人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册Unit4Sharing单元词汇课件(71张ppt)

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名称 人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册Unit4Sharing单元词汇课件(71张ppt)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2022-05-11 20:36:49

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(共71张PPT)
选择性必修四第四单元词汇
PERSONAL REPORT
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parcel /'pɑ sl/n.包裹 vt.裹好;打包
1
jam /d m/ n.果酱;堵塞
1.果酱
The knives and forks were kept in a jam jar.刀叉原来放在一个果酱罐里.
2.拥挤,堵塞
There was such a jam of people that we couldn't get in.由于人多拥挤,我们无法进入.
3.困难的处境; 窘境
He's in an awful jam over his marriage.他因婚事而陷入极大的困境.
及物动词 vt.& 不及物动词 vi.
1.(使)塞紧,(使)挤满,使劲(往某处)挤(或压、塞)
Shoppers jammed the stores at Christmas time.圣诞节时购物的人挤满了商店.
2.发生故障; 夹住,卡住; (使)卡住,不能动弹,不能运转
The door has jammed.门卡住了.
The girl jammed her hand when she closed the drawer.那个女孩在关抽屉时夹了手.
3.即兴演奏
及物动词 vt.
1.堵塞; 塞入; 塞进; 挤进
The parade jammed traffic all over the town.
游行队伍阻塞了全市的交通.
2.(发射无线电波)干扰(信息,节目)
They were sent to jam the enemy's radio stations during the war.
战争期间他们被派去干扰敌人的电台.
2
jam /d m/ n.果酱;堵塞
3.即兴演奏
及物动词 vt.
1.堵塞; 塞入; 塞进; 挤进
The parade jammed traffic all over the town.游行队伍阻塞了全市的交通.
2.(发射无线电波)干扰(信息,节目)
They were sent to jam the enemy's radio stations during the war.战争期间他们被派去干扰敌人的电台.
2
mail /me l/ n.邮件;信件;邮政 vt.邮寄;发电邮给
mail 邮件 mail 锁子甲 mail 租金,合同
来自Proto-Germanic*malho,来自PIE*molko,皮袋,袋子。后引申词义旅行袋,信件袋,邮袋,最终用于指邮件。 来自古法语maille,铁丝网,锁子甲,来自拉丁语macula,斑点,网眼,词源同maculate,immaculate.因网眼形似一个个小斑点而引申该词义,最终用于指甲胄,即锁子甲。 来自中古英语male,租金,贡金,来自古英语mal,合同,协议,交易,来自Proto-Germanic*mathla,会面,来自PIE*mod,会面,集会,开会,词源同meet,moot.由会面引申词义讨论,协商,交易,协议,最后用于指租金,贡金。该词义现仅见于blackmail.拼写比较nail,rail.
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secondary/'sek ndri/ adj.中学的;次要的
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clay /kle / n.黏土;陶土
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dust /d st/ n.沙土;灰尘 vi. &vt.擦灰
dusty /'d sti/adj.布满灰尘的
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weed /wi d/ n.杂草;野草vt. & vi.除杂草
1. 中文解释:杂草,野草 记忆方法:发音想成“无益的”
2. 【口诀】贫农发家史 地下播下seed(种子) 种出却是weed(杂草) 只能当作feed(饲料) 生存无法proceed(继续) 冒险去采seaweed(海带) 脚被刺伤bleed(流血) 拼命加快speed(速度) 回来销售succeed(成功) 见财心生greed(贪婪)
3. 【口诀】养鸽子 签下deed(契约) 把飞鸽feed(喂养) 有何need(需要) 大量玉米seed(种子) 微量weed(杂草) 另外heed(注意) 它的每feed(一餐)
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chorus /'k r s/n.合唱曲;合唱团 vt.合唱;齐声说
a chorus of齐声;异口同声
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cotton /'k tn/ n.棉布;棉花
【词源】历史上有过许许多多种类的布。很早以前,古埃及人把他们织的一种布叫作al-quton;西班牙人吸收了这个词,把它写作algodont和coton;法国人吸收了coton,意指“棉布”。1400年,这个词进入了中古英语,后来又加进了字母“t”,成了今天的cotton。这个词在现代英语中主要作“棉花”讲,但也仍可作“棉布”解。
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not to mention更不用说;且不说
It was both deliberate and malicious, not to mention clever.
