人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit5 The Value of Money重点单词趣味解读及练习3课件41张PPT

(共41张PPT)
版本：新人教
单元：必修三 Unit 5 (Listening and Speaking — Reading and Thinking)
单
词
课
堂
1. basis bas- (low 低的) + -is → 低处 → 基础
同根词：base, basic
词块：on a regular / daily / weekly basis, on the basis of
2. loan 词块：take out a loan
3. plastic 词源义“形成的；可塑的”，引申为“塑料的”
词块：plastic bags
4. apologise apology (道歉) + -ise (使……)；美式拼写：apologize
词块：apologise (to sb) for sth
5. ignore ig- (不、非) + -gnore (to know 知道、了解) → 不知道 → 无知、忽视
6. judge 一词多义：基本义“判断”
词块：judge by / from
派生词：judg(e)ment
本单元词汇梳理
7. scene 一词多义：基本义“场景”；熟词生义“圈子”
词块：on the scene；派生词：scenery
8. bet 词块：make a bet, bet on, You bet!
9. servant serv (to be a slave 当奴仆) + -ant (person 人) → 当奴仆的人 → 仆人、佣人
同根词：serve, service
10. sail 词块：set sail (for), sail around the world
派生词：sailing, sailor
11. spot 一词多义：基本义“斑点”；名词动词化
12. dare 可作情态动词，常用于否定句，否定 daren’t 或 do not dare
词块：dare (to) do sth, dare sb to do sth
熟词生义：激
13. sort 近义词：type / kind；名词动词化；词块：sort of, sort out (from)
14. patience 词块：(one’s) patience run out, lose / run out of patience
词族：patient, patiently, impatient, patience, impatience
15. mining mine + -ing
16. be about to do sth 常与 when 连用，表示“刚要……突然……”。
17. ought to 词块：ought (not) to do sth, ought to have done
18. indicate in- (toward 向、 对着) + dic (to say 说) + -ate (动词后缀) → 对着人说 → 指示、示意
意为“指示；指出”时是正式用语，对应 point at / out
19. beneath 正式用语，对应 under
20. postpone 近义词：put off
词块：postpone doing sth, postpone sth to / until
21. odd 近义词：strange
重难点词
精讲
scene
一词多义
熟词生义
spot
一词多义
搭配义
basis
搭配义
judge
一词多义
熟词生义
dare
sort
indicate
搭配义
一词多义
odd
一词多义
用法
正式用语与非正式用语
apologise
搭配义
basis
basis n [C] (pl bases) 根据；基础：
on a regular basis
Naismith later wrote 13 rules which are the basis of modern
basketball rules.
On the basis of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.
bas- (low 低的) + -is → 低处 → 基础，同根词：base, basic
apologise
apology词源故事
公元前399年，古希腊哲学家苏格拉底被雅典政府以“亵渎神灵、败坏青年”的罪名起诉。苏格拉底在由500人组成的陪审团面前做了著名的申辩，但申辩并没能挽救他自己。苏格拉底最终被判处死刑，饮毒而亡。他的学生柏拉图将他这篇申辩词记录下来，流传后世。“申辩”一词在希腊语中写作 apologia，意思是“自我辩护的演讲”。这就是英语单词 apology 的来源。由于自我辩护时需要先表达歉意，“道歉”和“辩解”总是联系在一起，所以 apology 衍生出“道歉”之意。
构词：apology (道歉) + -ise (使……)
n [C] & [U] 道歉；歉意：
accept sb’s apology
owe sb an apology
I demand an immediate apology from you.
I must make an apology to him for not going to his party.
apologetic adj 道歉的；愧疚的
apology
vi 道歉；表示歉意：
Try to forgive someone when they apologise. It’s not easy for anyone to say sorry.
apologise (to sb) for (doing) sth:
I apologise for not being able to join you for dinner.
apologise
(apology + -ise)
judge
“不要以貌取人”这句话还有很多说法。其中一个著名的版本出自《圣经 约翰福音》第7章。原文是“Never judge from appearances, but judge with right judgment.”“不可按外貌定是非，总要按公平断定是非”。即不可以貌取人，判断事物不应受表面现象蒙蔽。
Don’t judge a book by its cover. You might miss out an amazing story!
judge
v
vi & vt 判断 to form an opinion about sb / sth：
Judging from her accent, she must be from Sichuan.
Judging by his last letter, they are having a wonderful time.
vt 估计 to guess the size, amount, etc. of sth：
It’s difficult to judge how long the journey will take.
vt & vi 评价 to be critical about sb, to decide whether sb is good or bad
I’ve learnt a good lesson: not to judge people. 2010 北京
I’m in no position to judge whether what she is doing is right or wrong.
vt & vi 裁判；评判：
She was asked to judge the English speech competition.
vt 审判；判决：
judge a case / judge sb guilty
n [C] 法官；裁判员；鉴定人：
She is a very good judge of character.
judge 语义网络图
v
n
判断
judge
（基本义）
根据所见、所闻、所学“判断”某事物
“判断”大小、数量等
不公正或批评地对某人作出“判断”
“判断”比赛结果
“判断”案件
审判；判决
判断
估计
评价
裁判；评判
裁判员
鉴定人
法官
judg(e)ment
[U] 判断力；辨别力 the ability to form opinions or to make sensible decisions：
He showed excellent judgement in choosing a friend.
