人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5 First Aid 课件（7份打包）

(共37张PPT)
Unit 5　 First Aid
Learning About Language
复习动词-ing形式
【情境探究】
观察上面对话, 并用给出词的适当形式填空
1. ________(read)books widens our knowledge.
2. I suggest _______(put) off the sports meet.
3. ______(see) those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
Reading
putting
Seeing
【要义详析】
　　动词的-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式, 由动词原形加-ing构成, 包括-ing分词和-ing动名词。可以在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和定语。动词-ing形式的时态和语态为:
主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
　　动词-ing形式前面有时可加名词所有格、物主代词或人称代词宾格。动词-ing形式的否定形式是在前面加not。现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。现在分词的完成式通常表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生。
*She sat there, reading a novel. 她坐在那里看小说。
*Being repaired, the swimming pool won’t open until next month.
由于正在被修理, 直到下个月游泳池才会开放。
*Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV. 做完作业后, 这个小女孩开始看电视。
*Having been warned by the teacher, the students didn’t make such mistakes.
被老师警告之后, 学生们不再犯这样的错误了。
*Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
他们来帮忙对我们来说是一个很大的鼓舞。
一、动词-ing形式作主语
　　动词的-ing形式可以在句中作主语, 此时也可称为动名词。
*(2020·浙江高考)Running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating.
经营家庭需要高水平的规划和协调。
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
发光的植物可以缩短这段距离, 从而帮助节约能源。
*(2019 全国卷Ⅰ)Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences.
被(他人)喜欢能创造学习和新的生活体验的机会。
【名师点津】
　　动词的-ing形式在句中作主语时, 常用it作形式主语, 而把动词的-ing形式放在句后。常用于句型: It is + no use/no good/ fun. . . + doing sth.
*It is no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
*It’s no good playing computer games too much.
玩太多的电脑游戏没好处。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①________(work) with Jane in the same office helped me to get a good
understanding of her independent working style.
②It’s no use ___________(complain) without taking action.
③____________(volunteer) just feels so good.
④____________(invite) to the party was a great honour to the family.
(2)句式升级
Playing games online is a waste of time.
→___a waste of time __________________.
Working
complaining
Volunteering
Being invited
It’s
playing games online
二、动词-ing形式作表语
动词-ing形式作表语的两种不同含义:
1. 动词-ing形式作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。
*The real question is getting to know the needs of the people.
真正的问题是了解人民的需要。
2. 动词-ing形式作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。
*I think that the problem is quite challenging.
我认为这个问题相当有挑战性。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Going into hospital can be very __________(frighten) for a child.
②Henry’s job is _______________(teach) physics in a local middle school.
③Your task is ________(clean) the old car over there on your own.
(2)His hobby is _____________in his spare time.
他的爱好是在业余时间读书。
(3)The trip is ___________, and we have decided to have a similar one.
这次旅行很是激动人心, 我们已决定再进行一次类似的旅行。
frightening
teaching/to teach
cleaning
reading books
very exciting
三、动词-ing形式作宾语
动词-ing形式既可作动词宾语, 又可作介词宾语。
1. 动词-ing形式作动词宾语
*I hope you will consider travelling to China when you are free.
我希望你在有空的时候考虑来中国旅行。
*I suggest doing it in a different way.
我建议用一种不同的方法做这件事。
2. 动词-ing形式作介词宾语
*(2019 全国卷Ⅱ)The same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.
同样的家长最终会成为这个团队中的非常重要的一员。
*“Only by coming together will we be able to face down the COVID-19 pandemic. ” Guterres wrote in the Guardian.
古特雷斯发表在《卫报》的文章中写道: “只有团结起来, 我们才能战胜新冠肺炎疫情。”
【巧学助记】　口诀记忆只跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词
禁止幻想, 　　　　　　　 (就)否定设想;
forbid, fancy, deny, imagine
避免错过, (就)继续苦练;
avoid, miss, 　　 keep/keep on, practice
允许冒险, 　　　 (就)考虑逃亡;
allow/permit, risk, consider, escape
推迟完成, 　 (就)期盼原谅;
delay/put off, finish, look forward to, excuse/pardon
承认喜欢, 　　 (就)建议感激;
admit, enjoy, 　　 suggest/advise, appreciate
容忍介意, 　　 (就)容忍讨厌。
stand, mind, 　　 bear, dislike。
【名师点津】
　　在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后, 作宾语的动词-ing形式常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如:
*Your cell phone needs repairing.
=Your cell phone needs to be repaired.
你的手机需要维修一下了。
*This newly published book is well worth reading.
= This newly published book is well worth to be read.
这本新出版的书很值得一看。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I’m looking forward to _______(hear) from you.
②He devotes himself to _______(look) into the matter.
③She likes spending much money ______(buy) clothes for herself.
④Giving up your plan means ______(lose) a large amount of money.
⑤All of us stopped _______(talk) when we saw our teacher come in.
hearing
looking
buying
losing
talking
(2)句型转换
These clothes need washing.
→These clothes need ____________.
(3)I ________________________on a sunny day.
我喜欢和朋友在一个阳光明媚的日子里散步。
to be washed
love walking with my friend
四、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
　　动词-ing形式作宾语补足语, 表示一个正在进行的主动动作或一种状态, 作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式与其前的宾语存在逻辑上的主动关系。能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词:
1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词, 即“感官动词(组)”, 常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。
*(2019 全国卷Ⅱ)Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving cautiously away.
穿过田地, Greg看到一条狗正谨慎地离开。
*When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 当我们回来时, 我们发现一个陌生人站在房子前面。
2. 表示“叫、让、使”等指使意义的动词, 即“使役动词”, 常见的有have, set, keep, get, leave等。
*It’s very cold. We should have the fire burning all the time.
天很冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。
*We can’t have the young man treating the guardian in that rude way.
我们无法容忍那个年轻人如此粗鲁地对待护卫。
【名师点津】动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语的区别
　　在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后, 既可用动词-ing形式构成复合宾语, 也可用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语, 两者之间有一定的区别。用v. -ing形式时, 表示动作正在进行; 用不带to的不定式时, 表示动作发生了, 即动作的全过程结束了。
*He saw a girl getting in the car at that time.
那时他看见一个女孩正在上汽车。
*He saw a girl get in the car. 他看见一个女孩上车了。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I felt someone _______(pat) me on the shoulder.
②When he passed the swimming pool, he saw someone _________(swim) in it.
③I heard Mary ____(sing)a song in the next room last night.
(2)句型转换
①As time passes by, we will have a better and better life.
→___________________, we will have a better and better life.
②I saw that they were coming across the street.
→I _____________________the street.
patting
swimming
sing
With time passing by
saw them coming across
③I stood on the bridge and watched boats were passing by.
→I stood on the bridge and ______________________.
watched boats passing by
五、动词-ing形式作定语
1. 动词-ing形式作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。
*I am proud of our booming country today!
我为我们如今繁荣发展的国家感到自豪!
*(2019 全国卷Ⅲ)They invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition.
他们邀请我们参加当地活动, 并让我们了解一个有趣的比赛。
2. 动词-ing形式短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面, 相当于一个定语从句。
*Who is the comrade standing by the door(=that is standing by the door) 站在门边的同志是谁
*They lived in a house facing south(=that faces south).
他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
3. 动词-ing形式还可以作非限制性定语, 相当于一个非限制性定语从句, 常用逗号和句子其他部分分开。
*The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants. (=which ranges from butterflies to elephants)
国家公园有许多的野生动物, 从蝴蝶到大象。
*When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat(=who wore a dirty and worn-out overcoat), ran to her with joy.
当她出现的时候, 约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑向她。
【名师点津】动词-ing形式用作定语时, 可以表示被修饰名词所具有的性质特征(几乎等同于形容词), 也可表示正在进行的动作, 或说明被修饰名词的用途。
*She glanced at the sleeping child and then hurried away.
她瞟了一眼睡着的孩子, 随即匆匆离开了。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The topic ______________(discuss) now has drawn some experts’ attention.
②Grandma came into my bedroom with a _______(walk) stick in her hand.
(2)句型转换
①Students are not permitted to speak aloud in the room that/which is used for
reading.
→Students are not permitted to speak aloud _________________.
②The boys who are gathering at the school gate are my classmates.
→The boys ________________________are my classmates.
being discussed
walking
in the reading room
gathering at the school gate
六、动词-ing形式作状语
　　动词-ing形式或动词-ing短语作状语时, 可以在句中充当让步、时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随或补充说明等状语, 与句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系(是主动的), 有时可以转化成相应的状语从句。
*Not coming on time, he was punished.
= Because he didn’t come on time, he was punished.
因为没有按时来, 他受到了惩罚。
*Working hard, you will succeed.
=If you work hard, you will succeed.
努力工作, 你就会成功。
*Having failed many times, he didn’t lose heart.
=Though he had failed many times, he didn’t lose heart.
尽管失败了许多次, 他仍然没有失去信心。
*The teacher stood there, reading a newspaper.
=The teacher stood there, and read a newspaper.
(伴随状语, 可以转化为一个并列句)
老师站在那里, 读着报纸。
*Please answer the question using another way.
请用另外一种方式回答问题。
【名师点津】固定的动词-ing形式(短语)作状语
　　高中阶段有一些固定的-ing分词(短语), 如generally speaking(一般来说), judging from. . . (根据……来判断), considering. . . (考虑到……), talking of. . . (谈到……, 提到……), supposing. . . (假如……)等, 它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这类词或短语可以被称之为句子的状语, 也可当作一个插入语。如:
*Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada.
从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。
*Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.
考虑到他是那么穷, 我们决定让他免费听音乐会。
【知识延伸】
　　动词-ing形式(短语)作状语时, 其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致; 如果不一致, 必须用独立主格结构表示, 也就是在前面加上它的逻辑主语。
*Spring coming, the field are full of life.
春天来了, 田野充满生机。
*The teacher being ill, the lecture was put off.
老师病了, 讲座被推迟了。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Having _______(work) for three hours, he took a rest.
②Tom came _______(dash) into the room with some film tickets in his hand.
③Having _____(spend) all his money, the boy had to give his mother a call.
(2)句型转换
①When he heard the news, he couldn’t help laughing.
→_______________, he couldn’t help laughing.
worked
dashing
spent
Hearing the news
②As I don’t know her address, I had better telephone her to come over.
→______________________, I had better telephone her to come over.
③The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
→The child slipped and fell, ____________________________.
④Having been told many times, he still didn’t learn these rules by heart.
→_________________________________, he still didn’t learn these rules by
heart.
⑤Morris lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.
→Morris lay on the grass, ____________________________.
Not knowing her address
and hit his head against the door
Although he had been told many times
staring at the sky for a long time
(3)I saw a couple of youngsters ___________________________.
我看到一对年轻夫妇正往湖里扔垃圾。
(4)Mother has the little girl _______________this afternoon.
母亲让小女孩今天下午一直弹钢琴。
(5)All night long he lay awake, _____________________.
整夜他都醒着, 思考着这个问题。
(6)(2019 全国卷Ⅰ) __________________, I’m skeptical about the place.
听到这些故事, 我对这个地方产生了怀疑。
throwing rubbish into the lake
playing the piano
thinking of the problem
Hearing these stories
【语法主题应用】
用动词-ing形式简要介绍一下急救知识的重要性
1. 学习一些急救知识是很有必要的。(动词-ing作主语)
2. 在我们的日常生活中, 有一些经常发生的小事故。(动词-ing作定语)
3. 面对一些紧急情况时, 我们应该保持冷静并对患者进行急救。(动词-ing作时间状语)
4. 我建议我们都参加一些急救课程。(动词-ing作宾语)
　　Learning some knowledge about first aid is necessary. There are always some small accidents happening in our daily life. Facing some emergencies, we should keep calm and perform first aid to the victim, which can make a difference. Therefore, I suggest our attending first aid classes. (共23张PPT)
十四　Unit 5　Learning About Language
【语用训练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. It’s no use _________(discuss) with him over the small thing on such a big
occasion.
2. I still remember ____________________________(take) to see films in the open
air when I was small.
3. The key to _______(solve) the problem is to meet the demand made by the
customers.
4 . People ________(work ) in green environment have been found to have fewer
stomachaches.
discussing
being taken / having been taken
solving
working
5. He didn’t come today, _______(make) it necessary for us to find someone else to
do his work.
6. He sent me an e-mail , _________(expect) to get further information.
7. With the virus _________(spread) rapidly in this region, a large amount of
medical equipment is in need.
8. I won’t have you ________( speak ) to your father like that. It is very impolite.
9. _________(travel) by car, we visited many exciting and beautiful places.
