人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit1 Science fiction Words单词精讲课件(43张ppt)

(共43张PPT)
Unit1
Words and Expressions讲解
Teaching Objectives
01
02
Ss master the prounciation of the new words.
Ss master the usages of key words, phrases and expressions.
1. test out 检验; 测试
They opened a single store in Europe to test out the market.
他们在欧洲开了一家商店，检验一下市场情况。
Hank: I'd also like to test out the overhead projector.
汉克: 我也想测试一下投影机.
1. test out 检验; 测试
1. test sb. on sth. 在...方面测试某人
2. test sth. on. sb./sth. 在...身上测验...
3. test sb. for sth. 为某事检查某人
1. take a test 参加考试
try out: 试用; 测试; 试验
V
V
n
同
Exercises
The new products ____________________ before it was put on the market.
这种新产品被投放市场前已经过检验。
Tens of thiusand of people ___________for government officers every year.
每年成千上万的人参加公务员考试。
has been tested out
take a test
2. bonus n. 意外收获; 奖金; 红利
reward n. 奖励; 报酬; 悬赏金
award n.奖; 奖品; 奖金; 奖状
allowance n. 津贴; 补助 currency n. 货币
cash n.现金
pl. bonuses
辨析
3. ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的
1. It is ridiculous to do ...
做什么是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
2. It is ridiculous that ...
...是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
ridiculously adv. 荒唐地;荒谬地;
adj.
adv.
4. absurd adj. 荒谬的; 荒唐的
It is absurd to do ... 做什么是荒谬的/荒唐的
It is absurd that ... ... 是荒谬的/荒唐的
ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的
adj.
同
5. dignity [ d ɡn ti]: n. 庄重; 庄严; 尊严
with dignity: 有尊严地
名
This award must be shared with everyone who strives for justice and dignity. The robot always treated her with dignity.
I wanted to bring her home and let her die ____________.
我想带她回家，让她有尊严的死去。
with dignity
6. persuade v.使相信，使信服; 劝说，说服
We had managed to persuade them that it was worth working with us.
Jack is so stubborn that I'm afraid I can't persuade him to change/into changing his mind.
You should try to persuade your father out of drinking because it does harm to his health.
6. persuade v.使相信，使信服; 劝说，说服
1.使相信，使信服
persuade sb.that... 使某人相信/信服….
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信/信服某事物
2.劝说，说服
persuade sb. to do/（into doing） sth.
说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do/（out of doing） sth.
说服某人不做某事
persuasive adj.有说服力的，令人信服的
persuasion n. 说服，劝说
V
形
动
名
Exercises
①She persuaded me __________( join)the poetry society and her words fired me with enthusiasm for literature.
②We finally persuaded Tom______the wisdom of the decision.
③My father advised my sister to go to a dental school，and she was reached（打动）by his_______
at last, because his words were so___________.(persuade)
to join
of
persuasion
persuasive
7. appointment n. 预约; 约会; 委任
1)She made an appointment for her daughter to see the doctor.
2)I have an appointment with my boss.
3)His appointment is a complete surprise --- he is just a civilian.
7. appointment n. 预约; 约会; 委任
appoint v.任命; 委任; 约定
appoint sb to be/as 任命某人为
appoint sb to do sth. 委派某人做某事
appointed adj. 约定的
keep/make an appointment 守约/预约
have an appointment with… 和…约会 (办事情等)
have a date with… 和…约会 (情人之间)
V
形
动
名
Exercises
1.Kate________________as secretary last month. Now she is making an______________with the marketing manager.(appoint)
2. If you are invited to dinner,you are supposed to arrive no later than the ___________(appoint) time.
3.A new engineer was appointed_________(deal) with the products returned by customers.
was appointed
appointment
appointed
to deal
8. guilty adj. 内疚的; 有罪的; 有过失的
guilt n. 内疚; 犯罪; 罪行
be/feel guilty about... 对...感到内疚/到惭愧
find/prove someone guilty: 认定/证明某人有罪
innocence n. 天真; 单纯; 无罪
innocent adj. 天真无邪的; 无辜的; 无恶意的
形
名
反
9. suspend vt. 悬; 挂; 暂停; 暂缓
1)The company has to suspend the space exploration project due to financial problems.
2)A lamp/fan is suspended from the ceiling.
= A lamp/fan hangs from the ceiling.
3)The body was found suspended by a rope.
9. suspend vt. 悬; 挂; 暂停; 暂缓
suspension n.暂缓；延迟；延期；暂停
hang v. 吊; 悬挂 (hung) (用主动表被动)
stop v. 使停止; 停下; 停止
pause v.暂停; 停顿
delay v. 延迟; 延期; 推迟
postpone v.延迟; 延期
put off 推迟; 拖延
名
同
10. dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开; 解散; 解雇; 消除
1)I was so pleased to hear the bell ring and our teacher announce, “Class is dismissed.”
2)If you don't work hard, you'll be dismissed from the company.
3)The doctor's explanation cannot
dismiss their doubt.
10. dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开; 解散; 解雇; 消除
dismiss the class 下课
dismiss sb. for...因…解雇某人
dismiss sb. from one's post/position
免去某人的职务
dismiss/fire/lay off/ sb 解雇某人
hire/employ sb 雇用某人
V
V
同
①The professor dismissed the class early because she had a meeting. ②Let's not just dismiss the idea before we think about it. ③As a consequence of your laziness and rudeness,I am forced to dismiss you.
Exercises
解散
解雇，开除
Tom______________________for dishonesty last month.
