人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 课件（7份打包）

(共33张PPT)
Unit 2　Bridging Cultures
Learning About Language
复习名词性从句
【情境探究】
观察上面对话, 并类比填空。
1. The problem is ____we are still short of money.
2. _____do you guess will teach us Chinese next term
3. ________they would support us or not is a problem.
4. ________wins the game will be chosen to the school team.
5. Tom is no longer _____he used to be.
that
Who
Whether
Whoever
what
【要义详析】
一、主语从句(subject clause)
1. 在复合句中充当主语的从句称之为主语从句, 一般置于句首。
主语从句引导词有:
(1)连词that和whether, 在主语从句中只起连接作用, 不充当任何成分。
(2)连接代词who, whoever, whom, whose, what, whatever, which, whichever, 在主
语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。
(3)连接副词when, where, how, why, 在主语从句中作状语。
*That he worked out the complex problem astonished other students.
他解决了这个复杂的题目让其他同学感到惊讶。
*When the exam of qualification will be held hasn’t been decided.
资格考试什么时候举行还没决定。
*Whether he will participate in this campus art festival isn’t clear.
他是否参加这次校园艺术节还不清楚。
*What worried the old couple was that their children got involved in the crime.
令这对老夫妇担忧的是他们的孩子参与了这次犯罪。
*Whatever happens you may be quite sure that I will not blame you.
不管发生什么事, 你可以确信我不会责备你。
2. 为了防止句子头重脚轻, 通常把形式主语it放在句首位置, 真正主语置于句末。it作形式主语的常见句型有:
(1)It is a (fact, pity, question, wonder, good thing, surprise ) that. . .
(2)It is necessary (important, strange, natural, etc. ) that sb. should do表达惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气。
(3)It is said (expected, believed, thought, hoped, known, reported, estimated, required. . . )that. . .
(4)It seems(happened/appears/doesn’t matter /makes no difference /occurred. . . )that. . .
*It is well known to all of us that the trees can’t grow without sunlight and water.
众所周知, 树木生长离不开阳光和水。
*It is said that the new adaptation will come out next year .
据说这个新改编本将在明年出版。
*It has yet been decided when the tutor will come to give us a speech.
这个导师什么时候来给我们做演讲还没定下来。
【名师点津】that引导主语从句的省略原则
　　连词that 的省略原则: 若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首, 则that不能省略; 若使用了形式主语it, 则that有时可以省略。例如:
That you didn’t go to the talk was a pity.
很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)
It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk.
很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①_____she has became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence.
②________he can get a nursing qualification remains to be seen.
③_____will happen in the world is difficult to predict.
④_____will take the place of our original headmaster hasn’t been decided yet.
(2) __________________________next week is being discussed.
我们下周在哪里野餐正在讨论中。
That
Whether
What
Who
Where we will have the picnic
(3) ______________the chance of studying abroad is unknown.
他为什么放弃出国留学的机会不得而知。
(4) _________________is not clear to anyone.
这事怎样发生的, 谁也不清楚。
Why he gave up
How this happened
二、宾语从句(object clause)
1. 定义: 在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。它可以作谓语动词的宾语, 也可以作非谓语动词、某些介词或形容词等的宾语。
*It is foolish to believe that one’s race and civilization are superior to others. 认为自己的人种和文明高人一等是愚蠢的。
*(2020·天津高考)But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance.
但一旦我们认识并喜欢上了他们, 我们就会想, 如果我们错过了这个机会, 那将是多么可怕的事情。
*(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I’m not sure who is more frightened, me or the female gorilla that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
我不知道我和不知从哪里突然冒出来的雌性大猩猩谁更害怕。
*I don’t know whether he can win back the belief of the teacher.
我不知道他是否能赢回老师的信任。
2. 由连接词that引导宾语从句时, that在句中不充当任何成分, 在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。
(2021· 浙江高考)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier and that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中, 科学家们发现, 世界各地的人们都在变得越来越重, 而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。
【名师点津】
宾语从句中两种情况中的连接词that不能省略:
①引导的第二个宾语从句前的that不可省;
②在动词+形式宾语it+宾语补足语+that引导的宾语从句中that不能省略
*I believe (that) you will keep your word and that you will turn up at the party on time. (第二个that不能省)
我相信你会遵守诺言, 准时出现在晚会上。
3. whether/if引导的宾语从句。
whether/if在从句中不充当成分, 但是有“是否”之意, 从句要用陈述语序。
【名师点津】 只用whether不用if引导宾语从句
　　在宾语从句中, 引导词whether和if基本一样, 但下面两种情况只能使用whether:
①引导介词后的宾语从句时;
②和or not一起连用时。
【即学活用】
(1)I truly believe ____beauty comes from within.
(2)The old woman asked me __________I knew the way to the hospital.
(3)John said ____he was leaving for London on Wednesday.
(4)(2019·北京高考)You will question _______the voice you’re hearing is actually
real.
that
if /whether
that
whether
4. 连接代词及连接副词引导的宾语从句。
连接代词及连接副词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句, 连接词都在从句中充当一定的成分。
*Is there anything wrong in what I said
我所说的有错误之处吗
*We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
我们许诺, 任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
*It was a long road to get where Yan Ning is now.
颜宁花了很长时间, 才有了今天的成就。
【即学活用】
(1)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was
heading.
(2)If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate _____is below the water
surface.
(3)The exhibition tells us ____we should do something to stop air pollution.
where
what
why
5. 在insist, demand, order, suggest, propose, advise等表示坚持、要求、命令、建议等意义的动词后, that宾语从句中谓语常用“(should+)动词原形”, 表示虚拟。
*The doctor suggested that I stay in bed for three days.
医生建议我卧床三天。
*He insisted that we stop at a small restaurant just outside of Atlanta.
他坚持让我们在亚特兰大市外不远的一家小餐馆歇歇脚。
【巧学助记】
后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词口诀:
“一二三四”
一个坚持(insist);
两个命令(order, command);
三条建议(advise, suggest, recommend);
四项要求(demand, desire, require, request)
【即学活用】
(1)He _______________________________.
他坚持要我看他的信。
(2)I advise ____you ______________your coach _____your ________and
__________.
我建议你应该向你的教练咨询一下你的优缺点。
(3)(2019·北京高考)He recommended that ___________________.
他建议她做一些研究。
insisted that I should read his letter
that
(should) consult
about
strengths
weaknesses
she do some research
三、表语从句(predicative clause )
1. 表语从句放在连系动词之后, 充当复合句中的表语。
表语从句的引导词有:
(1)从属连词: that, whether, as though, as if, why, because 不充当任何成分, 只起连接作用
(2)连接代词: who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语
(3)连接副词: when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever在表语从句中充当状语
*The trouble is that Henry has no qualifications to teach college students.
麻烦的是亨利不具备教大学生的资格。
*The point at issue is whether we go to the party.
争论点是我们是否去参加聚会。
*The last time we had great fun was when we were visiting the Water Park.
我们最后一次痛快地游玩是我们参观水上公园的时候。
2. 系动词be, appear, seem, look, remain等之后可以跟表语从句。
*It seemed as if he had known the fact already.
他好像早已知道这件事了。
*It appears that some missiles have been moved.
一些导弹似乎已经被移走了。
*It looks as if she had just come back from outer space.
她看起来仿佛刚从外太空回来。
【名师点津】表语从句四点易错提醒
(1)表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
(2)不可以用if, 而用whether 引导表语从句。
(3)that在表语从句中不可以省略。
(4)主句主语是reason时, 表语从句要用that引导, 不可用because。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①The most complex problem is ____he can’t find enough experienced players to
engage in the game.
②The reason why I’m calling you is ____I want to invite you to my birthday party.
③All she’s worried about is _______his son has the qualification to participate in
activity.
④This is _____we have been looking forward to for years.
⑤ He has heart disease. That is _______he has been smoking too much.
that
that
whether
what
because
(2)The problem is _____________________this shop.
问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
(3)That is _____________________________journalism.
那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
who will be in charge of
when I realized the importance of
同位语从句
　　同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。同位语从句一般跟在某些表示抽象概念的名词后面, 用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。可跟同位语从句的名词通常有advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, problem, promise, question, request, suggestion, truth, wish, word(消息)等。
【名师点津】同位语从句和定语从句的区别
定语从句是对先行词的修饰或限制, 属于形容词性从句的范畴; 而同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的具体内容的说明, 属于名词性从句的范畴。
*The news that our team has won the game is true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)
*The news that he told me yesterday was true.
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句, 关系代词that指代news, 在从句中作told的宾语)
*(2019·江苏高考)Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.
科学家已经获得更多证据, 塑料正在进入人们的体内。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①(2019·天津高考)The opinion ____learning is a lifelong process has been
expressed by education experts throughout the years.
②The idea ____the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a
public good would get absolutely nowhere here.
(2)He often asked me the question ___________________________.
他经常问我为什么这项工作值得做。
that
that
why the work was worth doing
【语法主题应用】
用主语从句或表语从句翻译下列句子, 并组句成篇
1. 我正在大学里学英国文学。(主语从句)
2. 我最大的问题是我不能理解许多英文小说的文化背景。(表语从句)
3. 我是否应该出国留学已经成为我所关心的事情。(主语从句; 表语从句)
4. 很明显, 第一个实际问题是我能否提供学费。(表语从句)
5. 我找老师帮忙, 他的建议是我贷款去国外学习。(表语从句)
　　What I am learning at university is English literature. My biggest problem is that I can’t understand the cultural background of many English novels. So whether I should go abroad to study has become what I’m concerned about. It is clear that the first practical question is whether I can offer the tuition fees. I turned to my teacher and his suggestion is that I get a loan to study abroad. (共25张PPT)
五　Unit 2　Learning About Language
【语用训练】
Ⅰ. 根据语境用恰当的名词性从句的引导词填空
1. The question remains _______they will be able to help us.
2. It is by no means clear _____the local government will do with the buildings of
poor quality.
3. 40 grams of meat per day is _____people should consume in order to stay fit.
4. ________there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
5. _____the earth moves around the sun is known to all.
whether
what
what
Whether
That
6. Taking a year off from school to travel abroad is _____is generally called a gap
year.
7. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ____one can be entirely free from
dust.
9. Every year, ________makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite
Festival.
10. The setting of the film Zootopia may be limited in the city full of kinds of
animals, but _____it exposes about human nature is quite broad.
what
that
how
what
whoever
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. ___________________are the incidents that happened when he was a child.
(recall)
他经常回忆起的是小时候发生的事。
2. It is not known _______________________the competition. (qualify)
他是否有资格参加比赛还不知道。
3. What I admire most about him is ________________________. (ambition)
我最欣赏他的地方就在于他是一个有抱负的人。
4. It’s up to you ______________________________________. (comfort zone)
何时能走出自己的舒适区取决于你自己。
What he often recalls
whether he will qualify for
that he is an ambitious man
when you can step out of your comfort zone
5. It was strange ____________________________without acknowledging it.
(cite)
他引用别人的观点而不承认是很奇怪的。
6. It is desired _______________________________the fight against pollution. (get
involved in)
人们希望更多的人能参与到对抗污染的斗争中来。
7. What makes me proud is __________________________________the society.
(insight)
让我感到自豪的是, 我对社会有了更深刻的认识。
that he cited other people’s ideas
that more people can get involved in
that I have gained a deeper insight into
8. What the teacher stressed is _____________________________________
__________. (perspective)
老师强调的是我们应该从一个新的角度来分析数据。
9. The reason why you should take advisor’s advice _______________________.
(reasonable)
你应该听顾问的建议的原因是它很合理。
10. __________________________was ________________________________.
(depressed)
让他忧愁的是, 他的病花了一大笔钱。
that we should analyze the data from a new
perspective
is that it is very reasonable
What made him so depressed
that his disease cost an arm and a leg
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2021·天津高二检测)
After 400 years, William Shakespeare (1564—1616) is still widely celebrated as a great crafter of language and playwright (剧作家). But he was not the only great master of dramatic writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting impact on theatre. While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is rightly considered China’s greatest playwright and is highly admired in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.
Tang was born in 1550 in Linchuan, Jiangxi province, and worked as a
government official until, in 1598 and aged 49, he retired to focus on writing. Unlike
Shakespeare’s large body of plays and poems, Tang wrote only four major plays:
The Purple Hairpin, A Dream under a Southern Bough, Dream of Handan and The
Peony Pavilion—widely considered to be his masterpiece. In the latter three, much
of the story is told through dream sequences. Tang used these scenes to explore
human emotions in ways that challenged the feudal system of his time. It is a similar
dream structure that we find in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream.
Tang lived towards the end of the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644) and, similarly to
Shakespeare, his lasting success was partly due to the growth of theatre as an artistic
practice during his lifetime. As in Shakespeare’s England, it became hugely popular
in China, with public theatres opening in different cities and travelling performance
groups becoming common. Theatrical audiences started to populate open public
spaces, and theatre as a popular form of entertainment found its place outside palaces.
However, unlike in Shakespeare’s England, there was hardly any mixing of the rich
with commoners at theatrical events.
During this time, the way in which play-texts were enjoyed, spread and
performed also changed. Initially, Chinese dramas had an emphasis on poetic
language and were distributed in book form, to be read like novels. They were seldom, if ever, performed. However, from the mid-16th century, kunqu opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southern China to become a symbol of Chinese culture.
