中考第一轮复习之_非谓语动词

课件37张PPT。第31课　非谓语动词真题体验( )1. My pen pal Andrew found it difficult ________
Chinese well. (2012滨州)
A. learning B. learn
C. to learn D. learnedC真题体验( )2. Mr. Li asks the students ________ in the river,
because it's too dangerous. (2012重庆)
A. swim B. to swim
C. not to swim D. to not swimB真题体验( )3. Mom makes me eat an apple every day ________
thedoctor away. (2012杭州)
A. keeps B. is kept
C. to keep D. keptC真题体验( )4. Jeremy Lin ________ an unknown basketball player
in New York Knicks for quite a long time.
(2012连云港)
A. used to be B. used to being
C. is used to be D. was used to beA真题体验( )5. China plans to let tourist ________ the Xisha
Islands in the South China Sea this year. (2012临沂)
A. visit B. visits
C. visiting D. visitedA考点解读 中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1. 动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2. 动名词和动词不定式作主语宾语；
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4. 动词不定式作目的状语；
5. 固定短语搭配。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。
动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。 考点解读 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。考向聚焦热点考向一　动词不定式作主语 1. 作主语的动词不定式常用it替代，动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋(not) to do 做某事怎么样。在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，用of。如：
It's easy to get lost in a big city like Tokyo.在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。
It is dangerous for children to swim alone. 对孩子来说，独自游泳是危险的。
It is kind of you to help me mend the computer. 帮我修电脑，你真好！考向聚焦【例1】　It is very important for us ________ English
well. (2011宜宾)
A. learn B. learning
C. to learn D. learned
解析：It＋be＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do 对某人来说，
做某事怎么样。C考向聚焦热点考向二　动词不定式作宾语、表语和宾语补足语 1. 作宾语。
动词＋to＋动词原形。常见的这类动词有：would like, want, love, need, try, ask, learn, begin, start, forget, remember, agree, fail, allow, decide, afford, wish, hope, plan, hate, choose, expect等。如：
Indians like to eat hot food.印度人喜欢吃辣味食品。
有的动词不定式在作带有补足语的宾语时，前面往往带有形式宾语it。如：
Do you think it necessary for us to learn to wait？你认为学会等待对我们来说有必要吗？ 考向聚焦 注：一些不带to的动词不定式有：why not do..., had better(not) do..., would rather do, could/would/will you please(not) do...等。如：
You'd better finish the work before Monday. 你最好星期一前完成工作。
2. 作表语。
如：It seems to be an interesting book.它看起来是本有趣的书。
3. 作宾语补足语。不定式作宾补与宾语逻辑上有主谓关系。常跟动词不定式作宾补的谓语动词有：tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage等。如：
He told me not to bring you anything.他叫我不要给你带任何东西。 考向聚焦 Who taught you to play the music？谁教你弹这支曲子的？
注：还有一些使役动词和感官动词后也接不定式作宾补，但不定式要省略to。这些动词有：hear, let, make, have, see, watch, notice等。但这些动词变为被动语态时，须加to。如：
I saw the man go into the shop. 我看见这个男人进入这家店。
The man was seen to go into the shop. 这男人被看见进入这家店。考向聚焦【例2】　Drivers shouldn't be allowed ________ after
drinking, or they will break the law. (2012咸宁)
A. drive B. driving
C. to drive D. to be driven
解析：be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事。C考向聚焦【例3】　Look! Some of our classmates are flying kites
over there. Let's ________ them. (2012来宾)
A. join B. to join
C. joins D. joined
解析：let sb. do让某人做某事。A考向聚焦【例4】　Our teacher told us ________ carefully in class.
(2012桂林)
A. listen B. to listen
C. listened D. listens

解析：tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某事做某事。B考向聚焦热点考向三　动词不定式作定语和状语 1. 作定语。
动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
如：In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to do.在梦里我总是做一些艰苦的工作。
2. 作状语。
(1)表示目的。
如：In his third year，he left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft.在三年级时，他为了去微软公司 工作而离开了哈佛大学。 考向聚焦 (2)表示结果。
动词不定式作状语表示结果时常与副词too或enough连用。
如：It's too heavy to carry.太重了，搬不动。
3. 和某些形容词连用。
和动词不定式经常连用的形容词有sure, ready, happy, sorry, afraid等。
如：I'm sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打扰你了。
4. 和疑问词who, what, when, where, which, how构成不定式短语作宾语。
如：I don't know how to use a computer.我不知道怎样使用计算机。考向聚焦【例5】　________ English well, one must have a lot of
practice. (2012聊城)
A. Speaks B. To speak
C. Spoken D. Speak
解析：句意：为了学好英语，必须有大量的练习。
动词不定式作目的状语。B考向聚焦【例6】　Whenever you have a chance ________ English,
you should take it. (2011河北)
A. speak B. to speak
C. spoke D. speaks
解析：a chance to speak English 一个说英语的
机会。动词不定式做定语。B考向聚焦热点考向四　动名词作主语和宾语 1. 作主语。谓语动词为单数。如：Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对你的健康有害处。
2. 作宾语。如：More and people like shopping on the Internet. 越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。
注：初中阶段常跟动名词的动词：like喜欢；enjoy喜欢；finish完成；keep保持；mind介意；spend花费；practice练习；stop停止；suggest建议；consider考虑；be worth值得等。考向聚焦【例7】　I'm looking forward to ________ (meet) my old
friend, Jim, this Sunday. (2012宿迁)meeting【例8】　I think his idea is worth __________ (consider)．
(2012徐州)considering领悟语法Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. ________ energy, turn off the hot water after you
take a shower. (2012包头)
A. Save B. Saving
C. Saved D. To save
解析：考查动词不定式。动词不定式做目的状语。故选D。D领悟语法( )2. —________ a volunteer is great.
