2022届高考英语短文改错专项课件(63张ppt)
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语短文改错专项课件(63张ppt) |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 44.7MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-05-16 14:33:53 | ||
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文档简介
(共63张PPT)
短文改错专项
学习目标
了解短文改错的考情（含命题方式、答题要求、考点频率）
能够结合短文材料以及语法知识 分析并纠正短文错误。
短文改错命题规律解析
全国Ⅰ卷短文改错体裁、主题、设错角度分析
高考短文改错大数据分析
卷别 体裁 主题 短文 词数 设错角度
名词 代 动词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 冠词 数词
2021全国乙卷 说明文 作者对做家务的看法 105 1 1 4 2 1 1 /
/
2020全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 作者做西红柿炒蛋的过程 113 1 1 3 2 / 2 1 /
2019全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 作者偶然踢进一个球从而对足球产生兴趣 95 2 1 2 1 / 1 1
1
2018全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 拜访祖父母反应家乡巨大变化 108 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 /
1. 短文改错主要考察考生在语篇中准确综合运用语言知识的能力。体裁以记叙文和说明文
为主, 主要涉及发生在学生身边的熟悉话题，如劳动、学校家庭生活等，词数100词左右。
2. 错误类型相对稳定。试题多是错词8个，多词1个，少次1个，即8：1：1原则，但个别年
份多词和缺词可能一共有3个。
3. 设错角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑。
词法考频最多的是动词，其次是词性无用、形容词和副词、名词、介词、冠词和代词；
句法考察以并列连词和从句连词为主；
行文逻辑主要考察时态一致和指代一致。
4. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
短文改错命题规律解析
短文改错解题步骤
错误类型口诀
动名形副，介冠连代，逻数，∧ ， \
在横线下方改一词
添一词
删一词
v. → 词形（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语、虚拟语气）；词性（n. adj.）
n. → 词形（单复数、不可数名词、所有格）；词性（adj.）
adj. → 词形（比较级、最高级、原形）；词性（adv. n.）
adv. → 词形（比较级、最高级、原形、late, later, latter, latest ,lately）；词性（adj.）
prep. → 词形（hard/hardly; high/highly; beside/besides; near/nearly...)
→ 类别搭配误用(for, in ,at, with, from, through, against...）
art. → 词形（a, an, the）
conj. → 并列类别连词误用（and, but, or）
→ 主从类别连词误用 （what, which, when,while, as，so, though,
where, whether, if, because，how, who, whose...）
pron. → 词形(主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词）
num. → 词形（基数词，序数词，分数）
逻辑→ （with/without; here/there; before/after；never/ ever; from now on/from then on ）
添art.: 名词单数前；固定搭配（as a result, in the 19th century）
添prep.: 不及物动词后（listen to...）；固定搭配（in science）
添助动词.: 被动语态；部分倒装局结构
删art.: 泛指的复数名词前(all kinds of flowers)；零冠词结构中（in addition；for example）
删prep.: 及物动词后（serve sb）
删助动词.:主动语态结构中
动词错误
谓语动词与非谓语动词之间的错误
改错原理：一个句子结构中无并列连词有且只有一个动词做谓语。(一山不能容二虎)
谓语动词内部错误
①时态用错：如一般现在→过去
②被动用错
③动词现在的单三问题。
④不规则动词的形式：不规则动词过去式和过去分词。
⑤虚拟语气：表建议的情态动词should+do→ should省略了，动词没有用原形；should写成了can.
非谓语动词内部错误
①doing，to do，done的互变。
②to do还是do？（let/ make/help）
③to do还是to doing？当to是介词的时候后加doing。（比如look forward to doing）
④介词+doing
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others. They kept very much to themselves.
2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.
3. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful information from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!
1. 识别时态是否一致：检查每一个谓语从此时态与上下文及该句时间状语是否一致；检查助动词have/has/had等助动词后面的动词形式是否一致。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others. They kept very much to themselves.
2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.
3. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful information from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!
1. 识别时态是否一致：检查每一个谓语从此时态与上下文及该句时间状语是否一致；检查助动词have/has/had等助动词后面的动词形式是否一致。
keep
started
begun
comes
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国乙卷) I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
2.（2020年新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
3. (2017年全国Ⅲ卷) About one month later after his photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.4. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.
2. 判断平行或并列结构是否一致:平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常一致。关键一定要辨别清楚and, or等词后的动词与前面那个动词并列。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国乙卷) I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
2.（2020年新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
3. (2017年全国Ⅲ卷) About one month later after his photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.4. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.
2. 判断平行或并列结构是否一致:平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常一致。关键一定要辨别清楚and, or等词后的动词与前面那个动词并列。
tidy
think
became
told
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2016年新课标I卷) Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cook.
2. (2015年新课标I卷) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.
3. (2021 山东模考题) Our class won the second place and our efforts were paid off.
3. 留心语态错误：构成被动语态的过去分词是否写成了过去式、现在分词；被动语态的句子缺了be或主动语态句子多了be。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2016年新课标I卷) Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cook.
2. (2015年新课标I卷) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.
3. (2021 山东模考题) Our class won the second place and our efforts were paid off.
3. 留心语态错误：构成被动语态的过去分词是否写成了过去式、现在分词；被动语态的句子缺了be或主动语态句子多了be。
used
1. 判断主谓语是关键:可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数；动名词doing、to do不定式、名词性从句或不定代词做主语, 谓语动词一般用第三人称单数; 就近原则：not only A but also B/Either A or B/neither A nor B作主语谓语动词要与B 保持一致; there be A and B中be与A保持一致；就远原则：A along with / together with /as well as /including /but /except B 作主语谓语动词要和A保持一致; 倒装句中要找出句子的主语再判断谓语动词单复数; 定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.
2.(2021年 高三联考) Learning a foreign language take us lots of time.
3.(2021 年高三联考) Not only John but also I are going to Shanghai next week.
3. (2021年惠州市高三模拟) I, together with my parents and cousins, were planning to have a fantastic beach day.
4. (2020年长春外国语学校质检)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.
1. 谓语动词错误
1. 判断主谓语是关键:可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数；动名词doing、to do不定式、名词性从句或不定代词做主语, 谓语动词一般用第三人称单数; 就近原则：not only A but also B/Either A or B/neither A nor B作主语谓语动词要与B 保持一致; there be A and B中be与A保持一致；就远原则：A along with / together with /as well as /including /but /except B 作主语谓语动词要和A保持一致; 倒装句中要找出句子的主语再判断谓语动词单复数; 定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.
2.(2021年 高三联考) Learning a foreign language take us lots of time.
3.(2021 年高三联考) Not only John but also I are going to Shanghai next week.