10. ______________(work)for two years, Steve managed to finish his report on
schedule.
making
expecting
spreading
speaking
Travelling
Having worked
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Jack sat by the window, ______________________.
杰克坐在窗边, 盯着安静的街道。
2. Its aim is to raise people’s awareness of _________________.
它的目标是提高人们保护地球的意识。
3. The boss kept the workers _____________________.
这位老板让工人们工作了整整一夜。
4. _________________is good for his health.
他早起对他的健康有好处。
staring at the quiet street
protecting the earth
working the whole night
His getting up early
5. The man _______________in the meeting is my teacher.
在会上作演讲的那个人是我的老师。
6. When we returned to the dormitory, we _______________________in it.
当我们回到宿舍时, 发现里面站着一个陌生人。
7. ______________________that you’re going to Beijing , I’m more than pleased
to give you some advice.
知道你要去北京, 我非常高兴给你提一些建议。
8. They are loyal to us and we will ____________________to play with our pets.
它们对我们很忠诚, 我们发现和我们的宠物一起玩很有趣。
making a speech
found a stranger standing
Knowing / Having known
find it very interesting
9. The park was full of people __________________in the sunshine.
公园里满是人, 在阳光下享受自我。
10. __________________________, they found time to carry out their traveling
plan.
大学毕业后, 他们找到时间来实施他们的旅行计划。
enjoying themselves
After graduating from college
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
(2021·潍坊高二检测)
Imagine this: You’re bleeding. Nothing seems to make it stop. Then you apply a gel to your wound, and the blood stops coming out within seconds. You’re healed in minutes. This is the VetiGel, created by Joe Landolina—a 22-year-old who invented the product many years ago.
Landolina is now the founder and CEO of Suneris, a company that produces the gel. Suneris announced last week that it would begin to ship VetiGel to vets later this summer. Humans won’t be far behind.
When injected into a wound site, the gel can form a clot (凝块) within 12 seconds and heal the wound within minutes. Once it hits the damaged tissue, whether it’s open skin or a soft organ—livers, kidneys—the gel instantly forms a structure. “What that means is that the gel will make a structure that holds the wound together, ”Landolina says.
As fast-acting as VetiGel is, its inventor may be faster. Landolina invented an early version of the gel out of his grandfather’s lab. He was still in high school. Over the next four and a half years, Landolina turned the prototype into a business. The first product costs $150. Landolina says Suneris has its sights set on US first, followed by a release in Europe and Asia sometime early next year.
A few years down the line, Landolina says, the goal will be to expand out of vet offices to help treat members of our own species. He forecasts receiving FDA (食品药品监督管理局)approval within the year for testing on human wounds. If all goes according to plan, VetiGel will first help military personnel and EMTs treat injuries. Then it will enter operating rooms and finally, individual homes.
Landolina says Suneris has yet to observe any negative side effects of VetiGel. The company holds weekly meetings with vets to ensure the product meets their needs.
【文章大意】文章介绍了一个年轻人发明了一种止血的好药品。
1. The writer uses the underlined sentences to 　　　.
A. tell the readers how to stop the bleeding
B. arouse the readers’ interest in the topic
C. show what is the best way to heal wound
D. tell the readers how to avoid injuries
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 作者用画线句子让读者假设自己身处流血的情况, 目的是引起读者对这个话题的兴趣, 故选B。
2. What will the VetiGel be first used to treat
A. vets　　　　B. human C. animals D. students
【解析】选C。推理判断题。从文章第二段第二句“Suneris announced last week that it would begin to ship VetiGel to vets later this summer. ”可知, 该药品让兽医先使用, 据此可以推知该药会先用在动物身上, 故选C。
3. What made the VetiGel stop bleeding
A. The soft organ. B. The damaged tissue. C. The wound. D. The clot.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When injected into a wound site, the gel can form a clot within 12 seconds and heal the wound within minutes. ”可知, VetiGel在伤口上形成一个凝块帮助止血, 故选D。
4. If the medicine enters individual homes, it must　　　.
A. get the permission from FDA
B. have some negative side effects
C. meet needs of some companies
D. expand out of the hospitals
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“He forecasts receiving FDA approval within the year for testing on human wounds. ”可知, 得到FDA的认证才能在人类身上使用, 故选A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
　　阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D四 个选项中选出最佳选项。
(2021·武汉高二检测)
　　Mickey Wilson was on the mountain at the Basin Ski Area. He with his friends Simmons and Mueller had got 　1　 the cable car (索道缆车) when they heard a scream. Their friend Richard was on the cable car ahead of them, but when they reached the top, Richard disappeared. They walked toward the 　2　 and found skiers stood on the slope (坡), 　3　 to the cable car.
　　“Oh, Richard! ”　4　 Wilson.
　　When Richard tried to jump off the cable car, his backpack was 　5　 in the chair. The backpack belt twisted around his neck, making him 　6　. The cable car operator quickly stopped it. Now Richard’s body was swinging four feet above the snow. The friends 　7　 the skis on their feet and ran toward the scene. Their efforts to make a human pyramid to reach Richard were 　8　. With the clock ticking, Wilson ran to the ladder of a nearby lift tower. Scared skiers watched as he 　9　 up. After reaching the top, Wilson’s first 　10　 was to climb onto the steel cable that held the chairs. Then he sat over the cable and used his hands to pull himself to
Richard quickly. Wilson’s greatest fear wasn’t that he’d fall, 　11　 that he wouldn’t reach Richard. “This was 　12　 or death, ” he said. In the process, his jacket was stuck on the movable footrest. The footrest began to slide down with Wilson 　13　. Fortunately he managed to free himself and reached Richard 　14　 that could happen.
　　The patrol (巡查) had gathered below and performed emergency 　15　 on Richard who had been hanging for 5 minutes and then skied him down to an ambulance.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了危难时刻威尔逊奋不顾身救援朋友理查德的故事, 体现了患难见真情。
1. A. in　　　　B. off　　　　C. over　　　　D. around
【解析】选B。根据下文“They walked. . . ”可知, 他们下了缆车。in在……里面; off离开; over在……上面; around绕着, 围绕。get off下车。故选B。
2. A. car B. way C. scream D. chair
【解析】选C。根据上文“when they heard a scream”可知, 他们是朝着尖叫声走过去。car汽车; way方法, 道路; scream尖叫声; chair椅子。故选C。
3. A. getting B. pointing C. returning D. falling
【解析】选B。根据上文“found skiers stood on the slope, ”可知, 当时滑雪的人们都站在斜坡上指向一个缆车。get到达; point指向; return返回; fall落下。 point to指向。故选B。
4. A. yelled B. warned
C. insisted D. repeated
【解析】选A。根据“Oh, Richard! ”可知, 威尔逊大叫道“理查德”。 yell大声喊叫; warn警告; insist坚持说; repeat重复。故选A。
5. A. placed B. left C. caught D. folded
【解析】选C。根据“in the chair”可知, 他的背包卡在了椅子里。place放置; leave离开; catch抓住; fold折叠。be caught in 被困住, 被卡住, 陷入。故选C。
6. A. active B. comfortable
C. sensitive D. breathless
【解析】选D。根据“ The backpack belt twisted around his neck”可知, 背包的带子缠绕在他的脖子上, 使他喘不过气来。active活跃的, 积极的; comfortable舒服的; sensitive敏感的; breathless喘不过气来的。故选D。
7. A. picked up B. kicked off
C. put away D. took up
【解析】选B。根据“and ran toward the scene”可知, 朋友们快速脱下雪橇。pick up捡起, 拾起; kick off踢开, 脱下; put away放好, 收好; take up接受, 占据, 开始, 拿起。故选B。
8. A. on time B. in need C. by accident D. in vain
【解析】选D。根据下文“Wilson ran to the ladder of a nearby lift tower”可知当时这些努力都徒劳无果。on time按时, 准时; in need在危难中, 急需; by accident偶然地; in vain徒劳, 白费力气。故选D。
9. A. ran B. struggled C. walked D. came
【解析】选B。根据上文“Wilson ran to the ladder of a nearby lift tower”可知惊恐的滑雪者看着他挣扎着爬上梯子。run跑; struggle挣扎; walk走路; come到来; struggle up挣扎向上爬。故选B。
10. A. impression 　B. aid C. challenge D. choice
【解析】选C。根据“ to climb onto the steel cable that held the chairs”可知, 威尔逊的第一个挑战是爬上支撑椅子的钢索。impression印象; aid帮助; challenge挑战; choice选择。故选C。
11. A. and B. or C. so D. but
【解析】选D。根据内容可知, 威尔逊最大的恐惧不是他会掉下去, 而是他无法搭救理查德。and并且; or或者; so因此; but但是。短语not. . . but. . . “不是……而是……”。故选D。
12. A. risk B. life C. effort D. chance
【解析】选B。根据“or death”可知, 是生死攸关的事。risk风险; life生命; effort努力; chance机会。故选B。
13. A. attached B. pulled
C. involved D. defeated
【解析】选A。根据上文“In the process, his jacket was stuck on the movable footrest. ”可知, 脚踏板带着威尔逊开始往下滑。attach附着, 系; pull拉, 牵引; involve牵涉, 卷入, 参与; defeat打败。故选A。
14. A. until B. as C. before D. while
【解析】选C。根据“Fortunately”可知, 在危险发生前, 他设法挣脱并到达理查德那里。until直到……为止; as因为, 由于; before在……以前; while在……的过程中。故选C。
15. A. treatment B. experiment
C. operation D. task
【解析】选A。根据“ and then skied him down to an ambulance”可知, 他们对已经悬挂了长达5分钟的理查德进行了紧急救治。treatment治疗, 处理; experiment实验; operation手术; task任务。故选A。(共49张PPT)
Unit 5　 First Aid
Reading and Thinking
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境写出正确的单词
1. first-aid __________ 急救技能
2. its largest ______ 它的最大器官
3. the sun’s ____ 阳光
4. ____________ 触觉
5. nuclear ________ 核辐射
6. the top few __________of the skin 最上面几毫米的皮肤
7. ______household incidents 家庭小事故
8. the top _____of the skin 皮肤的顶层
techniques
organ
rays
sense of touch
radiation
millimetres
minor
layer
9. a ______of the war 战争受害者
10. _______hands 肿胀的手
11. the issue __________ 背后的问题
12. the ______sticking to the burnt skin 粘在烧伤皮肤上的织物
13. a _____clean cloth 一块宽松干净的布
14. an ______need 迫切需要
15. to ____the pain 减轻疼痛
16. _____the burnt area 包扎烧伤部位
victim
swollen
underneath
fabric
loose
urgent
ease
wrap
Ⅱ. 选词填空
1. You can attend __________activities.
2. Some fabric may _______the burnt skin.
3. Your skin ______a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays.
4. If burns are on the face, _________the victim can still breathe.
5. Examples include burns caused by _____________.
suffer from, electric shock, act as, prevent. . . from, depend on, at once, stick to, make sure, a variety of
a variety of
stick to
acts as
make sure
electric shocks
6. It also ________your body _____losing too much water.
7. Some lose their appetites and the others even __________sleep problems.
8. Burns are divided into three types, ____________the depth of skin damage.
9. The victim must go to the hospital _______.
prevents
from
suffer from
depending on
at once
Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
_____________________, 烧伤能够引起严重的伤害。
2. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better.
它们很严重, ___________________。
3. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary.
_____________, 用剪子移除任何衣物。
4. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.
用一块干净宽松的布_____________。
正如你能想象到的那样
得花费几周时间变好
如果必要的话
盖住烧伤部位
5. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent
need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
如果受害者属于二度或三度烧伤, _______________________。
就急需立即送他/她去医院
【构词规律】
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1. -ion常用于动词后构成名词
radiate→radiation 　　　 n. 辐射
infect→________ n. 感染
imagine→___________ n. 想象
associate→__________ n. 关联
infection
imagination
association
2. “动词+from”构成的短语
suffer from　　　　 遭受; 忍受
_____from 向……学习
____from 收到……的来信
____from (从某一时代)开始, 回溯
learn
hear
date
阅读精析·合作学习
　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
First Aid for Burns
2. What is the text type of the passage
___________________
It’s a hospital leaflet.
【寻技巧·提能力】
理解文本类型
　　不同种类的文本可以通过其写作风格和语言特征来识别。通过理解一篇文章的文本类型, 读者可以更好地理解它的目的。也可以更好地理解文本中的信息。
　Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)This text may be taken from a(n) 　　　.
A. blog post　　　　 B. experiment report
C. short story D. hospital leaflet
(2)The largest organ of our body is 　　　.
A. heart　　　B. liver (肝脏)　　　C. skin　　　D. stomach
(3)There are 　　　types of burns.