While Tang and Shakespeare lived a world away from each other, they share in common the humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for language, a lasting popularity—and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汤显祖的作品特点和时代意义。
1. Why does the writer refer to Shakespeare throughout this article about Tang
A. To compare the writing styles of the writers.
B. To emphasize Tang’s importance in literature.
C. To assess the achievements of these two great writers.
D. To examine the different influences of Tang and Shakespeare.
【解析】选 B。推理判断题。第一句提到: 威廉·莎士比亚是世界语言大师和剧作家。第二句一转折, 提到: 他并不是唯一一个在1616年去世的戏剧大师, 他也肯定不是唯一一个对戏剧产生深远影响的作家。接着文章就提出汤显祖。下文中, 不断地将莎士比亚和汤显祖对照, 以此凸显汤显祖的艺术成就和重要性。故选B。
2. What distinguishes The Purple Hairpin from Tang’s other plays
A. It does not rely heavily on dream scenes.
B. It is widely considered to be his best work.
C. It was the only play to be publicly performed.
D. It challenged the feudal system of ancient China.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, A Dream under a Southern Bough, Dream of Handan and The Peony Pavilion—widely considered to be his masterpiece. In the latter three, much of the story is told through dream sequences”可知, 除去the Purple Hairpin, 其余三部戏剧均是通过梦境来讲述的。只有the Purple Hairpin不是这样。故选A。
3. What characteristic was shared by both English and Chinese theatre during Tang’s
lifetime
A. Music and poetry were present in most performances.
B. The popularity of public theatrical performances grew rapidly.
C. Different social classes often attended the same performances.
D. Most plays were written to be read as novels rather than performed.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知, 就像在莎士比亚的英国一样, 它在中国也非常受欢迎, 在不同的城市开设了公共剧院, 巡回演出团体也变得普遍起来。戏剧观众开始聚集在开放的公共场所, 剧院作为一种流行的娱乐场所在宫殿之外找到了自己的位置。B选项(公众戏剧表演迅速普及)表达此意。故选B。
4. Which of the following would the author probably agree with
A. Tang’s plays were superior to his poems.
B. Tang is more widely read than Shakespeare.
C. Tang is the best playwright in Chinese history.
D. Tang and Shakespeare knew of each other’s works.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 汤显祖被认为是中国最伟大的剧作家, 在这个有着悠久的文学和戏剧传统的国家里备受推崇。故选C。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2021·葫芦岛高二检测)
Sometimes people and things around you can remind you of yourself. I was　1　to my writing group with a book to read on the journey. Because it was an old book I didn’t want to “dog-ear” the pages, I 　2　in my pockets for something to use as a bookmark. I placed a ten-pound note between the 　3　.
Sitting on the bus I took the book out and was about to read but a young woman behind me who was speaking on her cellphone drew my　4　. She was talking to her brother. She wanted to know where he was and why he wasn’t where he was　5　
to be, why he had lied to their mother again and whether he knew that their mum
had 　6　 in tears that morning because of him.
She kept it quiet but she didn’t pull any punches(手下留情)with him. She let
him know exactly what she　7　him but I could feel there was love under all the
disappointment. She tried so hard to　8　this young man to come and see his
mother, but I got the sign she was fighting a 　9　 battle.
When she left the bus, I　10　behind her and drew out the note in the book.
“Excuse me, ” I said. “Do me a favor, would you Take this money and buy your　
11　a box of chocolates or a bunch of flowers. And tell her a　12　man said that
being a mother is the 　13　 but most important job in the world. ”
Then I turned around and walked on, 　14　if in some way I was saying a thank-you to my own mum. But I hoped I had raised a 　15　 on the face of a mother suffering for her child.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在公交车上偶遇了正在给自己哥哥打电话的陌生女子, 从她的电话内容中作者听到了她哥哥的撒谎行为让他们的母亲很伤心。作者自己出钱请陌生女子买巧克力或者花送给她的母亲, 希望能给那位母亲带去一丝快乐和安慰。
1. A. waiting　 B. walking　 C. driving　 D. heading
【解析】选D。由下文可知, 作者乘公车前往写作小组。 waiting等待; walking走路; driving开车; heading朝(某方向)行进。故选D项。
2. A. looked B. searched C. brought D. found
【解析】选B。作者是在自己的各个口袋里搜寻能当书签的东西。固定短语search for意为“搜寻”。 looked看; searched搜寻; brought带来; found发现。故选B项。
3. A. overcoats B. books
C. pages D. parcels
【解析】选C。根据前文的“use as a bookmark(用作书签)”可知, 是把用作书签的
东西夹在书的两个页面之间。overcoats大衣; books书; pages页面; parcels包
裹。故选C项。
4. A. attention B. movement
C. delight D. concerns
【解析】选A。坐在公交车上, 我把书拿出来正要读, 但身后一个正在打电话的
年轻女子引起了我的注意。固定短语draw one’s attention意为“吸引某人的注意
力”。故选A项。
5. A. shocked B. supposed
C. predicted D. unexpected
【解析】选B。根据后文的“he had lied to their mother again(他又对他们的妈妈撒了谎)”可知, 她的哥哥并没有在自己应该在的地方。shocked使震惊; supposed认为, 设想; predicted预测; unexpected出乎意料。固定短语be supposed to意为“应该”。故选B项。
6. A. slept over B. passed away
C. broken down D. crashed out
【解析】选C。根据空格后的“in tears that morning because of him”可知, 她哥哥
撒谎使得他们的母亲很伤心, 以至于崩溃大哭。slept over借宿; passed away去
世; broken down崩溃; crashed out坠毁。故选C项。
7. A. beat on B. hurt on
C. waited for D. thought of
【解析】选D。此处她表达的是自己对哥哥的想法和看法。beat on殴打; hurt
on伤害; waited for等待; thought of想, 认为。故选D项。
8. A. get B. turn C. trick D. pretend
【解析】选A。此处指她想让她哥哥回家去看望母亲。固定短语get sb. to do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”。 get使, 让; turn转动; trick哄骗; pretend假装。故选A项。
9. A. winning B. bad C. losing D. stubborn
【解析】选C。根据前文哥哥的各种行为, 作者推测, 最终她的哥哥并不会跟她回家看望母亲, 所以她劝哥哥回家的斗争注定会失败。winning获胜的; bad坏的, 糟糕的; losing输的; stubborn固执的。故选C项。
10. A. got off B. pulled over
C. parked over D. jumped off
【解析】选A。前面说“When she left the bus(当她离开公交车时)”, 后面说
“behind her(在她后面)”, 很显然此句指的是作者跟着女孩一块儿下了公交车。
got off下车; pulled over靠边停车; parked over停靠; jumped off跳下去。故选A
项。
11. A. brother B. parents
C. mum D. family
【解析】选C。作者想让女孩给她的妈妈买一盒巧克力或者一束花。故选C项。
12. A. shocked B. strange
C. good D. helpful
【解析】选B。作者想让女孩带话给她母亲, 而作者对于女孩和她母亲来说就
是一位偶遇的陌生人。 strange陌生的。故选B项。
13. A. hardest B. interesting
C. happiest D. favorite
【解析】选A。根据文章末尾的“a mother suffering for her child(一位为孩子受苦
的母亲)”可知, 此处作者想表达做母亲是世界上最艰难但最重要的工作。
hardest最困难的; interesting有趣的; happiest最幸福的; favorite最喜爱的。故选
A项。
14. A. pretending B. imagining
C. wondering D. guessing
【解析】选C。作者通过安慰女孩的母亲也间接地向自己的母亲表达谢意, 但
是作者对自己的做法不确定。pretending假装; imagining想象; wondering不知
道, 想知道; guessing猜测。故选C项。
15. A. lightening B. view
C. tear D. smile
【解析】选D。根据前文, 作者出钱让女孩给她母亲买礼物, 显然是希望能让那
位为孩子而受苦的母亲的脸上绽放笑容。故选D项。(共58张PPT)
Unit 2　Bridging Cultures
Reading and Thinking
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. the ________structure of the human brain 错综复杂的人脑构造
2. _____the past 回想过去
3. a teaching ___________ 教学资格
4. achieve one’s ________ 实现某人的目标
5. her __________to the new culture 她对新文化的适应
6. feel _________ 感到安慰
7. a strict _____ 一位严格的导师
complex
recall
qualification
ambition
adaptation
comforted
tutor
8. ___their ideas 引用别人的观点
9. students’ ____________in class 学生的课堂参与
10. give ____________ 进行陈述
11. a cultural _________ 文化使者
12. in later _______ 在以后的版本中
cite
participation
presentations
messenger
editions
Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空
1. She didn’t even say goodbye __her mother.
2. John set ___a business of his own at the age of 24.
3. She found it hard to adapt __life in a big city.
4. I didn’t think I could ever get used __living in a big city after living in the country.
5. Many people are familiar ____the concept of maths.
6. The girls in his class are willing to participate __the dancing party.
to
up
to
to
with
in
7. If you have any different ideas, please speak ___now.
8. The assistant did what he could to make Tom feel __home.
9. You can make new friends if you get involved __group activities.
10. Engaging __British culture has helped Xie Lei adapt herself to her new life
abroad.
up
at
in
in
Ⅲ. 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1. It was the first time that she _______China.
这是她第一次离开中国。
2. “I didn’t know _____________, ” Xie Lei recalled.
“我不知道我所期望的是什么, ”谢蕾回想。
3. My ambition is ________a business in China after graduation.
我的愿望是毕业后在中国创业。
had left
what to expect
to set up
4. _____________________, I’ve been involved in social activities.
除了努力学习, 我还参加了一些社交活动。
5. _________________about business, I am also acting as a cultural messenger
building a bridge between us.
在攻读商科的同时, 我也在扮演文化使者的角色, 在我们之间架起了一座桥
梁。
As well as studying hard
While I’m learning
【构词规律】
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1. -ation 常用于动词之后构成名词
qualify v. →qualification 　　　　n. 资格; 学历
adapt v. →__________ n. 适应; 改编本
participate v. →____________ n. 参加; 参与
expect v. →__________ n. 期望; 预期
explain v. →___________ n. 解释
examine v. →___________ n. 考试
adaptation
participation
expectation
explanation
examination
2. 动词之后加ure可转化为名词
expose v. →exposure n. 接触; 体验; 暴露
fail v. →______ n. 失败
please v. →________ n. 快乐
press v. →________ n. 压力
failure
pleasure
pressure
阅读精析·合作学习
　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
【寻技巧·提能力】
　　长难句是指句子过长或者复杂, 通常是该句除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分, 如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等。
如何处理长难句
1. 找谓语, 找定语
一般情况下, 一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语), 我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且, 如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词, 则该句可以是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。
2. 提主干, 去枝叶
一般情况下, 一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息, 从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来, 就不能完全把握句子的核心意义, 从而导致思维混乱, 主次不分。
3. 寻关联, 辩逻辑
一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们找准这些关联词, 就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系, 分别弄清主句的意义和从句的意义, 则长句就容易对付得多了。
4. 看搭配, 防分隔
有时一个长句或难句是由一个或多个搭配构成, 而且这些搭配中常常出现分隔现象。读者若受分隔现象的干扰而看不清句子的本来面目, 则对句意的理解就会发生偏差。
　Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)Why did Xie Lei choose the exchange programme
A. To learn global business and improve English.
B. To travel and experience a different culture.
C. To study for a business qualification.
D. To set up a business of her own.
(2)What did Xie Lei do when she didn’t understand what a native said
A. Turn to another one. 　　　　 B. Ask him to repeat.
C. Repeat her question. D. Speak more slowly.
(3)Why did Xie Lei choose to live with a host family
A. Because they can help her adapt to the new culture.
B. Because they can offer her a comfortable room.
C. Because she can teach them about Chinese culture.
D. Because it is convenient for her to go to the university.
(4)What does her tutor want to know about Xie Lei
A. Her real level.
B. Her study result.
C. Her own ideas.
D. Her attitude to learning.
(5)What do we know about Xie Lei’s study in London
A. She hates writing essays. B. She learns slowly.
C. She lacks confidence. D. She adapts quickly.
(6)What does Xie Lei think her identity is
A. An honored visitor.
B. A cultural messenger.
C. A bridge builder.
D. A fluent translator.
Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Paragraph 1 It was the first time that Xie Lei had left China. She was excited but also
(1)_______.
Paragraph 2 She chose the exchange programme because she wanted to learn about
global (2)________ and improve her English.
Paragraph 3 Xie Lei had to adapt to (3)___ in a different country.
Paragraph 4 Xie Lei chose to live with a (4)____ family, who can help with her
adaptation to the new culture.
Paragraph 5 Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic (5)____________.
nervous
business
life
host
requirements
Paragraph 6 Xie Lei also found many (6)_______ included students’ participation in class as part of the final result.
Paragraph 7 Now, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK.
She acted as a cultural (7)_________ building a bridge between us.
courses
messenger
课文语法填空
Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and
(1)________(board) a plane for London. She is studying in a university in England on
an exchange programme. But (2) ________(study) here is quite different from
studying in China. “You have to get (3)____(use) to a whole new way of life. When
I got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions, I didn’t always understand. They
(4)_______(usual) speak too fast. ”Xie Lei said.
Xie Lei lives with a host family who give her lots of good advice. Living with a
host family gives her the chance (5) _______(learn) more about the new culture.
boarded
studying
used
usually
to learn
The academic (6)____________(requirement) of a western university are
different. The tutor wanted to know (7)_____ she thought, not others’ ideas. He
advised that she should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions
(8)____ analyze what she read.