这件事是处心积虑、早有预谋的,更不用说其手段的高明。
We can't afford a bicycle, let alone a car.
我们连自行车也买不起, 更不用说汽车了.
He's the best shot in the world, let alone in England.
他是世界上最好的射击手, 更不用说在英国了.
She can speak German and French, not to speak of English.
她能说德语和法语, 更不用说英语了.
The baby can't even walk, much less run.
这婴儿连走都不会, 更不用说跑了.
10
tablet /'t bl t/n.平板电脑;便笺本;药片
table
stable
stability
pill
capsule
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rubber /'r b (r)/n.橡皮;黑板擦;橡胶
rubber trees 橡胶树
rubber band 橡皮筋
rubber tyres 轮胎
rubber=eraser
razor
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washroom/'w ru m/ n.洗手间;厕所
restroom
toilet
water closet
loo
bathroom
piss
pee
poo
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rigid /'r d d/ adj. 死板的;固执的
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bubble/'b bl/ vi.起泡;沸腾
【词源】源自 中古英语 bubelen [冒泡],主要是源自婴儿芭芘咿呀学语的声音,babby
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tube /tju b/ n.管子;管状物
【词源】来自拉丁语 tubus, 管子,管道,词源同 tuba.
tube与subway,underground及metro都表示地铁
tube 英式英语
London TUBE 伦敦地铁
Underground 英式英语,地铁
London Underground 伦敦地铁
Sound Of The Underground地铁的声音
subway ,美式英语,即underpass (过马路的)地道
metropolitan ----metro
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chemist /'kem st/n.化学家;药剂师;药房
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chemical [ kem k( )l] adj.化学的;关于化学的
chemist [ kem st] n.药剂师;化学家
biochemical [,ba 'kem k( )l] adj.生物化学的
chemistry [ kem str ] n.化学
shade / e d/ vt.给…遮挡(光线);加灯罩;把...涂暗n.阴凉处;灯罩;阴影部分
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shade [ e d] n.荫;阴凉处vt. 遮住光线
shadow [ d ] n.阴影;影子
jaw /d / n. 额;下巴
1. He was stunned by the news of her death.听到她的死讯,他很震惊。
2. I was struck dumb with fear.我吓得说不出话来。
3. He was paralyzed with terror.他吓呆了。
4. My jaw dropped when I see how much the meal have cost.看到那顿饭要花这么多钱,我大吃一惊。
5. I was awestruck that anyone could be so beautiful.我很惊奇居然有那么漂亮的人。
6. They watched it with mouth wide open.他们目瞪口呆地看着。
7. He gaped at the girl for a few seconds.他目瞪口呆,盯了那女孩一会儿。
8. It's beyond me why Mary wants to marry John!我觉得很意外,玛丽竟然愿意嫁给约翰。
9. When I heard the name of the winner, you could have knocked me down with a feather.
听到获胜者的名字,我大吃一惊。
10. Her death was a bolt from the blue to him.她的死讯对他来说无异于晴天霹雳。
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wrinkle /'r kl/ vt. & vi.(使脸上)起皱纹;皱起 n.皱纹
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forehead/'f hed; 'f r d/ n. 额;前额
foreseeable:fore=for(变化型)=before forearm:前臂;
forebear :祖先=ancestor=forefather; foredoom: vt. 注定;预定命运n. 预定的命运;
forefinger:食指; forefront:最前面,最前线;
foregoing:前面的,前述的; foregone:前面的,既往的;
foreground:前景; foreknowledge:预知,先知
foretell:预言,预测 foresee先知,预兆
foreshadow:预示,预兆 foresight:先见之明;远见,深谋远虑
foreman:工头,领班 foremost:最先的,首要的;首先
forerun:为...先驱,超越 forestall:先发制人,垄断
foretaste:预尝;先试 forethought:事先的考虑,预谋
foretime:往昔 forewarn:预先警告
foreword:前言,序 forward:向前的,前部的
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hut/h t/ n.简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)
【词源】来自古法语 hutte, 村舍,来自 PIE * skeu, 隐藏,遮盖,词源同 hide,house. 后该词用于指简陋的小棚,小舍, house 用于指屋子,大型建筑物。
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housing /ha z / n.住房;住宅
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platform/'pl tf m/ n.平台;站台;舞台
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fireplace/'fa ple s/ n.壁炉
