(共27张PPT)
第二章 语法专题突破
第六节 介词
课标要求
知识网络
考点预测
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02
03
考题剖析
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巩固练习
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01
课标要求
02
知识网络
常用介词的用法和比较
一、表示时间的介词
1.at、on和in
at“在”,表示时刻或时间的某一点,如at 8:00、at noon、at the age of 15等。
on“在”,用于星期、日期及某一天特定的早晨、下午或晚上前面,如on Sunday、on June 1st、on a cold winter day、on my birthday、on Saturday morning等。
in“在”,用来表示在比一天长的时间(如在某月、某季节、某年、某学期、某世纪等)或泛指在上午、下午或晚上,如in summer、in 2008、in August、in 21st century、in a few days、in the morning(afternoon、evening)等。
2.during、for、since和from
during“在……期间”,表示某一特定的时间,常与一般过去时连用,如during the summer holidays、during those 20 days等。It rained several times during the night.
for“(干了)多久”,指时间上的延续。如:He stayed there for a week.
since“自……以来”,后接时间起点,常与现在完成时连用。如:
The Blacks have lived here since 2000.
from“从……”,表示时间的起点,与to连用指动作起始时间与结束时间。如:
We go to school from Monday to Friday.
二、表示地点的介词
1.above、over和on
三个词都表示“在……上面”,但用法不同。
above 笼统地表示“在……的上方”或“高于某物”,但不一定指在正上方;over表示在某物的正上方;on表示两物表面有接触,一物在另一物的上面。如:
The plane is flying above the clouds.The shirt is hanging over the bed.
The pen is on the desk.
2.among和between
两个词均指“在……之中”,among用于三者或三者以上的人或同类事物之间;between指在两者或两个部分之间(也可用于众者之间)。如:
The village is among the mountains.
Between the factory and the school there is a wide road.
3.across和through
across指“从一边到另一边”“横过”“越过”事物的表面;through指“穿越”“通过”空间。如:Don’t walk across the street when the traffic light is red.
The students walk through the gate with their teachers.
4.in front of和in the front of
in front of在某人或某物的前面(物体外部);in the front of 在……的前部(物体内部)。如:There is a big garden in front of the house.
The teachers’ desk is in the front of the classroom.
5.beside、by和near
三个词都有“在……旁边”的意思,常可以互相换用。
beside既可以表示动态,也可以表示静态,表示靠近人时多用beside。如:
Who is walking beside you?Their house is beside(by) the river.
by与beside常可互换使用,表达靠近物体时多用by。如:She stood by his chair.
near表示“在……附近”时,比beside 和by 表示的距离稍远些。如:There is a tall tree near the house.
1.about表示“关于”“大约”;on 也有表示“关于”的意思。如:a book about animals;
About twenty thousand people attented the meeting.There is a book on physics.
2.by表示“通过……方式、手段”。如:
by bike/bus/train/subway/plane=on a bike/bus/train/subway/plane,by car=in a car
3.except表示“除了……以外”。如:Everybody is here except Xiao Li.
其他介词的用法
4.with表示“具有、带有”“和……一起”“用……工具”。如:
Miss Zhao came into the classroom with a smile.Cut the meat into pieces with a knife.
5.without表示“没有”。如:She went out without a word.
6.until和till都表示“直到……为止”。如:Please wait till eleven o’clock.
The meeting will last until nine.
7.before表示“(位置或时间)在……前面”。如:Let’s sit before the door.
There are only three days before the exam.
8.after表示“在……之后”。如:Spring comes after winter.
Please read this word after me.
9.around表示“在……周围”。如:We all sat around our teacher and listened to her.
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考点预测
1.介词的基本用法;
2.容易混淆的介词的辨析;
3.介词的固定搭配。
中考对介词的考查主要有:
04
考题剖析
05
巩固练习
B
C
D
B
D
A
B
B
C
B
本 课 结 束