句子的类型与三大从句归纳与练习（有答案）
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| 名称 | 句子的类型与三大从句归纳与练习（有答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-05-18 21:05:45 | ||
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句子的类型与三大从句
1.简单句：一个主语（并列主语）+ 一个谓语（并列谓语)
Simple Sentences
e.g. 1) I live in Hunnan.
2) My friend and I are out-going.
3) Ms Green got up early and went shopping.
句子
并列句：由并立连词（and, but, or 等）把两个或两个以
上的简单句连接而成。 e.g. 1) You are a student and I’m a teacher.
2) He got up early, but he was late for class.
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the bus.
复合句 ：含有从句的句子。
1 ). I hear that Bob will come back tomorrow.
. If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.
I like the music that I can dance to.
that无意无用（宾语从句中常省略）
连接词： if/whether 有意无用
wh- how 有意有用
语序：陈述句语序：主语 谓语
时态： 主用现将，从不变；主过从过对应变；真金不怕火炼。
1.Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.
A. why B. what C. who D. that
2. Mum is coming.What present______for your birthday
A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got
3.The old lady's hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and ______, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.
A. when;how B. how;when C. how;how D. why;why
4. Seeing his mother seemed uninterested in the story and _______she remained _______with her cellphone, he chose to massage her back.
A. /, occupied B. that, occupying C. /, to be occupied D. that, occupied
5.—I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
A. where B. how C. why D. if
6. I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.
A. that B. where C. what D. why
7. The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.
A. where B. why C. what D. which
8. I don't know _______.
A. how can I finish my homework on time
B. how I could finish my homework on time
C. I can how finish my homework on time
D. how I can finish my homework on time
The weatherman has forecast that it tomorrow.
A. rains B. rained C. is going to rain D. has rained
10. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句通常置于它修饰的词后，被修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词有关系代词【that(人、物）,who/whom（人）,which（物）,whose（作定语）】和关系副词（where，when, how）。关系代词（关系副词）要放在先行词与定语从句之间。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时常可省略。只能用that的情况：1）先行词为不定代词anything,nothing,all,much,few,little,any,the one等时；2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；3）先行词既有人又有物时；4）当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。
关系词 先行词 从句 成分 例句 备注
关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.
that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
注意：先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。
关系副词的用法
关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注
关系 副词 when 时间 状语 He came at a time when we needed him most. We’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. =at/in/on/during which
where 地点 状语 This is the room where he he was born. =at/in/to which
why 原因 状语 I know the reason why she studies so well. = for which
根据关系词在从句中所作成分选用关系副词/关系代词，主要取决于其在从句中所作的成分,如果表示时间、地点、原因的名词，在从句中不作状语，而作主语、宾语、表语时，用which/that。
I still remember the day that we spent together.
This is the place which we visited.
I won’t listen to the reason that you have given us.
1. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”
2. They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
3．The students benefiting most from college are those ________are totally engaged (参与) in academic life，taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources (资源)．
4. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
5.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
6．Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，________is not good for the health.
7．But Sarah，________has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
8．But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reporter ...
9. I like those books ______ topics are about history.
10. We all admire the way _____Tom treats his children.
11.When I arrived, Duran took me to see the house______ I would be staying.
12. They have 5 children, 3 of _____ are boys.
特别注意时间和条件状语从句里的“主将从现”原则。 That is to say, “Simple Present Tense means Future in a adverbial clause.”
“状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。”
如：1) We’ll go for a picnic if it _______ tomorrow.
doesn’t rain B. isn’t rain C. won’t rain
2) Don’t s get off the bus until it ______.
will stop B. stopped C. stops
Tom ________ me about that as soon as he comes back.
tells B. will tell C. has told
从属连词 引导时间状语从句 when，while，as，after，before，until/till，since，as soon as
引导原因状语从句 because，since，as
引导条件状语从句 if，unless，once，so long as
引导目的状语从句 so that，in order that
引导让步状语从句 although，though，even if，even though, whatever
引导地点状语从句 where， wherever
引导比较状语从句 than，as
引导方式状语从句 as，as if，as though
引导结果状语从句 so，so that，so...that...，such...that...