—I think so. Some of us want ________ volunteers
for the London Olympics. (2011黄岗)
A. Being; being B. To be; being
C. Being; to be D. To be; to be
解析：考查动名词做主语及动词不定式做宾语。句意：做为一个志愿者是伟大的。动名词being a volunteer 做主语；want后接动词不定式to be 做宾语。故选C。C领悟语法( )3. —They said sorry to me, but I wouldn't listen.
—It is foolish of you ________ others for their
mistakes. (2011苏州)
A. forgive B. not forgive
C. to forgive D. not to forgive
解析：考查句式。动词不定式做主语。句式：It＋be＋adj.＋of sb.＋not to do 某人……，不做某事。句意为：你真笨，不原谅别人的错误。故选D。D领悟语法( )4. It's very nice ________ you ________ my parents
your best wishes. (2011无锡)
A. of; sending B. of; to send
C. for; to send D. for; sending
解析：部分考生误选C。 It's＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.某人做某事怎么样，句中的形容词表示人的性格或品质；It's＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事怎么样。句意：你向我的父母问好，真好。句中nice指人的品质。故选B。B领悟语法( )5. Try to sing some English songs, you'll find it
interesting ________ a foreign language.
(2011广东)
A. learning B. learns
C. learn D. to learn
解析：考查句式。find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.意为“发现做某事是……”。故选D。D领悟语法( )6. —We can go to Jinan Railway Station by bus.
—Why not ________ there for a change？
(2011新疆)
A. try walking B. trying to walk
C. to try and walk D. to try walking
解析：考查句式。“Why not...？”意为“为什么不……呢？”用来表示建议，后接动词原形。故选A。A领悟语法( )7. —Excuse me, could you tell me how ________ to
Beijing Zoo?
—Well, you may take Bus No. 27. (2011北京)
A. get B. gets
C. getting D. to get
解析：考查动词不定式。疑问词＋不定式，在句中作宾语。句意：如何到达北京动物园。故选D。D领悟语法( )8. He told us that where ________ a picnic was not
decided yet. (2011包头)
A. having B. to have
C. have D. had
解析：考查动词不定式。不定式做宾语补足语。句意：他告诉我还没有决定去什么地方野炊。故选B。B领悟语法( )9. Plan your time carefully and make sure you have
some time ________ what you like every day.
(2011盐城)
A. do B. to do　
C. doing D. done
解析：考查动词不定式。不定式作定语。句意：仔细安排你的时间，并确保你每天有做你喜欢的事情的时间。故选B。B领悟语法( )10. —Do you know Neil Armstrong?
—Yes. He is the first man ________ on the moon.
A. walk B. walks
C. to walk D. walked
解析：考查动词不定式。句意：在月球上行走的第一个人。动词不定式做定语；the＋序数词＋to do是固定句式。故选C。C领悟语法Ⅱ. 词汇运用
1. It is impolite to ______ (指) at anyone with your
chopsticks while eating meals. (2012滨州)
2. Good sleep helps the body and brain grow and ________
(发展)． (2012日照)
3. As a citizen, we mustn't do anything _________ (违反)
the law. (2012扬州)
4. Mr. Wu always spends a lot of time __________ (解释)
thing to us. (2012扬州)
5. Nothing can prevent us from ________ (realize) our
dreams. (2012恩施)pointdevelopto breakexplainingrealizing领悟语法6. It's necessary for us ____________ (understand) the
importance of health care. (2012宿迁)
7. Peter turned off the computer after he finished _______
(write) an e-mail. (2012滨州)
8. What do you want _____ (be) when you grow up?
9. Don't always make your little sister ____ (cry).
10. The water is too hot ________ (drink)．to understandwritingto becryto drink领悟语法Ⅲ. 根据中文意思填写单词
I have a friend 1. ______(叫) Marsha, and she used to
smoke cigarettes.
She began smoking at the age of 13. She mixed with the
wrong group and she thought they were cool because they
smoked, and in order to 2. ___ (是) cool and be friends with
them, she had to smoke, too.
Soon after, she moved near me in Chicago. We became
friends. One day on our way home, she started 3. ________
(吸烟). I asked her why and she told me how she first started. calledbesmoking领悟语法I told her she should bring her grades up, not just to be cool
but to 4. ______(使) her parents happier, to make herself
cleverer, to make herself 5. ____(觉得) better, and most of
all, she could get a good education.
I decided to 6. ____(呆)with her every second, 7. ________
(扔) away her cigarettes whenever she went for one. Soon she
stopped 8. _________(吸烟)．
One day I happened to 9. ____(看见) her smoking again. I
told her she needed to 10. _______(选择) me or cigarettes. We
didn't talk for two days. Then she finally called and said she'd
never smoke again.
Now, it's already been a few months, and she is doing
better and doesn't smoke.makefeelstaythrowingsmokingseechoose完成考点跟踪训练 31