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saucer /'s s (r)/n. 茶碟;杯托
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kettle /'ketl/ n.(烧水用的)壶;水壶
1、Full of the joys of spring非常高兴,充满喜悦2、Hot under the collar怒气冲冲,局促不安
3、You’ve sold it to me.我完全信任你。 4、Crash course速成课
5、Wash your dirty linen in public家丑外扬 6、Cyberchondric上网自诊狂
7、Photobomb抢镜头 8、Eat your heart out(玩笑话)比你强多了
9、Rolling in it财源滚滚,腰缠万贯 10、Bottle勇敢,勇气
11、On the box上演的电视节目 12、To be fair说句公道话
13、Frenemy友敌 14、Reinvent the wheel浪费时间做无用功
15、Brass neck厚脸皮 16、A different kettle of fish截然不同的事
17、La-la land想法不切实际 18、To cut your teeth初次尝试做某事
19、At the drop of a hat毫不犹豫地 20、Suck it and see试试看
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pan /p n/ n. 平底锅;烤盘
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jar/d ɑ (r)/ n.罐子;坛子
a storage jar广口贮藏瓶a jar of coffee一罐咖啡a water jar水缸
Do you fancy a jar after work 下班后去喝一杯怎么样?
The fall gave him a nasty jar.这一跤把他摔得好厉害。
The jolt seemed to jar every bone in her body.这震动似乎把她浑身上下每根骨头都弄疼了。
The spade jarred on something metal.铁锹撞在什么金属物件上发出刺耳的声音。
His constant moaning was beginning to jar on her nerves.他不停的呻吟使她焦躁不安起来。
There was a jarring note of triumph in his voice.他声音里含有一种烦人的扬扬得意的口气。
Her brown shoes jarred with the rest of the outfit.她那双棕色的鞋与她的衣着不协调。
...yellow cucumbers in great glass jars.存放在大玻璃罐里的黄瓜
She opened up a glass jar of plums.她打开了装满梅子的玻璃罐。
...two jars of filter coffee.两罐滴漏式咖啡
They had a few jars together.他们一起喝了几杯。
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ripe /ra p/ adj. 成熟的;时机成熟的
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grill /ɡr l/ n.烤架;烤肉餐馆
Grill the sausages for ten minutes.把香肠烤十分钟。grilled bacon烤咸肉grilled meat and shrimp烤肉和烤虾
They grilled her about where she had been all night.他们盘问她整个夜晚待在什么地方。
Harry's Bar and Grill哈里烤肉酒吧
The police grilled him for hours.警察盘问了他几个小时。
Grill your travel agent about the facilities for families with children...请仔细询问旅行代办人会为带孩子的家庭提供何种设施。
Apart from peppers and aubergines, many other vegetables grill well.除了辣椒和茄子,很多其他蔬菜也十分适于烧烤。
Grill the meat for 20 minutes each side...将肉的每一面各烤20分钟。
Place the omelette under a gentle grill until the top is set.将煎蛋饼放在烤架下用文火烘烤,直到表面凝固。
Come about 4 o'clock. We'll have cocktails and grill steaks.请四点钟左右来, 我们喝鸡尾酒,吃烤牛排.
We ordered grill sea food for two person, but seemed too much for us.我们点了两人份的烤海鲜, 但是量太多吃不完.
Bake, broil, grill or roast foods rather than fry them.烘 、 烤 、 烧烤或烘烤而不要油炸食物.
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doorway/'d we / n.门口;出入口;门道
She stood in the doorway for a moment before going in.她在门口站了一会儿才进去。
homeless people sleeping in shop doorways露宿商店门口无家可归的人
Hannah looked up to see David and another man standing in the doorway...
汉娜抬头看见戴维和另一个男的站在门口。
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leftover/'left v (r)/ adj.吃剩的;残留的 n.吃剩的食物;
He's a leftover from the hippies in the 1960s.他是20世纪60年代嬉皮士的残余分子。
Use any leftover meat to make a curry.要是有剩肉就做咖喱菜。
Refrigerate any leftovers...把剩菜放进冰箱里。
The only food I ever got was the family's leftovers.我所得到的唯一食物就是这家人的残羹剩饭。
Leftover chicken makes a wonderful salad.剩下的鸡肉可做成一盘美味色拉。
...a leftover from the time our planet was first formed...我们这个星球形成之初的遗迹
He dragged a foot when he walked, a leftover from polio.他走路时一瘸一拐的,那是小儿麻痹的后遗症。
He can eat my leftover.吃我吃剩的东西.