一、单句语法填空
1．He will come to call on you when he______(finish) his painting.
2．The bikes made in our factory are better ____ those made in theirs.
3．The boy is running impatiently here and there as if _______(search) for something lost on the sports ground.
4． It started to rain as soon ____he went out.
5．He made______ big a fire that the room was quite warm.
6．The old tower must be saved，______ it cost.
7． _______ he was tired，he decided not to stop to have a rest.
8．It will take us another five years _____ all the roads are repaired.
9．The doctor advised me to live _____ the air is fresh.
10． He didn’t come to school______ he was ill .
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry is 11 American businessman. One day, 12 he was sailing(航行)on a boat near San Francisco, he was carried out into the sea by a strong wind. 13 (luck), he was discovered and picked up by a London-bound(开往伦敦的)ship. So he landed in London by accident. Alone 14 hungry, he walked on the streets of the city. Unexpectedly, he 15 (call) into a big house. There two rich 16 (brother), Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told him not to open it 17 two o’clock of the day. Henry didn’t know 18 it was a million-pound(百万英镑)bank note. He left the big house and went into a cheap restaurant to get something to eat. Everyone was impolite and impatient to him. Why 19 he was in rags(衣衫褴褛)and looked dirty. Then, 20 everyone’s surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best to please Henry. Don’t you think it’s the most unbelievable story in the world
参考答案：宾语从句1∽5 ACCDB 6∽10 ABDCB
定语从句：1. which 2. who/that 3. who
which/that 5. which/that 6. which 7. who
when 9. whose 10. that 11. where 12. whom
状语从句：一、单句语法填空
Finishes 2. than 3. searching 4. as 5. so
6. whatever 7. Though 8. before 9. where 10. because
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
an 12. when 13. Luckily 14. and 15. was called
brothers 17. until 18. that 19. Because 20. to
1.简单句：一个主语（并列主语）+ 一个谓语（并列谓语)
Simple Sentences
e.g. 1) I live in Hunnan.
2) My friend and I are out-going.
3) Ms Green got up early and went shopping.
句子
并列句：由并立连词（and, but, or 等）把两个或两个以
上的简单句连接而成。 e.g. 1) You are a student and I’m a teacher.
2) He got up early, but he was late for class.
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the bus.
复合句 ：含有从句的句子。
1 ). I hear that Bob will come back tomorrow.
. If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.
I like the music that I can dance to.
that无意无用（宾语从句中常省略）
连接词： if/whether 有意无用
wh- how 有意有用
语序：陈述句语序：主语 谓语
时态： 主用现将，从不变；主过从过对应变；真金不怕火炼。
1.Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.
A. why B. what C. who D. that
2. Mum is coming.What present______for your birthday
A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got
3.The old lady's hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun half a year before, and ______, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.
A. when;how B. how;when C. how;how D. why;why
4. Seeing his mother seemed uninterested in the story and _______she remained _______with her cellphone, he chose to massage her back.
A. /, occupied B. that, occupying C. /, to be occupied D. that, occupied
5.—I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
A. where B. how C. why D. if
6. I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.
A. that B. where C. what D. why
7. The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.
A. where B. why C. what D. which
8. I don't know _______.
A. how can I finish my homework on time
B. how I could finish my homework on time
C. I can how finish my homework on time
D. how I can finish my homework on time
The weatherman has forecast that it tomorrow.
