2022年牛津译林版中考英语一轮复习讲义八年级下册Units7-8（WORD版）

授课学案
授课标题 8B 7-8讲义
学生姓名 授课教师 葛蕴芝
上课时间 月 日 时— 时
复习检测
单项选择
( )1.----- _______ can we help those poor children
----- You can save some of your pocket money and donate it to them.
A How B Why C What D When
( )2. A guide-dog can help a ( an ) _______ person a lot. It can show him the way.
A deaf B blind C old D weak
( )3. Daniel has won first ______ in the Reading Competition
A award B prize C lesson D result
( )4. ----- The theatre is far away and there is no bus.------Do you mean it is ____ to take a taxi
A interesting B dangerous C difficult D necessary
( )5. I like using WeChat. WeChat makes ______ easier for friends to contact with each other.
A it B that C this D them
( )6. It is wrong of a student ______ his homework by himself. Copying makes one lazy.
A to do B don’t do C not do D not to do
( )7. ---Li Jianrou, a short- track speeding skater from China, was a dark horse. Few people ____ her to win a gold medal before the event.
---- Everything comes to those who wait, right
A hoped B supported C thought D expected
( )8. Look! The little boy is watching the bird _______.
A close B closely C closed D closing
( )9. It is not wise ________ teenagers to be crazy about stars.
It is more important _____ them to learn more about Chinese culture.
A for; for B of; for C of; of D for; of
( )10. The colour of this book is similar to ________ of mine.
A it B one C that D this
( )11. All of us think ______ dangerous to play with fire.
A that is B this is C what is D it is
( )12. It is _____ of people to help the disabled.
A important B useful C meaningful D kind
( )13. Lots of foreign traverllers come to China because it is ________ country.
A so an old B such an old C such old an D so old an
( )14. -----It’s very nice of you to carry the box for me. -----__________
A I’d love to B Yes, of course C My pleasure D Sounds great
( )15. It is a pity that his son was born _______ a weak heart.
A in B from C at D with
词汇运用（每空一词）
16. I __________ (期望) to have some time for myself but there was too much homework.
17. He hasn’t had a __________ (机会) to work as a volunteer.
18. The famous basketball player now makes a living by＿＿＿(训练) high school students.
19. It’s good to give seats on the bus to the＿＿＿(老年人).
20. The old man is now suffering from a lung＿＿＿(疾病).
21. You need to receive to day’s _______（train）before you work as a teacher here.
22. Sunshine For All works _________ (close) with the local government.
23. It is _________ ( meaning ) for teenagers to help the poor people.
34. Quite a few ______ (charity), including one foundation, are helping the children.
35. We will give a ________ (help) hand if you are in trouble.
【笔记整理】
一、单项选择
1-5 ABBDA 6-10 DDBBC 11-15 DDBCD
四、词汇
46 expected 47chance 48 training 49 elderly 50 disease
51.training 52 closely 53 meaningful 54 charities 55 helpful
兴趣构建
知识讲解
八下Unit 7 International charities
【复习单词表】
A、拼读易错单词、重点单词：
1.especially 2. basic 3. education 4. right 5. spread 6. interviewer 7.blindness 8.medical 9.patient 10. afford 11. proud 12.reader 13. medicine 14.develop 15.treat 16. hold 17.set 18war 19.pale 20.matter 21.chec22. secretary 23.India 24.officer
B、重要单词用法：
1.especially adv. 尤其；特别 用来对前面所述的事件作进一步的说明
UNICEF helps build a better world for everyone, _____(especial) children all over the world.