A. two　　　 B. three　　　 C. four　　　 D. five
(4)In the text, burns are sorted according to the 　　of the skin damage.
A. type B. depth C. area D. function
(5)The purpose of placing burns under cool running water is to 　　　.
A. prevent infection B. break the blisters
C. reduce the pain and swelling D. clean the skin
2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
　　The skin is an essential part of our body, and it acts as a (1)_______ against
disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays. It also gives us a (2)_____ of touch. However, our
skin can sometimes get (3)_____ for some reasons.
Generally speaking, burns, which are caused by hot (4)______, fire, radiation
and so on, can be divided into three (5)_____—first-degree, second-degree and third-
degree burns, depending on the (6)_____ of skin damage.
All burns need first aid. The cool water can (7)____ the burning process, and
reduce the pain and (8)_______. (9)_______ any clothes if necessary. But to severe
burns, get the (10)______ to the doctor at once.
barrier
sense
burnt
liquids
types
depth
stop
swelling
Remove
victim
3. Long sentence analysis.
译文: 它也有助于______________________________, 在外物太热或太凉时发出
警告, 并给你触感。
控制体温, 阻止身体失去太多水分
译文: 在受伤的部分涂抹油膏不是个好主意, _____________________, 并会引发
感染。
因为这会阻碍伤口散热
　Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践
1. How can we give first aid properly when someone gets burnt (Creative Thinking
创造性思维)
___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2. Do you have any other suggestions about first aid (Divergent Thinking 发散性思
维)
____________________________________________________________________
__________________
First, we should know whether he/she is seriously injured or not. Second, give
some basic treatment, such as placing burns under cool running water and
removing any clothes. Third, it would be better to take him/her to see a doctor.
I think we should prepare a first aid kit at home and we should all attend some
classes on first aid.
要点精研·探究学习
1. sense of touch 触觉
*(2021·全国甲卷)Children need a sense of belonging.
孩子们需要一种归属感。
*The sense of touch lasts the longest—as we get older and our vision and hearing begin to weaken, touch still remains.
触觉持续时间最长——随着我们变老我们的视觉和听觉开始衰弱, 触觉仍然存在。
*We all felt a sense of pride for our country’s great achievements.
我们都为我们国家的伟大成就感到自豪。
【词块积累】
sense of direction　　 方向感
sense of humor 幽默感
sense of responsibility 责任感
sense of belonging　 归宿感
sense of pride　　　 自豪感
【即学活用】
用含有sense的词块填空
(1)(2020·江苏高考)You don’t have to be the joke teller in the group in order to show
your _____________.
(2)As soon as I get underground, I lose my _______________and get lost easily.
(3)The social practice can help strengthen our ___________________.
(4)This kind of chemical can damage your ____________when applied to your
hand.
(5)When Chang’e-5 landed on the moon, ______________sprang up. 当嫦娥五号
成功登月时, 一种自豪感油然而生。
sense of humor
sense of direction
sense of responsibility
sense of touch
a sense of pride
2. minor adj. 较小的; 次要的; 轻微的
*(2020 新高考全国Ⅰ卷) You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip. 你不需要为一个小失误道歉。
*Though our school makes it clear that phones are not allowed, a minority of students tend to ignore it. 尽管我们学校明确不允许带手机, 但是少数学生会忽视这项规定。
*There’re some people opposed to the plan, but they are in a/the minority.
有些人反对这个计划, 但他们是少数。
【词块积累】
(1)minority　　　　　 n. 少数, 少部分
a minority of 少数的……
in a/the minority 占少数
(2)major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 主修的
vi. 主修
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The minority who attended the meeting yesterday _____(be) students.
②Only __ minority of British households do not have a car.
(2)Sometimes we don’t agree with each other _____________________.
有时对于一些小事我们会彼此意见不同。
(3)Littering and spitting are also _______________causing environmental
problems.
乱扔垃圾和随地吐痰也是造成环境问题的主要因素。
were
a
over some minor things
the major factors
3. loose adj. 松的; 未系紧的; 宽松的
*Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.
用一块宽松干净的布料覆盖住烧伤部分。
*His clothes seemed too big for him. His shirt collar was loose on his throat. 他的衣服看起来太大了, 衬衣领口松松垮垮的。
*She swung her arms above her head to loosen up.
她将双臂举过头顶来回摆臂, 做准备活动。
【词块积累】
(1)come loose　　 松动; 脱落
let sb. loose 释放某人
(2)loosen vt. 解开或使松; 放宽, 放松
loosen up (肌肉)松弛; 做准备活动; 放松; (情况)缓和
(3)loosely adv. 放松地
【即学活用】
(1)用loose的适当形式填空
①This kind of behavior can ______your connection with your friends.
②The investigation had aimed at a ______organized group of criminals.
(2)A page __________(脱落) and floated onto the tiles.
(3)I think people have ___________(放松) their standards.
loosen
loosely
came loose
loosened up
4. urgent adj. 紧急的; 急迫的; 急切的
*With smog getting increasingly serious, environmental protection has become an urgent issue for human beings.
随着雾霾越来越严重, 环保已经变成人类的一个紧迫问题。
*It is urgent that we (should)take measures to travel in a civilized way.
我们应该采取措施文明出游是当务之急。
*New York officials said they urgently needed masks and respirators.
纽约官员说他们急需口罩和呼吸机。
*I heard the urgency in his voice when he asked if I was all right. 当他问我是否还好时, 我听出了他声音里的急迫。
【词块积累】
(1)urgently　　adv. 急迫地; 紧急地
(2)urgency n. 急迫; 紧急
sense of urgency 紧迫感
as a matter of urgency 作为紧急事件
【名师点津】
　　It is urgent that. . . 从句中用虚拟语气, 即谓语动词使用should +动词原形, should可以省略。
【即学活用】
(1)用urge的正确形式填空
①There is an ______need for food and water.
②The _______of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in medical science.
③Red Cross officials said they ________needed bread and water.
(2) It is ________________________.
这事刻不容缓。
(3)I think what is the most important is that we all should ____________________.
我认为最为重要的是我们都要有紧迫感。
urgent
urgency
urgently
a matter of utmost urgency
have a sense of urgency
5. ease vi. &vt. (使)宽慰; 减轻; 缓解; 使容易; 使顺利n. 容易; 舒适; 自在
*Don’t overwork yourself and take your ease.
不要过度劳累, 休息一会儿。
*I suggest that you listen to some soft music, which helps ease your sense of urgency.
我建议你应该听一些舒缓的音乐, 这有助于缓解你的紧迫感。
*He passed the driving exam with ease.
他轻而易举地通过了驾驶考试。
*Because he was modest and easy to approach, he soon put everyone completely at ease.
他是那样谦虚, 平易近人, 很快使大家放松下来。
【词块积累】
(1)ease sb. of . . . 　　　　　使某人消除/减轻……
(2)with ease 不费力地
at ease 自在; 放松
take one’s ease 休息; 放松
【即学活用】
语法填空
(1)I never feel __ease in his company.
(2)She won the 400-m race ____ease.
(3)She sits down and takes ___(she) ease by the fire.
at
with
her
6. swallow vt. &vi. 吞下; 咽下
*Chemical burns can even affect your internal organs if the chemicals are swallowed.
如果这些化学物质被吞下的话化学物质烧伤甚至会影响你的内脏。
*She took a bite of the apple, chewed and swallowed.
她咬了一口苹果, 嚼了嚼, 咽了下去。
*She was quickly swallowed up in the crowd.
她很快消失在人群里。
【词块积累】
swallow down　　不情愿地吞下; 勉强咽下
swallow up　　吞并; 兼并; 耗尽
swallow one’s words 口齿不清地说; 收回前言
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Most of my salary gets swallowed ___by the rent and bills.
②It is most important to chew your food, whether vegetable or meat, before you
swallow it _____.
(2)If I ever come back I suppose I’ll have to ________________.
要是哪天我回来了, 我想我就得收回前言。
up
down
swallow my words
7. wrap vt. 包、裹; (用手臂等)围住
*For example, wrap the burnt area loosely with a clean cloth if possible.
例如, 如果可能的话, 用干净的布料松散地把烧伤部位包裹起来。
*She wrapped the baby in a blanket.
她把婴儿裹在了一条毯子里面。
*Diana is wrapping up the family presents.
黛安娜正在将家人的礼物包起来。
【词块积累】
wrap sth. in sth. 　　　 将……包在……中;
将……裹在……中
wrap up　　　 把……包起来
be wrapped up in sth. 　 全神贯注于……
【即学活用】(1)语法填空
①It is a kind of food made by rice ________(wrap)in bamboo leaves.
②Remember to wrap it ___, sign your name and write a few words of good wishes.
③We intend to wrap them __a big parcel and post it to your school.
(2)He ___________________his own sufferings that he’d forgotten about me.
他沉浸在自己的痛苦之中, 忘记了我的存在。
wrapped
up
in
was so wrapped up in
8. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
如果患者是二度或三度烧伤, 就急需立即把他/她送到医院。
【句式解构】
　　本句是一个复合句。句中含有一个if引导的条件状语从句; there is a need to do sth. 意为“有必要做某事”。
*There is a need to balance your study and life in order to make your life colorful and meaningful.
你有必要平衡你的学习和生活, 以使你的生活丰富而有意义。
*Actually, there is no need to worry about whether you will win or lose.
事实上, 你没必要担忧是否会成功。
*There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.
毫无疑问我们做得对。
【名师点津】
there is no need(for sb. ) to do sth. (某人)没有必要做某事
there is no doubt that. . . 毫无疑问……
【即学活用】
(1)When we fall ill, ________________go to the hospital because our robots can
examine us.
当我们生病的时候, 没有必要去医院, 因为我们的机器人就可以为我们做检查。
(2) _______________________prevent our earth from being polluted.
急需阻止我们的地球被污染。
(3) ____________________he will leave here tomorrow.
毫无疑问他明天会离开这里。
there is no need to
There is an urgent need to
There is no doubt that
【教师备选】
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
如果有必要的话用剪刀移除任何衣物, 除非你看到织物粘住烧伤的皮肤上。
【句式解构】
　　本句是一个复合句。句中unless引导条件状语从句; if necessary为条件状语从句的省略, 其完整形式为: if it is necessary。
*(2020·天津高考) Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.
你上次去公共图书馆有一段时间了吗 如果是这样的话, 你可能会惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。
*If not, let me know what time suits you best.
如果不的话, 让我知道什么时间最适合你。
*It is always best to choose organically grown foods if possible.
如果可能, 最好还是挑选有机食品。
【名师点津】常用的if省略结构
if any　　　　 如果有的话
if ever　　　 如果曾经有过
if so 　　　　 如果这样的话
if not 　　　 如果不的话
if possible 如果可能的话
【即学活用】
(1) 同义句改写(改为省略形式)
①If it is possible, you should try it once more.
→_________, you should try it once more.
②Wash it in water and pick out the small particles, if there are any.
→Wash it in water and pick out the small particles, _____.
③Some of you may have finished Unit 1. If you have done so, you can go on to Unit 2.
→Some of you may have finished Unit 1. ____, you can go on to Unit 2.
If possible
if any
If so
(2) ___________, you can ask him for help.
如果有必要的话, 你可以向他求助。
If necessary
【拓视野·观天下】
1. Luckily, Coca-Cola stepped up to the challenge and came up with one innovative and rather effective solution. The firm is replacing its plastic wrapping in Europe with a new paper board technology.
幸运的是, 可口可乐公司接受了挑战, 并想出了一个新颖且有效的解决方案。该公司正使用一种新的纸板技术替代其在欧洲使用的塑料包装。
2. A Biden official said the most urgent need was for the transition to be given access to COVID-19 data and the vaccine distribution plans. 拜登的一名官员表示, 最紧迫的需要是让过渡政府获得新冠肺炎数据和疫苗分发计划。
3. Most counties saw only minor changes in their tallies, with the recount vote totals differing by single digits, said a New York Times report. 《纽约时报》的一篇报道称, 大多数县的计票结果只有微小的变化, 重新计票的总数相差个位数。
4. The grill opened in April and the founders started the business to ease their financial burden, according to earlier reports by China Youth Daily.
据《中国青年报》早些时候的报道, 这家烧烤店于(今年)4月开业, 创始人创办这家店是为了减轻他们的经济负担。(共46张PPT)
十三　Unit 5　Reading and Thinking
【语用训练】
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Nowadays many young parents are addicted to their _______(用电的) devices like
smart phones or computers.
2. How many ______(层)of clothing are you wearing
3. We’ve invited some well-known painters to teach us the basic __________(技术)
of drawing.
