Unit 8 A green world Grammar-江苏省盐城市亭湖区永丰初级中学八年级英语下册课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
8下 Unit 8
A green world
Grammar
Passive voice in the simple
future tense
孙悟空 打 白骨精 (执行者) (谓语动词的主动形式) (承受者)
白骨精 被 孙悟空 打
(承受者) (执行者)
被动语态
Preview
一般现在时或一般过去时态的主动语态和被动语态(要表达被…受…让…遭…之类的含义).
主动语态：主语+谓语+宾语.
被动语态：宾语+谓语+主语.
Students clean the classroom.
动作执行者 谓语动词主动形式 动作承受者
→The classroom is cleaned by students.
动作承受者 谓语动词被动形式 动作执行者
一般现在时的被动语态
Students cleaned the classroom.
动作执行者 谓语动词主动形式 动作承受者
→The classroom was cleaned by students.
动作承受者 谓语动词被动形式 动作执行者
一般过去时的被动语态
1.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如: Many people speak Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
2. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
例如:Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
被动语态的句型总结如下：
肯定句:主语+be+过去分词+(by…).
否定句:主语+be not +过去分词+(by..)
一般疑问句:be+主语+过去分词+（by…）？
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句+be+主语+过去分词+（by…)
被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词"构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 speak / speaks
一般过去时
spoke
am/is/are＋spoken
was/were＋spoken
1.We will plant apple trees tomorrow.
2.We will not plant apple trees tomorrow.
3.Will we plant apple trees tomorrow
4.Where will we plant apple trees tomorrow
肯定式: will / be going to + do
否定式: won’t / be not going to + do
疑问式: Will+主语 / be+主语+ going to + do
特殊疑问式: 疑问词 + will+主语 / be+主语+
going to + do
一般将来时主动语态
1.Apple trees will be planted(by us) tomorrow.
2.Apple trees won’t be planted(by us) tomorrow.
3.Will apple trees be planted(by us) tomorrow
4.Where will apple trees be planted(by us) tomorrow
一般将来时被动语态
肯定式: will be / be going to be+ done
否定式: won’t be/ be not going to be + done
疑问式: Will+主语 be/ be+主语+ going to be+ done
特殊疑问式: 疑问词 + will+主语 be/ be+主语+
going to be+ done
will be / be going to be+ done
(1) 主语+谓语+宾语： 主动: We will build a new house next year. 被动: A new house will be built (by us) next year. (2) 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 (习惯上把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语): 主动: My mother will give me a shirt. 被动: I will be given a shirt (by my mother). 如果把直接宾语改为主语时, 则在间接宾语前加to或for 被动: A new shirt will be given to me (by my mother).
(3) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。如果是含有复合宾语的主动句变成被动句时, 将其中的宾语变为主语, 宾补不变。例如: 主动: We will ask him to help you tomorrow. 被动: He will be asked to help you (by us).
2. My mother will give me a present.
I will be given a present (by my mother).
A present will be given to me (by my mother).
1. We’ll build a new house next year.
A new house will be built (by us) next year.
3. The mother is going to tell the baby a story
The baby is going to be told a story (by the mother).
A story is going to be told to the baby (by the mother).
4. Kelly is about to sing us a song at the party.
We are about to be sung a song (by Kelly) at
the party.
A song is about to be sung for us (by Kelly)
at the party.
5.The police is going to have the thief stay in prison.
The thief is going to be had to stay in prison
(by the police).
(have sb do sth >> sb be had to do sth)
Passive voice
Sum and compare
句型 （基本句型） 一般过去时
主+谓+宾
People loved the children very much.
The children were loved by people very much.
主+谓+双宾 （间接宾语 直接宾语）
She told us an interesting story.
We were told an interesting story by her.=
An interesting story was told to us by her.
主+谓+宾+宾补 (主+谓+复合宾语)
We chose Jack monitor.
Jack was chosen monitor by us.
句型 （基本句型） 一般将来时
主+谓+宾
They will finish the story in three days.
The story will be finished by them in three days.
主+谓+双宾 （间接宾语 直接宾语）
My father will buy me a new bike.
I will be bought a new bike by my father.=
A new bike will be bought for me by may father.
主+谓+宾+宾补 (主+谓+复合宾语)
We will keep food fresh in the fridge.
Food will be kept fresh in the fridge.
句型 （肯定句/否定句/一般疑问句/特殊疑问句）
肯定句
Liu Xiang was helped by a special programme.
Liu Xiang will be helped by a special
programme.
否定句
Liu Xiang wasn’t helped by a special programme.
Liu Xiang won’t be helped by a special
programme.
