中考第一轮复习之_动词的语态

课件34张PPT。第30课　动词的语态 真题体验( )1. —Why is your bedroom so dirty?
—Sorry, Mum. It ________. I felt very tired
after playing soccer. (2012宁波)
A. isn't cleaned B. didn't clean
C. doesn't clean D. wasn't cleanedD真题体验( )2. In July, 2012, the 30th Olmpic Games ________ in
London. (2012衢州)
A. will be held B. be held
C. is held D. was heldA真题体验( )3. —Mum, when can I watch TV?
—As soon as your homework ________．(2012泰安)
A. finish B. finished
C. is finished D. will be finished　C真题体验( )4. The task ________ in an hour. Then we can go home
and have a good rest. (2012安徽)
A. was finished B. will be finished
C. has been finished D. can't be finished　B真题体验( )5. The room ________ every day. You can live in now.
(2012徐州)
A. cleans B. is cleaning
C. is cleaned D. has cleanedC考点解读 中考对动词语态的考查主要在不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。
动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。动词中，只有及物动词有被动语态。
在平常的英语交流中，较多使用的是主动语态，但在下列情况下，通常使用被动语态：
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。如：
The glass is broken. 玻璃杯破了。
Letters are collected at eight every morning. 信件每天早晨八点收取。考点解读 2. 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。如：
The desk was made by Master Wang. 这张课桌是王师傅做的。
The bag was taken away by his sister. 那个袋子是她姐姐提走的。
3. 在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：
I have a new motorbike. It was given to me as a birthday present by my father. 我有辆新摩托车。它是父亲送给我作为生日礼物的。考向聚焦热点考向一　常见时态的被动语态 1. 一般现在时：am/is/are ＋done
如： It is made in China.它是中国制造的。
2. 一般过去时： was/were ＋done
如： The bridge was built in 1980.这座桥建于1980年。
3. 一般将来时： will ＋be ＋done
如： She will be trained by her father.她将受训于她的
爸爸。
4. 情态动词： 情态动词＋ be ＋done
如： Work must be done in two days.工作必须在两天
内完成。考向聚焦 5. 现在完成时：have/has ＋been ＋done
如：The room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。考向聚焦【例1】　Today, computers are really helpful. They
________ everywhere.
A. use B. are used
C. used D. were used
解析：由前文可知此处为一般现在时。they指
computers，须用被动语态。B考向聚焦【例2】　I'm sure that stricter rules to control cigarette
smoking ________ very soon. (2012上海)
A. made B. will make
C. were made D. will be made
解析：由soon可知，此处为一般将来时。“rules规则”
作主语，须用被动语态。D考向聚焦【例3】　In the past few years, thousands of films
________ all over the world.(2012盐城)
A. have produced B. have been produced
C. are producing D. are being produced
解析：由“In the past few years在过去的几年里”可
知，此处为现在完成时。“films电影”作主语，须用被
动语态。B考向聚焦热点考向二　语态用法中的难点 1. 某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如：
This dictionary sells well.这种字典很好销售。
The woolen sweater costs $88. 这件羊毛衫卖88美元。
That car needs repairing.＝ That car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。
The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。
2. 主动语态中有些动词，如：make, see, listen, watch, feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to。如：
He made the boy work for him.→The boy was made to work for him. 这男孩被迫为他工作。考向聚焦 3. 动词短语变为被动语态时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如：
The baby was looked after by her sister. 这婴儿由她的姐姐照顾。
His plan was laughed at by everyone. 大家都嘲笑他的计划。
4. 形容词cheap, comfortable, dangerous, important, interesting, nice等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如：
A bicycle is cheap to run. 使用自行车是很经济的。
This question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。考向聚焦 5. 形容词worth后接动名词时，该动名词的主动形式表被动意义。如：
The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。考向聚焦【例4】　In recent years, the economy of our
country________ rapidly. (2012烟台)
A. is increased B. has increased
C. increased D. has been increased
解析：动词increase的主动表被动；由“in recent
years在最近的几年里”可知谓语动词须用现在完成
时。B领悟语法Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. Yaxi, a quiet village in Gaochun, ________ China's
first “Slow City” in November 2011. (2012南京)
A. names B. named
C. is named D. was named
解析：考查动词语态。“Yaxi一个村庄的名字”作主语须用被动语态。事情发生在“November 2011”须用过去时。故选D。D领悟语法( )2. Every year, more than 70，000，000 sharks
________ for their fins(鱼翅). (2012临沂)
A. were killed B. have killed
C. are killed D. will kill
解析：考查动词语态。“鲨鱼被杀”用被动语态；“every year每一年”须用一般现在时。故选C。C领悟语法( )3. When I called the bus service, I ________ that
there was not more bus. (2012绵阳)
A. was telling B. was told
C. has told D. had told
解析：考查动词语态。句意：我被告知没车了。由从句谓语动词“called”可知须用过去时。故选B。B领悟语法( )4. —Have you heard of Earth Day?