He likes all subjects, ________ English. 他喜欢所有的学科,尤其是英语。
specially 专门地；特地的 强调唯一的目的
He came here specially to say sorry to her. 他特意来这里向他道歉。
2.basic adj.基础的，基本的
basic needs 基本需求 basic education 基础教育
3、education 教育 n.[U]
He has very little education.他几乎没受过什么教育。
当education特指某个人的教育或某一种或一段教育 可以与不定冠词连用
He has had a good _________(educate) 他受过良好的教育。
educate vt. Young children should _________(educate) to be behave well
educational adj. 有教育意义的 an _________(educate) CD
4. right n． 权力 [C]
work for the equal rights of girls and women
为女孩和妇女争取平等的权利
right away 立刻，马上
5.spread n.扩散；发布；展开 prevent the_____( spread) of some serious diseases among young people
v. (spread spread) prevent some serious diseases from _____( spread) among young people 防止一些严重疾病在年轻人中的传播。
6. interviewer n. 采访者
The girl hopes to be an _________(interview) when she grows up.
interview v. 采访 interview Dr Ma
interview n. 接见；采访；面试 Tom will have an ________(interview) with him
7. blindness n. 失明 tell us something about _______(blind)
blind adj. 失瞎的 a _______(blind) person
8. medical adj. 医学的；医疗的 medical treatment
medicine n.医学 modern medicine 现代医学
n.药 [U] take medicine 服药
9. patient n. 病人 operate on patients
adj. 有耐心的 (反义词 impatient)
be patient with patients 对病人有耐心
10.proud adj.自豪的，骄傲的
pride n. 骄傲；可引以为豪的人或物
I’m _______(proud) to help people see again.
The top student is _______(proud) of his schoolwork.
He’s the _______(proud) of the whole world. 他是全世界的骄傲。
11.develop v. 发展;加强 development n. 发展
developed adj. 发达的
developing adj. 发展中的
Modern medicine ________(develop) quickly.
spend all his life on the ________(develop) of better rice plants
a ________(develop) country 一个发达国家.
中国是一个发展中国家 China is a ________(develop) country
12. treat vt.治疗；处理 （强调过程）
treatment n. He needs a medical ________(treat).
He got very ill, but he _________(treat) very well.
cure 强调结果；指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病
treat v. 对待 treat the boy as his own son 把这个男孩作为他自己的儿子对待
treat n. 招待 give us a treat of some candy
trick or treat 不招待，就使坏
13.hold vt. 举行 （ hold---held-- held ）
We ________(hold) a football match next week.= A football match will take place next week.
Last week, a charity show ________(hold) by the Students’ Union.
14. matter n.事情，问题 What’s the matter = What’s wrong
matter v. 要紧，有重大影响
Size and body type ________(not matter).高矮胖瘦不重要。
I’m sorry I have broken your bike. ------- It doesn’t matter.
15.check n.检查 let me have a check
check v. 检查；核实 ____ the scene ___ fingerprints
16.India n. 印度 India is a great country to visit.
Indian adj. 印度(人)的 Indian films
Indian n. 印度人 an Indian
________(India) speak Hindi in ________(India).
17.officer n. 官员 an officer
office n.办公室 office worker 办公室职员，上班族
【重点词组、句型】
1.You have some pocket money left. 你还有些零花钱剩下.
have … left 有……留下，剩下
1) 晚会结束的时候，我们还剩下些食物。
At the end of the party, we had some food left.
2) 我饿了。你剩下什么吃的没有？
I am hungry. Do you have anything to eat left
We _____ ______ 5 kilometers _____.（我们只剩5公里了）
2. I’m too weak to walk any further. 我很虚弱，走不动了。
further是far的比较级，表示距离上更远，any 能够修饰比较级但多用于否定句或疑问句
Can you stand any further away
too … to … 太……而不能……　　　
The girl is too young to go to school
3. UNICEF provides basic education for children in poor areas.
provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb 向某人提供某物。例如：
Our parents are willing to provide money and food for us students so that we can study better.
=Our parents are willing to provide us students with money and food so that we can study better.
4 . About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured.
most = very 很；非常 （不要加定冠词）
almost = very nearly 指在程度上相差很少
mostly = mainly 大部分；主要地；
It’s _____dangerous to play with fire. 玩火是很危险的
______ no one believed what he said. 几乎没人相信他的话。
The students in our class are ______ from the factory. 我们班的学生主要来自这家工厂。
2)can be prevented or cured 是情态动词的被动结构，注意prevent的用法：
3) prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事.(stop… from doing sth)
keep…from doing sth)
We should prevented water from_________ (provent).
prevent 的名词 prevention
预防总比治愈强. __________ is better than cure.