She feels much more (9)__ home in England now, and what seemed very
strange before now (10)_______(appear) quite normal. She also spends much time
for social activities and joins a few clubs. She is fitting very well in England.
requirements
what
and
at
appears
译文: _________________, 导师跟她解释说, 如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明,
不过导师主要是想了解她本人的观点。
她第一次写论文时
译文: 刚开始, 谢蕾不知道该说什么。_____________, 仅仅几周的时间, 她就能在
课堂上大胆发言了。
让她惊喜的是
　Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. What challenges do you think a student studying abroad may have (Divergent
Thinking发散性思维)
________________________________________________________________
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad (Critical Thinking
批判性思维)
Disadvantages:
_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Language, different ways of life, weather, food, communication, loneliness.
①We have to learn to adapt to the new surroundings.
②At first it is difficult to communicate with others.
___________________________________________________________
Advantages:
______________________________
____________________________________
______________________________________
___________________________________________
③We maybe feel lonely and miss our parents and friends in China.
①It will help us to be independent.
②It’s easier to learn a foreign language.
③We’ll learn a lot about the local culture.
④It’s easier to learn different studying methods.
要点精研·探究学习
1. qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格; 学历
*Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme.
谢蕾在中国的一所大学攻读商科, 来我校进行为期一年的交流项目。
*In order to be a qualified volunteer, I have to improve myself by reading some books about Tianjin so as to know more about it.
为了成为一名合格的志愿者, 我必须通过阅读有关天津的书籍来提高自己, 以便更多地了解天津。
* I think I’m qualified for the position I am applying for.
我觉得我能胜任我申请的工作。
【词块积累】
(1)qualification for. . . 　　……的资格
(2)qualify vt. & vi. (使)具有资格; (使)合格
qualify for sth. 具备……的资格
(3)qualified adj. 合格的; 有资格的
be qualified for. . . 有……的资格; 可胜任
be qualified as. . . 有当……的资格
be qualified to do. . . 能胜任, 有资格做……
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①He had thought that he was ________(qualify)as a judge.
②Only two percent of them are qualified ___skilled work.
③Previous teaching experience is a necessary ___________(qualify) for this job.
(2)She loves teaching and she _________________a good teacher.
她热爱教书, 完全有资格成为一名出色的教师。
(3)He ____________teach English.
他有资格教英语。
qualified
for
qualification
is well qualified for
is qualified to
2. adaptation n. 适应; 改编本; 改编
*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food, but to the ocean.
周四在《细胞》杂志上发表的一篇文章中, 一个研究小组报告了一种新的适应方式——不是对空气或食物, 而是对海洋。
*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.
埃塞俄比亚高地的人们已经适应了高海拔地区的生活。
*The gifted scriptwriter helped him to adapt his novel for the screen.
这位有天赋的编剧帮助他将其所著小说改编成电影。
【词块积累】
(1)adapt to　　　　　　适应/适合……
adapt oneself to 使自己适应……
adapt. . . to do. . . 调整……以做……
(2)adapt. . . from. . . 根据……改编……
adapt. . . for 把……改写/改编成……
【易混辨析】
　　adapt与adopt在拼写上只有一个字母之差, 但在意义上却大相径庭。adopt意为“采取, 收养”, 如adopt an idea采纳观点, adopt a child收养孩子。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①We have had to adapt quickly __the new system.
②Most of these tools have been specially _______(adapt)for use by disabled people.
③The film has ____________(adapt) from a play of the same title.
④The television __________(adapt) of the stage play was very successful.
(2)It took him a while to _________________________________.
他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。
to
adapted
been adapted
adaptation
adapt himself to his new surroundings
3. comfort n. 舒服; 安慰; 令人感到安慰的人或事物; 安逸
vt. 安慰; 抚慰
*When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second family.
想家的时候, 我为自己又拥有一个家庭而感到欣慰。
*Above all, they had enough money to live in comfort in their old age.
重要的是他们有足够的钱舒舒服服地安度晚年。
*Thanks to my parents’ efforts, we live a comfortable and steady life.
多亏了父母的努力, 我们过着舒适而又稳定的生活。
【词块积累】
(1)be a comfort to sb. 　　　对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort 舒适地
comfort sb. with sth. 用某物安慰某人
(2)comfortable adj. 舒适的; 舒服的
(3)comfortably adv. 舒适地
(4)uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) People want to listen to someone who is interesting,
relaxed and ___________(comfort).
(2)The children have been __great comfort to me through all of this.
(3)She took her daughter in her arms and tried _________(comfort) her.
(4)He settled himself ___________(comfortable) in his usual chair.
(5) Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely _____________
(comfortable).
comfortable
a
to comfort
comfortably
uncomfortable
4. participation n. 参加; 参与
*Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ participation in class as part of the final result.
谢蕾还发现, 很多课程的最终成绩都包括学生的课堂参与。
*(2020·天津高考)All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting involved.
所有参与的人都从参与中获得了好的结果。
*You should be willing to participate with your friend in his sufferings.
你应当愿意分担朋友的苦恼。
*He has been an active participant in the discussion.
他一直积极参与这次讨论。
【词块积累】
(1)participate 　　　　　　 vi. 参加; 参与
participate with sb. in sth. 与某人分担某事; 同某人一起参与某事
participate in (doing) sth. 参加/参与(做)某事
(2)participant n. 参加者; 共享者
【名师点津】
　　participate 表示“参加, 参与”时, 是不及物动词, 后面一般跟in, 构成短语participate in。表示“参加”的短语还有: join in, take part in, get involved in。
【巧学助记】
Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively participated in the English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.
在老师的鼓励下, 参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与鼓励了班上其他人努力学习。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①All the ___________(participate)were required to sign in as they entered the hall to
attend the meeting.
②We are surprised to know the ambitious student should refuse to participate __the
contest.
③Some of the magic tricks called for audience ____________(participate).
(2)They enjoy ____________________________________, both locally and further
afield.
他们乐于参与本地及外地的各种活动。
participants
in
participation
participating in a wide variety of activities
5. engage vi. 参加; 参与(活动)vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣); 雇用; 订婚
*I’ll engage in John’s behavior if you decide to employ him.
如果你决定聘用约翰, 我愿为他的行为担保。
*Although he was busy, he continued to engage in many activities.
虽然他很忙, 但他继续参与很多活动。
*It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye.
这是一部令人赏心悦目的影片。
*He is currently engaged as a consultant.
他现在受雇为顾问。
【词块积累】
(1)engage sb. (as. . . )　　　　雇用某人(当……)
engage one’s attention/interest 吸引某人的注意力/兴趣
engage in/on 从事……; 订婚
be engaged in sth. / doing sth. 忙于……, 从事……
(2)engaged adj. 忙碌的, 订了婚的
(3)engagement n. 婚约; 约会
【即学活用】(1)写出黑体单词的词义
①They never learned skills to engage the attention of the others. _____
②We engaged the services of an outstanding engineer. _____
③I have never engaged in the drug trade. _____
④They’re engaged, but they haven’t yet named the day. _____
(2)语法填空
①He is engaged in _______(train) to achieve his ambition.
②Their ___________(engage) was announced in the local paper.
③ The experienced old man was engaged __a guide.
吸引
雇用
参与
订婚
training
engagement
as
6. involve vt. 包含; 需要; 涉及; 影响; (使)参加
*They often involve consumers in trying the craft themselves.
他们经常让消费者亲自参与这种手工活动。
*The job involves me travelling all over the country.
这份工作需要我在全国各地跑。
*How many vehicles were involved in the crash
这次撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车
【词块积累】
(1)involve sb. in (doing) sth.
　　　　　　　　　　　使某人参与(做)某事; 将某人牵涉到(做)某事中
involve doing sth. 包括做某事
(2)get/be involved with 参加; 参与; 和……关系密切
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①The test will involve _________(answer)questions about a photograph.
②She really didn’t want to be ________(involve)in the whole family thing.
(2)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)200 students from all grades __________________
____________.
来自各个年级的200个学生参加了跑步比赛。
answering
involved
were involved in this
running race
7. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought!
她第一次写论文时, 导师跟她解释说, 如果引用别人的观点就一定要说明, 不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的!
【句式解构】
　　句中the first time引导时间状语从句, 意为“第一次……”类似句式还有the last/next time that. . . 意为“上次/下次……”除此之外, any time/every time/each time/the moment/the instant/the minute等都可以充当连词, 引导时间状语从句。
*I thought her nice and honest the first time I saw her.
我第一次见到她时就觉得她很好, 很诚实。
*The last time we moved house there were very few breakages.
我们上次搬家时几乎没有什么物品破损。
【名师点津】
for the first time意为“首次, 第一次”, 是介词短语, 在句中作状语。
*For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.
多少年来第一次, 她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
【即学活用】
(1)I felt bad ___________I talked to a tour group.
第一次给旅行团作讲解时, 我的心情很不好。
(2) _______________I see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading
newspapers.
每次我在公园里看到这位老人时, 他都在专注地读报。
(3)I’ll never forget hearing this piece of music _______________.
我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子的情景。
the first time
Every/Each time
for the first time
【要点拾遗】
1. ambition n. 追求的目标; 夙愿; 野心; 抱负
*She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.
她一直未能实现成为一名著名作家的抱负。
* She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.
她很聪明, 但却缺乏远大志向。
【即学活用】完成句子
(1)His ambition is ____________________.
他的梦想是环球航行。
(2)We are looking for _________________________.
我们正在找一名有雄心壮志的青年助手。
to sail round the world
an ambitious young assistant
2. speak up大声点说; 明确表态
*I’m quite deaf—you’ll have to speak up.
我耳背——你得大声说。
*Uncle Herbert never argued, never spoke up for himself.
赫伯特叔叔从不与人争吵, 也从不为自己辩护。
【词块积累】
speak up for　　　　　　为……说话; 支持
speak highly of 高度赞扬
【即学活用】语法填空
(1) Don’t be afraid to ________and give your point of view.
要敢于表达自己的观点。
(2) Don’t wait for the person next to you to be the first to _________________
_____.
不要等待你身旁的人第一个为正义发言。
(3) Whenever I make progress, my parents always ________________.
无论什么时候我取得进步, 我父母总是给我很高的评价。
speak up
speak up for what’s
right
speak highly of me
【句式解构】
句式“It/This/That+was+the first/the second/. . . time (that)+过去完成时”表示“第一/第二/……次……”。
*It was the second time that she had subscribed to China Daily.
这是她第二次订阅《中国日报》。
【名师点津】
(1)“It/This/That+is+the first/the second/. . . time (that)+现在完成时”表示“第一/第二/……次……”。
*It is the first time that I have participated in this kind of activity.
这是我第一次参加这类活动。
(2)It is/was (about/high) time (that) . . . should do sth. /did sth. 意为“到了做某事的时间了”。相当于It is/was time for sb. to do sth. 。
*It is time that we should handle/handled the difficult problem.
到了我们该处理这个难题的时间了。
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)For most students, we guess, it is the first time that they _________(be) away from
home.
(2) She didn’t feel a bit nervous though it was the first time that she __________
(speak) in public.
(3) It is high time that we ________________________(develop) our industry and
agriculture.
have been
had spoken
developed/(should) develop
【拓视野·观天下】
1. The Chang’e-5 completed the last part of the 11-stage moon mission, which was one of the most complex and challenging explorations in China’s aerospace history.
嫦娥五号完成了11级登月任务的最后一部分, 这是中国航天史上最复杂、最具挑战性的探索之一。
2. The major South Asian country has been setting ambitious goals, while narrowing down its development paths.
南亚的主要国家一直在制定雄心勃勃的目标, 同时缩短发展的进程。
3. Huawei on Wednesday gained conditional approval in Germany to participate in the country’s 5G construction.
周三, 德国批准在法国的5G网络中有条件地使用华为产品及技术。
4. In particular, the EU will show its determination to engage in further cooperation with China.
特别的是, 欧盟将表示与中国进一步合作的决心。(共38张PPT)
四　Unit 2　Reading and Thinking
【语用训练】
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. It’s a useful introduction to an extremely ________(困难的) subject.
2. He _______(回想) that she always came home late on Wednesday.
3. He has a teaching ___________(资格) so he is ________(具备资格的)for this
position.
4. He is an _________(有雄心的)student and his ________(抱负)is to become an
outstanding doctor.
5. This __________(改编本)perfectly reflects the spirit of the famous writer’s novel.
complex
recalled
qualification
qualified
ambitious
ambition
adaptation
6. It is a _______(安慰) for him that his parents are living a ___________(舒适的)
life.
7. Most of the students ___________(vt. 参加) in the activity and the teacher was
satisfied with their ____________(n. 参加).
8. The sales manager will give a ___________(报告) on the new products.
9. Even after retirement, he continued to ______(参加)in some activities.
10. The second ______(版次) was published only in America.
comfort
comfortable
participated
participation
presentation
engage
edition
Ⅱ. 用适当的介词或副词填空
1. A working party has been set ___to look into the problem.
2. Some western people may not adapt __these customs very soon.
3. The air is rather thin here, but you’ll get used __it in time.
4. Lesinko is quite familiar ____Central Television. He worked there for 25 years.
5. Politicians should not engage __business affairs that might affect their political
judgement.