4. I watched her walk down the road until she was _________(吞没) by the darkness.
5. A weak ___(光线)of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was
absorbed in his reading.
electric
techniques
layers
swallowed
ray
6. Thousands of earthquake _______(受害者)are still waiting to be rehoused.
7. Some people say that human cloning is a good thing because it can solve the
problem of ______(器官) transplants.
8. After the accident his ______(神经)were shot to pieces.
9. It is said that the computer ________(辐射) is doing harm to our health.
10. Fish have no risk of getting caught __________(在……下面) the boat.
victims
organ
nerves
radiation
underneath
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. To treat COVID-19 patients, Americans need a ventilator ________(urgent).
2. I’m very glad that you’ll come to our city. I will act __your guide during your
stay here.
3. Only a small ________(minor) of students is/are interested in politics these days.
4. Make the patient as comfortable as possible, and ______(loose)any tight clothing.
5. Can you depend ___her version of what happened
urgently
as
minority
loosen
on
6. The groom has to give gifts in cash ________(wrap) in red paper to the bride’s
friends.
7. She was taken to hospital suffering _____an irregular heartbeat.
8. There are things you can do before an interview to put you __ease.
9. Nothing would prevent him from ________(speak) out against injustice.
10. Some types of snake poison make the bite area _______(swell) or painful.
wrapped
from
at
speaking
swollen
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. An individual will have a low intelligence _______________________________
________.
一个人的智商将会很低, 除非他有机会学习。
2. Many students may think that they can just use a computer, so ______________
___waste time improving handwriting.
很多学生认为他们可以用电脑, 因此, 没有必要浪费时间提升书写。
3. _________, we prefer to live in host families to experience British culture.
如果可能的话, 我们更喜欢住在寄宿家庭体验英国文化。
unless he has opportunities/chances
to learn
there is no need
to
If possible
4. _________________, this kind of test can have great difficulty.
正如你能想象的到的, 这种测试有巨大难度。
5. ______________we take measures to clean our campus.
紧急的是我们要采取措施清理校园。
As you can imagine
It is urgent that
Ⅳ. 结合课文主题, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80个词左右的短文
1. 在日常生活中, 我们应该保护我们的皮肤, 它是身体最大的器官, 给我们触觉。(sense of touch, organ)
2. 很多事故可能会导致皮肤损伤, 尤其是烧伤。甚至可能会起水疱。(blister)
3. 如果遇到轻度烧伤患者, 我们可以把烧伤部位放在流动的凉水下, 这样可以减缓疼痛。(minor, ease)
4. 烧伤严重者, 要紧急送往医院。(urgent)
　　In our daily life, we should take care of our skin, which is the largest organ and gives us a sense of touch. Many accidents may result in skin damage, especially burning. It even causes blisters. If we meet with someone who gets a minor burn, we can put the burnt area under running cool water, which can ease the pain. People with serious burns should be taken to hospital urgently.
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·福州高二检测)
　　RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people, for young people. Created by St John Ambulance, the nation’s leading first aid charity, the project is now available in communities across the country. If you’re aged between 16 and 25 years old, and are not in employment, education or training, RISE could help you learn new skills, and improve your prospects.
　　What you’ll learn
　　St John Ambulance believes that everyone should have access to first aid, and we are devoted to equipping as many people as possible with the skills to be the difference between life and death. As a participant, you’ll learn first aid through our Stick-it sessions, and also get the opportunity to develop new skills, giving you the confidence to train others in your community, or the qualifications in youth leadership you need to get your career up and running.
　　Choosing the right path for you
　　At the heart of the RISE project is a commitment to peer-to-peer learning. As well as being taught first aid, you’ll be given the skills and guidance to pass your knowledge onto other people in your community. RISE offers you the chance to gain a lot of qualifications and to choose a path that helps you make the most of your talents.
　　Stick-it: Our one-day introduction to first aid focuses on gun and knife related injuries. You’ll find out how to manage an incident and learn some of the most commonly needed first aid skills.
　　First aid: You’ll focus on CPR (心肺复苏术), bleeds and dealing with an emergency situation on this six-hour course.
　　Keeping children safe: A course designed for those who come into contact with children through their work or leisure activities. This short programme works by helping individuals to understand the unusual role they play in keeping children safe from harm.
　　Basic skills in youth work: This course provides an introduction to St John Ambulance and is the minimum qualification for a youth leadership role within the organization.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了RISE组织所设置的关于急救的一些课程、课时、初衷及参与者的条件要求等, 并号召16到25岁的年轻人学习。
1. Which of the following courses deals with a serious finger cut
A. CPR performance.
B. Stick-it.
C. Keeping children safe.
D. Basic skills in youth work.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据“Stick-it”下面的“Our one-day introduction to first aid focuses on gun and knife related injuries. ”可知, 针对严重的手指割伤的课程是“Stick-it”。故选B。
2. The text is mainly about 　　　.
A. advantages of taking the courses
B. tips on how to give first aid
C. steps on how to give first aid
D. an introduction to RISE project
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章内容, 尤其第一段以及下文一些课程的描写可知, 本文介绍了RISE组织所设置的关于急救的一些课程、课时、初衷及参与者的条件要求等, 并号召16到25岁的年轻人学习。所以, 本文是RISE项目的简介。故选D。
3. Where does the text most probably come from
A. A science magazine.
B. A book review.
C. A community website.
D. A business report.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知, 这是一篇RISE项目的简介, 尤其是根据“RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people, for young people. Created by St John Ambulance, the nation’s leading first aid charity, the project is now available in communities across the country. ”可知, 该文章很可能来自社区网页。故选C。
B
(2021·太原高二检测)
　　You may need to give first aid. First aid is defined (定义) as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person. The goals of first aid are to prevent death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse.
　　Each emergency condition is different. However, the following rules apply to any kind of emergency.
　　☆Be aware of your limitations. Do not try to do more than you are able to. Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them. Do what you can under the conditions at the time.
　　☆Stay calm. Acting calmly will help the victim feel safe.
　　☆Take a quick look to see if the victim is bleeding, and if there is a pulse.
　　☆Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her. You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.
　　☆Take necessary emergency steps.
　　☆Call for help or ask someone to make the EMS system (急救系统)start.
　　☆Do not remove clothing unless you have to. If clothing must be removed, tear the clothes along the seams(线缝).
　　☆Keep the victim warm. Cover the victim with a blanket. Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket cannot be found.
　　☆Reassure the victim. Explain what is happening and that help has been called.
　　☆Do not give the victim any food or fruits.
　　☆Keep the bystanders(旁观者) away from the victim. Bystanders want to have a look, offer advice, and say something about the victim’s condition. The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们平时在进行急救时, 如何进行急救和急救的注意事项。
4. When a person is badly injured on the road, you should 　　　.
A. act worriedly and hurriedly
B. do whatever you want to freely
C. not move him or her
D. make the injured person stand up
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四条规则可知, 不要移动受害者, 否则你可能会让伤者伤势恶化, 可以得出路上碰到伤势严重的伤者, 不要动他/她。故选C。
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. You should help an injured person in any condition.
B. Don’t remove the clothing of the injured person whatever happens.
C. It is necessary to cover the victim with a blanket.
D. If the injured person feels hungry, you should give him or her some food.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第八条规则可知, 让伤者保持温暖, 可给伤者盖上一个毛毯, 如果找不到毛毯的话, 就用外套或毛衣, 可以得出有必要给伤者盖毯子。故选C。
6. Why should bystanders be kept away from the victim
A. Because bystanders can prevent the victim from receiving first aid.
B. Because what they say can make the victim think the condition is very bad.
C. Because the victim doesn’t want to accept the advice of bystanders.
D. Because the victim hates being surrounded by bystanders.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一条规则可知, 旁观者提供的意见、所说的关于伤势的话, 会让伤者认为自己的情况比真实状况更糟糕。故选B。
7. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. How to save a person.
B. What to do when an accident happens.
C. How to call for help.
D. How to give first aid.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段的“You may need to give first aid. ”和下文关于紧急情况该做和不该做的规则可知, 本文主要讲怎样正确进行急救。故选D。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
(2021·海口高二检测)
First aid on burns
　　Treating a hurt person quickly is called first aid. First aid does not require expert medical help—anyone can learn first aid. One of the most common injuries is a burn. 　1　 So what should you do if someone suffers a burn
　　First, look at the burn. Is it a small burn Doctors say a small burn is about 23 millimetres across. Then ask the person, “Is your burn very painful ”　2　 If you are dealing with a small painful burn, it is not serious. You can treat it without a doctor with the following steps.
　　　3　 Burns often make the injured body part swell. Close-fitting clothes can cause injuries as the body swells. Also remove any jewellery from fingers and neck and so on.
　　Then treat the burned area with cool running water. Do not use ice. 　4　 This is called“flushing”. After flushing, cover the burn. A clean bandage or cloth is good. 　5　
　　If the burn is more serious, you must take the person to a doctor. But your early help will give the person the best chance to make a good recovery.
A. It’s important to cool the area.
B. Ice is too cold and can damage the skin.
C. Do not use anything that may stick to the burn.
D. Remove the person’s clothes around the burned area.
E. Surprisingly, more serious burns are not very painful.
F. The swelling may make it difficult for the person to breathe.
G. But the right, quick treatment for burns can make a big difference.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。对烧伤的急救方法作者进行了说明。
1. 【解析】选G。根据上文One of the most common injuries is a burn. 以及下文So what should you do if someone suffers a burn 可知, 该空承上启下, 与上文形成转折关系, 指出“急救”的重要作用, 该空又与下文构成因果关系。G选项“但是对烧伤的正确、快速的治疗可以起到很大的作用”切题。
2. 【解析】选E。根据上文Then ask the person, “Is your burn very painful ”可知, 该空承接上文, 说出真相, E选项“令人惊讶的是, 更严重的烧伤并不会很疼”切题, 选项中的painful, 对应上文中的painful。
3. 【解析】选D。根据下文Burns often make the injured body part swell. Close-fitting clothes can cause injuries as the body swells. 可知, 该空是段落主题句。D选项“移除烧伤部位周围的衣服”切题, 且与后文Also remove any jewellery from fingers and neck and so on. 形成前后照应。
4. 【解析】选B。根据上文Do not use ice. 说不要使用冰, 该空承接上文, 对“不要使用冰”的原因进行了说明, B选项“冰太冷, 会损害皮肤”切题。
5. 【解析】选C。根据上文A clean bandage or cloth is good. 可知, 该空对绷带的要求进行了说明, C选项“不要使用任何可能粘在烧伤处的东西”切题。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
　　On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy, 17-year-old friends, were enjoying sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to 　1　 the man.
　　Darcy felt 　2　 he was going to die in front of them. She took a closer look. Then she observed his chest not going up and down, which meant he wasn’t 　3　.
　　The girls knew they needed to 　4　 help. While Darcy stayed with the 　5　 man, Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells, but no one 　6　. “I am really afraid he is going to die without help, ” Darcy said 　7　.
　　Juliet continued to run for help. She finally found some men fixing a car and told them the 　8　. But they didn’t believe what the girl said at first. They asked, “Is what you said a joke ” And she answered, “No, call 911 right now. ”
　　The repairmen got it and then 　9　CPR (心肺复苏术) on the unconscious man until doctors arrived and used a defibrillator (电击器) to restart his 　10　. Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be 　11　 to hospital.
A doctor said, “To their 　12　, the two girls take fast action which is called ‘a chain of survival. ‘ which can save the 　13　 of a patient in a dangerous situation. ” But doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time, so they launched a(n) 　14　 to the public to find them.