3. (2021年惠州市高三模拟) I, together with my parents and cousins, were planning to have a fantastic beach day.
4. (2020年长春外国语学校质检)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.
doesn’t
takes
are
was
knows
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年模考题)Various performances, including dancing and singing, was shown during the festival. (改错)
2.（2021年天一大联考改编题) China, which is recognized widely as the hometown of tea, gain a big reputation of tea planting....
2. 辨别附加成分是难点：对于分割现象，可以用删减原则：从整体把握主干，去掉句中的插入语、非谓语动词、定语从句等分割干扰成分，使句子结构简化，一目了然。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年模考题)Various performances, including dancing and singing, was shown during the festival. (改错)
2.（2021年天一大联考改编题) China, which is recognized widely as the hometown of tea, gain a big reputation of tea planting....
2. 辨别附加成分是难点：对于分割现象，可以用删减原则：从整体把握主干，去掉句中的插入语、非谓语动词、定语从句等分割干扰成分，使句子结构简化，一目了然。
were
gains
1. 谓语动词错误
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2019 年新课标I卷) All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
1. 辨清非谓语动词和谓语动词：当简单句中已经有谓语动词，另一动词不作并列谓语，该动词只能用非谓语动词。
2. to do不定式 的两种考法：下列情况要用省略to 的不定式结构作宾语补足语：make/let/have sb do sth；see/watch/notice/hear sb do sth (强调动作的全过程)；下列情况要用to do 不定式结构作宾语或宾补:want/decide/plan/would like to do sth等，want/need/allow/encourage/invite sb to do sth 等。
1. (2021年江西重点高中联考) Please let me to know when you will be free.
2. (2019年 全国全国Ⅲ卷) I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”.
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2019 年新课标I卷) All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
1. 辨清非谓语动词和谓语动词：当简单句中已经有谓语动词，另一动词不作并列谓语，该动词只能用非谓语动词。
saying
2. to do不定式 的两种考法：下列情况要用省略to 的不定式结构作宾语补足语：make/let/have sb do sth；see/watch/notice/hear sb do sth (强调动作的全过程)；下列情况要用to do 不定式结构作宾语或宾补:want/decide/plan/would like to do sth等，want/need/allow/encourage/invite sb to do sth 等。
1. (2021年江西重点高中联考) Please let me to know when you will be free.
2. (2019年 全国全国Ⅲ卷) I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”.
waiting
to
∧
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
2. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
3. 作主语或宾语用动词-ing形式或to do 不定式；介词后作宾语用动词-ing 形式，但要注意介词的省略：spend 时间(in) doing sth; be busy(in) doing sth; have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 。
4. 情感类现在分词doing形容词和过去分词形容词done的区别：前者意为令人...的一般修饰物；后者意为感到...的一般形容人。
1. (2020 全国Ⅲ卷) My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family.
2. (2019年全国I卷) I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
2. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
3. 作主语或宾语用动词-ing形式或to do 不定式；介词后作宾语用动词-ing 形式，但要注意介词的省略：spend 时间(in) doing sth; be busy(in) doing sth; have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 。
talking
4. 情感类现在分词doing形容词和过去分词形容词done的区别：前者意为令人...的一般修饰物；后者意为感到...的一般形容人。
1. (2020 全国Ⅲ卷) My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family.
2. (2019年全国I卷) I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.
concerned
interested
managing
形容词和副词的错误
① adj.和adv.之间的错误
adv（一般带有ly）修饰名词。改法:去掉ly改成adj
adj修饰形容词/副词/动词。改法:加上ly改成adv。
adj加个逗号，位于句首。adj，________改成副词（ly）比如Lucky, I have a good time。把lucky改成luckily。
主系表结构中，表语的位置，比如：n +is/become/get/seem/feel +adv.把adv改成adj.
②形容词和副词的内部错误
比较级和最高级和原级的误用。good better best；多音节的形副。
比较级本身构成错误：比如more easier （可以去掉more,也可以改成much）
③特殊词错误
much /many的误用
hardly, hard的误用
late/later/latest/lately的误用
beside/ besides的误用
high/ highly的误用
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Immediate, I raised my hand.
1. 形容词、副词的词性误用：形容词常修饰名词或代词作定语、在主系表结构中作表语来说明主语的情况也可在主谓宾宾补结构中作宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的情况；副词常修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词或整个句子作状语。
2. 形容词、副词的比较等级的误用：as+形容词/副词原级+as; much/even/far/a little/a bit/a lot+形容词副词比较级+than; the+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among等。
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mental relaxation from study.
2. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) They were also the best and worse years in my life
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Immediate, I raised my hand.
1. 形容词、副词的词性误用：形容词常修饰名词或代词作定语、在主系表结构中作表语来说明主语的情况也可在主谓宾宾补结构中作宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的情况；副词常修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词或整个句子作状语。
mental
2. 形容词、副词的比较等级的误用：as+形容词/副词原级+as; much/even/far/a little/a bit/a lot+形容词副词比较级+than; the+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among等。
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mental relaxation from study.
2. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) They were also the best and worse years in my life
immediately
worst
more
(2021 模考题)They are usually curious when they firs t arrive a foreign country. Therefore, if they stay for a long time, they may start to feel different stages of culture shock.
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2019年全国I卷) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.
2. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.
3. 常见的形容词、副词辨析: hard adv. 努力地；猛烈地/hardly adv. 几乎不；beside 介词 在...旁边/besides adv. 此外；very much 非常/very well 好地；完全地；清楚地；deep 深地（具体）/deeply 深深地（抽象）等。
4. 注意重点连接副词的误用：however 表转折意为“然而”；therefore 表结果，意为因此。
(2021 模考题)They are usually curious when they firs t arrive a foreign country. Therefore, if they stay for a long time, they may start to feel different stages of culture shock.
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2019年全国I卷) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.
2. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.
3. 常见的形容词、副词辨析: hard adv. 努力地；猛烈地/hardly adv. 几乎不；beside 介词 在...旁边/besides adv. 此外；very much 非常/very well 好地；完全地；清楚地；deep 深地（具体）/deeply 深深地（抽象）等。
hard
4. 注意重点连接副词的误用：however 表转折意为“然而”；therefore 表结果，意为因此。
Besides
However
名词错误
①±S的错误
①该用复数的时候用单数。
②该用单数的时候用复数。如one of +n(s)
③不可数名词加s。如:advices、airs、knowledges
②±'S的错误
即有没有名词所有格的错误（少见，考过2次）
③主系表里的错误
表语应该用名词，却用了形容词。...the key to his success is honest. （少见，考过1次）
( honest应该改成honesty)
4.名词的误用
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other.
2. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
1. 理清单复数的使用情况：根据句意和语境判断清楚应用名词单数还是复数形式。
2. 不可数名词的误用：不可数名词没有复数，前面一般不能用a/an修饰。要牢记常考的不可数名词：advice, news, information, progress, work, fun,weather, music, air, health, luck 等
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.
2. (2015年全国Ⅰ卷) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.
3. 名词所有格：应该用名词所有格却没有用或不该用的却误用了名词所有格。
1. (2018 全国2卷) When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.
2. (2011 全国新课标) When I finally arrived at my friend he lend me lots of clothes.
4.名词的误用
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other.
2. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
1. 理清单复数的使用情况：根据句意和语境判断清楚应用名词单数还是复数形式。
friends
2. 不可数名词的误用：不可数名词没有复数，前面一般不能用a/an修饰。要牢记常考的不可数名词：advice, news, information, progress, work, fun,weather, music, air, health, luck 等
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.
2. (2015年全国Ⅰ卷) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.
vacation
information
3. 名词所有格：应该用名词所有格却没有用或不该用的却误用了名词所有格。
1. (2018 全国2卷) When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.
2. (2011 全国新课标) When I finally arrived at my friend he lend me lots of clothes.
Friday
friend’s
air
冠词错误
①冠词的有无
（1）去掉冠词 如:for a example改成：for example.
（2）加冠词 如：As result 改法：改成As a result.
②冠词用错了：a an/ the的互变
（1）靠翻译来判断：特指、泛指的翻译（适合90%）：
（2）the（这个，那个，这些，那些），a/an（有一个）
1. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) I still remember how hard first day was.
2. (2015年全国I卷) I miss my home in countryside.
5.冠词的误用
1. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
2. (2017年 全国Ⅱ卷) They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
1. a和an 误用: a/an泛指一个, a用于辅音音素开头名词前, 如a university, a unique style; an 用于元音因素的名词前, 如an hour, an honest man, an important person 等。
2. a/an和the误用: the表特指, 一般译为这个或那个, 也常考冠词a/an/the 的固定搭配。
3. 零冠词：有些情况不用冠词，如季节、月份、星期、一日三餐、语言、学科、运动游戏名、by+交通方式、不可数名词或复数名词表泛指等。
1. (2014年全国Ⅱ卷) There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom building.
2. (2021年模拟试题) I usually play the basketball in my spare time.
1. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) I still remember how hard first day was.
2. (2015年全国I卷) I miss my home in countryside.
5.冠词的误用
1. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
2. (2017年 全国Ⅱ卷) They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
1. a和an 误用: a/an泛指一个, a用于辅音音素开头名词前, 如a university, a unique style; an 用于元音因素的名词前, 如an hour, an honest man, an important person 等。
a
an
the
2. a/an和the误用: the表特指, 一般译为这个或那个, 也常考冠词a/an/the 的固定搭配。
3. 零冠词：有些情况不用冠词，如季节、月份、星期、一日三餐、语言、学科、运动游戏名、by+交通方式、不可数名词或复数名词表泛指等。
1. (2014年全国Ⅱ卷) There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom building.
2. (2021年模拟试题) I usually play the basketball in my spare time.
∧
∧
the
介词错误
“有无介词”的错误
及物动词+介词+名词（ ）改法：去掉介词 buy for sth
不及物动词+名词（ ）改法：加上相对应的介词。dream of ,
固定搭配 go shopping (go on shopping )；动词词组
定语从句when,where,why后面多了个介词
I like the room where my sister used to live in. 去掉介词in
1. (2018 年全国Ⅱ卷) Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.2. (2016 年全国1卷) Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
(2018 年全国1卷) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.
2.
6.介词的误用
1. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) I’m glad to know that you have come China to learn Kong fu in a school in my hometown.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅱ卷) They have also bought for some gardening tools.
1. 及物动词（vt.）后直接加宾语，无需跟介词；不及物动词（vi.）后需要加介词才能跟宾语。
2. this/that/last/next/every/each等修饰的时间短语单独作状语前面不加介词。
3. 介词搭配误用
1. (2018 年全国Ⅱ卷) Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.2. (2016 年全国1卷) Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
(2018 年全国1卷) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.
2.
6.介词的误用
1. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) I’m glad to know that you have come China to learn Kong fu in a school in my hometown.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅱ卷) They have also bought for some gardening tools.
1. 及物动词（vt.）后直接加宾语，无需跟介词；不及物动词（vi.）后需要加介词才能跟宾语。
to
2. this/that/last/next/every/each等修饰的时间短语单独作状语前面不加介词。
3. 介词搭配误用
∧
with
with
数词错误
基数词和序数词的混用错误
(2020 年高三联考) Last Sunday, I met a foreigner in her fifty.
7.数词的误用（低频考点）
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
2. (2021年 高三联考) About eighth years ago, I went to visit my grandfather during the summer holiday.
1. 基数词和序数词错用或混用：基数词表数量，序数词表顺序，即第几。
2. in one’s+整十数基数词复数 表示在某人几时多岁时；in the +整十数基数词复数表示在几十年代
(2020 年高三联考) Last Sunday, I met a foreigner in her fifty.
7.数词的误用（低频考点）
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
2. (2021年 高三联考) About eighth years ago, I went to visit my grandfather during the summer holiday.
1. 基数词和序数词错用或混用：基数词表数量，序数词表顺序，即第几。
eighteenth
eight
2. in one’s+整十数基数词复数 表示在某人几时多岁时；in the +整十数基数词复数表示在几十年代
fifties
连词错误
并列连词的错误
多了：如although与but不能同时出现、because与so不能同时出现。
错了：and/but/or/so之间的误用
方法：翻译上下句，然后不看连接词，通过句意判断是一致，还是相反。
1.更改从句类型。比如名词性从句和定语从句的互变。 比如what和which的互变。
2. 定语从句中错误
①... , that/what... （改成which）
②介词in, through等+ that ...（改成which）
③in which= where 缺少介词错误
④先行词是不定代词，比较级和最高级应该用that
3. 状语从句的连词逻辑错误。（原因，结果，让步，并列？）要靠翻译。
从句的连词错误
1. 定语从句引导词有关系代词和关系副词，从句中缺成分用关系代词that/which/who/whom(宾格)/whose，若从句不缺成分用关系副词when(先行词是时间)/where(先行词是地点)/why(先行词是reason)；what不能作定语从句引导词；非限定定语从句不能用that /what等引导。
8. 从句连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅱ卷) Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
2. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷) Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
3. (2019年全国I卷) One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
4. (2018年全国 I卷) They also had a small pond which they raise fish.