Forests help to keep the water from running away.森林有助于防止水的流失
5. 80 per cent of these cases 80 per cent of … 80%的…
a. 我们学校里百分之90%的教师是女教师。
90 per cent of the teachers in our school are _________teachers.
b. 地球的百分之六十被水覆盖。 60 per cent of the earth __________ with water.
6. Many of our patients can’t afford/don’t have money to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.
我们的许多病人没钱去看病,所以我们不得不去他们那儿
afford “买得起，负担得起” afford sth/ afford to do sth.
贫困学生买不起文具。The poor students _______ stationery. (afford sth.)
The poor students can’t afford to buy stationery. (afford to do sth.)
7. operate vi. 做手术 ( operation n. 手术 perform\ do an operation on sb)
operate on 给某人或某身体部位动手术
The doctors decided to operate on her at once.
The doctor is _________(operate) on the eyes of the patient now.
=The doctor is doing an _________(operate) on the eyes of the patiently.
8.be used as 被用作 The plane is used as a training centre.
9. be proud of sb./sth. e.g. I'm proud of a friend like you
The British are very proud of their sense of humor
be proud to do sth.“为做某事感到自豪/ 骄傲”
她对被邀请发言感到自豪. She was proud to be invited to speak
be proud that… 对感到得意或自豪.
They were proud that they belonged to such a fine team.
▲ proud 的名词是pride 为不可数名词，意为“骄傲，自豪 自满” ，常用结
e.g. ①.We took pride in Yao Ming.我们以姚明自豪。
②.We were proud of Yao Ming.我们以姚明自豪。
③.The Great Wall is the pride of us.长城是我们的骄傲。
10. carry on with sth. = carry on doing sth.
“继续做某事，坚持做某事(尤指在中断后)”
让我们继续开会吧。Let’s carry on with our meeting./Let’s carry on having our meeting.
11.How long have you felt like this = How long have you been like this
你像这样多长时间了
12. At that time, many children’s lives were changed because of the war.
在那时，许多孩子的生活因为战争改变了。
13. make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事
She made up her mind to train as a nurse.
【语法复习】
被动语态。
英语中及物动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。
被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：
Some new computers were stolen last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
一般现在时的被动语态
1.现在时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are +done）如：
This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。
I am asked to study hard. 我被要求努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀被用来割东西的。
These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的
2一般现在时的主动语态变被动语态：
1） Bruce writes a letter every week.
→ A letter is written by Bruce every week.
2） This factory produces machine tools.
→ Machine tools are produced in this factory.
3） They often make fun of her.
→ She is often made fun of.
4）We clean our classroom every day.
→ Our classroom is cleaned by us every day.
5）Do you wash your clothes very often
→ Are your clothes washed very often
6）Most people in the USA speak English.
→ English is spoken by most people in the USA.
7)People speak English in many countries.
→ English is spoken in many countries.
8)Do you often clean your room
→ Is your room often cleaned by you
小试身手：用所给动词适当形式填空。
1. Usually the children here ______________(take )good care of .
2. The room ___________________________(clean) every day.
一般过去时的被动语态
1 . 一般过去时被动语态表示过去经常性、习惯性被动动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。主语(动作承受者) + was / were + 过去分词(+ by + 施动者)构成。
与主动语态相比,被动语态中主语是谓语动作的执行者。
句型格式：was / were + done
例： I was taught by Miss Zhao last year.
去年，我是由赵老师教的。
Those letters were written by a famous writer.
那些信是由一位有名作家写的。
小试身手：用所给动词适当形式填空。
The cup _________________________________( wash ) yesterday .
The book ___________________________(write ) by Hanhan two years ago.
8下 Unit 8 A green world
【单词复习】
拼读易错单词
1.serious认真的，严肃的 2. cause 导致，造成 3. separate 分开, 隔开
4.punish 处罚,惩罚 5. depend 依靠，取决于 6. wisely 明智地,充满智慧地
7. produce 导致，产生 8. difference 差异,不同（之处） 9.harmful 有害的
B. 单词用法：
serious adj. 认真的，严肃的
常用短语：be serious about 对...认真
We should _______ _________ _________ the problem. 我们应该认真对待这个问题。
allow 动词；允许 allow sb to do sth 改被动：sb be allowed to do
It’s the library! So you must know shouting ____________(not allow) here.
