2021-2022学年人教版八年级英语下册Unit10 I've had this bike for three years. 单元笔记

Unit 10
how long 多长时间
how long在此处引导特殊疑问句，用于询问“多长时间”，常与现在完成时连用。对其回答时常用“for+时间段（for可省略）”“since+过去的时间点或从句”或“since+时间段+ago”。
—How long has she been in China
—She has been in China since three years ago.
—How long have you learned English
—For more than five years./More than five years.
memory n. 记忆；回忆
memory 在此处作可数名词，其复数形式为 memories。What is your earliest memory
【拓展延伸】
① memory 作名词，还可意为“记忆力”。I have a bad memory.
② memorize 作动词，意为“记忆”。My Chinese teacher asked me to memorize the poem.
give away 赠送; 捐赠
give out 分发；give off 放出，释放；give in 投降，屈服；give up 停止，放弃；give or take 相差不到······
4.in need 贫困；在困境中
in need 意为“贫困；在困境中”，为固定短语。
in need of 意为“需要······”。
We are collecting money for children in need.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.(谚语)患难见真情。
After working for twelve hours, she was in great need of a rest.
5.check out 察看；观察
check out 为“动词 + 副词”型短语，若代词作其宾语，要放在 check 与 out 之间。该短语中 check 作动词，意为“检查，审查”。
Maybe we should go to the library and check it out.
【拓展延伸】
① check out 还有“结账离开”的意思，其反义短语为 check in，意为“（在旅馆、机场等）登记，报到”。
— What time should we check out — By 2 p.m. We’ve checked in at the hotel.
② check还可作名词，意为“检查；支票”。
I keep a careful check on my blood pressure. Can I pay by check
6.no longer 不再；不复
no longer 为固定短语，相当于 not ... any longer。
Mr. Smith no longer works here (= doesn’t work here any longer). It’s hard for me to see him as often as before.
7.part v. 离开；分开
part 在此处作动词，part with 意为“放弃、交出（尤指不舍得的东西）”，为“动词 + 介词”构成的短语，其后常接名词或代词作宾语。
The crowd parted to let him through. They felt sad to part with the old house.
8.certain adj. 某种；某事；某人
certain 作形容词,在此处意为“某种；某事；某人”，通常用于名词前作定语。
A certain person called me yesterday. There are certain things I should discuss with my mother.
certain 作形容词，还可表示“确信的；无疑的”，与 sure 同义，此时常用作表语。be certain of/about“对······有把握”。
If you want to be certain of getting a ticket, book now. I’m not certain when it will be ready.
9.as for 至于；关于
as for 为固定短语，其中 for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing 形式作宾语。
As for the weather, it will be a sunny day tomorrow.
You can ask the others, but as for myself, I’ll be busy at home.
10.to be honest 说实在的
to be honest 通常作插入语，其后常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。与 to be honest 意思相近的短语是 to tell (you) the truth“老实说；说实话”。honest 作形容词，意为“诚实的；老实的”。
To be honest, he is an honest and hard-working boy.
11.while n. 一段时间；一会儿
while 在此处用作名词，意为“一段时间；一会儿”，常用单数形式，与不定冠词 a 连用。常用搭配有：
after a while 过了一会儿 for a while 暂时；一会儿
quite a while 很长一段时间 in a while 不久；马上
all the while 一直；始终 once in a while 偶尔；有时
At last, he could relax for a while.
Mr. Thomas will come to meet you in a while.
He comes to our room for a chat once in a while.
【拓展延伸】while 还可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当······的时候”，作并列连词，意为“而；然而”，表示对比、转折。
While the discussion was still going on, George came in.
There’s plenty of rain in the southeast,while there’s little in the northeast.
12.Even though it’s old, it’s full of interesting places to see and things to do.
1) even though和even if两者均可用于引导让步状语从句，其细微区别是：even if引导的从句往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕”。even though引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”“虽然”。 不过，在实际语言运用中，even if与even though有时也可不加区别地混用。
即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we won’t change our plan.
他尽管经验最少，但教得最好。
He’s the best teacher even though he has the least experience.
尽管她嘲笑他，他还是很喜欢她。
Even if / Even though she laughs at him, he likes her.
2) although和(even) though均可用于句首或从句之首。though多用于非正式文体中，较为通俗。
虽然我们已尽了最大的努力，但还是输了。
Although/Though/Even though we all tried our best, we lost the game.
我们输了，虽然我们已尽了最大的努力。
We lost the game although/though/even though we tried our best.
3) be full of = be filled with 充满，装满
瓶子里装满了水。
The bottle is filled with water.
满屋浓烟。
The room is filled with heavy smoke.
香槟酒有很多气泡。
Champagne (香槟酒) is full of bubbles (气泡).
13.search v. & n. 搜索；搜查
① search在此处作动词，意为“搜索；搜查”。
search ( + 地点) for sb./ sth. （在某处）搜寻某人/某物
search sb. 搜某人的身
He searched for his schoolbag everywhere.
Visitors are regularly searched as they enter the building.
② search 意为“搜索；搜查”时还可作名词。
in search of 意为“寻找……”。
They made a long search for the missing child.
Tom went to the big city in search of a good job.
14.among prep. 在（其）中；……之一
among 作介词，用于三者或三者以上的情况，其常见用法如下：
① 用来引出最高级的比较范围。
The movie is the best among the modern movies.
② 表示“……之一”，相当于“one of …”。
New York is among( = one of ) the largest cities in the world.
【特别提醒】表示“三个或三个以上的人或物中的每两个之间”，应用 between，而不用 among。
She takes some medicine between meals.
她在两餐之间吃些药。(不可换为among)
15.regard v. （尤指以某种方式）注视，凝视； v. 将……认为；把……视为；看待
(1) regard 在此处作动词，意为“（尤指以某种方式）注视，凝视”。She stood back and regarded him coldly.
(2) regard作动词时，还可意为“将……认为；把……视为；看待”。regard…as…表示“把……当作/视为……”。
His work is highly regarded by artists.
We always regard red as the symbol of hope and good luck.
16.according to 在此处意为“据……所说”。
According to Professor Li, robots play an important role in people’s daily life.
According to the timetable, the train leaves at 8:27.
17.opposite prep.与……相对；在……对面 adj. 对面的；另一边的
18.consider v. 注视；仔细考虑
① consider 作及物动词，意为“注视”。
He considered the man for some time before speaking to him.
② consider 作动词，还可意为“仔细考虑”，与 think about 同义。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”。
The government continues to consider ways to solve the problem.
You have to consider what to do next.
I seriously considered having a short trip after this important exam.
19.close to 几乎；接近
He was close to tears. 他几乎要掉眼泪了。
It’s close to six o’clock. Let’s go. （= almost）
My house is close to the new supermarket. （= near）