1. 定语从句引导词有关系代词和关系副词，从句中缺成分用关系代词that/which/who/whom(宾格)/whose，若从句不缺成分用关系副词when(先行词是时间)/where(先行词是地点)/why(先行词是reason)；what不能作定语从句引导词；非限定定语从句不能用that /what等引导。
8. 从句连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅱ卷) Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
2. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷) Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
3. (2019年全国I卷) One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
4. (2018年全国 I卷) They also had a small pond which they raise fish.
which
which
when
where
2. 名词性从句引导词有: that (不作任何成分, 只起引导作用, 后跟完整的陈述句宾语从句中可省略); whether/if(表是否, 后跟完整的陈述句); 特殊疑问词（关系代词：what/which/who/whose 在句中做成分; 关系副词:when/ where/ how/why 后跟完整的句子）。
1. (2016年全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
2. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
3 (2012年全国Ⅰ卷) For a while, my parents bought me new toys. But before long, they began to see which was happening.
4. (2020年惠州高三模拟) Though we didn’t have a clear picture of how it would look like, we simply enjoyed ourselves.
8. 从句连词使用错误
2. 名词性从句引导词有: that (不作任何成分, 只起引导作用, 后跟完整的陈述句宾语从句中可省略); whether/if(表是否, 后跟完整的陈述句); 特殊疑问词（关系代词：what/which/who/whose 在句中做成分; 关系副词:when/ where/ how/why 后跟完整的句子）。
1. (2016年全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
2. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
3 (2012年全国Ⅰ卷) For a while, my parents bought me new toys. But before long, they began to see which was happening.
4. (2020年惠州高三模拟) Though we didn’t have a clear picture of how it would look like, we simply enjoyed ourselves.
where
that
what
what
8. 从句连词使用错误
3. 状语从句连词主要包括 when/while/as soon as/since/before/after; where; because /as /since; so/such...that; if/in case/unless; though/although 等。状语从句常考的有so...that/such...that(如此...以至于, 引导结果状语从句) , so that (以便于, 引导目的状语从句)的误用; though/although不能和 but 连用, 但可以和 yet 连用; because/since 不能和 so 连用等。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.
2. (2016 年全国Ⅰ卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
3. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
8. 从句连词使用错误
3. 状语从句连词主要包括 when/while/as soon as/since/before/after; where; because /as /since; so/such...that; if/in case/unless; though/although 等。状语从句常考的有so...that/such...that(如此...以至于, 引导结果状语从句) , so that (以便于, 引导目的状语从句)的误用; though/although不能和 but 连用, 但可以和 yet 连用; because/since 不能和 so 连用等。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.
2. (2016 年全国Ⅰ卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
3. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
so
that
8. 从句连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
2. (2021年高三联考) If you work hard, and you will make great progress.
3. (自编题) Work hard, you will make great progress.
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷) First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅲ卷) I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
1. 常考的并列连词有：and; both ...and ...；not only ... but (also) ...; neither ...nor ...等表示顺承或递进关系；but; yet; while 等表示对比或转折关系；or; either ...or ...; not ...but ...表示选择关系；for, so表示因果关系。常考or与and的误用; and与but的误用；so与but 的误用等。
2. 也要注意考状语或状语从句和主句之间多加并列连词或并列句少加并列连词的情况，这样的句法错误很难发现。
9. 并列连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
2. (2021年高三联考) If you work hard, and you will make great progress.
3. (自编题) Work hard, you will make great progress.
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷) First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅲ卷) I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
1. 常考的并列连词有：and; both ...and ...；not only ... but (also) ...; neither ...nor ...等表示顺承或递进关系；but; yet; while 等表示对比或转折关系；or; either ...or ...; not ...but ...表示选择关系；for, so表示因果关系。常考or与and的误用; and与but的误用；so与but 的误用等。
so
and
2. 也要注意考状语或状语从句和主句之间多加并列连词或并列句少加并列连词的情况，这样的句法错误很难发现。
∧
and
but
9. 并列连词使用错误
代词错误
横向错误：
五个格来回变：主格—宾格—形容词性物主代词—名词性物主代词—反身代词
（特别注意：me-mine-my-myself之间的错误）
纵向错误：
如本来有两个人，后面变成一个人：代词的单复数，如it与them。
特殊错误：
either... or 和 neither...nor...的错误；
here 与there用混了；
other与 another用混
1. (2021年全国乙卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. Firstly,.. That’s our view on housework.
2. (2020 2卷) Best of luck with yours learning Kong fu in China.
3. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷) From then on, I started to play my football with classmates after school.
4. (2019 3卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.
1. 关注代词误用常考类型：指代人称不一致; 代词的性别不一致；代指单复数不一致；代词的格与文章的逻辑意义不一致；反身代词误用；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词混淆; 形容词性物主代词的少用等。
10. 代词使用错误
1. (2021年全国乙卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. Firstly,.. That’s our view on housework.
2. (2020 2卷) Best of luck with yours learning Kong fu in China.
3. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷) From then on, I started to play my football with classmates after school.
4. (2019 3卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.
1. 关注代词误用常考类型：指代人称不一致; 代词的性别不一致；代指单复数不一致；代词的格与文章的逻辑意义不一致；反身代词误用；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词混淆; 形容词性物主代词的少用等。
themselves
my
your
10. 代词使用错误
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school.
2. (2009 年全国新课标) I’ m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.
3. (2021·银川质量检测)What’s more, I’ll be able to tell students from another countries about China and learn about their countries as well.
2. 牢记下列不定代词的用法:many 和 much 的误用; few/a few 和 little/a little 的误用；all 和both 的误用；other 与 another 误用等；some 和 any的误用；neither 和 either 的误用。
10. 代词使用错误
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school.
2. (2009 年全国新课标) I’ m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.
3. (2021·银川质量检测)What’s more, I’ll be able to tell students from another countries about China and learn about their countries as well.
2. 牢记下列不定代词的用法:many 和 much 的误用; few/a few 和 little/a little 的误用；all 和both 的误用；other 与 another 误用等；some 和 any的误用；neither 和 either 的误用。
other
both
everything
10. 代词使用错误
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time ,I ever felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of 1.________ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2.________ (extreme) heavy. It 3.________ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was 4.________ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 5.________ (wool) goods. He was 6.________ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding 7.________ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had a long and 8.________ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box 9.________ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3，500 for the cost of the trip, which was 10.________ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2，000.
