英语高中人教版选修十Unit 1《Nothing ventured,nothing gained》语法课件

课件33张PPT。The AttributeI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the Attribute.
1. There was one thing disturbing Tom: she did not know Mrs Flower had a pet dog.
2. There is only one thing left for me to do.
3. The money that Mrs Flower had should be passed to the right person.
4. Do you know the third boy from the back of the first team?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. Charles comes from a word meaning” man of the common people” --- a man who works on the land.
6. A man known as Tom Kingcook might have been a cook for a king.
7. A man who worked as a tailor might be called Mr Tailor.
8. A man who was the son of Jack might call himself Jackson.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________II. Complete the following sentences:
A man _________________(摔断了一条腿的）was waiting to see the detective.
One of the letters __________________ (在科尔先生信箱里） is from the police station.
Mr Baker is in the office
_________________(在二楼）just next to the stairs.with a broken legin Mr. Coal’s mailboxon the second floor4. Have you talked with______________
(不认识的）man _________________________ _______________(在侦探身边坐着）？
5. They can see ___________(微笑的）faces everywhere in the village.
6. Could you let me have a piece of _______________(写信用的）paper, please?
7. In the end he found a way _____________________________________ (解决这个难题）.
8. Is there any news _________________________________________(有关他是否遇见了那位年轻妇女）？ the unknownsitting beside thedetectivesmilingwritingto solve the difficult problemabout whether he has met the young womanIII. 定语从句：
(一）关系词的确定与选择
一看先行词（人/物）
二看关系词在从句中的作用（主/谓/宾/表/定/状/补）
三看特殊用法
1． 在下列情况下只用that，不用which
① 先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one等不定代词时
There is nothing ( that ) I can do.
I mean the one that was brought yesterday.
② 先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时
I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
You may take home any of these books that you like.
③.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
This is the first composition (that)he has written in English.
This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.
④先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the same, the last修饰时
The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like.
This is the very book (that) I want to find.
The last place( that) we visited was
the hospital.
⑤??? 当先行词有两个或两个以上时,既有人又有物,定语从句用that 引导
(that既可指人也可指物)
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
2． 下列情况不能使用that,而用which
① that 不能引导非限制性定语从句
Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
② that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom）
The person ________I am speaking just now is our English teacher.
The prize ________he worked so hard was a new bicycle.
to whom for which 3. as 做关系代词的用法
1． 关系代词常出现在the same…as, such…as, so…as, as…as 等结构中
This is not such a book as I expected.
I live in the same building as he (lives in).
As many children as came here were my father’s pupils.
★??? the same…that…和the same…as…的区别
I have bought the same watch as you have.
我买了一块和你一样的手表。
（我的手表和你的手表很像，但不是同一块。）
This is the same watch that I lost.
这就是我丢的那块手表。
（这手表和我丢的手表是同一块） ★ such..., so nice a day…短语后缺少一个成分时，一般用as引导定语从句；
so / such …that不缺少成分时，用that 引导状语从句。
It’s so nice a day _________ we all want to have a walk along the river.
It’s so special a day _________ I’ll never forget all my life. that asHere is so big a stone ________ no man can lift.
This is so big a stone _______ no man can lift it.asthat 4． as引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号前的整个句子（即先行词），可置于句首或句末。
This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.
Mary was late for school, as often happened.
As is known to all, the earth is round.
★ 当as作主语时，后面常接下列句型：
1．as has been said before 如上所述
2．as may be imagined
正如可以想象出来的那样
3．as is well known 众所周知
4．as was expected 正如预料的那样
5．as has been already pointed out
正如已经指出的那样
6．as we all can see 正如我们都能看到的
★??as 指代一句话和which 指代一句话的用法区别
当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时，用which。
He made a long speech, ________ was expected.
He made a long speech, _________was unexpected.
Tom drinks a lot every day, _________ his wife doesn’t like at all.
aswhichwhich5. whose + n 表示所属关系，可变为n + of which/ whom，
★ 表示部分关系时，也可用部分关系词 + of which/ whom.
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by the angry crowd.