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handshake /'h nd e k/ n.握手
1)动词、副词颠倒位置并直接相连。如:
  income 收入,收益
  intake 吸入,摄入
  onset 攻击,袭击
  outcome 结果,成果
  outlook 观点,前景
  output 产量
  overthrow 推翻,打倒
  overlook 眺望,观察
  upkeep 维修,保养
  upset 混乱,心烦意乱
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handshake /'h nd e k/ n.握手
2)动词、副词直接相连。如:
blowup 爆炸
  comeback 复原、复辟
  breakdown 损坏,故障
  cutoff 近路,切下的东西
  falloff 下降
  lookout 注意,监视哨
  makeup 组成,补充
  runaway 逃跑,逃亡
  runout 逃开,避开
  setup 机构,体制
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handshake /'h nd e k/ n.握手
3)动词、副词用连字符连接。如:
  come-up 诱惑物,骗子
  get-out 脱身,逃跑
  get-together 联欢会
  put-off 推迟,搪塞
  put-on 假装,欺骗
  run-through 浏览,概要
  stand-by 靠山,支持者
  take-in 欺骗
  take-off 起飞,出发点
  work-up 病情的检查
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handshake /'h nd e k/ n.握手
4) 副词与动词用连字符连接。如:
  by-pass 旁道,支流
5) 动词 -ing 形式与副词分开。如:
  coming in 进入,开始
  comings in (常用复数)收入
6)动词 -ing 形式与副词由连字符连接。如:
  bringing-up 养育,抚养
  goings-on (复)举动,行为
  going-over 痛打,痛骂
  setting-up (无线电)调定
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handshake /'h nd e k/ n.握手
7) 副词与动词 -ing 形式直接相连。如:
  incoming 进来,(复)收入
  ingoing 进入
  onlooking (袖手)旁观
  outfighting 远距离作战
  outgiving 公开声明,公开发言
  outgoing 外出,(复)支出,开销
  outpouring 倾泻
  upbringing 抚育,养育
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handshake /'h nd e k/ n.握手
8) 副词与动词 -ing 形式用连字符连接。如:
  on-goings (复)(常指古怪的)事件,行为
  out-clearing 票据交换额
9) (不规则)动词的过去分词与副词直接相连。如:
  leftover 剩余物,吃剩的饭
10) (不规则)动词的过去分词与副词用连字符相连。如:
  grown-up 成年人
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handshake /'h nd e k/ n.握手
11) 副词与(不规则)动词的过去分词直接相连。如:
  ingot 锭
  upshot 结果,结局
12) 副词与(不规则)动词的过去分词用连字符连接。如:
  by-gone 过去的事情,往事
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drag /dr ɡ/ vt.拖;拽vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
【词源】来自 PIE * dhragh, 拉,词源同 draw, tractor.