6. They expected him to participate __the ceremony.
7. You can speak ___what you think in the discussion.
up
to
to
with
in
in
up
8. Three teams are involved __the chase for the championship.
9. They did everything they could to make me feel __home.
10. The girl was chosen to act __a cultural messenger.
in
at
as
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. It was the first time that she _____________________.
那是她第一次独立生活。
2. I don’t know ____________the complex physics paper.
我不知道如何理解这篇复杂的物理论文。
3. ________________________in a famous law firm.
我的志向是在一所法律事务所找到一份工作。
4. _______________________some sports, the applicant has engaged in several
community services. 除了参加一些体育运动, 这位申请人还参加了几次社区服
务活动。
had lived independently
how to grasp
My ambition is to find a job
As well as participating in
5. ________________he talked with the tutor, he was motivated by her inspiring
words.
他和这位导师第一次交谈, 他就被她鼓舞人心的话语打动了。
The first time that
Ⅳ. 结合课文主题, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80词左右的短文
1. 参加交换生项目(exchange program)是开阔国际视野的很好途径。
2. 你不仅可以在语言上得到实践, 还会学到更先进的知识。新的生活环境会锻
炼你的独立生活能力以及社会适应(adaptation)能力。
3. 你可以亲自参与(engage in)异域文化交流, 充当文化信使(cultural messenger)
把自己的文化传播出去。
　　An exchange program is a great way to broaden your international outlook.
You will not only get practice in the language, but also learn more advanced
knowledge. The new living environment will promote your independence and
social adaptation. You can engage in foreign culture communication and act as
a cultural messenger to spread your own culture.
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·金华高二检测)
Downey’s mother spent one year studying abroad through an international exchange program with a French school. She often talked about how exciting and interesting the experience was. So, even before finishing high school, Downey had decided to follow suit one day.
Downey began studying architecture at Lehigh University in Bethlehem,
Pennsylvania in 2004. Near the end of her second year, she started to feel unhappy
with her school and decided it was time to study abroad.
U. S. colleges and universities commonly have joint programs with foreign
schools that permit student exchanges. These programs usually last half a school
year or sometimes a whole school year. The classes students take abroad usually
give them credits toward their degree. In a four-year degree program, the third year
is the most common time for American college students to study abroad. Many
students think they need a change before what is usually their final and most
difficult year of study.
Downey said her school did not want her to go at first. The architecture
program at Lehigh was very intense, and her professors were worried she might
miss learning important material. However, she was eventually able to get special
permission to study internationally for a whole year. During the fall term in 2006,
she attended a Danish international school in Copenhagen, Denmark, explaining
she did so because Danish architects are well known for their housing design.
Young adult as she was, she had to deal with travel documents and many other
issues (问题) on her own. Overcoming the language barrier is the biggest challenge
of studying abroad. However, she had a lot of emotional (情感的) and financial
support from her family. She learned life lessons and made friendships and memories that have lasted to this day. She said, “The more you’re out of your comfort zone, the more rewarding the experience is in the end. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了美国女孩唐尼的出国留学之路。
1. What does Downey’s mother mean to Downey
A. A friend. 　　 B. A dreamer.
C. An example. D. An expert.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 唐尼的妈妈曾参加过一个法国学校的国际交流项目, 在国外学习了一年, 唐尼就已经决定有一天也要像妈妈一样出国留学, 由此可知, 唐尼的妈妈在她眼中是个优秀的榜样, 故C项正确。
2. What made Downey choose the Danish international school
A. The famous learned professors.
B. The casual learning environment.
C. The impressive academic reputation.
D. The favorable geographical location.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句可知, 2006年秋季学期, 唐尼就读于丹麦哥本哈根的一所丹麦国际学校, 她解释说她这样做是因为丹麦建筑师以房屋设计而闻名, 故C项正确。
3. What can we infer according to the last paragraph
A. It was not easy for Downey to study abroad.
B. The comfortable life is likely to ruin the future life.
C. Downey was too young to take care of herself.
D. Downey’s parents could hardly afford her education.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知, 唐尼在国外不得不独自处理包括旅行证件在内的许多问题, 还要克服出国留学的最大挑战—语言障碍, 还要走出自己的舒适区, 也就是说唐尼的留学生活并不容易, 故A项正确。
B
(2021·银川高二检测)
Living abroad to study can certainly be an interesting experience but is that alone a good enough reason for spending years far away from home To make the experience truly worthwhile, there has to be a goal behind the decision to study abroad. This may be a wish to perfect language skills in a foreign language environment, or a clever move in your career development. You must also consider the costs, not just of living and studying abroad, but of applying. Most universities now charge application fees for international students.
If after considering these points you are sure that you want to apply to study
abroad, your next step is to choose the right programme of studies. Research your
choices and select carefully. You must do your homework well. Most universities
have information online but you can also email and ask them to send you more
details. You can find a lot of information on school ranking from education websites.
But read carefully. Different universities emphasize different strengths. Don’t just
think about the university’s reputation; look for the most suitable for your goals.
Next, you must deal with a large pile of paperwork. This involves filling in
application forms, preparing your school records, and getting reference letters.
Reading the instructions and requirements of the universities carefully is of great
importance. Sadly, many fine applicants get kicked out in the first round, simply
because they don’t follow the application procedure properly.
Money is another important consideration. Some scholarships are provided by
governments, others by schools and colleges. This information, again, can be found
on the Internet. If you find a scholarship that is suitable for you, follow the
application procedure carefully; the earlier you apply, the better your chance of
getting it.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了出国留学的注意事项, 包括弄清
出国的目标, 如何确定学校, 以及出国留学的申请程序和准备材料。
4. Why does the author think studying abroad is truly worthwhile according to
Paragraph 1
A. It is a chance to develop your career.
B. It is an interesting experience.
C. It is fun to travel around the world.
D. All your friends are doing so.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知, 出国留学是真正值得的因为这是一个机会, 可以在外语环境中完善自己的语言技能, 以及发展你的事业。故选A。
5. What can a school ranking list tell us
A. The names of all the professors.
B. How good the school is compared to others.
C. How much the courses cost.
D. Where the school is located.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段You can find a lot of information on school ranking from education websites. 可知, 学校排行榜告诉学校对比之间的一些信息。故选B。
6. What are the three basic steps when you apply
A. Buy an airplane ticket, read the instructions and requirements, and study.
B. Write a reference letter, do paperwork, and study.
C. Prepare reference letters, prepare school records, and fill in the application forms.
D. Prepare school records, do paperwork, and work hard.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段This involves filling in application forms, preparing your school records, and getting reference letters可知, 你申请的三个基本步骤是填写申请表, 准备你的学校纪录, 以及获得推荐信。故选C。
7. What does the underlined phrase “get kicked out in the first round” in Paragraph 3
refer to
A. lose money in the first round
B. get accepted in the next round
C. fail to get to the next round
D. get kicked by a professor
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第三段可悲的是, 许多优秀的申请者被踢出第一轮, 只是因为他们不遵循申请程序。可知, 第一轮被踢出, 意味着没办法进入下一轮, 故选C。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2021·龙岩高二检测)
What is classed as normal behaviour in one culture can sometimes be unsuitable, unacceptable, or even offensive in another. We’re all different and we all have different beliefs and ways of doing things. Understanding this is what cultural awareness(意识) is all about.
　1　 we need to take a long, hard look at ourselves. What makes us the way we are Well, there’s history, tradition, education, and our parents. These are all good things. But do any of them make us better than others No. 　2　
It’s easy to understand why we start off believing that our culture is better than
any other. In fact, some argue that it’s necessary in order to survive. As children, we
typically build our view of the world from our family and the place we grow up.
　3　
In the past, many people never left the comfort of their own town or district.
They could all spend their days happily believing that the life they knew was the
best, that their way of doing things was the right way, and not imagining or caring
what others might think. 　4　 We do business with people from different cultures,
selling each other products and ideas. We learn each other’s languages. 　5　 We
even live next door to each other. So we all need to learn to appreciate each other’s
cultures and ways of living.
A. Not better, but different.
B. We listen to each other’s music.
C. Today’s world isn’t like that though.
D. Culture influences many parts of people’s lives.
E. Cultural awareness can begin by holding up a mirror.
F. Our differences make the world endlessly interesting.
G. However, as we get older our understanding of the world grows with us.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。本文论述了人的文化意识受到历史、传统、教育和父母的影响, 并无优劣之分, 当今社会, 人们要学会尊重和欣赏彼此的文化意识和生活方式。
1. 【解析】选E。根据上文Understanding this is what cultural awareness is all
about. (理解文化意识的内涵)可知E选项(文化意识可以从举起一面镜子开始)承
接上文, 关键词为Cultural awareness。故选E。
2. 【解析】选A。根据空前一句可知, 但是他们中的任何一个会让我们比其他
人更好吗 不是。以及空后一句可知, 很容易理解为什么我们一开始就认为我
们的文化比其他任何文化都好。A选项表达的意思是, 并不是哪一个文化意识
更好, 只是不同而已, 且该选项中的“Not”与上文中的“No”相呼应。故选A。
3. 【解析】选G。根据空前一句可知, 作为孩子, 我们通常从家庭和成长的地方
建立我们对世界的看法。G选项中的“get older”与上一句中的“grow up”相呼
应。故选G。
4. 【解析】选C。前文In the past, many people never left the comfort of their own town or district. . . and not imagining or caring what others might think介绍的是过去的情况。因此, “Today’s world isn’t like that though. ”, 表示今天的世界和过去进行对比。故选C。
5. 【解析】选B。根据空前两句可知, 我们与来自不同文化背景的人做生意, 互相销售产品和创意。我们互相学习语言。以及下文可知, 所以我们都需要学会欣赏彼此的文化和生活方式。可推知, 该空作者列举的另一种欣赏彼此文化的方式。故选B。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
(2021·天津高二检测)
When my family moved to Ohio over the summer, I feared attending another new school and knowing no one because I was able to expect what was coming. I had bright red hair and enormous glasses. In addition, I was　1　and not very sociable. Boarding the school bus that first day, I felt like all eyes on me. I could hear the　2　“She’s huge! ” Obviously, the kids on the bus had known each other well. I spent that first bus　3　in silence.
The following day was even　4　I did not notice that a few boys had tied a
shoelace across the aisle(走道) and thus fell face first on the bus, 　5　everything I
was carrying. 　6　I was embarrassingly gathering my supplies, I could hear the
laughter, and then the　7　“That felt like an earthquake! ” Anyway, I　8　to find
a seat. Looking out of the window, I　9　the tears welling up in my eyes.
It was then that I sank into myself. I began walking everywhere. I would
wander through the woods behind our house. I would also walk to a　10　about
two miles down the road, where I would chat silently with God. I began　11　the
afternoon school bus　12　, walking home instead. Then, 　13　, I started losing
weight. And as I became　14　with myself, I began making friends.
