无助动词，根据时态和人称，在主语前加did/do/does,原谓语变成原形留在原位置.
否定词+ did/do/does+主语+do
Never did I think so.
Not a word did she say.
Nowhere did/could I find the wallet.
By no means shall I change my mind.
几种特殊用法1).Hardly/Scarcely
No sooner
when
than
一….就…
Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang.
+had+主语+done++一般过去时句子2).not only…but also….前倒后不倒
Not only did he cleaned the room, but also he cooked some dishes.
3).not until….后倒前不倒（主句倒装）
Not until a week later did he realize the painting was lost. 2.only+状语，位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，倒装方法同上. 副词
Only+ 介词短语 +主句（倒装）
状语从句
Only then did I know where he came from.
Only by working hard can we succeed.
Only when one is away from home does he realize how nice home is.3.在so/such…that…句型中, so/such…的部分位于句首时，用部分倒装，that后的句子不倒装，方法同上.The work is so hard that nobody can do it.
=So hard is the work that……
So loudly did he speak that everyone can hear him.
Such a serious mistake did he make that he was punished.4.so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语，
表示一种肯定情况适用于另一个人
neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语，
表示一种否定情况适用于另一个人
e.g. -— I like reading
-— So does he.
(二).其它成分的部分倒装1.as引导的让步状语从句，需要倒装，此时，as可用 though替换，方法如下：
1). n(其前无冠词)/adj.+as/though +主语+系动词，+主句
Child as he was, he had to make a living.
Pretty as he is, she is not clever.
Old man as he is, he is in good health.2). 副词+as/though +主语+谓语，+主句
Fast as he ran, he couldn’t catch up with me.
3).动词原形+as/though +主语+谓语，+主句
Try as he may, he will never succeed.
2.no matter how
however
No matter how difficult the task is, I will finish it.
However hard he worked, he didn’t satisfy his boss.
+adj./adv.+主语+谓语,+主句几种特殊用法1).Hardly/Scarcely +had+主语+done+ when+过去时句子
No sooner+…….. +than+…….
一….就….