My parents allow me ___________(play) computer games every Sunday.
punish 动词；处罚，惩罚 punish sb with/by sth 以...来惩罚某人
The naughty boy ________________ (punish) by his father yesterday.
4. pollute vt 污染 其名词形式为 pollution
The air ___________(pollute) by the waste gases from factory every year.
Do what you can to avoid air ___________ (pollute).
5. harm 1）vt 伤害， 损害
As well as people, animals ___________(harm) by pollution.
2) n 伤害，损害 常见短语：do harm to 对......造成伤害 相当于be harmful to
Watching TV too much does _______ to your eyes.
= Watching TV too much is ________ to your eyes.
harmful adj 有害的 反义词：harmless 无害的
display 作动词，意为“展示，陈列” display sth to sb
作名词，意为“展示，展览” 常用短语on display, 相当于on show
living adj，意为“活着的”强调”尚在人间的”,可作定语或表语，用来指人或物。
lively adj， 意为“活泼的，活跃的” 可作定语，表语或宾补，既可指人，又可指物。
alive adj，意为“活着的，有生命的”可用作表语或后置定语修饰人或动物。
He is regarded as one of the best __________ writers at present.
All __________ things need sunlight, air and water.
Jenny is a __________ girl.
After the earthquake, the little girl was still __________.
wise adj 明智的， 充满智慧的 其副词形式为wisely 名词wisdom
The more books you read, ____________(wise) you will be.
Manage your money _________(wise), so your money doesn’t manage you.
【重点词组、句型】
some... some..., and others 一些...... 一些...... 还有一些......
Some people like milk chocolate, _____ like black chocolate, ________ prefer white chocolate.
2. depend on/upon 依靠，取决于； 不能用进行时态，无被动
You cannot _________ ________ ________ ________forever. 你不能永远依赖你的父母。
The price ___________ ___________ the quality. 价格取决于质量
3. run out 用完， 耗尽，为不及物动词短语，无被动。
Food ________________(run out) already, we have to go to the supermarket.
4. make a difference to sb/sth （对......） 有影响，起作用
make some difference to sb/sth (对......) 有些影响
make no difference to sb/sth (对......) 没有影响
Lucy has got a bad cold. It may __________ ___________ _________ to her competition.
露西感冒很严重， 这可能对她的竞赛造成了一些影响。
5. do with 处理，处置 常与疑问词what 搭配。
What do you do with ... 意为“你怎样处理...... ”
deal with 对付，处理 多与how 连用, 用来询问如何处理
What will you _________ _________ my books
_________ did the police deal with that accident
6. have a chance to do 有机会做某事
Everyone has a chance __________ (get) the job.
7. turn off 关上 turn on打开 turn up 调大 turn down 调小
It’s time to watch TV. Please turn it _______.
I can’t hear the radio. Please turn it ________.
It’s so noisy. Turn _______ the radio.
8. remember to do sth 记得去做某事，表示事情还未做。
remember doing sth 记得做过某事，表示事情已做。
I’ll remember ___________ (mail) these letters. 我会记得寄这些信。
I remember_____________(tell) you about it once. 我记得这事和你谈过一次。
try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力去做某事
=do one’s best to do sth
Try your best ___________( remember) all the new words.
I’ll try/ do my best _______(improve) my pronunciation.
【语法复习】
被动语态的一般将来时的构成：
1) will be done 其否定句是在will 后加not, 疑问句是将will 提至主语前。
She __________________(send) to Oxford University by our college next term.
2)be going to be done 其否定式在be后面加not, 疑问句是将be提至主语前。
You ________________(invite) to the party by him next week.
主语 will be/be going to be 过去分词
一般将来时 I will be/am going to be supported
You /We /They will be/are going to be
He /She /It will be/is going to be
注意：主语是第一人称时，被动语态的一般将来时也可以用“shall be +动词的过去分词”来表达。
例：1. The sports meeting __________ next month.
