山东省滨州市备战2022年中考二轮复习语法专项（被动语态）知识点+当堂检测+冲刺闯关（含答案及部分解析）

专题十、动词专题强化（被动语态）
被动语态的构成：
1.一般现在时:主语+am/is/are+动词的过去分词
The flowers are watered every day. 每天给这些花浇水。
2.一般过去时:主语+was/were+动词的过去分词
The house was built in the 1920s. 这座房子是20世纪20年代建的。
3.一般将来时:主语+will/am(is/are)going to+be+动词的过去分词
The new bus station will be put into use next month. 这个新汽车站下个月将投入使用。
4. 含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词
English must be spoken in this club. 在这个俱乐部里必须说英语。
主动变被动：
1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾,找出其中的谓语动词;
2.将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,若主动句中的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变
为主格。
3.把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语,主格变成宾格,并由by连接。
4.谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
特殊注意事项：
1.主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省
略to的动词不定式,变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。如:
We saw a boy enter the room. →A boy was seen to enter the room by us.
2.谓语动词后接双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)时,把间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语
不变或者是把直接宾语变为主语,在间接宾语前加合适的介词。如:
He gave me an apple.他给了我一个苹果。
↓ ↓
　　 间接宾语　直接宾语
→I was given an apple by him. →An apple was given to me by him.
3.句中谓语是动词短语时,变为被动语态要注意其完整性。如:
We should take good care of the old people.
→The old people should be taken good care of by us.我们应该照顾好老年人。
4.带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,只需把宾语变为被动语态的主语,而宾语
补足语仍保留在原处,作主语补足语。如:
The teacher asked the boy to stand up.
→The boy was asked to stand up by the teacher. 老师叫这个男孩站起来。
当堂检测
1..—Every year, millions of plastic bottles　　away, polluting the land and waterways.
—That’s terrible. We should protect our environment. (2021凉山)
A.threw B.are thrown C.have thrown D.were thrown
2.—How clean the roads are!
—They 　　　by the hard-working cleaners every day.(2021益阳)
A.are cleaned B.clean C.will clean D. were cleaned
3.In the big earthquake of Gansu,people 　 　　 to the safe places by the army.(2021怀化) A.take B.took C.were taken D. was taken
4.—Lily,cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
—Actually,lots of convenience(方便) 　　　 for us.(2021邵阳)
A.provided B.provided C.is provided D. are provided
5.—It was amazing that Huoshenshan Hospital 　 　　 in such a short time at the beginning of 2020. —Yes.That’s China Speed.(2020辽宁营口)
A.built B.is built C.was built D.has built
6.As the most exciting and traditional way to shop,street markets　　　 here and there in China these days.(2020四川凉山)
A.find B.found C.are found D.were found
7.The air pollution is very serious in our city.Something 　　　 about it now.(2020贵州毕节) A.can do B.must do C.was done D.must be done
8.—Clara,you have 　　　 Journey to the West for two weeks.
—Sorry,I wanted to give it back but was made 　　 　 Dazhou on business last week.(2020四川达州)
A.borrowed;to leave B.kept;to leave C.kept;leave D.borrowed;leave
9.It has been two months since my father 　　　 for Italy.(2020黑龙江龙东)
A.was left 　B.left C.leaves D. leave
10 .I think e-books will　　　 more than paper books in the future.(2020广西桂林)
A.use B.be used C.used D. uses
11.—Mr.White,when shall I hand in my report
—As soon as it 　　　 tomorrow.(2020湖北鄂州)
A.finishes B.will finish C.will be finished D.is finished
12.With the development of China,Chinese 　　　 by more and more people in the world.(2020贵州黔南) A.speaks B.is spoken C.speak D.is speaking
13. .—A new airport will be built in Tantou,Longhui.
—Good news! But a lot of good farmland 　　　.(2020湖南邵阳)
A.will waste B.may be wasted C.has wasted D. are wasted
14.—Where is Nancy at the moment —She 　　　 in the classroom just now. She must be there.