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of 1.________ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2.________ (extreme) heavy. It 3.________ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was 4.________ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 5.________ (wool) goods. He was 6.________ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding 7.________ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had a long and 8.________ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box 9.________ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3，500 for the cost of the trip, which was 10.________ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2，000.
wooden
extremely
suddenly
astonished
wollen
so
silently
comfortable
secretly
more
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
∧
the
found
other
here
chickens
∧
in
或 where
selling
happy
and
再见
SEE YOU NEXT TIME
认真写作业
短文改错专项
学习目标
了解短文改错的考情（含命题方式、答题要求、考点频率）
能够结合短文材料以及语法知识 分析并纠正短文错误。
短文改错命题规律解析
全国Ⅰ卷短文改错体裁、主题、设错角度分析
高考短文改错大数据分析
卷别 体裁 主题 短文 词数 设错角度
名词 代 动词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 冠词 数词
2021全国乙卷 说明文 作者对做家务的看法 105 1 1 4 2 1 1 /
/
2020全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 作者做西红柿炒蛋的过程 113 1 1 3 2 / 2 1 /
2019全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 作者偶然踢进一个球从而对足球产生兴趣 95 2 1 2 1 / 1 1
1
2018全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 拜访祖父母反应家乡巨大变化 108 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 /
1. 短文改错主要考察考生在语篇中准确综合运用语言知识的能力。体裁以记叙文和说明文
为主, 主要涉及发生在学生身边的熟悉话题，如劳动、学校家庭生活等，词数100词左右。
2. 错误类型相对稳定。试题多是错词8个，多词1个，少次1个，即8：1：1原则，但个别年
份多词和缺词可能一共有3个。
3. 设错角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑。
词法考频最多的是动词，其次是词性无用、形容词和副词、名词、介词、冠词和代词；
句法考察以并列连词和从句连词为主；
行文逻辑主要考察时态一致和指代一致。
4. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
短文改错命题规律解析
短文改错解题步骤
错误类型口诀
动名形副，介冠连代，逻数，∧ ， \
在横线下方改一词
添一词
删一词
v. → 词形（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语、虚拟语气）；词性（n. adj.）
n. → 词形（单复数、不可数名词、所有格）；词性（adj.）
adj. → 词形（比较级、最高级、原形）；词性（adv. n.）
adv. → 词形（比较级、最高级、原形、late, later, latter, latest ,lately）；词性（adj.）
prep. → 词形（hard/hardly; high/highly; beside/besides; near/nearly...)
→ 类别搭配误用(for, in ,at, with, from, through, against...）
art. → 词形（a, an, the）
conj. → 并列类别连词误用（and, but, or）
→ 主从类别连词误用 （what, which, when,while, as，so, though,
where, whether, if, because，how, who, whose...）
pron. → 词形(主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词）
num. → 词形（基数词，序数词，分数）
逻辑→ （with/without; here/there; before/after；never/ ever; from now on/from then on ）
添art.: 名词单数前；固定搭配（as a result, in the 19th century）
添prep.: 不及物动词后（listen to...）；固定搭配（in science）
添助动词.: 被动语态；部分倒装局结构
删art.: 泛指的复数名词前(all kinds of flowers)；零冠词结构中（in addition；for example）
删prep.: 及物动词后（serve sb）
删助动词.:主动语态结构中
动词错误
谓语动词与非谓语动词之间的错误
改错原理：一个句子结构中无并列连词有且只有一个动词做谓语。(一山不能容二虎)
谓语动词内部错误
①时态用错：如一般现在→过去
②被动用错
③动词现在的单三问题。
④不规则动词的形式：不规则动词过去式和过去分词。
⑤虚拟语气：表建议的情态动词should+do→ should省略了，动词没有用原形；should写成了can.
非谓语动词内部错误
①doing，to do，done的互变。
②to do还是do？（let/ make/help）
③to do还是to doing？当to是介词的时候后加doing。（比如look forward to doing）
④介词+doing
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others. They kept very much to themselves.
2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.
3. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful information from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!
1. 识别时态是否一致：检查每一个谓语从此时态与上下文及该句时间状语是否一致；检查助动词have/has/had等助动词后面的动词形式是否一致。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others. They kept very much to themselves.
2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.
3. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful information from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!
1. 识别时态是否一致：检查每一个谓语从此时态与上下文及该句时间状语是否一致；检查助动词have/has/had等助动词后面的动词形式是否一致。
keep
started
begun
comes
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国乙卷) I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
2.（2020年新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
3. (2017年全国Ⅲ卷) About one month later after his photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.4. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.
2. 判断平行或并列结构是否一致:平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常一致。关键一定要辨别清楚and, or等词后的动词与前面那个动词并列。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国乙卷) I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
2.（2020年新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
3. (2017年全国Ⅲ卷) About one month later after his photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.4. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.
2. 判断平行或并列结构是否一致:平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常一致。关键一定要辨别清楚and, or等词后的动词与前面那个动词并列。
tidy
think
became
told
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2016年新课标I卷) Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cook.
2. (2015年新课标I卷) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.
3. (2021 山东模考题) Our class won the second place and our efforts were paid off.
3. 留心语态错误：构成被动语态的过去分词是否写成了过去式、现在分词；被动语态的句子缺了be或主动语态句子多了be。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2016年新课标I卷) Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cook.
2. (2015年新课标I卷) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.
3. (2021 山东模考题) Our class won the second place and our efforts were paid off.
3. 留心语态错误：构成被动语态的过去分词是否写成了过去式、现在分词；被动语态的句子缺了be或主动语态句子多了be。
used
1. 判断主谓语是关键:可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数；动名词doing、to do不定式、名词性从句或不定代词做主语, 谓语动词一般用第三人称单数; 就近原则：not only A but also B/Either A or B/neither A nor B作主语谓语动词要与B 保持一致; there be A and B中be与A保持一致；就远原则：A along with / together with /as well as /including /but /except B 作主语谓语动词要和A保持一致; 倒装句中要找出句子的主语再判断谓语动词单复数; 定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.
2.(2021年 高三联考) Learning a foreign language take us lots of time.
3.(2021 年高三联考) Not only John but also I are going to Shanghai next week.
3. (2021年惠州市高三模拟) I, together with my parents and cousins, were planning to have a fantastic beach day.
4. (2020年长春外国语学校质检)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.
1. 谓语动词错误
1. 判断主谓语是关键:可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数；动名词doing、to do不定式、名词性从句或不定代词做主语, 谓语动词一般用第三人称单数; 就近原则：not only A but also B/Either A or B/neither A nor B作主语谓语动词要与B 保持一致; there be A and B中be与A保持一致；就远原则：A along with / together with /as well as /including /but /except B 作主语谓语动词要和A保持一致; 倒装句中要找出句子的主语再判断谓语动词单复数; 定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.
2.(2021年 高三联考) Learning a foreign language take us lots of time.
3.(2021 年高三联考) Not only John but also I are going to Shanghai next week.
3. (2021年惠州市高三模拟) I, together with my parents and cousins, were planning to have a fantastic beach day.
4. (2020年长春外国语学校质检)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.
doesn’t
takes
are
was
knows
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年模考题)Various performances, including dancing and singing, was shown during the festival. (改错)
2.（2021年天一大联考改编题) China, which is recognized widely as the hometown of tea, gain a big reputation of tea planting....