A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held
2. The food __________(eat) by the dog soon.
3.He ____________(take) to hospital in a few minutes.
思维导图
课堂反馈
适当形式填空
1. The TV __________(turn) on now. Let’s watch TV.
2. We will have a _________ (medicine) examination tomorrow.
3. Is he very ________ (自豪的) that he can help many people
4. With his help, millions of poor children all over the country are given b_______ education.
5. The child used to ________ (watch) too much TV at night, so he has poor eyesight now.
6. People will support ORBIS by _________ (donate) money to it.
7. Chinese ____________(learn) by more and more people in the world in the future.
8. I _________(tell ) that they had already arrived.
9. They’ve been at ________ (战争) for the last fifteen days.
10. I do not have much money as before, but my life is more ___________ (有意义).
11. Many of them are so poor that they can't __________(有钱) to travel to hospital.
12. By ________ (培训) local doctors and nurses, we hope to help even more people.
13. Please tell me something about _________(blind).
14. She _________(use) (习惯于) to______ (get) up early.
15. The machine _______(use)(被用于) to________(put) pictures onto paper.
单项选择
1. The pet dog is warm and loving. It ______ as a daughter of my family.
A. treats B. treated C. is treated D. was treated
2.I _____ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.
A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be
3.－Ben and Sue aren’t home, are they －No. They _____ to London on business.
A. have gone B. go C. have been D. will go
4.－Why did the car hit the boy －Because the driver _____ on the phone at that time.
A. talk B. is talking C. was talking D. have talked
5.Miss Brown, we _____ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now
A. finish B. finishing C. are finished D. have finished
6.－I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.
－Oh, sorry. I _____ with my cousin in the supermarket.
A. shopping B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop
7.－When _____ you _____ here －Two days ago.
A. did; come B. have; come C. will; come D. do; come
8.－ Where is Joan － She _____ a novel in her study.
A. has read B. reads C. will read D. is reading
9.Your home town is really nice! The air quality is as good as______ of Sanya.
A. it B. one C. that D. the one
10.－Shall we go out for a walk, Bill －I’m afraid not. It _____ outside now.
A. was raining B. rained C. is raining
11.So far, the AIIB（亚投行）_____ 57 countries to be the founding members.
A. attracted B. has attracted C. will attract
12.－Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight －No, I _____ it last week.
A. see B. have seen C. saw
13.Mother often tells me, “I hope you _____ what I _____ you to do at school!”
A. won’t forget; have told B. don’t forget; will tell
C. didn’t forget; tell D. haven’t forgotten; am telling
14.－Do you have any plans for tonight －Yes ,I _____ at the new Italian restaurant in town.
A. eat B. have eaten C. ate D. am going to eat
15. It’s reported that the Chinese government provides free milk powder(奶粉) _______ children in poor areas.
A. with B. for C. to D. by
16. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _______ well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
17. Many people _________ eye problems received the treatment.
A. in B. on C. with D. by
18. ________ of the students are from Australia. They are ________ good at English.
A. Mostly; most B. Most; almost C. Mostly; almost D. Most; mostly
19. ---Are you going to go shopping this afternoon --- No, I’m _________ tired ________ go.
A. so; to B. enough; to C. too; to D. /; to
20. ---Do you feel ______ necessary ______ us to tell him about it soon
--- No, better not. It may worry him too much.
A. it; for B. it; of C. that; for D. that; of
疑问反思：
8B Unit7 答案
三、当堂巩固
A）1. is turned 2. medical 3. proud 4. basic 5. watch 6. donating
7. will be learned/learnt 8. was told 9. war 10. meaningful
11. afford 12. training 13. blindness 14. is used, getting
15. is used, put
B) 1—5: CCACD 6—10: BADCC
11-15BCADB 16-20CCDCA
四、拓展延伸
1. China 2. Reason(s) 3. introduction(s) 4. ancient/old 5. best
6. Tourists/Visitors/People/ Travel(l)ers 7. managed 8. wondered
9. thousand 10. learn/ know/explore/ find/ see
(
1
)