备战2022年山东省滨州中考二轮复习语法专项（非谓语动词）知识点+当堂检测+冲刺闯关（word版，含答案）

专题十一、动词专题强化（非谓语动词）
动词不定式在句中的作用
1.作宾语
(1)不定式直接作宾语。
She wants to go abroad.她想出国。 I hope to see him tomorrow.
可跟不定式作宾语的动词(词组)
决心学会有希望(decide,determine,learn,wish,hope), 同意计划莫假装(agree,plan,pretend),
胆敢拒绝会失败(dare,refuse,fail), 准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try,manage,help),
提供请求负担起(offer,beg,demand,afford), 答应安排理应当(promise,arrange,be supposed),
(2)在常用句型“find/think+it+adj.+to do sth.”中,it 作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语,放在宾语补足语(adj.)后面。
I find it not easy to learn English. 我发现学习英语不容易。
2.作宾语补足语
在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的
动词有:want,wish,tell,ask,teach,encourage,invite,allow,urge等。
My father never allows me to tell a lie. 我父亲从不允许我撒谎。
My English teacher often encourages me to study hard.
3.作目的状语等。如:
I went to the shop to buy some food and drinks. 我去商店买些食物和饮料。
They are too tired to walk. 他们太累了,走不动了。
4.作定语
动词不定式作定语时,放在被修饰的名词后面,作后置定语。如:
There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题。
5.作表语
Their duty is to look after the animals. 他们的职责是照顾动物。
6.常见的动词不定式的省略形式
(1)使役动词let,make,have和感官动词see,watch,feel,hear,notice等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是,当上述动词变为被动语态时,其后的不定式必须补上to。
I heard him sing just now.→He was heard to sing just now by me.
(2)两个并列的带to的不定式由and或or连接时,第二个不定式符号常常省略。如:
She has learned to read and write. 她已经学会了读和写。
(3)had better(not)do sth.意为“最好(不要)做某事”。　
The baby is sleeping.You’d better not make much noise.
(4)Why not do... =Why don’t you do... 表示“为何不做…… ”,用于提出建议。
Why not buy him a computer =Why don’t you buy him a computer
(5)would rather do...than do...意为 “宁愿做……而不愿做……”。
It’s very hot today.I would rather stay at home than go out.
7.疑问词+不定式
有些动词,如 ask,know,learn,decide,tell,show,teach等后面可接“疑问代词或副词+不定式”作宾语。不定式可以和疑问代词(who,whom,whose,what,which)或疑问副词(when,where,how,why)连用构成不定式短语。
Do you know how to do it 你知道该怎么做吗
I can tell you where to get this book. 我可以告诉你在哪里可以买到此书。
动名词：
1.作主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 得太多对身体有害。
2.作宾语
I don’t mind listening to that story again. 我不介意再听一遍那个故事。
后常接动名词作宾语的动词:完成练习值得忙(finish,practice,be worth,be
busy);继续习惯别放弃(keep on,be used to,give up);考虑建议不禁想
(consider,suggest,can’t help,feel like);喜欢错过要介意(enjoy,miss,
mind)。
分词:
分词分为现在分词(v.-ing)与过去分词(v.-ed)两种。
现在分词有主动、进行之 意;过去分词有被动、完成之意。
1.作定语
China is a developing country,but America is a developed country.
中国是一个发展中国家,但是美国是一个发达国家。
Do you know the boy called Jack 你认识那个叫杰克的男孩吗
2.作表语
His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票。
3.作宾语补足语
I saw a dog lying on the ground. 我看到地上躺着一条狗。
I’ll have my bike repaired. 我要找人修理我的自行车。
4.作状语
Don’t eat while walking on the street. 在街上走时不要吃东西。
当堂检测
1.I would be interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve, because it allows people　　　closer to them.(2021南京)
A.get B.to get C.getting D.got
2.—Do you always get up so early
—Yes,　　　 the first bus.My home is far away from school.(2021乐山)
A.catch B.catching C.to catch D. catches
3.The policeman told the children 　　　 in the river. It’s too dangerous! (2021宿迁) A.to not swim B.not to swim C.not swim D.not swimming
4. The young man used to 　　　 to work,but he is used to 　 　　. to work now.
A.drive;walking B.drove;walked C.drive;walks D.driving;walk
5.Mr.White invited me 　　　 the hill with him last weekend.(2021吉林)
A.to climb B.climb C.climbing D. climbs
6.—Linda,when shall we take a walk —After I finish 　　　 the dishes.