6. 关系副词when, where, why也相当于介词 (on, in, at, for) + which
I’ll never forget the years ____________ we worked together.
I’ll never forget the day _______________ I joined the Party. in which /whenon which/ when7、 “介词＋关系代词”的确定： “介词 + 关系代词”在逻辑上作定语从句中的状语或定语，可以转化成一个单句，推断出其需要的介词。
The stories about the Long March, ________ this is one example, are well written.
This is one example of the stories.
of which8、定语从句中关系词的省略情况：
1、关系代词作定语从句的宾语可以省去，作主语或介词提前时，不能省略。
2、 在reason, way, time作先行词时，后面的关系词可用that，也可以省略。
I admired the way (that) he answered this question.
（二）定语从句中的主谓一致
引导词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词人称和数要根据引导词所指内容而定。例如：
1.? Here are such sentences as _______often used by the students.
2.? I, who ______a Party member, should work hard for our country.
3.? He was one of the students who ________praised for it.
4.? He was the only one of the students who ________praised for it. areamwerewas（三）易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句
1． 定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系“……的（名词）”。而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。that在定语从句中作成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。试比较：
①??? We all have heard the news _________ our team won.
②??? We don’t believe the news ___________ he told us yesterday.that (同位语从句，that从句表示news的内容，that 在从句中不作任何成分)
that/which (定语从句，that 作told 的宾语)
2． 定语从句与状语从句。试比较：
①??? He left the key___________ he had been an hour before.
②??? He left the place ___________he lived for many years.
③??? He is such a good teacher ____________all of us love and respect.
where(where引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where)
where(where 引导定语从句，修饰the place)
as (as 引导定语从句)
①??? He is such a good teacher _________we all like him.
3． 定语从句与主语从句。试比较：
①?___________is known to us all, paper was first made in China.
②?___________is known to us all that paper was first made in China.that(that引导结果状语从句,such…that… “如此…以致…” As(as 引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首)
It (it 做形式主语，代替that 引导的主语从句)
4．定语从句与强调结构。试比较：
①??? It is the house __________I met the young man.
②??? It was in the house ___________I met the young man.
where (where 引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语
从句中作地点状语)that (本句为强调结构，可还原为I met the young man in the house.)
Extra Exercises1. It is the young man _______ looked for _______ caught the murderer.
A.that …who B. that …they
C . they …that D they…which
2.? Is this factory _______ we visited last year?
A. where B in which
C. the one D at which
3.? The book, the cover _______ is broken, is not mine.
A. of it B for C whose D of which4. This is Mr Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to tell you.
A . who B whom C. that D. x
5．??? Who _______ has seen the TV film doesn’t admire it?
A . that B who C which D as
6．??? You can never imagine what great trouble I have had ________ the patient who received a serious wound.
treat B. to treat
C treating D treated
7. This is the last time _________ I shall give you a lesson.
A. when B that C which D in which
8. I don’t like the way ________ you laugh at her.
A . that B on which C which D as
9.____ we all know, swimming is a very good sport.
A. Which B.That C.As D.Who 10.I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the farm ____ you visited last week.
A.when,where B.which,which C.when , which D.which , where
11.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A.these B.the C.that D.which
12.My glasses, ____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A.which B.with which C.without which D.that
13.A harvester is a machine ____ we harvest crops or a person ____ is harvesting.
A.which , who B.that , that
C.with which , who D./, that
14.I have bought the same dress ____ she is wearing.
A.as B.that C.which D.what
15.Chapin, _____ money was now no problem , start a new film company with his friends.
A.whose B.which C.for whom D.who
16.Please put the letter _____ he can easily find it.
A.in which B.where
C.the place where D.in the place
17.The reason ____ I was away from school is ____ I was ill yesterday.
A.that , that B.why , why
C.why, that D.that , why
18.Antarctic ,____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A.which B.where C.that D.about which
19.She was __ I met at the party , ___ you knew.
A.who , whom B.whom , who
C.the one , as D.the one , whose
20.---How do you like the book?
---It’s quite different from _ I read last month.
A.that B.which C.the one what D.the one
21. I’ll tell you ___ he told me last week.
A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all