　　Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a man’s life on the weekend. “We were brave, ” Darcy said. “We got a bit scared in the beginning, but later we realized 　15　 won’t help the man. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了两个女孩朱丽叶和达茜在公园时看到一个男人突然摔倒在人行道上不省人事, 她俩一个守着病人, 一个四处找人帮忙, 最后这个男人及时得救, 医生说她俩的快速行动在救人方面起到了关键作用。
1. A. recognize　　　　　　　 B. applaud
C. aid D. seize
【解析】选C。根据空前内容可知, 朱丽叶和达茜注意到一个男人摔倒在公园的人行道上, 看到这一幕后, 她们急忙跑过去帮助他。recognize认出; applaud称赞; aid援助、帮助; seize抓住。故选C。
2. A. confused B. terrified
C. pleased D. curious
【解析】选B。根据下文中的“‘I am really afraid he is going to die without help, ‘ Darcy said”可知, 达茜害怕这个男人会死在她们面前。confused困惑的; terrified害怕的; pleased高兴的; curious好奇的。故选B。
3. A. bleeding B. breathing
C. starving D. choking
【解析】选B。 根据空前的“his chest not going up and down”可知, “胸部没有上下起伏”是“没有呼吸”的表现。bleed流血; breathe呼吸; starve挨饿; choke窒息。故选B。
4. A. forbid B. appreciate
C. quit D. seek
【解析】选D。根据空后的“Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells”可知, 朱丽叶跑去找人了, 这说明这两个女孩知道她们需要寻求帮助。forbid禁止; appreciate感激; quit放弃; seek寻求。故选D。
5. A. unconscious B. familiar
C. absent-minded D. ragged
【解析】选A。根据上文中的“Then she observed his chest not going up and down, which meant he wasn’t　　　. ”可知这个男人没有了呼吸, 以及下文CPR on the unconscious man可知, 当时应该是处于无意识的状态。unconscious无意识的; familiar熟悉的; absent-minded心不在焉的; ragged衣衫褴褛的。故选A。
6. A. enquired B. remembered
C. answered D. succeeded
【解析】选C。根据空前内容可知, 朱丽叶跑到附近人家按门铃。转折连词but表明没有人开门(应答)。enquire询问; remember记得; answer回答; succeed成功。故选C。
7. A. anxiously B. occasionally
C. eagerly D. merrily
【解析】选A。根据空前的“I am really afraid he is going to die without help, ”可知, 达茜担心这个男人的安危, 因此她说这句话的时候应该是十分焦急的。anxiously焦急地; occasionally偶尔; eagerly渴望地; merrily高兴地。故选A。
8. A. consequence B. emergency
C. concept D. mystery
【解析】选B。根据上文的内容可知, 朱丽叶是去找人救那个摔倒的男人的, 因此找到人后她把当时的紧急情况(那个人摔倒了, 不省人事)告诉了他们。consequence后果; emergency紧急情况; concept观念; mystery谜。故选B。
9. A. searched for B. put off
C. carried out D. broke down
【解析】选C。根据空后的“CPR on the unconscious man”可知, 修车工对这个不省人事的男人进行了心肺复苏。search for寻找; put off推迟; carry out执行、实施; break down分解。故选C。
10. A. hands B. stomach
C. feet D. heart
【解析】选D。根据空前内容可知, 修车工对这个不省人事的男人进行了心肺复苏, 由此可知这个男人心脏出了问题, 因此医生赶到后用电击器重新复苏他的心脏。hands手; stomach胃; feet脚; heart心脏。故选D。
11. A. rushed B. admitted
C. persuaded D. guided
【解析】选A。根据空前的“the man was in critical condition”可知, 这个男人情况危急, 应该被立即送往医院。rush紧急前往/送往; admit承认; persuade说服; guide引导。故选A。
12. A. disappointment B. credit
C. annoyance D. horror
【解析】选B。根据上文的讲述可知, 朱丽叶和达茜发现那个人摔倒后立即找人帮忙, 她们的快速行动在救人方面起到了关键作用, 得到了医生的肯定, to one’s credit表示“值得赞扬”。 disappointment失望; credit声望、赞扬; annoyance烦恼; horror惊骇。故选B。
13. A. reputation B. prospect
C. life D. honor
【解析】选C。根据空后的“of a patient in a dangerous situation. ”可知, 这种被称为’生存链’的快速行动在危急情况下可以挽救病人的生命。reputation名声; prospect预期; life生命; honor荣誉。故选C。
14. A. appeal B. comment
C. attempt D. apology
【解析】选A。根据空后的“to the public to find them”可知, 医生呼吁公众寻找那两个女孩。appeal呼吁; comment评论; attempt企图; apology道歉。故选A。
15. A. prejudice B. regret
C. offence D. panic
【解析】选D。根据空前的“a bit scared”可知, 达茜说一开始她们有点害怕, 但后来她们意识到恐慌帮不了那个男人。prejudice偏见; regret后悔; offence犯罪; panic惊慌。故选D。(共84张PPT)
Unit 5　 First Aid
Using Language
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. ____on the ice　　　　在冰上打滑
2. an ______man living alone 一位独居老人
3. fall onto the ______ 掉到地毯上
4. send for an __________ 叫一辆救护车来
5. without _____ 毫不拖延; 立刻
6. in a state of _____ 处在惊恐状态
7. sorry to ________ 对不起打扰一下
8. _______at me 冲着我喊
slip
elderly
carpet
ambulance
delay
panic
interrupt
scream
9. ______to death 窒息而死
10. a _________man 一个绝望的人
11. the sufficient ________experience 丰富的实践经验
12. ______paying such huge salaries 证明支付这么高的薪水是正当的
13. a social _______programme 一项社会福利计划
14. _______on the sofa 倒在沙发上
15. on _____days 多雾天气
16. get a gym ___________ 获得健身房会员资格
choke
desperate
practical
justify
welfare
collapse
foggy
membership
Ⅱ. 选择恰当的短语填空
1. Suddenly she could _________feel the right side of her body.
2. With the help of Tom’s friends, he was able to _________________.
3. Slapping the victim’s back will often ________the obstruction.
4. A blow of wind knocked him off balance and he fell _________in the mud.
help. . . to one’s feet, face down, no longer, have trouble, sleep in, be concerned about , out of shape, keep fit, force out , stand by
no longer
help Tom to his feet
force out
face down
5. You can’t just ________and do nothing.
6. The Red Cross is looking for volunteers who __________________the welfare of
their fellow men.
7. These trousers are too loose—I’m _____________keeping them up.
8. John’s alarm didn’t go off, so he _______.
9. I weighed 245 pounds and was ___________.
10. Doing exercise regularly can help us _______.
stand by
are concerned about
having trouble
slept in
out of shape
keep fit
翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when
he heard someone screaming from another table.
译文: ______________________________________________________
2. They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.
译文: ______________________________________
3. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school.
译文: ______________________________________
4. How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing
译文: __________________________________
当听到旁边桌有人喊叫时, 北京的高中生陈伟的晚餐被打断。
他们在离开之前建议他吃得慢些, 小口吃。
幸运的是, 陈在学校学会了如何进行急救。
我有什么理由坐在那儿什么都不做呢
阅读精析·合作学习
　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
　Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)What would be the best title for the passage
A. The history of the Heimlich manoeuvre.
B. How to give first aid.
C. An experience of giving first aid.
D. A young middle school student.
(2)What was Chen doing when Zhang Tao was choking
A. He was cooking.
B. He was having dinner at the restaurant.
C. He was serving the customers.
D. He was on his way home.
(3)Henry Heimlich created the Heimlich manoeuvre to 　　　.
A. help those who have a sore throat B. help those who are bleeding
C. save those who are choking D. help those who get injured
(4)Which is the right order of doing the Heimlich manoeuvre
①Grab your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion.
②Stand behind the victim and wrap your arms around his waist.
③Make sure that the victim is really choking.
④Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach.
A. ②①③④　　　　　　　 B. ③①②④
C. ③④①② D. ③②④①
(5)What kind of person is Chen Wei
A. Careful. B. Diligent.
C. Responsible. D. Friendly.
Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
　　Chen Wei was having dinner (1)_______he heard someone screaming. Then he
noticed that a man (2) ___________(choke). He ran to help him to his (3)____(foot),
and did the Heimlich manoeuvre, which (4) ___________(create) by Henry Heimlich.
(5)______ you do the Heimlich manoeuvre, you should make sure that the victim is
really choking. You should stand (6)______ the victim and wrap your arms around
his waist, make a fist with one hand and place (7)__ in the upper part of his stomach,
and grab your fist with your other hand (8)______(tight), push up and into his
stomach in one motion. Chen (9) _________(learn) this before in school, and thought
we all had a (10)____________(responsible) to look after one another’s welfare.
when
was choking
feet
was created
Before
behind
it
tightly
had learnt
responsibility
2. Long sentence analysis.
译文: _________________, 美国医生亨利·海姆利希于1974年发明了“海姆利希急
救法”, ___________________________。
为了解决这个问题
挽救了世界上成千上万个生命
译文: 窒息患者通常_________________只有四分钟时间, 这导致没有时间等待
_____________。
在昏倒和死亡之前
救护车的到来
　Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践
(1)What can you learn from the story (Critical Thinking 批判性思维)
____________________________________________________________________
(2)If you have a chance to learn how to give first aid, will you grasp it Why
(Creative Thinking 创造性思维)
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
Chen Wei is a responsible student, and the knowledge of first aid is important.
Yes, I will grasp this chance to learn some basic knowledge about first aid,
because it can save somebody’s life.
要点精研·探究学习
1. slip vi. 滑倒; 滑落; 溜走 n. 滑倒; 小错误; 纸条
*As I was walking on the path, I saw a boy suddenly slip on the snow-covered ground. 我在路上走着的时候, 我看到一个男孩突然滑倒在被大雪覆盖的地上。
*During these waits, the brain slips away from the body.
在这些等待期间, (我们经常)会心不在焉。
*I feel sorry to know your grades have been slipping down because of your pride and laziness.
得知你因为骄傲和懒惰导致成绩下滑, 我很抱歉。
【词块积累】
(1)a slip of the tongue　　口误; 失言
slip away 消失; 悄悄溜走
slip by (时间等)快速流逝, 溜走
slip down (成绩等)下滑
slip in　　 悄悄溜入, 混入
slip out　　 溜出; 掉落; 无意中说出
(2)slippery adj. 滑的; 狡猾的; 不稳定的
【小词汇·大文化】
Between the cup and the lip a morsel may slip.
功亏一篑。(喻指: 在成功之际出现纰漏, 结果以前的功夫白费了)
【易混辨析】slide与slip, 如何“滑动”
(1)slide主要表示某物在另一物表面的滑动, 可能是有意的, 也可能是无意的;
(2)slip多指无意的、急速的、短距离的滑动, 常有因不小心或失去平衡等造成之意。常指由于不小心、路滑等而滑倒。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①The clay court was _______ (slip)and he was unable to move freely.
②The days slipped ___quickly as I finished the last several weeks of my summer job.
③I guess it must have slipped ___of my pocket during the flight.
(2)选词填空(slide, slip)
①My knife _______and cut my hand.
②He _______and broke his leg.
③The book ____off the desk.
slippery
by
out
slipped
slipped
slid
2. delay vi. &vt. 推迟; 延期(做某事) vt. 耽搁; 耽误 n. 延误; 耽搁(的时间); 推迟
*(2021·浙江高考)If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers.
如果杂货店中有三列队伍, 延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。
*Mr Green slipped on the way and got injured, therefore the meeting was delayed.
格林先生在路上滑倒受伤了, 因此, 会议推迟了。
*(2020 浙江高考) I did as told without delay. Letting out loud noises, the bear ran away.
我毫不延迟地照吩咐做了。熊发出很大的声响, 跑开了。
【词块积累】
delay doing sth. 　　 耽误做某事; 延缓做某事
without delay 毫不拖延; 立即
【小词汇·大文化】
Never delay doing something you should finish today.
今日事今日毕。(喻指: 做事情不耽误、不拖延)
【即学活用】
(1) 语法填空
①He delayed ______(tell) her the news, waiting for the right moment.
②All these measures must be carried through _______delay.
(2)There was _______________on flights yesterday.
昨天的航班延误了一个小时。
telling
without
a one-hour delay
3. panic vi. &vt. (使)惊慌　n. 惊恐; 恐慌
*If you are type A, there is no need to panic. It does not mean you will be infected 100 percent. 如果你是A型血, 没有必要恐慌。这不意味着你会百分之百感染。
*She’s in a panic about her final exams, because her grade has been slipping down these days.
由于这些天她的成绩一直在下滑, 她为期末考试恐慌。
*It’s natural that people will get into a panic when faced with unknown things.
面对未知事物人们会恐慌, 这是自然的。
【词块积累】
in a panic　　　　 在恐慌中
get into a panic　　　　 陷入恐慌
panic about/over sth. 　　　 对某事物感到恐慌
panic sb. into doing sth. 使仓惶行事; 使仓促行动
【名师点津】
panic是一个不规则动词, 它的过去式和过去分词均为panicked, 现在分词为panicking。
*The gunfire panicked the little child. 枪炮声让小孩感到恐慌。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I’m __a panic about getting everything done in time.
②Shoppers ____________(panic) into buying things they don’t need.
③The animals panicked ____the forest fire.
(2)句型转换
The audience were thrown into a panic when the fire started.
→The audience ______________when the fire started.
in
are panicked
over
got into a panic
4. desperate adj. 绝望的; 孤注一掷的; 非常需要的
*Stuck in my house, I feel really desperate, but seeing delivery riders outside my window gives me some hope. 被困在家里, 我感觉真的很绝望, 但从窗外看到了外卖骑手, 让我燃起了一丝希望。
*If their kids are desperate for the support from them, they ought to be the devoted parents. 如果孩子们急需父母的支持, 那么父母就应该全身心投入支持孩子。
*(2020·浙江高考)I ran desperately but failed to catch up.