A. rains B. rained C. is going to rain D. has rained
10. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句通常置于它修饰的词后，被修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词有关系代词【that(人、物）,who/whom（人）,which（物）,whose（作定语）】和关系副词（where，when, how）。关系代词（关系副词）要放在先行词与定语从句之间。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时常可省略。只能用that的情况：1）先行词为不定代词anything,nothing,all,much,few,little,any,the one等时；2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；3）先行词既有人又有物时；4）当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。
关系词 先行词 从句 成分 例句 备注
关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.
that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
注意：先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。
关系副词的用法
关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注
关系 副词 when 时间 状语 He came at a time when we needed him most. We’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. =at/in/on/during which
where 地点 状语 This is the room where he he was born. =at/in/to which
why 原因 状语 I know the reason why she studies so well. = for which
根据关系词在从句中所作成分选用关系副词/关系代词，主要取决于其在从句中所作的成分,如果表示时间、地点、原因的名词，在从句中不作状语，而作主语、宾语、表语时，用which/that。
I still remember the day that we spent together.
This is the place which we visited.
I won’t listen to the reason that you have given us.
1. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”
2. They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
3．The students benefiting most from college are those ________are totally engaged (参与) in academic life，taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources (资源)．
4. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
5.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
6．Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，________is not good for the health.
7．But Sarah，________has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
8．But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reporter ...
9. I like those books ______ topics are about history.
10. We all admire the way _____Tom treats his children.
11.When I arrived, Duran took me to see the house______ I would be staying.
12. They have 5 children, 3 of _____ are boys.
特别注意时间和条件状语从句里的“主将从现”原则。 That is to say, “Simple Present Tense means Future in a adverbial clause.”
“状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。”
如：1) We’ll go for a picnic if it _______ tomorrow.
doesn’t rain B. isn’t rain C. won’t rain
2) Don’t s get off the bus until it ______.
will stop B. stopped C. stops
Tom ________ me about that as soon as he comes back.
tells B. will tell C. has told
从属连词 引导时间状语从句 when，while，as，after，before，until/till，since，as soon as
引导原因状语从句 because，since，as
引导条件状语从句 if，unless，once，so long as
引导目的状语从句 so that，in order that
引导让步状语从句 although，though，even if，even though, whatever
引导地点状语从句 where， wherever
引导比较状语从句 than，as
引导方式状语从句 as，as if，as though
引导结果状语从句 so，so that，so...that...，such...that...
一、单句语法填空
1．He will come to call on you when he______(finish) his painting.
2．The bikes made in our factory are better ____ those made in theirs.
3．The boy is running impatiently here and there as if _______(search) for something lost on the sports ground.
4． It started to rain as soon ____he went out.
5．He made______ big a fire that the room was quite warm.
6．The old tower must be saved，______ it cost.
7． _______ he was tired，he decided not to stop to have a rest.
8．It will take us another five years _____ all the roads are repaired.
9．The doctor advised me to live _____ the air is fresh.
10． He didn’t come to school______ he was ill .
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry is 11 American businessman. One day, 12 he was sailing(航行)on a boat near San Francisco, he was carried out into the sea by a strong wind. 13 (luck), he was discovered and picked up by a London-bound(开往伦敦的)ship. So he landed in London by accident. Alone 14 hungry, he walked on the streets of the city. Unexpectedly, he 15 (call) into a big house. There two rich 16 (brother), Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told him not to open it 17 two o’clock of the day. Henry didn’t know 18 it was a million-pound(百万英镑)bank note. He left the big house and went into a cheap restaurant to get something to eat. Everyone was impolite and impatient to him. Why 19 he was in rags(衣衫褴褛)and looked dirty. Then, 20 everyone’s surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best to please Henry. Don’t you think it’s the most unbelievable story in the world
参考答案：宾语从句1∽5 ACCDB 6∽10 ABDCB
定语从句：1. which 2. who/that 3. who
which/that 5. which/that 6. which 7. who
when 9. whose 10. that 11. where 12. whom
状语从句：一、单句语法填空
Finishes 2. than 3. searching 4. as 5. so
6. whatever 7. Though 8. before 9. where 10. because
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
an 12. when 13. Luckily 14. and 15. was called
brothers 17. until 18. that 19. Because 20. to