While I would not want to relive that time of loneliness, sadness and embarrassment, I am　15　I made it through. Whenever I am struggling with any other problem in life, I always remember the proverb “This too shall pass. ” If you can find a path with no obstacles or challenges, it probably doesn’t lead anywhere.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者初到一个新学校, 不太善于交际, 在新的环境刚开始很不适应。同学们因她的体重而嘲笑她, 作者决定减肥, 最终作者觉得对自己满意了, 开始交到了好朋友。作者认为人生避免不了会遇到坎坷, 也正是这些坎坷在帮助自己成长。
1. A. outgoing　 B. intelligent
C. overweight D. friendly
【解析】选C。句意: 我身体超重并且不善于交际。 outgoing外向的; intelligent聪明的; overweight过重的; friendly友好的。根据下文中的“She’s huge! ”, 可以判断出这里用形容词overweight, 表示超重的。故选C。
2. A. whistles　B. whispers　　C. screams　D. laughs
【解析】选B。句意: 我能听到小声的议论, “她太胖了! ”。 whistles口哨; whispers低语; screams拼命叫喊; laughs大笑。故选B。
3. A. ride B. lift C. drive D. travel
【解析】选A。句意: 第一次乘车我是在沉默中度过。 ride乘, 骑; lift搭车;
drive驾驶; travel旅行。故选A。
4. A. duller B. longer C. funnier D. worse
【解析】选D。句意: 接下来的几天变得更糟了。 duller更迟钝的; longer更长
的; funnier更好玩的; worse更糟的。故选D。
5. A. missing B. losing C. dropping D. leaving
【解析】选C。句意: 所带的东西都掉下来了。 miss错过; lose失去; drop掉落;
leave离开。故选C。
6. A. While B. Though C. Since D. Because
【解析】选A。句意: 当我很尴尬地收集我的东西, 我能听到笑声, while“当……
时候”。故选A。
7. A. arguments B. comments
C. statements D. discussions
【解析】选B。句意: 当我很尴尬地收集我的东西, 我能听到笑声, 然后是评论
“感觉像地震! ”arguments争论; statements声明; comments评论; discussions讨论。
故选B。
8. A. determined B. attempted
C. managed D. pretended
【解析】选C。句意: 不管怎样, 我总算找到了座位。 determined下决心;
attempted 尝试; managed设法做到; pretended假装。manage to do sth. “设法做某
事且做成功了”, 表示作者还是成功地找到了座位。故选C。
9. A. kept away B. took back
C. put away D. held back
【解析】选D。句意: 望着窗外, 我忍住了眼里涌出的泪水。 kept away防范;
took back拿回; put away放好; held back抑制。由上文可知, 作者受了很大的委
屈, 但是作者还是忍住了泪水。故选D。
10. A. garden B. church C. market D. library
【解析】选B。根据后文中where I would chat silently with God可知, 作者所在的
地方为教堂。 garden花园; church 教堂; market市场; library图书馆。故选B。
11. A. escaping B. stopping C. delaying D. missing
【解析】选D。这里指作者开始故意错过校车, 选择步行回家。escaping躲避;
stopping停止; delaying延迟; missing错过。故选D。
12. A. on purpose B. by chance
C. in reality D. at ease
【解析】选A。因为作者有了不开心的乘坐校车的经历, 所以作者开始故意错
过下午的校车。 on purpose 故意; by chance碰巧; in reality事实上; at ease随
意。故选A。
13. A. uninterestedly B. uncertainly
C. unexpectedly D. unfortunately
【解析】选C。这件事对作者来说是出乎意料的, 因为作者从未想过要去减
肥。uninterestedly没兴趣地; uncertainly不一定地; unexpectedly 出乎意料地;
unfortunately不幸地。故选C。
14. A. concerned B. content
C. angry D. disappointed
【解析】选B。作者开始交朋友了, 因为自己感到满意了。 concerned担心的;
content满意的; angry 生气的; disappointed失望的。故选B。
15. A. excited B. upset C. regretful D. proud
【解析】选D。句意: 虽然我不想重新体验那段孤独、悲伤和尴尬的时光, 但我很自豪我挺了过来。 excited激动的; upset失望的; regretful遗憾的; proud骄傲的。由“I made it through. ”可知, 作者很自豪她挺了过来。故选D。(共105张PPT)
Unit 2　Bridging Cultures
Using Language
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. ____________　　　　　　　　文化冲击
2. an _____________desire 无法抗拒的欲望
3. become more _________ 变得更积极
4. maintain _____________________ 保持合理的期望
5. a successful _________ 一位成功的申请人
6. ________to another culture 接触另一种文化
7. give exchange students great _______into the world
让留学生了解世界
culture shock
overwhelming
motivated
reasonable expectations
applicant
exposure
insights
8. after his _________ 在他离开后
9. _____the tones 理解语调
10. a ________increase 急剧增长
11. tuition fees and living ________ 学费和生活费
12. ___________pressure 巨大的压力
13. how to _______in new ____________ 在新环境里如何表现
14. _______thoughts 成熟的思想
15. become _________ 变得消沉
16. __________our country 壮大我们的国家
departure
grasp
dramatic
expenses
tremendous
behave
surroundings
mature
depressed
strengthen
17. _____the fact 拒绝这个事实
18. be _________about life 对生活很乐观
19. ____a global __________ 获得全球视野
20. improve your general __________ 提高综合能力
21. _________with people from diverse cultural backgrounds
与来自不同文化背景的人合作
deny
optimistic
gain
perspective
competence
cooperate
Ⅱ. 根据提示用恰当的短语填空
1. A week at a health farm can ___________________(花一大笔钱).
2. We are all ________(支持)your opinion that we should hold a spoken
competition.
3. _______________(据我所知), the presentation he made at the meeting was
wonderful and popular with the people present.
4. ______________________(就我而言), both health and wealth are important to our
life.
5. ___________(总之), this was a disappointing performance.
cost an arm and a leg
side with
As far as I know
As far as I am concerned
In summary
6. _________________(一般来说), a promotion means higher salary and more
responsibility.
Generally speaking
Ⅰ. 用适当的介词或副词填空
1. To begin ____, it is important to have a positive attitude.
2. Many exchange students may suffer _____culture shock.
3. He shows great interest in maths and works hard. __addition, he is gifted.
4. The three sons also contribute __the family business.
5. To sum ___, there are three main ways of solving the problem.
6. The project would give scientists new insights ____what is happening to the
earth’s atmosphere.
7. The local government supported the factory. __turn, it improved the economy of
this area.
with
from
In
to
up
into
In
8. All __all, it appeared that a pretty depressing summer awaited Jones.
9. He made one big mistake, and, as __result, lost his job.
10. It is possible to combine Computer Science with other subjects, ___instance
Physics.
in
a
for
Ⅱ. 根据课文及汉语意思提示补全句子
1. ________________(在中国学习) is much more convenient and can help save
money.
2. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when ______________
_______(学习如何行为) in new surroundings.
3. ___________________(随着中国的蓬勃发展), the educational environment has
improved significantly, with many great universities now available.
4. Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys __________________________
_______(促进国家间友谊的).
Studying in China
learning how to
behave
As China has boomed
promoting friendship between
nations
5. Finally, studying abroad provides a great ________________________(做贡献
的机会)the development of our motherland.
opportunity to contribute to
阅读精析·合作学习
　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks
　Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)What does Wang Li think is the first disadvantage of studying abroad
A. High cost. 　　　　　　　　 B. Culture shock.
C. Mental stress. D. Unfamiliar language.
(2)How many reasons are listed to cause pressure on students studying abroad
A. Three. 　　　B. Four. 　　　C. Five. 　　　D. Six.
(3)What is Wang Li’s attitude towards China’s education
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Critical. D. Negative.
(4)What do Wang Li and Zhang Yi have in common
A. They both support studying abroad.
B. Both are worried about students studying abroad.
C. Both of them have experience of studying abroad.
D. They both hope students contribute to our country.
(5)How do the two present their views
A. By listing reasons.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By citing others’ opinions.
D. By analyzing data.
Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
Studying abroad: Is it a good or a bad idea
Disadvantages (1)great ①________ pressure
(2)the tremendous pressure that comes with ②________ abroad
(3)Studying in China has a great ③______ to look forward to
Advantages (1)personal ④_______
(2)the increase chance for ⑤_______exchange
(3)provide a great opportunity to contribute to the ⑥___________
of our motherland
(4)help to build ⑦_________ and increase people’s understanding
of cultural diversity.
economic
studying
future
growth
cultural
development
character
课文语法填空
A local newspaper has invited parents (1) _______(share) their opinions about
studying abroad. Here are the opinions of two parents.
Wang Li believes that studying abroad has a lot of
(2)_____________(disadvantage), such as great economic pressure, academic
pressure and other pressures from (3)________(adapt) to the new environments. On
(4)___ other hand, studying in China can also contribute well (5)__ the country.
to share
disadvantages
adapting
the
to
While another parent, Zhang Yi, thinks that studying abroad is
(6)_________(benefit). It can contribute to individual growth, promote (7)_______
(culture) exchange and in turn provide a chance to contribute to the
(8)___________(develop) of our motherland.
Though the two parents have different opinions, they both hope (9)____young
people have a good education and help build the national economy, and further
(10)__________(strong) our country.
beneficial
cultural
development
that
strengthen
译文: 最后要考虑的一点是, _____________________________, 但在国内学习的
年轻人同样未来可期!
虽然出国留学确实有潜在的好处
译文: 那里有一流的设施和杰出的教授, 助力培养_____________、进一步增强我
国实力的年轻人。
为经济作贡献
译文: 总之, 出国留学有助于塑造性格, 增加人们对文化多样性的理解, _________
_______________, 打造人类命运共同体。
同时也能
增强中国的国力
要点精研·探究学习
1. applicant n. 申请人
*Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm
谁会成功得到律师事务所的暑期工作
*The application form is important. Sit down and write it out properly.
申请表十分重要, 坐下来好好填写。
*(2021·浙江高考)The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage.
研究表明, 这些动物已经弄明白了如何将它们在训练中学到的关于人脸的知识应用到测试阶段的新面孔上。
* You would pass your exams if you applied yourself to reviewing.
专心复习就会通过考试。
【词块积累】
(1)apply　　　　　　 vt. 涂; 敷; 搽; 应用; 运用
vi. 申请; 请求; 使用; 有效
apply sth. to 把……涂到; 把……运用到
apply oneself to 致力于; 集中精力于
apply to 适用于……
apply (to. . . )for. . . (向……)申请……
(2)application n. 申请; 应用
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)Every _________(apply) must take the oral examination.
(2)Students learned the practical __________(apply) of the theory they had learned in
the classroom.
(3)What is most important is that we should apply theory __practice.
(4)He is applied himself to __________(comfort) the crying girl.
applicant
application
to
comforting
2. expose vt. 使接触; 使体验; 显露; 使暴露于(险境)
*Don’t expose your skin to sunlight directly, or you will get sunburnt.
不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下, 否则你会被晒伤。
*Workers at the nuclear plant were exposed to high doses of radiation.
核电站的工作人员受到大量辐射。
*Travelling abroad exposes children to different languages and cultures.
去国外旅行会使孩子们接触到不同的语言和文化。
*There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
有可靠证据表明日光曝晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
【词块积累】
(1)expose . . . to . . . 　　 使……暴露于……; 使……遭受……
be exposed to 暴露于; 接触
(2)exposure n. 接触; 体验; 暴露; 揭露
【名师点津】expose用法点拨
　　及物动词expose后若无宾语, 则常常使用它的被动形式; 在expose. . . to. . . 以及be exposed to结构中, to为介词, 其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off
“switch”where the glow would fade when _______(expose)to daylight.
②_____________(expose) to different cultures can broaden children’s horizons.
③After only a short ________(expose) to sunlight he began to turn red.
④Some people think we shouldn’t expose the children to _______(play) computer
games.
exposed
Being exposed
exposure
playing
(2)句式转换
Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
→If ________________________every day, young people may risk going deaf. (省
略句)
→_____________________________every day makes it possible for young people
to risk going deaf. (动名词作主语)
exposed to very loud music
Being exposed to very loud music
3. behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体; 有礼貌
*The child behaved well to/towards other guests at the party.
那个孩子在聚会上对其他客人非常礼貌。
*If parents do not teach their child how to behave himself, he will do anything at will.
如果父母不教给他们的孩子如何守规矩, 他会恣意妄为的。
*(2018·北京高考) Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits.
了解这些原因可以让我们审视自己的行为, 纠正不良习惯。
【词块积累】
(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb. 　 对待某人好/不好
behave oneself 守规矩; 表现得体
(2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behaviour n. [U]举止; 行为; 习性
【即学活用】语法填空
(1) They behaved very _____(bad) towards their guests.
(2) I want you to behave _________(you)while I’m away.
(3) His _________(behave)towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.
badly
yourselves
behaviour
4. surroundings n. [pl. ]环境; 周围的事物
*It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surroundings.
我花了几周的时间才适应了新环境。
* The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.
四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。
*(2019·江苏高考)We are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.
我们周围有一个天然的运动场, 非常适合散步、滑雪、攀岩和骑自行车。
【词块积累】
(1)surrounding 　　　　　 adj. 周围的; 附近的
(2)surround vt. 环绕; 围绕; (使)包围
surround. . . with. . . 以……环绕/包围……
be surrounded by/with. . . 被……包围/环绕
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)(2020·浙江高考)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which ____
____________(surround) by a high wire fence.
(2)(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft
clouds ___________(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
(3)(2019·江苏高考)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, ___________ (surround) by
his family.
(4)The development of the site will have implications for the ___________ (surround)
countryside.
(5)Schumacher adapted effortlessly to his new ____________(surround).
was
surrounded
surrounding
surrounded
surrounding
surroundings
5. strengthen vi. &vt. 加强; 增强; 巩固
*The agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries.
协议加强了两国间的联系。
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections.
既然你列出了自己的长处, 也要列举自己的不足。
【词块积累】
(1) strengthen one’s body　　　　增强体质
(2) strength n. 力气; 体力
build up one’s strength 增强体力
strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your
________(strength), your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc.
(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to
__________(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running
shoes.
(3)The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and
highly praised, ____________(strength)Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
strengths
strengthen
strengthened
6. deny vt. 否认; 否定; 拒绝
*To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these factors.
总之, 我们不能否认出国留学有它的缺点, 所以当你考虑出国留学时, 你应该考虑这诸多的因素。
*He denied the students a chance to engage in the activity. =He denied a chance to engage in the activity to students. 他拒绝给学生参与这个活动的机会。
*There’s no denying (the fact) that quicker action could have saved them.
无可否认, 如果行动快一点, 本来是救得了他们的。
【词块积累】
(1)deny doing sth. 　　　　　　　　否认做某事
deny sb. sth. =deny sth. to sb. 拒绝给予某人某物
(2)There is no denying that 不可否认的是
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①He strongly denied ______(get)involved in the case.
②Tom’s father denied an opportunity __speak up their opinions to children.
③There is no _______(deny)that this project will cost an arm and a leg.
(2) _____________________our earth is suffering severe damage.
不可否认, 我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。
getting
to
denying
There is no denying that
7. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时, 有些学生可能会感到吃力, 并承受文化冲击的折磨。
【句式解构】
本句是状语从句的省略。完整句式为when they are learning how to behave in new surroundings。
*While enjoying the meal, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, making the elderly very happy.
吃饭时, 一些有天赋的学生表演了精彩的民间舞蹈, 这使老人非常高兴。
【名师点津】状语从句的省略
(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致, 且从句中含有动词be时, 可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
(2)当从句中含有it+be时, 可将it和be省略。
(3)掌握下列短语: if any如果有的话; if so如果是这样的话; if ever如果曾经有的话; if not如果不这样的话
*If admitted, I will do all I can to do the work well.
如果我能被录用, 我一定会努力把工作做好的。
If necessary, you can turn to your teachers for help when you feel depressed.
如果有必要的话, 当你感到沮丧的话, 你可以向老师寻求帮助。
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①(2019·北京高考) While ________(work), I realised how hard it was to work in the
fields under a hot sun.