上个月汤姆因不诚实而被解雇。
__________
__________
__________
不予考虑
was dismissed from his job
11. declare vt. 表明; 宣称; 公布
1)He declared his intention to become the best golfer in the world.
2)The government has declared a state of emergency.
3)The USA declared war on Japan on December 8,1941.
V
11. declare vt. 表明; 宣称; 公布
declaration n.宣称；宣布；公告
declare war on… 向…宣战
declare on 宣布
declare for 表明赞成（拥护）
announce v. 宣布; 宣告; 通知; 声称; 宣称
claim v. 宣称; 声称; 索取
V
n
同
Exercises
1.The moment Linda______________(declare)the winner of the English speech competition, she jumped with joy.
2.As witnesses to the accident, we were asked to make a____________(declare ) of what we had seen.
3.The teacher declared Wang Fei_______(be) monitor of the class.
was declared
declaration
to be
12. presume vt. & vi. 假设; 假定; 认为
presumption n. 假设; 假定
assume v. 设想; 假定; 认为
suppose v. 假定; 假设; 认为 (正式)
suppose/supposing/assuming/provided/
providing + that句子…: 假如; 假定
名
同
Exercises
翻译句子
★1)Supposing that she doesn't come, we will still go.
★2) Supposing he is absent, what shall we do
★3)We presumed (that) he understood all the rules.。
13. take over 占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手
1)In science fiction stories, robots often become superior and take over.
2)Will robots take over from human beings in the future
4)They planned to take over the airport.
13. take over 占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手
take over from ... 占上风; 取而代之
take over... from ... 接管; 接手
take up 学着做,开始做；占据（空间）；占用（时间）
take on 呈现；承担（责任）；雇佣
take in 吸入；理解；欺骗
take down 记下；拆除
take off 脱下；起飞；休假；迅速成功
Exercises
①Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city _______a new look.
②Briggs will _____________from Mitchell as general manager when he retires.
③To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ____________ cycling after he retired from school.
took on
took up
take over
14. fall away（逐渐）减少，消失;脱落
1. The sales of cold drinks usually fall away in winter.
2. If you take this medicine, all your pains will fall away.
3. The paint is falling away from the sides of the house.
V
14. fall away（逐渐）减少，消失;脱落
reduce v. 减少; 缩小; 降低
decrease v. 减少; 降低
decline v. 减少;下降; 衰落; 衰竭
disappear v. 消失; 失踪; 灭绝; 消亡
fall behind 落后
fall apart 破碎;（关系）破裂
fall down 跌倒;倒塌
fall over 被…绊倒
fall on/upon… （责任）落在……
fall off （从……上）掉下;脱落身上;适逢
同
配
①On the bathroom ceiling, some pieces of plaster（灰泥）had________________.
②Despite a strong performance in the beginning, he___________in the second half of the race and finished last.
③ My birthday _________ a Monday this year, when we had a final exam.
2.翻译句子
His supporters fell away as his popularity declined.
Exercises
fallen away/off
fell behind
fell on
15. division n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)
1)The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky，but soon there was division between night and day.
2)I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of seven.
3)72 divided by 8 is 9 .
divide [d va d]：v. 分开; 分割; 除以
divide…into…: 把…分成...
separate …from…:把…和…分开
do division: 做除法
动
V
15. division n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)
名
a puff of...: 一缕; 一股; 一阵
run out of puff: 气喘吁吁
V
16. puff n. (烟、气等的)一缕; 少量; 喘息
翻译
A puff of wind blew the papers off the desk.
The hill was very steep and I soon ran out of puff .
17. urge n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动 vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
urge sb to do...: 敦促/催促/力劝某人做什么
urge sth. on sb. 极力主张某人某事
urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张；强调...
It is urged that ... (should) do sth. 坚决要求...
have an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
urgent adj.紧急的;紧迫的 urgency n.紧急；催促
V
V
N
变
17. urge n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动 vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
desire, suggest, propose, recommend, order / instruct / command, demand, request, require, ask, urge(强烈要求), insist(坚决要求), advocate(主张)等接that宾语从句时，从句用 should do/be 结构，should可省。
虚拟语气
V
①It is strongly urged by students that the library
______________(keep) open during the weekend.
学生们极力主张图书馆周末也开放。
②It is of great _________ (urge) that we need to make the relative laws with the rapid growth of online shopping.
随着网上购物的迅速发展，我们急需制定相关的法律。
Exercises
(should) keep
urgency
18. random: adj. 随机的; 不可思议的
randomly adv. 随机; 随意; 未加计划地
at random: 随意; 随机; 胡乱
V
19.explode v. 激增；爆炸；爆破
explosion n.爆炸；激增
explode into laughter 突然大笑
explode with anger 勃然大怒
go off: 爆炸;走火;离开
blow up: 爆炸; 炸毁
bomb [b m]: n. 炸弹
V
20. jolt n . 震动; 摇晃; 颠簸
shake (shook – shaken)
v. 摇动; 抖动; (使)颤动; 摇头
tremble
v. 颤抖; 哆嗦; 抖动; 战栗; 颤动; 轻轻摇晃
V
21. stun [st n]: vt. 使震惊; 使昏迷
stunned: adj. 震惊的; 惊愕的
stunning: adj. 令人震惊的/惊愕的
faint v./n. 昏厥
dizzy adj.头晕目眩的; 眩晕的
v. 使头晕眼花; 使发昏
V
22. overstatement n. 夸大; 夸张
statement: n. 说法; 声明; 陈述
state: v. 陈述; 说明; 声明
V