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privilege /'pr v l d / n.优惠待遇;特权
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plug /pl ɡ/ vt.封堵;补足n.堵塞物;插头;插座
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disabled /d s'e bld/adj.有残疾的;丧失能力的
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resign /r 'za n/vi.&vt.辞职;辞去
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deserve /d 'z v/vt.值得;应得;应受
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lately /'le tli/ adv.最近;不久前;近来
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input /' np t/n.情况;信息;投入;输入 vt.输入
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tune /tju n; NAmE tu n/ n.曲调;曲子vt.调音;调节;调频道
monotone[ mɑn to n] [mono- 一,独,单一 + ton 音调 + -e 后缀 → ] n. & adj.单调,单调的
monotonous[m nɑ t n s]adj.(声音,话语)单调的,无抑扬顿挫的; 枯燥无味的
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contract /'k ntr kt/ vt.感染(疾病);与……订立合同(或契约)n.合同;契约
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grant/ɡrɑ nt; ɡr nt / vt.同意;准许n.拨款
take for granted认为……是理所当然;对……不予重视
【词源】来自拉丁语 credens (相信),从这个词源中能发现其最初词根是 cred “相信”。单词 grant 和词根 cred 含音变关系: g / c 清浊辅音音变, a / e 元音音变, t / d 清浊辅音音变, grant 里的 n 是鼻音化现象,可体会其整体音似。所以词源上,授予这一行为中包含了对对方的信任。
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cardiac/'kɑ d k/ adj.心脏病的;心脏的
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circuit /'s k t/n. 巡回;环形线路
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disability/ d s 'b l ti / n.缺陷;障碍
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consultation/ k ns l'te n/ n.咨询;咨询会
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capsule /'k psju:l/n.胶囊;太空舱
tablet
pill
stable
stability
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relay /'ri le ;NAmE r 'le / vt.转发;转播n.接力赛;接班的人
relay to转达给……;转发给……
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criterion /kra 't ri n/ n. (pl. criteria /-ri /) 标准;准则;原则
【词源】来自 PIE * krei, 区分,筛选,判断,词源同 crime, crisis. 即区分的关键,标准。词根词缀: -crit- 判断 , 决定 + -er 名词词尾 + -ion 名词词尾
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stability/st 'b l ti / n.稳定(性);稳固(性)
1、adsorbability[ d,s rb 'b l ti]n. 吸附力
例:The adsorbability of new resin XF-2 to phenol was studied in detail.
详细研究了新型吸附树脂XF-2对酚的吸附性能。
例:Discuss emphatically on the process of electrostatics flocking of activated carbon fiber and itsadsorbability. 重点讨论活性炭纤维植绒的工艺及其吸附性能。
2、affability[, f 'b l ti]n. 亲切;和蔼;殷勤
例:It promotes affability and affection. 它能增进亲切感和爱意。
Lady Catherine was reckoned proud by many people he knew, but he had never seen anything but affability in her.据他所知,多少人都认为咖苔琳夫人为人骄傲,可是他只觉得亲切。
3、advisability[ d,va z 'b l ti]n. 明智;可劝性;适当
例:Advisability means to gain the best goal with the best method.
明智指的是用最好的办法去追求最好的目标。
This is not impossible , but i have doubts about the advisability of tackling additional complexstructural issues at this time.这并非不可能,但我怀疑现在是否适当时机,来处理额外的复杂的结构性问题。
4、alterability[, :lt r 'bil ti]n. 可更改性,可变更性
例:It is revealed that the montmorillonite interlayer space has the essence of alterability based on the alterability of montmorillonite interlayer space. 从蒙脱石层间域具有可改造性出发,揭示了蒙脱石层间域具有可改造性的本质。
5、applicability[, pl k 'b l ti]n. 适用性;适应性
例:For these advantages, it has a wide applicability. 这些优点使它具有广泛的适用性。
We have no evidence at all to confirm or contradict the applicability of thermodynamics to the universe as a whole.我们还毫无证据足以肯定或否定热力学在整个宇宙中的适用性。
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pray /pre / vi. &vt.企盼;祈祷
pray that 但愿
【词源】来自古法语 preier, 祈祷,祈求,来自拉丁语 precari, 乞求,
要求,恳求,来自 PIE * prek, 要求,恳求
Please pray for us. 请为我们祈祷。
I’ll remember you in my prayers.我会不时为你祈祷。
I’ll pray for you.我会为你祈祷。
I’ll keep you in my prayers.我会继续为你祈祷。
May all your wishes come true.愿你所有的希望成真
Everything is going wrong. This is really not my day!什么事儿都出错,我今天真是流年不利!
Nothing went right!没哪件事情做对了。
He’s up the creek without a paddle.他祸不单行。( 如同逆水行舟,还少了一只桨划水。)
He’s got a flat and no jack.他屋漏偏逢连夜雨。
It never fails! I just washed and waxed the car and now it’s raining!真准啊!每次我洗好车打好蜡天就下雨。
It never fails. 事与愿违。(Thins always go contrary to our expectation.)
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hypothetical/ ha p 'θet kl/ adj.假设的;假定的
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再看,老头就真的老啦
对单词文化
的理解
Understanding
of word culture
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会说话的单词
词源文化
破译单词密码
还原单词真相
美丽
Advice to the
beauty
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