2. 辨别附加成分是难点：对于分割现象，可以用删减原则：从整体把握主干，去掉句中的插入语、非谓语动词、定语从句等分割干扰成分，使句子结构简化，一目了然。
1. 谓语动词错误
1. (2021年模考题)Various performances, including dancing and singing, was shown during the festival. (改错)
2.（2021年天一大联考改编题) China, which is recognized widely as the hometown of tea, gain a big reputation of tea planting....
2. 辨别附加成分是难点：对于分割现象，可以用删减原则：从整体把握主干，去掉句中的插入语、非谓语动词、定语从句等分割干扰成分，使句子结构简化，一目了然。
were
gains
1. 谓语动词错误
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2019 年新课标I卷) All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
1. 辨清非谓语动词和谓语动词：当简单句中已经有谓语动词，另一动词不作并列谓语，该动词只能用非谓语动词。
2. to do不定式 的两种考法：下列情况要用省略to 的不定式结构作宾语补足语：make/let/have sb do sth；see/watch/notice/hear sb do sth (强调动作的全过程)；下列情况要用to do 不定式结构作宾语或宾补:want/decide/plan/would like to do sth等，want/need/allow/encourage/invite sb to do sth 等。
1. (2021年江西重点高中联考) Please let me to know when you will be free.
2. (2019年 全国全国Ⅲ卷) I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”.
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2019 年新课标I卷) All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
1. 辨清非谓语动词和谓语动词：当简单句中已经有谓语动词，另一动词不作并列谓语，该动词只能用非谓语动词。
saying
2. to do不定式 的两种考法：下列情况要用省略to 的不定式结构作宾语补足语：make/let/have sb do sth；see/watch/notice/hear sb do sth (强调动作的全过程)；下列情况要用to do 不定式结构作宾语或宾补:want/decide/plan/would like to do sth等，want/need/allow/encourage/invite sb to do sth 等。
1. (2021年江西重点高中联考) Please let me to know when you will be free.
2. (2019年 全国全国Ⅲ卷) I want my cafe have a special theme such as “Tang Dynasty”.
waiting
to
∧
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
2. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
3. 作主语或宾语用动词-ing形式或to do 不定式；介词后作宾语用动词-ing 形式，但要注意介词的省略：spend 时间(in) doing sth; be busy(in) doing sth; have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 。
4. 情感类现在分词doing形容词和过去分词形容词done的区别：前者意为令人...的一般修饰物；后者意为感到...的一般形容人。
1. (2020 全国Ⅲ卷) My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family.
2. (2019年全国I卷) I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.
2. 非谓语动词错误
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
2. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
3. 作主语或宾语用动词-ing形式或to do 不定式；介词后作宾语用动词-ing 形式，但要注意介词的省略：spend 时间(in) doing sth; be busy(in) doing sth; have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 。
talking
4. 情感类现在分词doing形容词和过去分词形容词done的区别：前者意为令人...的一般修饰物；后者意为感到...的一般形容人。
1. (2020 全国Ⅲ卷) My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family.
2. (2019年全国I卷) I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.
concerned
interested
managing
形容词和副词的错误
① adj.和adv.之间的错误
adv（一般带有ly）修饰名词。改法:去掉ly改成adj
adj修饰形容词/副词/动词。改法:加上ly改成adv。
adj加个逗号，位于句首。adj，________改成副词（ly）比如Lucky, I have a good time。把lucky改成luckily。
主系表结构中，表语的位置，比如：n +is/become/get/seem/feel +adv.把adv改成adj.
②形容词和副词的内部错误
比较级和最高级和原级的误用。good better best；多音节的形副。
比较级本身构成错误：比如more easier （可以去掉more,也可以改成much）
③特殊词错误
much /many的误用
hardly, hard的误用
late/later/latest/lately的误用
beside/ besides的误用
high/ highly的误用
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Immediate, I raised my hand.
1. 形容词、副词的词性误用：形容词常修饰名词或代词作定语、在主系表结构中作表语来说明主语的情况也可在主谓宾宾补结构中作宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的情况；副词常修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词或整个句子作状语。
2. 形容词、副词的比较等级的误用：as+形容词/副词原级+as; much/even/far/a little/a bit/a lot+形容词副词比较级+than; the+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among等。
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mental relaxation from study.
2. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) They were also the best and worse years in my life
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) Immediate, I raised my hand.
1. 形容词、副词的词性误用：形容词常修饰名词或代词作定语、在主系表结构中作表语来说明主语的情况也可在主谓宾宾补结构中作宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的情况；副词常修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词或整个句子作状语。
mental
2. 形容词、副词的比较等级的误用：as+形容词/副词原级+as; much/even/far/a little/a bit/a lot+形容词副词比较级+than; the+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among等。
1. (2021年全国乙卷)What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mental relaxation from study.
2. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) They were also the best and worse years in my life
immediately
worst
more
(2021 模考题)They are usually curious when they firs t arrive a foreign country. Therefore, if they stay for a long time, they may start to feel different stages of culture shock.
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2019年全国I卷) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.
2. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.
3. 常见的形容词、副词辨析: hard adv. 努力地；猛烈地/hardly adv. 几乎不；beside 介词 在...旁边/besides adv. 此外；very much 非常/very well 好地；完全地；清楚地；deep 深地（具体）/deeply 深深地（抽象）等。
4. 注意重点连接副词的误用：however 表转折意为“然而”；therefore 表结果，意为因此。
(2021 模考题)They are usually curious when they firs t arrive a foreign country. Therefore, if they stay for a long time, they may start to feel different stages of culture shock.
3. 形容词和副词的误用
1. (2019年全国I卷) I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.
2. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.
3. 常见的形容词、副词辨析: hard adv. 努力地；猛烈地/hardly adv. 几乎不；beside 介词 在...旁边/besides adv. 此外；very much 非常/very well 好地；完全地；清楚地；deep 深地（具体）/deeply 深深地（抽象）等。
hard
4. 注意重点连接副词的误用：however 表转折意为“然而”；therefore 表结果，意为因此。
Besides
However
名词错误
①±S的错误
①该用复数的时候用单数。
②该用单数的时候用复数。如one of +n(s)
③不可数名词加s。如:advices、airs、knowledges
②±'S的错误
即有没有名词所有格的错误（少见，考过2次）
③主系表里的错误
表语应该用名词，却用了形容词。...the key to his success is honest. （少见，考过1次）
( honest应该改成honesty)
4.名词的误用
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other.
2. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
1. 理清单复数的使用情况：根据句意和语境判断清楚应用名词单数还是复数形式。
2. 不可数名词的误用：不可数名词没有复数，前面一般不能用a/an修饰。要牢记常考的不可数名词：advice, news, information, progress, work, fun,weather, music, air, health, luck 等
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.