②You shouldn’t come to his party unless ______(invite).
(2)句式升级
When you are analysing the question, you should pay attention to these important
facts.
→_________________________, you should pay attention to these important facts.
(用状语从句的省略)
working
invited
When analysing the question
【要点拾遗】
1. motivate vt. 成为……的动机; 激发; 激励
*She’s very good at motivating her students to work out complex problems.
她非常擅长激励她的学生解决难题。
*(2020·天津高考) With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning.
有了高度的动力和热情, 我们可以继续学习。
* I am working with mostly highly motivated people.
和我共事的人大多积极性极高。
【词块积累】
(1)motivate sb. to do sth. 　　　激励某人做某事
(2)motivated adj. 积极的; 主动的
(3)motivation n. 动力; 积极性; 动机
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)The plan is designed to motivate employees _______(work) more efficiently.
(2) Most people said that pay was their main __________(motivate) for working.
(3)Employers tend to hire highly _________(motivate) employees.
to work
motivation
motivated
2. expectation n. 期望; 期待; 预期; 指望
*His new book did not come up to expectation.
他的新书没有达到预期水平。
* Their ancestors came to this country with the expectation of finding new freedom and opportunity.
他们的祖先怀着寻找新的自由和机会的期望来到这个国家。
【词块积累】
(1)in expectation 　　　　　期望着; 意料之中
in expectation of 预计会有; 期待; 期望
with the expectation of 带着……期望
live up to one’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望
(2)expect vt. 期望; 指望; 认为; 预料
expect to do. . . 期待做某事
expect sth. 期望……; 预料……
expect that 期望
It is expected that. . . 人们期望……
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)The company has expectations __making a profit next year.
(2)We expect an agreement _______________(establish)soon.
(3)We all have an __________(expect) that we can be admitted to our own ideal
universities.
(4)It is expected ____more local students will depart from the airport in Xining,
capital of Qinghai.
of
to be established
expectation
that
3. expense n. 损失, 代价; 消费; 开支
*I can’t afford the expense of redecorating my house.
我负担不起重新装修房子的费用。
*House repairs, holidays and other expenses reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.
修房、度假和其他开销使他在银行的存款所剩无几。
*The orchestra has more discipline now, but at the expense of spirit. 那个管弦乐团现在更有纪律性了, 却丧失了灵魂。
*If you can’t afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you at no expense.
如果你无法负担律师费用, 法院可为你免费指派一名律师。
【词块积累】
(1)at the expense of　　　　　以……为代价; 由……支付费用
at no expense 不花钱地
at great expense 以巨大的代价
extra expense 额外费用
(2)expensive adj. 昂贵的; 花钱的
【易混辨析】几种“费用”辨析
expense 泛指“花费; 开支”, 如current expense“日常开支”, selling expense“销售费用”, travelling expense “旅费”等
charge “原价, 要价”。常用复数, 主要指一次性劳务所收取的费用, 如服务费, 行李超重费, 旅馆费等
cost “成本, 费用”常表示对已取得的货物或劳务所支付的费用。如production cost“生产成本”, living cost “生活费用”, the cost of“……的费用”等
fare “交通费”指乘坐公共汽车, 出租车, 火车, 轮船, 飞机等所支付的交通费用
fee “费用; 酬金”指医生, 律师, 或其他专门职业的佣金或会费, 手续费, 停车费等
【即学活用】根据汉语提示填入适当的词
(1)This is not just theory; it is a lesson we learned, at great _______, during the
Savings and Loan crisis of the 1980s.
这不只是理论; 它是我们经历了20世纪80年代的储贷危机以巨大的代价所习得
的教训。
(2)We have to make a small ______for refreshments.
我们得收取少量茶点费。
expense
charge
(3)We did not even make enough money to cover the ____of the food.
我们挣的钱甚至无法糊口。
(4)Most of the apps we found charge a monthly or yearly ___. We do not.
我们发现, 大多数应用程序都会按月或年收费, 而我们不收费。
cost
fee
4. side with 支持; 站在……的一边
*It is safer to side with the stronger party.
站在实力较强的一边比较稳妥。
*Whoever side with the revolutionary people is a revolutionary.
谁站在革命人民一边, 谁就是革命者。
【词块积累】
表示“支持某人”的短语
take the side of　　　　　站在……一边
support sb. 支持某人
back up sb. 支持某人
in favor of 有利于, 支持
in support of 支持; 拥护
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)I side ____him on this question.
(2)He seemed to take the side __those who believe in Marxism.
(3)He is now backed ___by experts from headquarters.
(4)Some people are in favor __reform, and others have concerns.
with
of
up
of
5. as far as I am concerned 就我而言; 依我看来
*As far as I am concerned, your paper is fine as it is.
依我看来你的论文写得很好。
*As far as I know, no quality problems were reported concerning materials purchased through these channels.
据我所知, 通过这些渠道购买的材料没有出现质量问题。
*As far as I can see, he says much the same as they do.
依我看, 他谈的就跟他们那套差不多。
【词块积累】
as far as的常见用法:
as far as“远至……”(在否定句中可用so far as)
as far as sb. /sth. is concerned 　就某人/物而言
as far as the eye can see/reach 就视力所能及
as far as I can see 依我看; 据我所见
as far as I know 就我所知
as far as I can understand 据我所知
【知识延伸】“as . . . as”短语荟萃
as well as　　　　既……又……; 和……一样好
as good as 与……一样好; 简直; 几乎
as long as 只要; 长达
as soon as 一……就……
【即学活用】
(1) _______________, they keep Christmas as well as the Spring Festival in their
house.
据我所知, 他们在家里过春节, 也过圣诞节。
(2) ________I can judge, they are all to blame.
据我判断, 他们都有责任。
(3) ________I am concerned, they won’t let the child suffer.
依我看来, 他们不会让孩子受苦。
As far as I know
As far as
As far as
6. in summary 总之; 总的来说
*In summary, if the coronavirus is not contained, it is a serious threat to the whole of humanity. 总而言之, 如果冠状病毒得不到控制, 它将对整个人类构成严重威胁。
*In summary, finally everybody could reap the benefits of technological progress and have more free time. 总之, 最终每个人都会从技术进步中受益和得到更多的自由时间。
【词块积累】
表示“总之”的常见短语:
in summary/a word 　　　　总之
all in all 总之
in conclusion 总之
in short/brief 总之; 简言之
to sum up 总之, 概括地说
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
__summary, everyone has both strengths and weaknesses.
(2)In ____________________________________, good office English skills are not
an option, but an essential, if you want to be part of this international corporation.
总之, 如果你想成为这家跨国公司的一员, 良好的办公室英语技能不是一个选择,
而是一个必要条件。
In
summary/a word/ conclusion/ short/ brief
7. A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 最后要考虑的一点是, 虽然出国留学确实有潜在的好处, 但在中国学习的年轻人同样未来可期!
【句式解构】
　　while引导让步状语从句, 可用于句首, 意为“尽管, 虽然”。如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同, 谓语动词又含有be动词时, 从句的主语和be动词可以省略。例如:
*While he was ill, he attended the meeting. (= While ill, he attended the meeting. )
虽然他生病了, 但他还是参会了。
*While the summit has been delayed, the climate emergency can’t be put on hold.
虽然峰会被推迟了, 但气候的紧急状态不能被搁置。
*While the majority of them chose to stay overseas, China will take necessary measures to help bring back those who really want to return.
虽然大多数人选择留在海外, 但中国将采取必要措施帮助那些真正想回国的人回国。
【名师点津】
while作连词时的主要用法:
(1)“当……的时候”, 引导时间状语从句
(2)“而, 然而”, 表示对比, 连接并列句
(3)“虽然; 尽管”, 表示转折, 引导让步状语从句
【即学活用】
(1)In addition, we can gradually develop a closer friendship __________________
_________.
此外, 我们可以逐渐在享受这些活动的同时发展更密切的友谊。
(2) ________________________________, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too
much time and money on it.
尽管旅游能够增长见识, 但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多时间和金钱。
(3) My brother loves adventurous life _____________________________.
我的哥哥喜欢冒险的生活, 而我喜欢宁静的生活。
while enjoying these
activities
While travel can broaden your mind
while I enjoy a more peaceful life
如何写一封表达观点的建议信
【文体感知】
　　建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告的一种文体。建议信要给出写信的原因, 建议的内容, 提出建议的理由, 而且提出的建议要合情合理, 同时语气一定要得体, 既要委婉礼貌, 又要有说服力。
读写结合 表达升级
【典题演练】
　　假定你是李华, 你的新西兰朋友Terry正在学习汉语, 他来信说有些人建议他到中国来学习汉语, 他父母却希望他在新西兰学习汉语。请你给他回信, 内容包括: 1. 对他学汉语表示高兴; 2. 你的观点; 3. 合理建议。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 可以适当发挥, 以使行文连贯。
【谋篇布局】
【遣词造句】
·完成句子
1. 得知你正在学习汉语, 我感到非常高兴。
____________________that you are learning Chinese.
2. 的确, 学好汉语有很多途径。
Indeed, __________________to learn Chinese well.
3. 如果你到中国来学汉语, 良好的语言环境会使你学起来更快, 学得更好。
If you come to China to learn Chinese, the perfect language environment will _____
________________________.
I am very glad to know
there are many ways
make
you learn faster and better
4. 持这种观点的人很多, 包括我在内。
Many people ____________and I am included.
5. 你的父母希望你在新西兰学习汉语, 也许是因为他们不想让你离开他们太
远。
Your parents want you to study Chinese in New Zealand, maybe because they _____
___________________________.
6. 我的观点是, 你到中国来学习汉语, 这样, 你不仅可以学到地道的汉语, 还能领
略独特的中国文化。
_____________, you should come to China to learn Chinese, ______you can not
only learn authentic Chinese, but also experience the unique Chinese culture.
hold this view
don’t
want you to leave them too far
In my opinion
so that
7. 希望你能说服你的父母让你来中国, 那样的话, 我可以帮你学习汉语。
_____________persuade your parents to let you come to China. In that case, I will
help you learn Chinese.
·句式升级
8. 用分词作状语改写句4。
_____________________________________
9. 用表语从句改写句6。
My opinion is ___________________________________, so that you can not only
learn authentic Chinese, but also experience the unique Chinese culture.
I hope you can
Many people hold this view, me included.
that you come to China to learn Chinese
【完美成篇】
Dear Terry,
I am very glad to know that you are learning Chinese.
Indeed, there are many ways to learn Chinese well. If you come to China to learn Chinese, the perfect language environment will make you learn faster and better. Many people hold this view, me included. As to your parents, they want you to study Chinese in New Zealand, maybe because they don’t want you to leave them too far.
My opinion is that you come to China to learn Chinese, so that you can not only learn authentic Chinese, but also experience the unique Chinese culture.
I hope you can persuade your parents to let you come to China. In that case, I will help you learn Chinese.
Yours,
Li Hua
【话题拓展】
1. 话题词汇
(1)consider考虑
(2)regret 后悔; 遗憾
(3)determine 决定
(4)intend 意图
(5)prepare 准备
(6)I am convinced 我相信
(7)try one’s best
尽某人最大努力
(8)you are supposed to
你应当……
(9)inform. . . of. . .
通知某人某事
(10)in my opinion 依我看
2. 话题句式
(1)表达感情
①It is a pity that. . .
很遗憾……
②I am glad to know. . .
我很高兴知道……
③It is my pleasure to. . .
我很高兴……
④I am willing to. . .
我很乐意……
⑤I am so sorry that. . .
非常抱歉……
(2)提出建议
①It is helpful for you to. . .
……对你很有帮助
②It would be better if. . .
如果……会好一些
③It should be a better idea for you to. . .
对你来说, ……是个不错的主意
④you are supposed to. . .
你应该……
⑤You’d better. . .
你最好……
⑥You need to. . .
你需要……
⑦would you like/ love to. . .
你想……
⑧Why not do. . .
为什么不……
⑨I’d like to suggest that. . .
我想要建议……
⑩If I were you, I would. . .
如果我是你, 我会. . . . . .
As is known to all. . .
众所周知……
What’s more, try to. . .
更重要的是, 试一试……
Last but not least, you should. . .
最后但同样重要的是, 你应当……
Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
表达观点
1. In my opinion, /I think, /I believe, /I guess, / I consider
我认为/我觉得/依我看/我的观点是
2. As far as I know/ I am concerned/I can see/ I can tell
据我所知/据我所见
3. Personally (speaking)　　　　　就个人而言, 我认为
4. My view is that. . . 我的观点是
5. As for me. . . 依我之见
6. From my point of view 依我之见
主题活动 话题实践
表达总结
1. in short/ to sum up/ all in all 总之
2. in conclusion/ in summary 总之, 最后
3. generally speaking 总的来说
4. briefly speaking 简言之
5. in a word 简言之
表达重述
1. in other words　　　　　　　换句话说
2. that is to say 也就是说
3. that means 这意味着
4. that is. . . 就是说, 换言之
5. in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上, 其实
Ⅱ. 话题情景交流
根据语境, 补全下列情景对话
1.
A: If one is rich, is he happy
B: (1) ______________(我不这样认为) It is impossible to equate wealth and
happiness.
A: Could I understand what you said as the poorest is the happiest
B: (2) _____________(当然不能) Sometimes a poor man can be extremely
miserable.