我拼命地跑, 但没能追上。
【词块积累】
be desperate for sth. 　　 极想得到某物; 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
desperately 　　 adv. 拼命地; 绝望地; 极严重地; 孤注一掷地
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he is desperate ___fame.
②After ten years of hard study, he is desperate ______(pass) the college entrance
examination.
③He __________(desperate) saw her disappear into the crowd.
(2)You really can’t predict how people will act when __________________
_________.
你真的无法预测当处于绝望境地的时候人们会做出什么举动。
for
to pass
desperately
they are in desperate
situations
5. help sb. to one’s feet　帮助某人站起身来
*He offered to help the old man to his feet and accompanied him to the safe area.
他主动帮助老人站起来, 并陪他到达安全地带。
*You need someone to take the pressure off and help you get back on your feet. 你需要有人为你分担压力, 帮你恢复元气。
*I suppose that you haven’t found your feet in your class yet.
我认为你还没有适应班级环境。
*Refusing to give up, he rose to his feet and continued to run as fast as possible.
拒绝放弃, 他站起来, 继续尽可能快地跑下去。
【词块积累】
be on one’s feet　　 站起来; 起立
get back on one’s feet (经历困境后)恢复; (病后)复原
find one’s feet 适应环境; 站稳脚跟; 立足
rise/get to one’s feet 起立; 站起来
【即学活用】
(1)Once he ________________he was able to deal with any problem. 他一旦适应了
环境, 就能处理任何问题了。
(2)The delegates cheered and ______________.
代表们欢呼着站起身来。
(3)You should first ______________________.
你应该首先帮助患者站起来。
had found his feet
rose to their feet
help the victim to his feet
6. face up/down 面朝上(朝下)
*Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body.
相反地, 让孩子面朝下趴在你的膝盖上, 并让头部保持低于身体的其他部位。
*French authorities warned that anyone caught jogging or exercising in public will be faced with fines between $135 and $375. 法国当局警告, 任何在公共场所慢跑或锻炼的人将面临135美元至375美元的罚款。
*(2020·浙江高考) When I’m face to face with a polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. 当我和北极熊面对面的时候, 我喜欢用一个有长焦镜头的相机。
【词块积累】
I can’t face it　　　 我不能接受; 我不愿这么做
face up to sth. 　　 敢于接受; 勇敢面对; 敢于正视
face to face 面对面地
face sth. =be faced with sth. 面对某事
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①(2019 北京高考)Nervously ______(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to
myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
②______(face)with some tough problems, you might consider asking your teachers
for help.
(2)It’s about time you __________your responsibilities bravely as a parent.
现在是你勇敢地担负起为人父母之责的时候了。
(3)My children want me with them for Christmas Day, but ____________.
我的孩子们想要我跟他们一起过圣诞节, 但我办不到。
facing
Faced
faced up to
I can’t face it
【要点拾遗】
1. interrupt vi. &vt. 打断; 打扰 vt. 使暂停; 使中断
*When someone is talking to you, don’t interrupt him.
当有人和你谈话的时候, 不要打断他。
*She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption. 她坚持锻炼, 多年来从未间断。
【词块积累】
interruption　　　 n. 中断; 阻断物
without interruption 不间断地
interruptive adj. 阻碍的; 打扰的
【易混辨析】
interrupt 指的是打断别人的交谈, 或者是正在进行的事情
disturb 指的是别人在专心做某件事情或者是在休息的时候, 去打扰对方
bother 指的是麻烦、拜托别人去做某件对方可能不乐意做的事情
【即学活用】
(1)用interrupt的正确形式填空
①Let’s go somewhere we can talk without ___________.
②It is bad manners to ________others while they are having a conversation.
③I am not accustomed to ________________when studying or working, so please
remember this and don’t do it again.
④Because the children keep ___________her whenever she reads a book, she is
always losing her place.
interruption
interrupt
being interrupted
interrupting
(2)选词填空(interrupt, disturb, bother)
①You’d better not ________him. He is sleeping.
②The noise of the machine _________my sleep last night.
③I can’t ______him with my little affairs.
interrupt
disturbed
bother
2. sleep in 迟起; 睡过头; 睡懒觉
*If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.
如果你周五晚上很疲倦, 周六睡懒觉听起来不错。
*Therefore, remember to go to sleep early and get up early.
因此, 要牢记早睡早起。
【词块积累】
(1)go to sleep　入睡; 睡着
(2)asleep adj. 睡着的
fall asleep 睡着; 入睡
(3)sleepy adj. 欲睡的; 困倦的
【即学活用】
(1)用sleep的适当形式填空
①She was still tired and ______when he woke her.
②He was so exhausted that he fell ______at his desk.
③He was so tired that he went to _____over his study.
(2)I love to _______on Sundays! It helps me catch up on my sleep.
我很喜欢在星期天睡懒觉! 它帮我补觉。
sleepy
asleep
sleep
sleep in
3. practical adj. 切实可行的; 实际的; 实践的
*(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar base are practical.
有关月球成分的数据, 比如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏, 可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否切实可行。
*They have legal rights, but in practice these rights are not always respected.
他们虽有合法的权利, 但实际上这些权利常未受到尊重。
*Don’t ask me to speak French! I’m out of practice.
可别让我讲法语! 我已经生疏了。
*If we learn to drive cars in the holidays, we can practise driving every day.
如果我们在假期学车, 我们就可以每天练习驾驶。
【词块积累】
(1)practice　　　　　 n. 实践练习; 习惯, 常规
in practice　　 在实践中; 实际上
out of practice　　 生疏, 久不练习
(2)practise vt. &vi. 练习; 实践
practise doing sth. 练习做某事
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①At the same time, I spared some time every day to practise ________(listen)skills.
②Our system is the most ________(practice)way of preventing pollution.
(2)He lost the competition because he was _____________for months.
他比赛失利, 因为他已经疏于练习好几个月了。
(3)They _______________________for healthy eating.
他们提供有关健康饮食的实用建议。
listening
practical
out of practice
offer practical suggestions
4. out of shape 健康状况不好
*Nancy Jones felt that she was getting out of shape and decided that she needed to get some exercise.
南希·琼斯感到自己身体状况不好, 决定进行身体锻炼。
*(2020 天津高考)For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake in the shape of a monkey.
为了我的五岁生日, 我妈妈给我做了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。
*(2018·浙江高考)By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.
通过选择保持住宅外观的良好状况, 你可以提升整个地区的风貌和感觉。
【词块积累】
in the shape of　　　　 以……的形式; 呈……的形状
in good shape/in shape 情况良好; 身体健康
in bad/poor shape　　 情况不好; 身体不健康
stay in shape　　 保持体形
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①Tim is __good shape physically even though he doesn’t get much exercise.
②We came into a room in ___shape of a star.
(2)Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to
____________.
汤姆早上总是慢跑, 为了保持身材, 他还经常做俯卧撑。
(3)The old man felt _________________and that he should get some medical
treatment.
这个老人感到身体状况不好, 他应该接受医疗救治。
in
the
stay in shape
he was out of shape
5. Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
当听到旁边桌有人喊叫时, 北京的高中生陈伟的晚餐被打断。
【句式解构】
　　本句是一个复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句, 句中含有一个have sth. done结构。
　　have sth. done结构中过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示被动的含义, 此结构有时也可以用get sth. done来替换; 其常用三种含义如下:
(1)表示“让某人做某事”;
(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸; 受到打击”;
(3)表示“做完某事(主语可能参与其中)”。
*Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to the palace outside St Petersburg.
后来, 凯瑟琳二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡以外的宫殿。
*Tom had his pocket picked in the supermarket.
在超市里汤姆的口袋被小偷光顾了。
*I want to have my daughter educated in England.
我想让我女儿在英国接受教育。
【名师点津】
“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构通常有以下几种形式:
(1)have sb. do sth. 表示叫(请、使、让)某人做某事。
(2)have sb. doing sth. 表示使(让)某人一直做某事。用于否定句时, have表示“容忍、容许”之意。
(3)have sth. done 表示请(让)别人做某事或表示经历或遭遇某情况。
(4)have sth. to do有某事要做。其中不定式作定语。
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空
①I can’t have you ________(speak) to your mom in a rude manner.
②I can’t go to see the movie with you because I have a lot of homework _______
(finish).
③Tim remembers to have some flowers ____(send) to his mom on her birthday.
(2)Unfortunately, he __________________on the street.
不幸的是, 他的钱包在街上被偷了。
speaking
to finish
sent
had his wallet stolen
写一个关于实施急救的故事
【文体感知】
　　实施急救的故事属于叙事性文体。文章应该按照时间顺序写, 内容安排条理清晰。写作内容应该集中在实施急救的过程描述以及急救的最终结果上。
读写结合 表达升级
【典题演练】
　　假设你和你班同学李华从锅炉房打完开水, 在回寝室的路上, 李华的热水瓶突然破裂, 开水烫伤了李华的脚。你对此进行了必要的急救。请用英语写一篇80词左右的文章, 向学校英文报投稿讲述这件事, 内容包括:
　　1. 事情发生的经过;
　　2. 你是如何实施急救的(冷水冲洗、送医院做进一步处理等);
　　3. 对掌握一定急救知识重要性的认识。
参考词汇: 锅炉房boiler house　热水瓶thermos bottle
【谋篇布局】
【遣词造句】
·完成句子
1. 我和李华从锅炉房取热水后正在往回走。
Li Hua and I _______________________________________________________
_____.
2. 突然一声爆炸把我吓了一跳。
Suddenly a sound of explosion _________.
were on our way back from boiler house after fetching some hot
water
scared me
3. 我尽力保持镇定, 与此同时, 疯狂地搜寻着我从急救课上学到的知识。
I ___________________, and at the same time, I crazily searched for __________
_________________________.
4. 那时我意识到关于急救的基本知识能够产生多么大的影响。
I then was aware _________________________________________can make.
managed to stay calm
what I had
learnt from my first-aid class
what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid
·句式升级
5. 用when引导的时间状语从句合并句1和句2。
___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
6. 用现在分词短语作伴随状语改写句3。
___________________________________________________________________
________
7. 用倒装句改写句4。
_____________________________________________________________________
Li Hua and I were on our way back from boiler house after fetching some hot
water when suddenly a sound of explosion scared me.
I managed to stay calm, crazily searching for what I had learnt from my first-
aid class.
Only then was I aware what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid can make.
【完美成篇】
Accidents happened. That day, Li Hua and I were on our way back from boiler house after fetching some hot water when suddenly a sound of explosion scared me. Li Hua’s thermos bottle burst and the spilt boiling water caused severe injuries to his feet. The burn was so severe that the skin was red and swollen.
I could tell Li Hua was in extreme pain. I managed to stay calm, crazily searching for what I had learnt from my first-aid class. Immediately, I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the cold running water until the pain lessened. Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment. I was finally relieved.
Only then was I aware what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid can make, especially in such a case.
【话题拓展】
1. 话题词汇
(1)emergency
紧急情况
(2)wound
伤口
(3)bleed
流血
(4)bandage
绷带
(5)ambulance
救护车
(6)stay calm
保持冷静
(7)deal with
处理
(8)fall ill or get injured
生病或受伤
(9)make a big difference
产生巨大影响
(10)perform first aid on sb.
对某人进行急救
(11)be of great benefit
非常有益
2. 话题句式
过程说明常用表达
(1)When you see someone get injured, what should you do
当你看到某人受伤的时候, 你应该做什么
(2)Be careful not to move the victim violently.
要当心, 不要剧烈移动患者。
(3)If victim is facing severe condition, it is vital to give him first aid at once.
如果患者状况严重, 立刻对他进行急救是最为重要的。
(4)At the same time, you must/should call for help.
与此同时, 你必须/应该打电话求助。
(5)Before the ambulance came, the lady performed first aid on the kid.
救护车来之前, 这位女士对这个孩子实施急救。
(6)The story is a good example in which first aid makes a big difference.
这个故事证明急救的影响非常大。
Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
请求帮助, 描述情况:
1. I am calling for help.
我打电话求助。
2. He got a heart attack, and he has difficulty breathing now.
他心脏病发作, 并且现在呼吸困难。
3. His left foot is badly cut and is bleeding now.
他的左脚严重割伤, 正在流血。
主题活动 话题实践
4. He gets a sprained ankle, and his foot is swollen.
他脚踝扭伤, 脚部肿胀。
5. Her hand got burned, and there are some blisters.
她的手烧伤, 有一些水疱。
急救措施:
6. Press down, twice a second.
按压, 一秒钟两次。
7. Check to see if there is food in his mouth.
检查他嘴里是否有食物。
8. Lay the victim on his back.
让患者平躺着。
9. Perform mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing.
进行人工呼吸。
10. Perform CPR.
做心肺复苏。
11. Push down on the center of his chest.
按压他的胸部正中位置。
Ⅱ. 话题情景交流
　　一位老人心脏病复发, 李华拨打120求助, 并在接线员的提示下先行实施急
救。
Li Hua: This is Li Hua. 1. __________________(我打电话求助).
