2022年英语中考语法专题_宾语从句（word版，无答案）

宾 语 从 句
1. 宾语从句的语法意义及构成
语法意义 宾语从句在复合句中做主句的(及物动词或介词或某些形容词)宾语。 宾语从句通常由连词(that, if, whether)、连接代词( which, what, who, whom, whose)或连接副词(when, where, why, how)引导。
句型 结构 主+谓(vt)+引导词+主+谓(+其他成分) 主 句 宾语从句
连词引导 that(在口语和非正式文体中可以省略,因为它没有实在的意义，在从句中不充当成分) 1. He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 2. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. 3. I am sure (that) he will succeed.
whether或if(是否) 1. I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 2. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
连接代词引导 which(哪一个；那一些) I have no idea which bag she prefers
What(什么) Do you know what she likes most
who(谁) Do you know who they are waiting for
whom(谁) He asked me whom I was waiting for.
whose(谁的) He asked whose handwriting was the best
连接副词引导 when(什么时候) He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
where(哪里) Could you tell me where the nearest post office is
why(为什么) I don’t know why the train is late.
how(如何) Please ask the guide how we get to the place.
2. 宾语从句的类型
3. 使用宾语从句的注意事项
注意事项 说 明 例 句
从句 语序 无论是连词、连接代词，还是连接 副词所引导的宾语从句，都必须用 陈述句语序。 1. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 2. Do you know what he likes？
时 态 呼 应 主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句的时态不受限制。根据实情，可用各种时态。 1. He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk. 2. They know (that) he is working hard.
主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的时态也应是过去时态。 He asked what time it was. He asked if you had written to Peter.
主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句所叙述的是客观真理、格言时，从句时态无需改变，仍用一般现在时。 1. Father told me that practice makes perfect. 2. The teacher said light travels faster than sound.
宾语从句时态呼应口诀 主句谓动过去时，从句必过要一致。 主句谓动现将来，从句时态看具体。 明确过去永不变，真理格言现在时。
形容词后 的宾语 从句 从句可用作某些形容词的宾语。这类形容词常见的有：afraid, glad, sure, happy, sorry, pleased, certain, disappointed, satisfied等。 I am sure I will pass the exam. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 　　 He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
介词后 的宾语 从句 某些介词后也可接从句，称之为介词的宾语从句。 I am interested in how we use computers. That depends on whether we have enough people.
其他 情况 如果宾语从句后边还有宾语补足语，则需用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 You may think it strange that he would live there. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
在宾语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是believe, think, guess, suppose，expect，imagine等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且时态为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,即否定主句中的动词，这也就是我们平常所说的“否定转移”。 I don't think (that) it will rain. I don't believe he tells lies. I don't think (that) he is interested in that thing, is he I don't think he will come to my party. I don't believe they have finished their work yet, have they
【中考范例】
1. (北京市中考试题)
Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。
2. (上海市徐汇区中考试题)
Would you please tell me ________
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。
3. (哈尔滨市中考试题)
I don’t know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。
4. (常州市中考试题)
---We don’t know _____________.
---It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
【解析】答案: C。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。
初中英语宾语从句专项练习
Ⅰ. 考查时态
1. The girls asked if they________ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2. Catherine said that she ________to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3 .The students want to know whether they________ dictation today.
A. had B. has C. will have D. are
4. She asked Linda if________go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5. Linda said the moon________round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
Ⅱ. 考查引导词
1. Can you tell me ________ you were born, Betty
A. who B. what C. when D. that
2. I don't know ________they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
3. I hardly understand. ________ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
4. She didn't know________back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D.when he would be
5. I don't know ________ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D. when
6. Do you know ________they listened to yesterday evening
A. what B when C why D how
7. He asked me ________told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
Ⅲ. 考查语序
1. Jim doesn’t understand ________.
A. which is the way to the museum
B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum
D. why does she always go shopping
2. Please tell me ________ last year.
A. where does your sister work B. where did your sister work
C. where your sister works D. where your sister worked
3. She asked me if I knew________.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
4. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
5. Did you know ________
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
6. Could you tell me ________
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
Ⅳ. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子
1. 李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。
Li Ming says _______ _______ interested in playing computer games.
2. 我认为玛丽不回来了。
I don’t think Mary ______ ______.
3. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。
Sam told me that he _______ _______ for Shanghai.
4. 请你告诉我去钟楼怎么走吗？
Could you tell me _______ I can get to the Bell Tower
5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑。
Father said that he ________ ________ a new computer..
6. 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。
I want to know _________ there is a train to Beijing.
7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？
Do you know ______ _______ a double room ______
8. 请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？
Could you tell me ______ ______ we’re going to be away
9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。
Uncle said that he ______ _______ a new novel.
10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做。
Jack said he _______ something important to do.
【中考题展示】
1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.（北京市东城区）
A. that B. how C. what D. if
2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English. （杭州市）
A. why B. when C. how D. where
3. —We never know _____ the old man is.
—They say he is a teacher. （鄂州市）
A. what B. who C. which D. where
4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen _____ he began to play with computers. （重庆市）
A. that； how B. how； that C. when； that D. that； when
5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.
—Sorry, I don't know. （北京市海淀区）
A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
6. —Where do you think _____ he _____ the computer
—Sorry, I have no idea. （南京市）
A. ／; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy
7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. （重庆市）
A. what the matter is B. what is wrong
C. what the matter was D. what wrong was
—Where is Jack
—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ .（南昌市）
A. that B. which C. where D. there