I don’t think so.
Of course not.
2.
A: What (3) _________________________(你认为) can be done to stop smoking
B: Stop producing cigarettes.
A: But that’ll influence national economy.
B: (4) ___________(我想不出) there’re better ways.
in your opinion/do you think
I don’t think
3.
A: (5) _____________(我非常肯定) that he failed the exam.
B: How did you say this
A: (6) ________________(据我所见), he looked very disappointed when the paper
was handed to him.
B: He spent too much time playing.
I’m quite sure
As far as I can see
4.
A: Do you like travelling
B: Yes, (7) ____(我喜欢).
A: Do you usually travel by bus
B: No, by train, (8) ______(我觉得) it’s much safer than bus.
I do
I think
The Story of My Life(excerpt)
It is with a kind of fear that I begin to write the history of my life. I have, as it
were, a superstitious hesitation in lifting the veil that clings about my childhood like
a golden mist. The task of writing an autobiography is a difficult one. When I try to
classify my earliest impressions, I find that fact and fancy look alike across the years
that link the past with the present. The woman paints the child’s experiences in her
own fantasy. A few impressions stand out vividly from the first years of my life;
名著悦读 素养培优
but “the shadows of the prison-house are on the rest. ”Besides, many of the joys and sorrows of childhood have lost their poignancy; and many incidents of vital importance in my early education have been forgotten in the excitement of great discoveries. In order, therefore, not to be tedious I shall try to present in a series of sketches only the episodes that seem to me to be the most interesting and important.
I was born on June 27, 1880, in Tuscumbia, a little town of northern Alabama.
The family on my father’s side is descended from Caspar Keller, a native of Switzerland, who settled in Maryland. One of my Swiss ancestors was the first teacher of the deaf in Zurich and wrote a book on the subject of their education—rather a singular coincidence; though it is true that there is no king who has not had a slave among his ancestors, and no slave who has not had a king among his.
My grandfather, Caspar Keller’s son, “entered” large tracts of land in Alabama and finally settled there. I have been told that once a year he went from Tuscumbia to Philadelphia on horseback to purchase supplies for the plantation, and my aunt has in her possession many of the letters to his family, which give charming and vivid accounts of these trips.
My Grandmother Keller was a daughter of one of Lafayette’s aides, Alexander Moore, and granddaughter of Alexander Spotswood, an early Colonial Governor of Virginia. She was also second cousin to Robert E. Lee.
My father, Arthur H. Keller, was a captain in the Confederate Army, and my mother, Kate Adams, was his second wife and many years younger. Her grandfather, Benjamin Adams, married Susanna E. Goodhue, and lived in Newbury, Massachusetts, for many years. Their son, Charles Adams, was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, and moved to Helena, Arkansas. When the Civil War broke out, he fought on the side of the South and became a brigadier-general. He married Lucy Helen Everett, who belonged to the same family of Everetts as Edward Everett and Dr. Edward Everett Hale. After the war was over the family moved to Memphis, Tennessee.
I lived, up to the time of the illness that deprived me of my sight and hearing, in a tiny house consisting of a large square room and a small one, in which the servant slept. It is a custom in the South to build a small house near the homestead as an annex to be used on occasion. Such a house my father built after the Civil War, and when he married my mother they went to live in it. It was completely covered with vines, climbing roses and honeysuckles. From the garden it looked like an arbour. The little porch was hidden from view by a screen of yellow roses and Southern smilax. It was the favourite haunt of humming-birds and bees.
The Keller homestead, where the family lived, was a few steps from our little rose-bower. It was called “Ivy Green” because the house and the surrounding trees and fences were covered with beautiful English ivy. Its old-fashioned garden was the paradise of my childhood.
【导语】 《我生活的故事》的作者是海伦·凯勒。本书是海伦·凯勒的自传体, 这本书记录了她心理与智力成长的精彩过程。
【词海拾贝】
1. superstitious 　　adj. 迷信的
2. veil n. 掩盖
3. autobiography n. 自传体
4. vividly adv. 生动地; 逼真地
5. poignancy n. 辛酸
6. vital adj. 重要的
7. tedious adj. 冗长乏味的
8. episode n. 一段经历
9. descend vi. 下来, 下降
10. coincidence n. 巧合, 偶然
11. ancestor n. 祖先
12. plantation n. 种植园
13. possession n. 财产
14. vivid adj. 生动的; 逼真的
15. deprive vt. 剥夺; 使丧失
16. annex n. 附件
17. arbour n. 凉棚
18. paradise n. 天堂
【素养笔记】
1. (语言能力)Where was she born
___________
2. (思维品质)What was the result of her illness
___________________________
3. (思维品质)What did she think of the garden
_____________________________________
Tuscumbia.
She lost her sight and hearing.
She had a happy childhood in the garden.
4. (文化意识)What do you know about the Civil War
____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
________
读后感悟: ___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
The Civil War is the biggest civil war in America. It brought the slavery in the
South of America to an end and had a great influence on the whole society of
America.
译文:
我生活的故事(节选)
我是怀着惴惴不安的心情书写我生活的历史的。在我整个的童年时代, 生活犹如笼罩在我身边的一团金色雾霭。冥冥之中, 我是懵懂而迟疑地揭开生活的迷茫的。每当我试图分辨孩童时期记忆的时候, 我就会发现, 往昔的时光美好而真实, 它如同一条纽带, 同此时此刻的我紧紧相连。女人们通常会以富于想象力的方式来描述自己的童年经历。虽然, 那些鲜活而生动的记忆来自我生命的最初时光, 但是, “牢房一般的阴暗将伴随着我的余生”。此外, 童年时代的欢乐和悲伤大都成为往事前尘, 它们已然失去了当时的锋芒; 在我接受早期教育过程中的那些重大事件, 已经随着更加激动人心的伟大发现而被淡忘。因此, 从这个意义上来说, 将我生活中那些至关重要的章节做一个全盘性的勾勒, 于我倒并不是一件枯燥乏味的工作。
我于1880年6月27日出生在亚拉巴马州北部的一个叫作图斯康比亚的小镇。
我父亲家的先人是来自瑞士的卡斯帕·凯勒家族, 他们最初定居在马里兰州。在我的瑞士祖先中, 有一个人曾是苏黎世聋哑学校的首位教师, 他曾写过一本有关教学生涯的书—这似乎具有某种一脉相承的偶然性; 尽管在他的祖先中没有王者, 也不曾豢养过一个奴隶, 而且, 在早期先民之中, 也没有奴隶曾隶属于一位王者。
我的祖父, 卡斯帕·凯勒家族之子, “进入”了亚拉巴马州这片广袤的土地并最终在此定居。我后来得知, 曾经有那么一年, 祖父骑马从图斯康比亚前往费城, 为的是给种植园添置一些耕作用具。在我姑妈寄来的许多家信中, 曾对祖父的这些旅行有过生动而清晰的记述。
我的祖母凯勒是一个侍从武官的女儿, 那名军官叫亚历山大·穆尔; 祖母也是亚历山大·斯鲍茨伍德的孙女, 这位斯鲍茨伍德先生曾是弗吉尼亚州最早的殖民总督。此外, 祖母也是罗伯特·E. 李将军的二表妹。
我的父亲, 亚瑟·H. 凯勒是联邦军队中的一个上尉, 而我的母亲凯特·亚当斯是他的第二个妻子, 两人年龄相差悬殊。母亲的祖父是本杰明·亚当斯, 他娶了苏姗娜·E. 古德休为妻, 他们在马萨诸塞州的纽伯里住了很多年。他们的儿子查尔斯·亚当斯就出生在马萨诸塞州的纽伯里波特, 后来他搬到了阿肯色州的海伦娜。当时正值南北战争爆发, 他代表南军参战, 后来官至准将军衔。他娶了露西·海伦·埃弗里特为妻, 露西同爱德华·埃弗里特和爱德华·埃弗里特·黑尔博士同宗同门。战争结束后, 夫妻俩搬到了田纳西州的孟菲斯。
我一直住在一个狭小的房子里面, 直到疾病令我丧失了视觉和听觉。当时的家园是由一个巨大的四方形房间和一个小房间构成的, 仆人们都睡在那个小房间里。这源自南方人的习俗, 挨着宅第建一座附属的小房子, 以备不时之需。宅第是我父亲在内战结束后建造的, 在娶了我母亲后, 他们就在此定居了。房子完全被葡萄藤、攀爬的蔷薇和金银花覆盖了, 从花园望去, 那里就像一个巨大的凉亭。而那个小门廊则被满眼的黄玫瑰和南方天冬草所遮蔽。因此这里就变成了蜂雀和蜜蜂最常出没的地方。
凯勒家的宅第距我们家的玫瑰小凉亭只有几步之遥。这里也被叫作“常春藤绿地”, 因为房子和周围的树丛及篱笆被美丽的英格兰常春藤所缠绕覆盖。这个老式的花园正是我童年时代的天堂。(共37张PPT)
六　Unit 2　Using Language
【语用训练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. He’s intelligent enough but he lacks __________(motivate).
2. You must take all __________(reason) measures to protect yourself and your
family.
3. The beauties of the West Lake in spring were beyond his __________(expect).
4. Children, when _______(expose) to an English speaking atmosphere, will pick up
the language much more easily.
5. An unhappy home environment can affect a child’s _________(behave).
motivation
reasonable
expectation
exposed
behaviour
6. The village itself is pretty, but the ___________(surround) countryside is rather
dull.
7. She’s been very _________(depress) and upset about this whole situation.
8. Taking exercise can not only __________(strength) your body but also release you
from stress.
9. He was a loyal, distinguished and very _________(competence)civil servant.
10. We ________(sincere)hope that you will soon be restored to health.
surrounding
depressed
strengthen
competent
sincerely
Ⅱ. 根据语境和汉语提示填上适当的短语
1. You will ___________________(花一大笔钱) if you want to get a nursing
qualification.
2. Some students who ______________________(遭受文化冲击)may feel
depressed.
3. __________(除此之外), you should be prepared for your presentation and _____
___(明确表态)your opinions.
4. He should ____________(为……做贡献) the development of the local economy,
which is beyond expectation.
cost an arm and a leg
suffer from culture shock
In addition
speak
up
contribute to
5. _____________________(总之), he is a competent and ambitious manager.
6. _______________(就我所知), Tom is optimistic about his future.
7. ______________________(依我看来), we should strengthen the relationship with
the surrounding communities.
8. As a mature young man, you should always ________(支持) the justice and
fairness.
9. _________________(一般来说), you will gain a lot of experience when doing
volunteer work.
10. The protection of environment ______(反过来)will boom economy
dramatically.
To sum up/In summary
As far as I know
As far as I am concerned
side with
Generally speaking
in turn
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. _______________of a passage is important to learn English well. (动名词作主
语)
理解一篇文章的细节对学好英语很重要。
2. We should know ___________________other companies to achieve our goal. (动
词+疑问词+不定式)
为了实现我们的目标, 我们应该知道如何与其他公司合作。
3. _____________________, his behaviour had dramatic changes. (as从句)
随着汤姆的成熟, 他的行为有了很大的变化。
Grasping details
how to cooperate with
As Tom became mature
4. The young people ____________may have a more promising outlook. (现在分词
作定语)
行为比较得体的年轻人可能会更有前途。
5. I sincerely hope to have a good opportunity __________more Chinese traditional
customs. (不定式作定语)
我真诚地希望我们有个好机会来接触更多的中国传统习俗。
behaving well
to expose to
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·葫芦岛高二检测)
As the birthplace of kites in the world, Weifang, Shandong province of China, produces beautiful, vivid, colorful and high-quality kites. Now, more than 70% of kites in the world are exported from Weifang. If you want to see various shapes and sizes of kites covering the sky, you cannot miss the Weifang Kite Festival held on the third Saturday of every April.
In 2020, tens of thousands of Chinese participants gathered in Weifang, from
Sept. 26 to 29 for the 37th International Kite Festival. Held since 1984, the
International Kite Festival is an annual event to “exhibit the excellence of the kite
lovers to the public, ” according to the festival’s website.
During the festival, kite lovers can enjoy stunt (特技表演) kite flying, also
known as aerial ballet. Controlled by either a single person or a group, the kites form
different shapes in the air. People always devote a lot of time and wisdom to making
their own kites. From animals that crawl (爬行) on the ground or swim in the water
to legends like Monkey King, everything can fly in the sky at the festival. One of
this year’s highlights was the giant kites decorated with images of medical staff and
the Long March 5 rocket, which reflect the hot topics in 2020.
“Flying a kite is like flying your dream. All the cultural symbols from ancient to
modern times can be found in the sky of Weifang, ” noted Medium. After more than
three decades of development, the festival has become a place to appreciate kites.