Operator: What’s wrong
Li Hua: An old man got a heart attack, and 2. _______________________(他呼吸
困难)now.
Operator: Keep calm and give him first aid. I will give you some instructions.
Li Hua: OK, I will have a try.
I am calling for help
he has difficulty breathing
Operator: First, you should 3. ___________________________________(检查他嘴
里是否有食物).
Li Hua: Nothing. Next
Operator: 4. _______________________(让患者平躺着), and then perform CPR.
Now 5. _______________________________(按压他的胸部正中位置). Press
down, twice a second.
. . .
check to see if there is food in his mouth
Lay the victim on his back
push down on the center of his chest
Childhood(excerpt)
Happy, happy, never-returning time of childhood! How can we help loving and dwelling upon its recollections They cheer and elevate the soul, and become to one a source of higher joys.
Sometimes, when dreaming of bygone days, I fancy that, tired out with running about, I have sat down, as of old, in my high arm-chair by the tea-table. It is late, and I have long since drunk my cup of milk. My eyes are heavy with sleep as I sit there and listen. How could I not listen, seeing that Mamma is speaking to somebody, and that the sound of her voice is so melodious and kind How much its
名著悦读 素养培优
echoes recall to my heart! With my eyes veiled with drowsiness I gaze at her wistfully. Suddenly she seems to grow smaller and smaller, and her face vanishes to a point; yet I can still see it—can still see her as she looks at me and smiles. Somehow it pleases me to see her grown so small. I blink and blink, yet she looks no larger than a boy reflected in the pupil of an eye. Then I rouse myself, and the picture fades. Once more I half-close my eyes, and cast about to try and recall the dream, but it has gone.
I rise to my feet, only to fall back comfortably into the arm-chair.
“There! You are failing asleep again, little Nicolas, ” says Mamma. “You had better go to by-by. ”
“No, I won’t go to sleep, Mamma, ” I reply, though almost inaudibly, for pleasant dreams are filling all my soul. The sound sleep of childhood is weighing my eyelids down, and for a few moments I sink into slumber and oblivion until awakened by some one. I feel in my sleep as though a soft hand were caressing me. I know it by the touch, and, though still dreaming, I seize hold of it and press it to my lips. Every one else has gone to bed, and only one candle remains burning in the
drawing-room. Mamma has said that she herself will wake me. She sits down on the arm of the chair in which I am asleep, with her soft hand stroking my hair, and I hear her beloved, well-known voice say in my ear:
“Get up, my darling. It is time to go by-by. ”
No envious gaze sees her now. She is not afraid to shed upon me the whole of her tenderness and love. I do not wake up, yet I kiss and kiss her hand.
“Get up, then, my angel. ”
She passes her other arm round my neck, and her fingers tickle me as they move across it. The room is quiet and in half-darkness, but the tickling has touched my nerves and I begin to awake. Mamma is sitting near me—that I can tell—and touching me; I can hear her voice and feel her presence. This at last rouses me to spring up, to throw my arms around her neck, to hide my head in her bosom, and to say with a sigh:
“Ah, dear, darling Mamma, how much I love you! ”
She smiles her sad, enchanting smile, takes my head between her two hands, kisses me on the forehead, and lifts me on to her lap.
“Do you love me so much, then ” she says. Then, after a few moments’ silence, she continues: “And you must love me always, and never forget me. If your Mamma should no longer be here, will you promise never to forget her—never, Nicolas ” And she kisses me more fondly than ever.
“Oh, but you must not speak so, darling Mamma, my own darling Mamma! ” I exclaim as I clasp her knees, and tears of joy and love fall from my eyes.
列夫·托尔斯泰的处女作《童年》(1852)通过对小主人公伊尔倩耶夫的单纯而又富有诗意的内心世界的细致入微的描摹, 出色地表现了一个出身贵族家庭的、聪颖、敏感、感情热烈并爱作自我分析的儿童的精神成长过程。
【词海拾贝】
1. dwell 　　 v. 想着某事
2. melodious adj. 悦耳的; 优美动听的
3. wistfully adv. 望眼欲穿地; 渴望地
4. oblivion n. 无意识状态; 沉睡; 昏迷
5. enchant v. 使着迷; 使陶醉
【素养笔记】
1. (语言能力)What does the underlined phrase mean
___________________________
2. (思维品质)What can we know about “my” childhood
__________________________________________________
3. (思维品质)What can we infer from the hero’s recalling
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_______________
Mom asked “I” to go to sleep.
“My” childhood was happy and full of my mother’s love.
The hero in this part of the novel recalled his happy childhood when his mom
loved him so much, from which we can infer that his life as an adult may be
not satisfactory.
4. (文化意识)What’s your opinion about mother’s love
________________________________________________________________
读后感悟:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
We human beings as a whole think that mother’s love is the greatest love.
译文:
《童年》(节选)
幸福的, 幸福的, 一去不返的童年时代啊! 怎能不爱惜, 不珍重对童年的回忆
呢 这些回忆使我精神舒爽, 心情振奋, 是我的无上乐趣的源泉。
有时回忆起逝去的日子, 我就会想起这样的情景: 跑够了, 我依旧就坐在茶
桌旁那把高背的安乐椅里; 时候不早了, 我早就喝完了我那杯牛奶, 睡意朦胧地
闭上眼睛, 但是一动也不动地坐着聆听。我怎么能不听呢 妈妈在同什么人谈
话, 她的声音是那么悦耳, 那么动人。那声音不停地在我的心灵深处荡漾, 让我
想起那段美妙的时光! 我用朦胧的睡眼渴望地凝视着她的脸, 它突然变得越来越
小, 她的脸只有圆点那么大, 依然可以看到它——我看见, 她望了我一眼, 微微一
笑。我喜欢看见她只有这么一点点大。我眨了眨眼, 她变得还没有瞳仁里的小
人那么大; 然后, 我惊醒了, 这种魔力就破灭了。我眯起眼睛, 扭过身去, 拼命想
使这种现象重现, 但是徒劳无益。
我站起来, 舒适地躺到安乐椅里。
“你又要睡着了, 小尼古拉斯 , ”妈妈对我说, “你最好上楼睡觉去。”
“我不想睡, 妈妈, ”我回答, 声音小得几乎都听不见, 因为那个甜美的幻想充
满我的脑际。小孩子天生入睡快, 我很快闭上了双眼, 转瞬就进入梦乡, 一直睡
到我被唤醒为止。朦胧中我常常感到什么人温柔的手抚摸我; 单凭这种抚摸, 我
就知道是她, 还在梦中我就不由自主地拉住那只手, 把它紧紧地, 紧紧地按在嘴
唇上。所有的人都已经散去; 客厅里只点着一根蜡烛; 妈妈说, 她要亲自唤醒我;
是她坐在我睡的那张椅子的扶手上, 用那温柔得惊人的手抚摸着我的头发, 用我
听惯了的、可爱的声音在我耳边说:
“起来, 我的宝贝, 该去睡了。”
没有任何人的嫉妒的眼光会使她拘束。她不怕把她的全部温柔和慈爱倾注
到我身上。我合着眼, 但是我又吻了吻她的手。
“起来, 我的天使。”
她用另外一只手托住我的脖子, 她的手指迅速地动着, 使我发痒。房间里一
片寂静, 半明半暗; 搔痒使我清醒, 使我的神经兴奋; 妈妈坐在我身边; 她爱抚着
我; 我能听到她的声音, 感觉到她的存在。这一切使我跳起来, 双手搂住她的脖
颈, 把头依偎在她怀里, 叹息了一声道:
“噢, 亲爱的, 亲爱的妈妈, 我多么爱你呀! ”
她忧愁而迷人地微微一笑, 双手抱住我的头, 吻我的前额, 让我坐在她的膝头上。
“这么说你非常爱我 ”她说, 沉默了片刻, 她随后说: “你要永远爱我, 决不要忘记我。如果妈妈不在了, 你不会忘掉她吧 尼古拉斯, 你不会忘记吧 ”她更加温柔地吻我。
“得了, 别说这种话, 我亲爱的妈妈, 我最亲爱的妈妈! ”我紧紧抓住她的双膝, 大声说道。我泪如泉涌, 这是爱和狂喜的眼泪。(共39张PPT)
十五　Unit 5　Using Language
【语用训练】
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. They decided to locate a new school in the _______(郊区).
2. Scientists now can observe the _______(运动) of stars far away.
3. The country has also been granted ___________(会员资格) of the World Trade
Organization.
4. Besides, _____(抓住) every opportunity to practise using the language.
5. He dialled the ________(电话接线员) and put in a call for Rome.
6. We are concerned about the child’s _______(福利).
suburbs
motion
membership
grab
operator
welfare
7. I ran out of the tent immediately. The tent ________(倒塌) with Steve inside.
8. Some students in the front were _________(喊叫), and William looked up to see
what was happening.
9. The match took nearly three hours and was __________(打断) at times by rain.
10. You will be able to learn from the teacher and practise with your ______(同伴的)
students.
collapsed
screaming
interrupted
fellow
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. His grade has been slipping _____because of being addicted to playing games.
2. The lecture is believed to be meaningful and ________(practice).
3. Students doing homework hate the constant ___________(interrupt) caused by the
noisy music.
4. He was sure somebody would find he was missing or hear him _________(scream)
for help.
5. It is a bad habit to delay _____(go) to bed late at night.
6. It was _____(fog) when the accident happened.
down
practical
interruption
screaming
going
foggy
7. She ________(panic)and forgot to call the police for help.
8. He said that he __________(desperate) needed a job to support his family.
9. I worked together with mom to help the old man __his feet.
10. Grandpa held Sami’s hand ______(tight) but a huge wave separated them.
panicked
desperately
to
tightly
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. The local government has __________________________these years.
当地政府这些年建造了更多的中学。
2. They ___________________________.
他们让那位受伤的士兵脸朝上躺着。
3. It is natural to _______if you are too tired.
如果你太累了, 睡过头是很自然的。
4. He was really ___________due to smoking.
因为吸烟, 他的身体状况很不好。
had more middle schools built
laid the injured soldier face up
sleep in
out of shape
5. ____________________, the kid’s mother knelt down crying.
既绝望又无助, 孩子的妈妈哭着跪在地上。
Desperate and hopeless
【主题阅读】
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·济南高二检测)
　　First Aid Level 1
　　The course is suitable for anyone who wants to learn CPR, short for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (心肺复苏). It also covers management of bleeding and shock. This course includes assessment and leads to a New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) unit standard. The most attractive point is that a well-known doctor will teach this course.
　　Price: $ 100
　　Duration: 1 day
　　First Aid Level 2
　　It includes all of the course content from First Aid Level 1, plus an additional half day. Suitable for first aiders, health and safety staff and anyone who needs first-aid knowledge for their professional qualification. A very experienced doctor will teach this course.
　　Price: $ 150
　　Duration: 1. 5 days
　　Resuscitation Level 3
This training course is for those who require Level 3 resuscitation skills, especially people who have a duty to respond and are probably concerned with the start of resuscitation.
　　Price: $ 160
　　Duration: 4 hours
　　Resuscitation Level 4
This is an important health professional resuscitation training course. It can be used as a Level 4 refresher course. This course is the most suitable for nurses, nurse managers, District Health Board (DHB) resuscitation officers.
　　Price: $ 200
　　Duration: 4 hours
　　Take a look at the series of first aid courses, so that you can choose the medical learning experience that best matches your needs.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几门急救的相关课程。
1. How is First Aid Level 1 different from the other courses
A. It’s the most expensive.
B. It’ll last the longest time.
C. It’ll be taught by a famous doctor.
D. It’s meant for health and safety officers.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据First Aid Level 1介绍中的最后一句The most attractive point is that a well-known doctor will teach this course可知, 此课程的特殊之处在于它将由一位著名的医生执教。故选C。
2. How much should an applicant pay per hour for Resuscitation Level 3
A. $ 40. 　　　　　　 B. $ 50.
C. $ 100. D. $ 160.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Resuscitation Level 3中的介绍可知, 此课程价格是160美元, 持续时间是4小时, 故每小时需支付40美元。
3. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To show doctors’ responsibilities.