2. (2015年全国Ⅰ卷) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.
3. 名词所有格：应该用名词所有格却没有用或不该用的却误用了名词所有格。
1. (2018 全国2卷) When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.
2. (2011 全国新课标) When I finally arrived at my friend he lend me lots of clothes.
4.名词的误用
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other.
2. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
1. 理清单复数的使用情况：根据句意和语境判断清楚应用名词单数还是复数形式。
friends
2. 不可数名词的误用：不可数名词没有复数，前面一般不能用a/an修饰。要牢记常考的不可数名词：advice, news, information, progress, work, fun,weather, music, air, health, luck 等
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.
2. (2015年全国Ⅰ卷) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.
vacation
information
3. 名词所有格：应该用名词所有格却没有用或不该用的却误用了名词所有格。
1. (2018 全国2卷) When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.
2. (2011 全国新课标) When I finally arrived at my friend he lend me lots of clothes.
Friday
friend’s
air
冠词错误
①冠词的有无
（1）去掉冠词 如:for a example改成：for example.
（2）加冠词 如：As result 改法：改成As a result.
②冠词用错了：a an/ the的互变
（1）靠翻译来判断：特指、泛指的翻译（适合90%）：
（2）the（这个，那个，这些，那些），a/an（有一个）
1. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) I still remember how hard first day was.
2. (2015年全国I卷) I miss my home in countryside.
5.冠词的误用
1. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
2. (2017年 全国Ⅱ卷) They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
1. a和an 误用: a/an泛指一个, a用于辅音音素开头名词前, 如a university, a unique style; an 用于元音因素的名词前, 如an hour, an honest man, an important person 等。
2. a/an和the误用: the表特指, 一般译为这个或那个, 也常考冠词a/an/the 的固定搭配。
3. 零冠词：有些情况不用冠词，如季节、月份、星期、一日三餐、语言、学科、运动游戏名、by+交通方式、不可数名词或复数名词表泛指等。
1. (2014年全国Ⅱ卷) There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom building.
2. (2021年模拟试题) I usually play the basketball in my spare time.
1. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) I still remember how hard first day was.
2. (2015年全国I卷) I miss my home in countryside.
5.冠词的误用
1. (2019年全国Ⅲ卷) Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
2. (2017年 全国Ⅱ卷) They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
1. a和an 误用: a/an泛指一个, a用于辅音音素开头名词前, 如a university, a unique style; an 用于元音因素的名词前, 如an hour, an honest man, an important person 等。
a
an
the
2. a/an和the误用: the表特指, 一般译为这个或那个, 也常考冠词a/an/the 的固定搭配。
3. 零冠词：有些情况不用冠词，如季节、月份、星期、一日三餐、语言、学科、运动游戏名、by+交通方式、不可数名词或复数名词表泛指等。
1. (2014年全国Ⅱ卷) There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom building.
2. (2021年模拟试题) I usually play the basketball in my spare time.
∧
∧
the
介词错误
“有无介词”的错误
及物动词+介词+名词（ ）改法：去掉介词 buy for sth
不及物动词+名词（ ）改法：加上相对应的介词。dream of ,
固定搭配 go shopping (go on shopping )；动词词组
定语从句when,where,why后面多了个介词
I like the room where my sister used to live in. 去掉介词in
1. (2018 年全国Ⅱ卷) Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.2. (2016 年全国1卷) Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
(2018 年全国1卷) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.
2.
6.介词的误用
1. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) I’m glad to know that you have come China to learn Kong fu in a school in my hometown.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅱ卷) They have also bought for some gardening tools.
1. 及物动词（vt.）后直接加宾语，无需跟介词；不及物动词（vi.）后需要加介词才能跟宾语。
2. this/that/last/next/every/each等修饰的时间短语单独作状语前面不加介词。
3. 介词搭配误用
1. (2018 年全国Ⅱ卷) Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.2. (2016 年全国1卷) Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
(2018 年全国1卷) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.
2.
6.介词的误用
1. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷) I’m glad to know that you have come China to learn Kong fu in a school in my hometown.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅱ卷) They have also bought for some gardening tools.
1. 及物动词（vt.）后直接加宾语，无需跟介词；不及物动词（vi.）后需要加介词才能跟宾语。
to
2. this/that/last/next/every/each等修饰的时间短语单独作状语前面不加介词。
3. 介词搭配误用
∧
with
with
数词错误
基数词和序数词的混用错误
(2020 年高三联考) Last Sunday, I met a foreigner in her fifty.
7.数词的误用（低频考点）
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
2. (2021年 高三联考) About eighth years ago, I went to visit my grandfather during the summer holiday.
1. 基数词和序数词错用或混用：基数词表数量，序数词表顺序，即第几。
2. in one’s+整十数基数词复数 表示在某人几时多岁时；in the +整十数基数词复数表示在几十年代
(2020 年高三联考) Last Sunday, I met a foreigner in her fifty.
7.数词的误用（低频考点）
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
2. (2021年 高三联考) About eighth years ago, I went to visit my grandfather during the summer holiday.
1. 基数词和序数词错用或混用：基数词表数量，序数词表顺序，即第几。
eighteenth
eight
2. in one’s+整十数基数词复数 表示在某人几时多岁时；in the +整十数基数词复数表示在几十年代
fifties
连词错误
并列连词的错误
多了：如although与but不能同时出现、because与so不能同时出现。
错了：and/but/or/so之间的误用
方法：翻译上下句，然后不看连接词，通过句意判断是一致，还是相反。
1.更改从句类型。比如名词性从句和定语从句的互变。 比如what和which的互变。
2. 定语从句中错误
①... , that/what... （改成which）
②介词in, through等+ that ...（改成which）
③in which= where 缺少介词错误
④先行词是不定代词，比较级和最高级应该用that
3. 状语从句的连词逻辑错误。（原因，结果，让步，并列？）要靠翻译。
从句的连词错误
1. 定语从句引导词有关系代词和关系副词，从句中缺成分用关系代词that/which/who/whom(宾格)/whose，若从句不缺成分用关系副词when(先行词是时间)/where(先行词是地点)/why(先行词是reason)；what不能作定语从句引导词；非限定定语从句不能用that /what等引导。
8. 从句连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅱ卷) Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
2. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷) Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
3. (2019年全国I卷) One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
4. (2018年全国 I卷) They also had a small pond which they raise fish.