But most importantly, it serves as a unique cultural event to promote international
exchange.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了潍坊的国际风筝节。
1. What does the text mainly talk about
A. A kite festival.
B. A kite birthplace.
C. The future of kites.
D. Kite performances.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段可知, 这篇文章主要介绍了潍坊的风筝节。故选A。
2. For what purpose is the kite festival held every year
A. To enjoy animals flying in the air.
B. To show kite-lovers’ brilliance.
C. To perform specialized kite flying.
D. To enhance Weifang’s global impact.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知, 每年举行风筝节的目的是展示风筝爱好者的才能。故选B。
3. What can be known from Paragraph 3
A. It takes a lot of trouble to make a kite.
B. Stunt kite flying is the only highlight.
C. Imagination can be shown in the kite.
D. Decorations matter least in the show.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中“People always devote a lot of time and wisdom to making their own kites. ”可知, 想象力可以在风筝上表现出来。故选C。
4. What is the most important role the festival plays
A. It helps organize an international event.
B. It offers tips on how to appreciate kites.
C. It helps make the place known worldwide.
D. It enhances international cultural exchange.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知, 这个节日最重要的作用是它促进了国际文化交流。故选D。
B
Culture shock has many stages. Each stage can appear only at certain times. Culture begins with the “honeymoon”. This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. This honeymoon stage can last for quite a long time. Afterwards, the second stage presents itself. A person may encounter some difficult times in daily life. This period of culture adjustment (调整) can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting the new culture. This “rejection stage” can be quite dangerous because the visitor may develop unhealthy habits, such as smoking, drinking too much.
The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new
culture. A new feeling of pleasure and sense of humor may be experienced. And you
are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things
are still difficult, but you are now a survivor! This is called the “adjustment stage”.
The fourth stage can be called “ at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in
your new environment. You can deal with most problems. You may still have
problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.
If you meet someone from your country who has just arrived, you can be the expert
on life in the new culture and help them to deal with their culture shock.
The fifth stage is the stage that is called the “re-entry shock. ” This occurs when a return to the country of origin is made. One may find that things are no longer the same. For example, some of the newly learned customs are not in use in the old culture.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化冲击的五个阶段。蜜月阶段、拒绝阶段、调整阶段、适应阶段、重返冲击。并分别介绍了几个阶段产生的原因及特点。
5. What could be the best title of the passage
A. How to Fight Cultural Shock
B. Stages of Cultural Shock
C. Origin of Cultural Shock
D. How to Adjust to New Culture
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Culture shock has many stages. (文化冲击有很多阶段。 )”并结合全文对文化冲击五个阶段的产生的原因及特点的描述可知文章的主旨是介绍文化冲击的五个阶段。故选B。
6. In which stage may people miss their friends and relatives and feel homesick most
A. The “honeymoon”.
B. The “rejection stage”.
C. The “adjustment stage”.
D. The “re-entry shock”.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第一段后半部分可知: 之后, 就进入了第二阶段。一个人在日常生活中可能会遇到一些困难。这段时间的文化调整是非常困难的, 会导致新来的人排斥新的文化。由此可推知, 在一个人处于文化冲击第二阶段的时候是最困难的, 很难适应新的文化并且可能产生排斥或拒绝, 可推测一个人在文化冲击的“拒绝阶段”可能会非常地想念亲友。故选B。
7. Why do people experience the “re-entry shock”
A. The place is not the same as before.
B. The old customs have changes over the years.
C. They are not used to the local customs.
D. They are no longer what they used to be.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知, 当回国时就会发生这种情况: 人们可能会发现事情已经不一样了。例如, 一些新学到的习俗在旧文化中并不使用。由此推测他们会经历重返冲击是因为他们再返回自己的国家时会对本土的风俗习惯感到不适应。故选C。
C
According to the Study Abroad Trend Report for 2018, conducted by Chinese education website , the number of Chinese students who study abroad to gain a bachelor’s degree or below is rising, and the current group of Chinese overseas students is younger than those in the past years.
Du Xiying, a Beijing-based study-abroad agent, has first-hand experience working with this younger crop of students. “When I started this job some 10 years ago, almost all cases were filed by college graduates trying to apply for a master’s degree in the US, UK, Australia and Canada, ” said Du. “Now quite a number of my
clients are high school graduates, and my company even transferred some experienced consultants to cover the increasing need of college-bound Chinese students. ” However, in the eyes of Du, most of them are not ready to put themselves in a completely different context at such a young age. Although there are no statistics available, according to Du’s observations, college-bound high school graduates from China fall into two groups. There is a group of students from well-off families, with good grades and excellent command of English, and there is another group who did not do very well in their college entrance exams, so they seek to study abroad as a solution to their troubles. “In recent years, with the financial ability of Chinese
families growing with the country’s development, buying into college is very
common, ” said Du.
Complaints come from both destination schools in the US and parents of
students. Going abroad at a young age needs a great deal of discipline(自律), and
college students don’t usually live at home-stays so they are free from management.
A considerable quantity of students have ended with being dismissed(开除).
As to the dismissal issue, Du said it’s inevitable due to the large number of
students crowding a broach. It’s just not easy to ensure quality. But she does think
both students and parents should be responsible for their own investment of both
time and money. “The worst case is that a family throws out 1 million yuan for their child to come home with nothing, not even fluent English, ”said Du.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对资深留学中介的采访, 报道了目前很多去往英美等国家的中国留学生年轻化的趋势和引发的一些相关问题。
8. What change is mentioned in Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2
A. The age of Chinese students studying abroad is getting younger.
B. More Chinese students studying abroad are getting a master’s degree.
C. Excellent students prefer studying abroad to taking college entrance exams.
D. Chinese students’ grades are improving due to professional consultants’ help.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段大意, 尤其是第一段结尾. . . and the current group of Chinese overseas students is younger than those in the past years. 目前的中国留学生群体比过去几年更年轻可知, 近年来去往英美等国家的中国留学生年轻化。故选A。
9. Which opinion does Du probably agree with
A. Most young students are qualified to study abroad.
B. Buying into schools could be a good solution to students’ problems.
C. Destination schools should be responsible for the management of students.
D. Parents and students should be cautious about the decision to study abroad.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段提到的有些中国留学生无法自律, 无法毕业的问题, 以及最后一段第三句可知, 但她认为学生和家长都应该为自己的时间和金钱投资负责。故选D。
10. Why do some students fail in their oversea study
A. They are not financially supported.
B. They are rejected by destination schools.
C. They can’t live up to their parents’ expectations.
D. They can’t live and study abroad independently.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段第四句他们中的大多数人还没有准备好在这么小的年纪把自己放在一个完全不同的环境中。根据倒数第二句可知还有一群高考成绩不好, 所以他们寻求出国留学来解决自己的问题。以及第三段提到中国留学生缺乏自律的问题, 可知有些中国留学生没有能力独立适应国外的生活和学习。故选D。
11. What does the underlined word “inevitable” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Can’t be avoided. 　　B. Can’t be ignored.
C. Can’t be realized. D. Can’t be predicted.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句和第二句可知, 杜说由于学生数量多, 难以保证质量, 所以被大学开除的问题是“难以避免的”。故选A。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
　　The world-known Silk Road across the Eurasian Continent is a friendship
bridge 1. 　　　　　 (link) the Europe and Asian people. It is one of the most
important theme tourist routes in the world and the most 2. 　　　　　 (value)
tourist product in China. From the time Zhang Qian 3. 　　　　　 (open) up the
world-famous Silk Road during the Han Dynasty, until the collapse of the Yuan
Dynasty, it enjoyed 4. 　　　　　 history of about 1, 600 years.
Silk Road with 5. 　　　　　 (it) 2, 000 years history has witnessed the
historical changes and the progress of cultures’ 6. 　　　　　 (exchange) between
China and the Western countries. The section in China, many ethnic cultures
7. 　　　　　 (include), is also as a jade belt. The peoples of these ethnic groups such as Mongolians, Huis, Uygurs, Hazaks have maintained their unique traditions and cultures, living habits and religious beliefs, 8. 　　　　　 are from the soul of the Silk Road and attract many tourists to visit. In fact, 9. 　　　　　 the Silk Road in the northwest of China, there are another two trade roads in the southwest of China and by sea, which also contribute 10. 　　　　　 (great) to the development of the world. They are called the “Southern Silk Road” and the “Silk Road on the Sea”.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了世界著名的丝绸之路的历史及它的重要性, 同时介绍了两条极大地促进世界发展的贸易之路: 南部丝绸之路和海上丝绸之路。
1. 【解析】linking。考查非谓语动词作定语。根据句意可知空格后部分为定语
修饰bridge, 且根据主谓关系可知用现在分词形式。
2. 【解析】valuable。考查形容词。结合并列连词and前面的最高级和空前的
most以及句意可知此处填value的形容词。
3. 【解析】opened。考查时态。根据时间状语during the Han Dynasty可知用一
般过去时。
4. 【解析】a。考查冠词。根据句意可知此处表示“它有大约1 600年的历史”, a
history of. . . ……的历史。
5. 【解析】its。考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知要填的是history的
定语, 故用形容词物主代词。
6. 【解析】exchanges。考查名词的复数。根据句意“中国和西方国家的文化交
流的过程”可知此处指中国与不同国家之间的交流, 故用复数。
7. 【解析】included。考查非谓语动词。根据句意分析句子结构可知此处为独
立主格结构, many ethnic cultures和include之间为被动关系。
8. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知逗号后的定语从句缺少
主语, 修饰前面的整句话, 故用which。
9. 【解析】besides。考查介词。根据句意“除了中国西北部的丝绸之路, 在中国
东南部还有另外两条商业路线”可知用besides, 表示“除……之外”。
10. 【解析】greatly。考查副词。修饰动词短语contribute to要用副词。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
　　假定你是李华, 你的英国朋友Peter来信告知他上周通过了孔子学院(the Confucius Institute)的笔试, 而且下周三要参加其面试, 现征询你的意见。请你写封回信, 内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 提出建议(至少2条);
3. 表示祝愿。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
Congratulations! I am exceedingly happy to hear the amazing news that you
have passed the written examination to enter the Confucius Institute. I’m writing to
help you better prepare for the upcoming interview for the Confucius Institute
scheduled this Wednesday.
It would be wise of you to read some books about Confucius, which helps to
better understand traditional Chinese culture. Also, some widely-used Chinese
greetings are what you cannot afford to miss, which can show your politeness in a
Chinese way. Additionally, wearing Han-style clothing will surely impress the interviewers greatly.
Congratulations again, and wish you good luck!
Yours,
Li Hua(共11张PPT)
Unit 2　Bridging Cultures　
单元脉图·素养导引
单元脉图·素养导引
聆听经典·话题热身
【导语】 音乐是人类语言的延伸, 是一种形象的、感人的沟通方式。 波士顿伯
克利音乐学院的学生在肯尼亚度过了三周的时间。他们试图通过音乐进行文化
交流。
注: 听音填空
American Music Students in Kenya
Current and former students from Berklee College of Music in Boston recently
①________to the United States after three weeks in Kenya. They were part of a
cultural ②________program aiming to influence lives through music. They taught
music, performed and donated instruments to a Kenyan community center. They also
learned about ③__________Kenyan music.
returned
exchange
traditional
Music is an important part of life in Kenya.
Sam Lutomia: “Growing up, I sang a lot in school. And we had competitions
and choir and music every year. ”
Sam Lutomia works for the Berklee College of Music. He was born and spent
his early years in Kenya.
Sam Lutomia: “When I moved to the States, I got ④_________a higher level
of music. And I was like, ‘Is there something I can do now that I’m in the States ‘”
He helped to create a group ⑤______Global Youth Groove. Its goal is to bring
western music to young Kenyans, and get them to consider music as a career.
exposed to
called
Sam Lutomia: “I started talking with students at Berklee College of Music and
faculty members, and they all responded ⑥_________. And we started collecting
instruments. ”
Thirteen Americans made the trip to Kenya in July. They ⑦________four high
school students from the Boston area. One of them was Marina Miller.
Marina Miller: “We ⑧__________in Nairobi. We got a chance to meet with
local musicians and listen to them play. ”
positively
included
started out
Project coordinator Aaron Colverson says the Americans presented a ⑨___
during a visit to Kakamega in western Kenya.
Aaron Colverson: “We’ve gathered like 20 instruments. We had some recorders
and also an entire drum kit, lap tops and recording software. ”
Many Kenyans ⑩________the activities offered by the group.
gift
attended
译文:
在肯尼亚的美国音乐生
　　最近, 波士顿伯克利音乐学院本届和往届的学生在肯尼亚度过了三周的时间后回到美国。他们是旨在通过音乐影响生活的文化交流项目的一部分。他们在一个肯尼亚社区中心教音乐, 表演并捐赠乐器。他们还学习了肯尼亚传统音乐。
音乐是肯尼亚生活的一个重要部分。
Sam Lutomia: “在成长的过程中, 我在学校经常唱歌。我们每年都会进行比赛、合唱和其他音乐节目。”
Sam Lutomia在伯克利音乐学院工作。他在肯尼亚出生, 早年也在肯尼亚生活。
Sam Lutomia: “当我移居美国之后, 我接触到了更高水平的音乐。我就想, ‘既然我在美国, 有没有什么可做的呢 ‘”
他帮助创建了Global Youth Groove组织, 该组织的目标是将西方音乐带给肯尼亚年轻人, 让他们把音乐作为一种职业。
Sam Lutomia: “我开始与伯克利音乐学院的学生和教员讨论, 他们的反应都非常积极。后来我们就开始收集乐器。”
7月份, 13名美国人前往肯尼亚, 包括波士顿地区的4名高中生。其中一人是Marina Miller。
Marina Miller: “我们从内罗毕开始。我们有机会与当地音乐家会面, 并观看了他们的表演。”
项目协调员Aaron Colverson说, 在访问肯尼亚西部的卡卡梅加时他们赠送了礼物。
Aaron Colverson: “我们收集了大约20件乐器。有一些录音机, 一整套的鼓乐器, 手提电脑和录音软件。”
许多肯尼亚人参加了该组织的活动。