A.heard to sing B.was heard to sing C.was heard sing D.heard sing
中考冲刺闯关
完型填空。（共10小题，计10分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。
Malaysia Airlines(马航)flight MH370 disappeared from radar(雷达)screens an hour after it took off on March 8.It has for more than 3 months.
The plane maty fall into the sea.China,Malaysia and many other countries have joined to search the on the sea.The relatives of the 227 passengers and 12 crew(乘务人员)are good news from them.
How did the accident It is said that the plane was attacked(攻击)by the terrorists.Some think there may be something wrong with the plane,and others think the accident may be by the mistake of the crew.However it is to tell the reason because the plane hasn’t been found yet.
Whether the missing plane is and even more time to get to know the truth of what happened.However,we can’t stop imagine what happened to the plane it is found.
We hope these people on the plane will be ,and they can get together with their family members.
A.found B.seen C.flown D.missed
A.Plane B.terrorists C.ship D.Chinese
A.talking about B.waiting for C.listening to D.hearing
A.take B.happen C.come D.go
A.given B.met C.caused D.tried
A.hard B.easy C.wise D.true
A.spend B.take C.get D.waste
A.before B.after C.until D.as soon as
A.nor B.so C.and D.or
A.dangerous B.safe C.friendly D.bad
练习题
1.. Every year所以是一般现在时,塑料瓶和throw是被动关系。 选B
2. every day用于一般现在时， 被打扫，选 A
3. 人们被带到安全地区，选 C
4.带来方便 ；选 C
5.医院被建造，选C
6.市场被发现，选C
7.必须被做 ，选D
8.第一个空 for two weeks用于现在完成时 ， 动词用延续性动词，用keep
第二个空 be made to do sth，选B
9.句型 It has been +一段时间 since+一般过去时 ， 选B
10. 电子书将被使用， B
11. as soon as +一般现在时 ，选 D
12. 汉语被说 ， 选 B
13. .选B
14.选B
中考冲刺闯关
【文章大意】短文主要描述的是马航MH370失踪的事件。作者借此呼吁全世界要更加关注人类的安全，尤其是在机场里。
D [解析]考察动词辨析及语境理解。从最后一段的最后一句we hope they can get together with their family members.可知，飞机还是没有找到。found 找到（find的过去式或过去分词）；seen 看见（see的过去分词）；flown 飞（fly的过去分词）；missed(miss的过去式或过去分词)。故选D。
A [解析]考察名词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段的第一句话The plane may fall into the sea.要寻找的是飞机。故选A。
B [解析]考察词组辨析及语境理解。各国都在找寻MH70的下落，飞机上乘客的亲人都在等他们的好消息。talk about 谈论;wait for等待 ;listen to听;hear听说。根据句意，可知选B。
B [解析]考察动词辨析及语境理解。从后一句It is said that the plane was attacked(攻击)by the terrorists.可知，问的应该是意外是怎么发生的？故选B。A选项 take place 才表示发生的意思。
C [解析]考察动词辨析及语境理解。由前一句话Some think there may be something wrong with the plane 可知大家在猜测意外发生原因的可能性。故选C.caused 造成。be cause by 由……造成。
A [解析]考察形容词辨析及语境理解。根据because the plane hasn’t been found yet.可知因为飞机现在还没有找到，所以很难说到底是由上面原因造成这次事故的。故选A。
B [解析]考察固定搭配及语境理解。花费时间、金钱做某事：it takes/took sb time/money to do sth ;sb spend time/money on (doing)sth.故选B。句意：要找到失踪的飞机可能要花费一些时间。
C [解析]考察固定搭配及语境理解。 not...until 直到……才,句意：直到飞机找到，我们才能够停止飞机发生了什么事情的想象。故选C。
D [解析]考察固定搭配及语境理解。Whether...or not 是一个固定句型。
B [解析]考察词义辨析及语境理解。句意：我们希望在飞机上的人们能够安全。可以和家人团聚。故选B。