1. 定语从句引导词有关系代词和关系副词，从句中缺成分用关系代词that/which/who/whom(宾格)/whose，若从句不缺成分用关系副词when(先行词是时间)/where(先行词是地点)/why(先行词是reason)；what不能作定语从句引导词；非限定定语从句不能用that /what等引导。
8. 从句连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅱ卷) Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
2. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷) Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
3. (2019年全国I卷) One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
4. (2018年全国 I卷) They also had a small pond which they raise fish.
which
which
when
where
2. 名词性从句引导词有: that (不作任何成分, 只起引导作用, 后跟完整的陈述句宾语从句中可省略); whether/if(表是否, 后跟完整的陈述句); 特殊疑问词（关系代词：what/which/who/whose 在句中做成分; 关系副词:when/ where/ how/why 后跟完整的句子）。
1. (2016年全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
2. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
3 (2012年全国Ⅰ卷) For a while, my parents bought me new toys. But before long, they began to see which was happening.
4. (2020年惠州高三模拟) Though we didn’t have a clear picture of how it would look like, we simply enjoyed ourselves.
8. 从句连词使用错误
2. 名词性从句引导词有: that (不作任何成分, 只起引导作用, 后跟完整的陈述句宾语从句中可省略); whether/if(表是否, 后跟完整的陈述句); 特殊疑问词（关系代词：what/which/who/whose 在句中做成分; 关系副词:when/ where/ how/why 后跟完整的句子）。
1. (2016年全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
2. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
3 (2012年全国Ⅰ卷) For a while, my parents bought me new toys. But before long, they began to see which was happening.
4. (2020年惠州高三模拟) Though we didn’t have a clear picture of how it would look like, we simply enjoyed ourselves.
where
that
what
what
8. 从句连词使用错误
3. 状语从句连词主要包括 when/while/as soon as/since/before/after; where; because /as /since; so/such...that; if/in case/unless; though/although 等。状语从句常考的有so...that/such...that(如此...以至于, 引导结果状语从句) , so that (以便于, 引导目的状语从句)的误用; though/although不能和 but 连用, 但可以和 yet 连用; because/since 不能和 so 连用等。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.
2. (2016 年全国Ⅰ卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
3. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
8. 从句连词使用错误
3. 状语从句连词主要包括 when/while/as soon as/since/before/after; where; because /as /since; so/such...that; if/in case/unless; though/although 等。状语从句常考的有so...that/such...that(如此...以至于, 引导结果状语从句) , so that (以便于, 引导目的状语从句)的误用; though/although不能和 but 连用, 但可以和 yet 连用; because/since 不能和 so 连用等。
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.
2. (2016 年全国Ⅰ卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
3. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.
so
that
8. 从句连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
2. (2021年高三联考) If you work hard, and you will make great progress.
3. (自编题) Work hard, you will make great progress.
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷) First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅲ卷) I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
1. 常考的并列连词有：and; both ...and ...；not only ... but (also) ...; neither ...nor ...等表示顺承或递进关系；but; yet; while 等表示对比或转折关系；or; either ...or ...; not ...but ...表示选择关系；for, so表示因果关系。常考or与and的误用; and与but的误用；so与but 的误用等。
2. 也要注意考状语或状语从句和主句之间多加并列连词或并列句少加并列连词的情况，这样的句法错误很难发现。
9. 并列连词使用错误
1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
2. (2021年高三联考) If you work hard, and you will make great progress.
3. (自编题) Work hard, you will make great progress.
1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷) First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
2. (2017 年全国Ⅲ卷) I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.
1. 常考的并列连词有：and; both ...and ...；not only ... but (also) ...; neither ...nor ...等表示顺承或递进关系；but; yet; while 等表示对比或转折关系；or; either ...or ...; not ...but ...表示选择关系；for, so表示因果关系。常考or与and的误用; and与but的误用；so与but 的误用等。
so
and
2. 也要注意考状语或状语从句和主句之间多加并列连词或并列句少加并列连词的情况，这样的句法错误很难发现。
∧
and
but
9. 并列连词使用错误
代词错误
横向错误：
五个格来回变：主格—宾格—形容词性物主代词—名词性物主代词—反身代词
（特别注意：me-mine-my-myself之间的错误）
纵向错误：
如本来有两个人，后面变成一个人：代词的单复数，如it与them。
特殊错误：
either... or 和 neither...nor...的错误；
here 与there用混了；
other与 another用混
1. (2021年全国乙卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. Firstly,.. That’s our view on housework.
2. (2020 2卷) Best of luck with yours learning Kong fu in China.
3. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷) From then on, I started to play my football with classmates after school.
4. (2019 3卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.
1. 关注代词误用常考类型：指代人称不一致; 代词的性别不一致；代指单复数不一致；代词的格与文章的逻辑意义不一致；反身代词误用；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词混淆; 形容词性物主代词的少用等。
10. 代词使用错误
1. (2021年全国乙卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. Firstly,.. That’s our view on housework.
2. (2020 2卷) Best of luck with yours learning Kong fu in China.
3. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷) From then on, I started to play my football with classmates after school.
4. (2019 3卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.
1. 关注代词误用常考类型：指代人称不一致; 代词的性别不一致；代指单复数不一致；代词的格与文章的逻辑意义不一致；反身代词误用；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词混淆; 形容词性物主代词的少用等。
themselves
my
your
10. 代词使用错误
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school.
2. (2009 年全国新课标) I’ m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.
3. (2021·银川质量检测)What’s more, I’ll be able to tell students from another countries about China and learn about their countries as well.
2. 牢记下列不定代词的用法:many 和 much 的误用; few/a few 和 little/a little 的误用；all 和both 的误用；other 与 another 误用等；some 和 any的误用；neither 和 either 的误用。
10. 代词使用错误
1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school.
2. (2009 年全国新课标) I’ m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.
3. (2021·银川质量检测)What’s more, I’ll be able to tell students from another countries about China and learn about their countries as well.
2. 牢记下列不定代词的用法:many 和 much 的误用; few/a few 和 little/a little 的误用；all 和both 的误用；other 与 another 误用等；some 和 any的误用；neither 和 either 的误用。
other
both
everything
10. 代词使用错误
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time ,I ever felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of 1.________ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2.________ (extreme) heavy. It 3.________ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was 4.________ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 5.________ (wool) goods. He was 6.________ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding 7.________ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had a long and 8.________ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box 9.________ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3，500 for the cost of the trip, which was 10.________ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2，000.
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of 1.________ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2.________ (extreme) heavy. It 3.________ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was 4.________ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 5.________ (wool) goods. He was 6.________ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding 7.________ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had a long and 8.________ (comfort) trip, for he had been confined (关在)to the wooden box 9.________ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3，500 for the cost of the trip, which was 10.________ expensive than the normal price, which only cost ￡2，000.
wooden
extremely
suddenly
astonished
wollen
so
silently
comfortable
secretly
more
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
∧
the
found
other
here
chickens
∧
in
或 where
selling
happy
and
再见
SEE YOU NEXT TIME
认真写作业