—Yes. The first Earth Day ________ in 1970 to
educate us to protect our plant. (2012河南)
A. celebrates B. celebrated
C. is celebrated D. was celebrated
解析：考查动词语态。句意：1970年，第一个地球日被庆祝，以此教育我们要保护地球。须用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。D领悟语法( )5. When will the birthday party ________， on
Monday evening or Tuesday evening？(2011徐州)
A. hold B. be held　
C. held D. be holding
解析：考查动词语态。birthday party和hold构成被动关系，所以为被动语态；由“will”可知，为一般将来时的被动语态。句意：什么时候举行生日聚会，是周一晚上还是周二晚上啊？故选B。B领悟语法( )6. It is true that knowledge ________ rather than
being taught. (2011烟台)
A. learns B. learned
C. is learned D. was learned
解析：考查动词语态。题干是一个说明客观真理的强调句，故从句要使用一般现在时，排除B和D。knowledge与learn构成被动关系，故“is learned”符合题意。C领悟语法( )7. These days students in some schools ________ not
to use mobile phones. (2011芜湖)
A. ask B. asked
C. are asked D. were asked
解析：考查动词语态。主语students是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态；根据these days可知用一般现在时被动语态。故选C。C领悟语法( )8. —Zongzi ________ to students for free in our
dining hall on Dragon Boat Festival.
—Really? That sounds cool! (2012咸宁)
A. offer B. have offered
C. are offered D. will be offered
解析：由下文“真的吗？听起来不错”可知“动作还未实施”，须用一般将来时；“Zongzi粽子”作主语，须用被动语态。故选D。D领悟语法( )9. Tony ________ to take part in the talk show on
CCTV-3 the day before yesterday. (2012孝感)
A. invites B. invited
C. is invited D. was invited
解析：“Tony被邀请参加……”，须用被动语态；由“the day before yesterday前天”可知，此处为一般过去时。故选D。D领悟语法( )10. Today a lot of information can ________ online.
(2011天津)
A. receive B. be received
C. is received D. receiving
解析：“information信息”作主语，须用被动语态；can后须接动词原形。故选B。B领悟语法Ⅱ. 词汇运用
1. English _________ (speak) by many people in the
world. (2012滨州)
2. —Is everybody here?
—No, sir. Jim _____________ (not arrive) yet. He is still
on the way.
3. You can come over now, but 10 minutes is all I can spare _______ (talk) with you. (2012无锡)
4. I'm sorry that I didn't answer your phone. I ____________ (listen) to music and didn't hear the ring.
(2012无锡)is spokenhasn’t arrivedto talkwas listening领悟语法5. The final result can ________ (find) on our website
by the end of this week. (2012无锡)
6. —Did the old soldiers from Taiwan enjoy the
welcome party last Friday?
—Yes. They were so excited to see their friends
again. Most of them ___________ (not see) each
other since 1949. (2012无锡)
7. Don't worry about your boy too much. His
temperature _________ (drop) back to normal if he
takes this medicine. (2012无锡)
8. The old computer ______ (break) down easily, so I
had to restart it again and again. (2012无锡)be foundhadn’t seenwill dropbroke领悟语法9. The sunlight we are all used to ________ (include)
seven different colors. (2012无锡)
10. The stone bridge _____________ (build) in our
hometown for ten years.includeshas been built领悟语法Ⅲ. 用所给动词的正确形式填空
The Christmas Present
Elizabeth lived with her six children in a small house. One winter, there was a big flood and quite a few houses
1. ____________ (wash) away, but Elizabeth's house was high enough to escape it.
Elizabeth took in one of the families which 2. _______
(lose) everything. She shared her home until the family could build another house. Elizabeth's friends could not
3. ____________ (understand) why she wanted to give so much when she already had so many children to support.were washedhad lostunderstand领悟语法 “Well，” Elizabeth explained to her friends, “at the
end of World War Ⅰ， there was a poor woman in a town
in Germany. Her husband 4. ______________ (kill) in the
war and she had a lot of children, just like me now.”
“The day before Christmas, this woman 5. ____ (say)
to her children, ‘We 6. _________ (be) able to have much
for Christmas. I'm going to get just one present for us all.
Now I'll go and get it，' She came back with a little girl
who 7. ______ (have) no parents. ‘Here 8. ______(be) our present，’ she said to her own children.”had been killedsaidwon’t behadis领悟语法 “The children were more than excited to 9. ____ (get)
such a present. They welcomed the little girl warmly, and
she grew up as their sister. I 10. ____ (be) that Christmas
present.”getwas完成考点跟踪训练 30