一般疑问句
Was Liu Xiang helped by a special programme
Will Liu Xiang be helped by a special
programme
特殊疑问句 (用why来提问)
Why was Liu Xiang helped by a special
programme
Why will Liu Xiang be helped by a special
programme
如果是提问主语，应该是：
Liu Xiang was helped by a special programme.
Liu Xiang will be helped by a special
programme.
Who was helped by a special programme
Who will be helped by a special programme
被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词"构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 speak / speaks
一般过去时 spoke
一般将来时
will /shall/
be going to speak
am/is/are＋spoken
was/were＋spoken
will/shall /be going to
+be spoken
比较:
This book is written by him.
This book was written by him in 1999.
This book will be written by him.
A meeting is held by us.
A meeting was held by us yesterday.
A meeting will be held by us tomorrow.
I am chosen by the teacher.
I was chosen this time.
I will be chosen in two days.
Passive voice in the simple future tense
We use the passive voice in the simple future tense when the action has not taken place yet.
You will be punished if you cut down a tree.
These bottles will be recycled to make new things.
Subject will be/be going to be Past participate
I will be/am going to be
supported
You /We /They will be/are going to be
He/She/It will be/is going to be
Environment Week
A The students are talking about
Environment Week. Help them make
sentences using the passive voice.
activities/in Environment Week/
a lot of/organize/ are going to
_______________________________
_______________________________
A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.
to all the people/send//leaflets/in the town/will
_______________________________
_______________________________
design/posters/will/by Sandy
_______________________________
are going to/hold/some of the activities/ in the town square
_______________________________
_______________________________
Posters will be designed by sandy.
Leaflets will be sent to all the people
in the town.
Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square.
Environment Week
B Lisa is telling her cousin Harry about a
show that will be held in this Environment
Week on the phone. Help Lisa answer
Harry's questions using the passive voice.
Lisa: Hi, Harry. There's going to be an
environment show here.
Harry: Really When is the show going to be
held
Lisa: _______________________________
_________________(this Friday evening)
The show is going to be held this
Friday evening.
Harry: Will the show be held at your school
Lisa: No. _______________________________.
(at the town hall)
Harry: Who will be invited to the show
Lisa: ___________________________________
___________________________________
(some famous people in our town)
Harry: What will be displayed at the show
Lisa: ___________________________________
_______________________(videos about
the past and present of Sunshine Town)
The show will be held at the town hall.
Some famous people in our town will be invited to the show.
Videos about the past and present of Sunshine
Town will be displayed at the show.
Harry: What will be discussed at the show
Lisa: ________________________________
________________________________
(ways about how to protect the environment)
We use “will be” or________________ + past
participate” to form the passive voice in the
simple future tense.
Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed at the show.
be going to be
C Kitty is writing an article about pollution.
Help her complete the article using the
passive voice.
Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the
world today. In many places, rubbish __________
(throw) into lakes and rivers, so many of
them _____________ (pollute).
In some cities, the air_________ (fill) with
pollution. This makes people ill, and more
people __________________(hurt) in the future
if it is not cleaned up.
As well as people, animals ___________(harm)
is thrown
are polluted
is filled
are going to be hurt
are harmed
by pollution. Land and water pollution kills many animals every year. If we do not act to
improve the environment, more living things __________________(kill) by pollution.
However, there is some good news. A show
____________ (hold) at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. On that day, we __________________(show) how to protect the environment.
If we work together, we can make the world a better place.
will be killed
will be held
are going to be shown
用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。
1. It is clear that the 30th Olympic Games ___________ (hold) in 2012.
2. While many people turn to computer for news and movies, it doesn’t mean that the TV set _____________ (replace) in the near future.
3. Many chances ___________ (lose) if you don’t work hard.
4. You __________ (fine) by the police if you keep driving so fast.
will be held
will be replaced
will be lost
will be fined
5. The question is going to ____________ (discuss) by us.
6. The little girl is so pretty that she ______________ (admire) by all the people when she grows up.
7. Don’t worry about that. It ___________ (finish) next week.
8. She ___________ (meet) by her friends as soon as she arrives.
9. I hear that more than one million dollars ___________ (spend) on the project next year.
be discussed
will be admired
will be finished
will be met
will be spent
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The young man says that he will leave the company if he ____ for this.
will be punished B. would be punished
C. is punished D. is going to be punished
2. When the repair work ______, more visitors will come to this famous temple.
A. is going to finish B. is finished
C. will be finished D. finished
C
B
1. 没有缺点的朋友是永远找不到的。
2. 这个计划将会在下午的会议上讨论吗？
3. 这个会议将会在什么时候、哪里举行呢？
A friend without faults will never be found.
Will the plan be discussed at the meeting this afternoon
When and where will the meeting be held
Homework
Make a summary of passive voice by
comparing the simple past, present with
the future tense.