B. To advertise the first aid courses.
C. To advise medical professionals to assess their living standards.
D. To inform medical staff of the medical levels of the four hospitals.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段Take a look at the series of first aid courses, so that you can choose the medical learning experience that best matches your needs. 可知, 本文主要号召人们报名参加这些急救课程。故选B。
B
(2021·昆明高二检测)
　　If you see someone collapse(晕倒), perhaps as a result of a heart attack, what can you do while you wait for an ambulance Chen Wenqiaochu set a good example when he was 14. He performed CPR(心肺复苏) on a cleaner at his school, saving the man’s life in 2013. Chen showed that knowing how to perform CPR can be beneficial.
　　According to medical experts, there is a “golden period”, the first four minutes of a heart attack, when CPR is most effective in saving the person’s life. On Aug. 24, a joint guideline was issued by the Ministry of Education and Red Cross Society of China. It asks all public schools nationwide to provide first-aid courses, including CPR training, as part of health education. CPR is not hard to grasp. All that one needs to learn is how to observe and decide if a person is unconscious, where to press on the patient’s chest, and how to blow air through the mouth and into the lungs.
　　Unfortunately, less than 1 percent of Chinese adults have mastered the skill of CPR, while many have never heard of it. A 2019 survey from the Development Research Center (DRC) of the State Council noted that although 64. 6 percent of schools have opened health education courses, the teaching results are not satisfactory, according to China Youth Daily.
　　Zhao Shengyu, 18, a graduate from a Shandong high school, recalled her first time to be taught CPR in the class. “No model, video or practice was included. I realized the acts I had been taught orally had lots of errors after I was trained another time in a medical school, ” she said. Based on her own experience, Zhao said more qualified first-aid courses in schools are necessary. Ding Banghan, a doctor from Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, is a strong supporter for bringing first-aid knowledge into the classroom. “The first-aid course in schools is key for its popularization, ” said Ding.
　　Apart from China, many countries have attached importance to the popularization of first-aid training, including CPR.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要讲述了由于人们对心肺复苏以及急救措施的迫切需要以及对其的普及, 教育部以及红十字会已于八月份将其纳入中小学教育。
4. How did Chen Wenqiaochu save a man’s life
A. By calling an ambulance.
B. By waiting for an ambulance.
C. By asking doctors for help.
D. By performing CPR.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话“He performed CPR on a cleaner at his school, saving the man’s life in 2013. ”可知, 陈文翘楚通过实施心肺复苏, 拯救了他人的性命。故选D。
5. What can we infer from Paragraph 2
A. CPR is the most effective way in saving the person’s life.
B. The first-aid course has already been provided in all public schools.
C. Chinese public schools will provide first-aid courses in the near future.
D. There is no need to learn how to perform CPR for us ordinary people.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段第三句话“It asks all public schools nationwide to provide first-aid courses, including CPR training, as part of health education. ”可知, 教育部和中国红十字会要求中国所有公立学校都开设心肺复苏等相关急救课程, 由此可推出, 中国的公立学校很快将会把心肺复苏等急救措施引入课堂。故选C。
6. What is Ding Banghan’s attitude towards bringing first-aid knowledge into the classroom
A. Supportive. 　　　　　　 B. Indifferent.
C. Disapproving. D. Neutral.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段第五句话“Ding Banghan, a doctor from Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, is a strong supporter for bringing first-aid knowledge into the classroom. ”可知, 丁医生的态度是支持的。故选A。
7. What’s the main idea of this passage
A. Chen Wenqiaochu sets a good example for all the Chinese.
B. It’s urgent and necessary to bring first-aid knowledge including CPR into the classroom.
C. What is CPR.
D. How to perform CPR correctly.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第二段第三句话“It asks all public schools nationwide to provide first-aid courses, including CPR training, as part of health education. ”结合第三段内容可知, 现阶段人们越来越急需急救的知识以及措施来处理日常生活中的紧急情况, 因此将心肺复苏等急救知识纳入中小学教育已势在必行。故选B。
C
(2021·杭州高二检测)
　　First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse(脉搏), temperature, an unobstructed (未堵塞的) airway and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.
　　First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the badly injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
　　First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to lifelong disability.
　　Despite the variety of possible injuries, several suggestions should be followed if first aid applies to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if sensible, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure and heart trouble. The victim’s medical card should be checked that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
　　First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method to assess a victim’s condition is known as the ABC, which stands for:
　　A—Airway: Is it open and unobstructed
B—Breathing: Is the person breathing Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
　　C—Circulation (循环): Is there a pulse Is the person bleeding badly Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了急救的一些基本知识。
8. It is very important in first aid to 　　　.
A. know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim
B. spend a few minutes making the difference between recovery and death
C. move the injured person from the scene of accident immediately
D. make it clear what illness the victim has had
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知, 根据受伤者的情况, 知道什么该做, 什么不该做, 在急救中是很重要的。故选A。
9. Which of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid
A. Checking whether the victim is breathing.
B. Checking whether the victim is bleeding.
C. Waiting for medical treatment before giving first aid.
D. Telephoning a hospital at once.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句First aid must be done as quickly as possible. 和第四段第三句The victim, if sensible, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. 可知, 在进行急救前等待医疗处理是错误的。故选C。
10. The underlined word “indications” in the last paragraph means 　　　.
A. injuries　　　　　　　　 B. instruments
C. treatments D. signs
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据最后一段画线词所在句子可知, 急救之前需要检查脉搏、出血是否严重, 检查受害者的皮肤颜色和温度等血液循环方面的问题, 可以猜测, additional indications在这里指除上述所检查项目之外“其他的迹象”。所以indications为“迹象”之意。故选D。
11. What does this passage mainly tell us
A. The history and skills of first aid.
B. Basic knowledge about how to give first aid.
C. Some knowledge to help anyone who may be injured in an accident.
D. That first aid is dangerous to those who do not know how to do it.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段中First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. 可知, 文章主要介绍了急救的一些基本知识。故选B。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　World First Aid Day, which started in 2000, occurs on the second Saturday of September every year. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies introduced it to raise global 1. 　　　　　(aware) of how first aid can save people’s lives in everyday situations. So it is recommended 2. 　　first aid education become a part of taking a driving test.
　　First aid is the provision of initial care when someone is sick or 3. 　　(injure). It 4. 　　　　　(carry) out usually by a normal person until medical experts or an ambulance arrives. Sometimes first aid itself can be 5. 　　　　(effect) enough. Most first aid procedures are simple techniques. They require very little or no equipment but they 6. 　　　　　(save) millions of lives since it was set up. There are key 7. 　　　　　(aim) of first aid. The first is to preserve life. The first-aider does everything that he or she can 8. 　　　　　(stop) someone dying. The second aim is to prevent further harm. This could be to try and slow down bleeding or to keep a broken bone 9. 　　　　　 being moved. 10. 　　　　　 final aim is to promote recovery. This might include encouraging someone to breathe.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了始于2000年的世界急救日是在每年9月的第二个星期六, 国际红十字会和红新月会联合会推出了这个纪念日, 以提高全球对急救如何在日常情况下挽救人们的生命的意识。同时介绍了一些关于急救的知识。
1. 【解析】awareness。考查名词。上文global为形容词修饰名词, 故应填名词awareness, 表示“意识”。
2. 【解析】that。考查连接词。句意: 所以人们建议急救教育成为驾驶考试的一部分。本句考查的句型是 it is recommended that. . . , 意为“人们建议……”。it 在这里是形式主语, 真正主语为后面的that从句。
3. 【解析】injured。考查形容词。根据上文is sick or可知, or是并列连词, 连接两个词汇, 前后词性应该一致。应填形容词injured作表语, 表示“受伤的”。故填injured。
4. 【解析】is carried。考查动词时态语态。本句主语It与谓语动词carry构成被动关系, 且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时, 主语为it, 谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is carried。
5. 【解析】effective。考查形容词。根据上文be可知应填形容词effective作表语, 表示“有效的”。故填effective。
6. 【解析】have saved。考查动词时态。根据后文since it was set up可知应用现在完成时, 主语为they, 助动词用have。故填have saved。
7. 【解析】aims。考查名词的数。aim为可数名词, 根据上文There are可知此处应用名词的复数形式作主语。故填aims。
8. 【解析】to stop。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知stop在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 且stop在本句中作目的状语应用不定式。故填to stop。
9. 【解析】from。考查介词。句意: 这可能是为了减缓流血或者防止骨折的骨头移动。结合句意表示“阻止, 防止做某事”短语为keep from doing sth. 。故填from。
10. 【解析】The。考查冠词。本句中final aim为特指, 表示“最终的目的”应用定冠词the。句首单词首字母要大写。 故填The。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
假定你是李华, 你所在的班级将于周五上午举行一场关于急救知识的演讲, 请你写一篇演讲稿, 为同学们讲述遇到突发心脏疾病的病人时的相关急救措施。
内容包括:
1. 呼叫救护车, 等待专业救援;
2. 松开衣服, 帮助其呼吸;
3. 对失去意识的病人进行心肺复苏(CPR)。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Good morning, everyone!
My topic today is First Aid for Heart Attack. In our daily life, we sometimes come across some cases where people fall ill suddenly caused by heart attacks. The following are some tips.
Firstly, call 120 immediately. Cover them with a blanket and comfort them until professional help arrives. Bear in mind that don’t try to move the person unless he is in danger. Secondly, If they have difficulty breathing, loosen any clothing around their chest and neck. Thirdly, start CPR if they lose consciousness.
　　That’s all. Thank you!(共17张PPT)
Unit 5　First Aid
单元脉图·素养导引
聆听经典·话题热身
Here With You于2013年发行, 风靡美国各大音乐榜单, 在billboard占据榜首, 更在2019年成为网络神曲之一。年轻活力在这首歌中尽显无疑, 青春无限的MV和Asher Book阳光帅气的形象相得益彰, 更让这首歌曲成为了许多编舞者的挚爱。
注: 听音填空
Here With You
To all my friends
The night is young
The music’s loud
They playing our song
Nowhere else that I belong
Than here with you. . .
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
Ain’t felt this good since I remember
This night got ①started when
You entered
I hope we can get a little closer
Maybe even get to know your name
I wanna hear the music so loud
Get some drinks inside me
Right now
So baby let it go
You had me at hello
Let’s ②raise our glass and toast
DJ play that once more
To all my friends
The night is young
The music’s loud
They playing our song
③Nowhere else that I belong
Than here with you. . .
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
Gonna see the sun
Before we know it
If you got some money
Time to blow it
Girl, way you got me feeling
So sick
Dancing the night
Away with you, with you, with you yeah
Nobody here is sober
Last call don’t mean it’s over yeah
So baby let it go
You had me at hello
Let’s raise our glass and toast
To all my friends
The night is young
The music’s loud
They playing our song
Nowhere else that I belong
Than here with you. . .
(Than here with you)
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
Than here with you
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
I wanna hear the music so loud yeah
(I wanna hear the music so loud, yeah)
To all my friends
The night is young
The music’s loud
They playing our song
Nowhere else that I belong
Than here with you. . .
(Than here with you)
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
Than here with you
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
【词海拾贝】
1. toast / /　　　 v. 向……祝酒, 为……干杯
2. let it go 放手吧
译文:
有你相伴
对我所有好友来讲, 夜未央
乐未殇, 他们在我们喜爱的歌声里欢畅
我只想和你在此相伴, 不想去任何其他地方
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
记忆中从未感觉如此美好
你的到来让今夜变得闪亮
希望我们能有更多了解
或许只需要知道你的名字
我希望音乐更疯狂
此刻, 我只想来点美酒
所以, 宝贝, 不要犹豫, 你只需打个招呼我就会跟你走
让我们举杯畅饮
DJ让音乐再次唱响
对我所有好友来讲, 夜未央
乐未殇, 他们在我们喜爱的歌声里欢畅
我只想和你在此相伴, 不想去任何其他地方
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
还未意识到, 太阳就要升起
还有金钱的话, 尽情挥洒掉吧
女孩, 你让我感觉如此疯狂
与你彻夜共舞让我十分满足, 无比满足
今夜让我们一起疯狂
最后的招待并不代表就要结束
所以, 宝贝, 不要犹豫, 你只需打个招呼我就会跟你走
让我们举杯畅饮, 尽情享受
对我所有好友来讲, 夜未央
乐未殇, 他们在我们喜爱的歌声里欢畅
我只想和你在此相伴, 不想去任何其他地方
有你相伴就是天堂
(有你相伴就是天堂)
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
有你相伴就是天堂
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
我想让音乐更大声些
(我想让音乐更疯狂些)
(让音乐更狂野)
对我所有好友来讲, 夜未央
乐未殇, 他们在我们喜爱的歌声里欢畅
我只想和你在此相伴, 不想去任何其他地方
(有你相伴就是天堂)
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh
有你相伴就是天堂
Oh oh oh oh oh oh