A.wash B.washed C.to wash D.washing
7.The old man is ill and he doesn’t feel like 　　　.
A.to eat something B.to eat anything C.eating something D.eating anything
8.—What about 　　　 hiking this Sunday —Great.I’d like 　　　 with you.
A.to go;going B.going;going C.going;to go D.to go;to go
9.—Is Tom in the next room
—Well,it’s hard to say.But I heard him 　　　 loudly when I passed by.
A.speaks B.to speak C.spoken D.speaking
10.—When are you going to get your hair 　　　 —This afternoon.
A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.cuts
11.She won’t let her daughter 　　　 by the river.
A.play B.plays C.to play D.playing
12.—Would you like to go fishing with me
—I don’t feel like it.I would rather 　　　 at home and have a sleep.
A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stayed
13.—How do you feel when watching the national flag going up
—It makes me 　　　 very proud.
A.felt B.to feel　 C.feeling D.feel
14.　　　myself, I will take up a hobby like painting this summer.　
(2021长春) A.Improve B.Improving C.To improve D.Improved
15 .I was deeply moved by the film.I think it’s well worth 　　 .(2021绥化改编)
A.to watch B.watch C.watching D. watches
16 .Remember to use sunglasses to stop the sun from 　　　directly in your eyes. (2021临沂) A.shine B.shining C.to shine D. shines
17 .—Look!There are some students 　　 basketball on the playground.
—Yes.I often see them 　　　 basketball there.(2021铜仁)
A.play;play B.play;playing C.playing;play D.playing;playing
18.My teacher encouraged me 　　　 English as much as possible.(2021牡丹江)
A.speaking B.speak C.to speak D. speaks
中考冲刺闯关
三、完形填空
“If you agree with me，please Dianzan．” Do you know Dianzan is one of the most popular words on the Internet？When you think someone’s ideas are right，when you think someone’s articles are （36）　　，or when you are moved by what someone writes，you can click （点击）the praise sign．Anyhow，clicking the praise sign （37）　　　that you agree with someone or praise someone．
Dianzan is a kind of Chinese Internet language．People （38）　　　　use it when they surf the Internet．There is a function（功能）of Dianzan in the QQ space．The QQ space has had the function （39）　　2010．It didn’t become very popular until Sina blog（新浪博客）（40）　　　the function of Dianzan．In recent years，it has become more and more popular．When the 2015 New Year came，Chinese leader Xi Jinping used the word Dianzan to praise and （41）　　　　his thanks to the great Chinese people．
Websites can know how many people support some ideas（42）　　　counting how many people click the praise sign．Experts can know （43）　　　　　　teenagers are caring about through what they click the sign for．That can help them solve teenagers’（44）　　　．
Clicking the praise sign is really a（n）（45）　　thing．Have you ever clicked the sign for anybody on the Internet？
36．A．wonderful B．terrible C．hard D．awful
37．A．offers B．takes C．means D．avoids
38．A．never B．luckily C．slowly D．usually
39．A．after B．since C．in D．before
40．A．broke B．checked C．refused D．started
41．A．accept B．express C．create D．receive
42．A．by B．on C．at D．under
43．A．that B．where C．what D．when
44．A．plans B．happiness C．problems D．fairness
45．A．difficult B．surprising C．embarrassing D．easy．
练习题答案
1.allow sb to do sth 选 B
2.目的状语 “为了赶上早班车” 选C
3. tell sb not to do sth 选B
4. used to do sth过去；曾经做某事 be used to doing sth习惯于做某事 选A
5.invite sb to do sth 选A
6.finish doing sth 选 D
7.feel like doin sth 选 D
8. what about doing sth would like to do sth 选 C
9. hear sb doingsth 选 D
10. get sth done 选 A
11. let sb do sth 选 A
12. would rather do sth选 A
13. make sb do sth 选 D
14.目的状语 选 C
15. be worth doing sth 选 C
16 .stop sb from doing sth 选 B
17 . there be sb doing sth see sb do sth 选 C
18. encourage sb to do sth 选C
中考冲刺闯关
36—40ACDBD、41-45BACCD