[C] & [U] 意见；看法；评价 an opinion that you form after thinking carefully：
make a judgement on / about
In her judgment, it was a wrong thing to give children so much pocket money.
[C] & [U]审判
scene
场记板是上面写着场次（scene）、镜次、导演、片名、影片公司等资料的小木板。一端可以开合，打板时发出清脆的响声，以便剪接时使用。
（戏剧等的）一场；（电影的）一个镜头；场景：
Act I, Scene 3
The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.
[常用单数]事发地点；现场：
The police were soon on the scene.
Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue. 2009 上海
景色；景象 a view that you see：
He photographed a wide range of street scenes.
scene n [C]
基本义——场景
情景；场面：
The little boy came riding full speed down the road on his bicycle. What a dangerous scene it was!
[非正式用语] [单数] 活动领域；圈子：
The Beatles became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. 2019 浙江
The Beatles 甲壳虫乐队，英国摇滚乐队 (rock band)，由约翰·列侬 (John Lennon)、林戈·斯塔尔 (Ringo Starr)、保罗·麦卡特尼 (Paul McCartney) 和乔治·哈里森 (George Harrison) 四名成员组成。1960年，乐队于英格兰利物浦市 (Liverpool) 成立，其音乐风格 (style) 源自20世纪50年代的摇滚乐 (rock and roll)，并开拓了迷幻摇滚、流行摇滚等曲风。
scene语义网络图
场景
scene
基本义
舞台 / 影视里的一个场景
案发现场的场景
自然景色的场景
事件的场景
社会活动的场景
（戏剧等的）一场；（电影的）一个镜头；场景
事发地点；现场
景色；景象
情景；场面
活动领域；圈子
spot
spot
斑点
污点
粉刺
spot n [C]
点；斑点；污点；粉刺：
ink spot
My dog has some brown spots.
Teenagers might worry about their changing voice, weight problems or spots.
地点；场所：
A scenic / beautiful spot
The most beautiful spot on the Yangtze
River is the Three Gorges.
a / the bright spot 亮点； 困境中使人高兴的事
on the spot 当场；立即；在现场：
The police were on the spot within a few minutes.
put sb on the spot（故意提出难题）使某人难堪：
The interviewer’s questions really put him on the spot.
vt [不用于进行时]看见；看出；发现 to see or notice：
The boy spotted a wallet on a bus seat and gave it to the police.
spotted adj 有斑点的；有污迹的
vi [不用于进行时] 敢；胆敢：
Try it if you dare.
dare to do sth:
Let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream. 2013 广东
vt 激将；激：
dare sb to do sth:
They dared Tom to steal a bottle of his father’s whiskey.
modal v [接不带to的不定式；多用于条件句、疑问句、否定句] 敢；竟敢：
I dare not go winter swimming alone.
How dare you say that
No one dared speak of it.
n [C] 激将；挑战
daring adj 勇敢的；敢于冒险的
dare v
n [C] 种类；类型 (type / kind)：
I’ll never do this sort of thing.
Real friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. 2014 全国
What sort of price were you thinking of
sort of 有几分；有点：
— Do you know what I mean
— Sort of.
sort
vt 把……分类 / 整理：
He sorted the apples into big ones and small ones.
sort out (from) （从……中）挑选出；整理；处理：
We should sort out enemies from friends.
Jane admits that she can’t sort out all the mess in the households. 2013 湖北改
indicate vt
[正式用语] 指示；指出 to direct sb’s attention to sb / sth, especially by pointing：
The arrow on a sign indicates the way to go.
表明；显示 to show that sth is probably true or exists：
The study indicates a connection between poverty and crime.
示意；暗示 to say or do sth to make your wishes, intentions etc. clear：
In his letter, he indicated his willingness to cooperate.
He smiles and nods, indicating that everything is fine.
indication n [C] & [U] 迹象；表示；标示
in- (toward 对) + dic (to say 说) + -ate → 针对某事说清楚 → 指示；指出
odd
奇怪的；怪异的：
an odd way to behave
It’s odd that she didn’t phone to say she couldn’t come.
［只用于名词前］偶尔发生的：
odd jobs
［常用于名词前］（一双或一套中）不成对的：
odd socks / gloves / shoes
against all (the) odds 尽管困难重重：
When we visited the ward the next morning, we were
amazed to see that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
odd adj
正式用语与非正式用语
Informal / Neutral（中性的） Formal / Written
在书本的下方 _______ the book beneath the book
发生 happen ___________
征求建议 ask for advice _________ advice
在某方面帮助某人 help sb with sth _________ sb with sth
把任务委托给某人 make sb responsible for the task _________ the task to sb
回答（v） _________ respond
使某人害怕 _________ / frighten sb terrify sb
因此 so _________
容许某人进入某地 allow sb to enter a place / let sb in _________ sb to / into a place
根据所给提示完成表格。
under
occur
seek
assist
entrust
answer
scare
therefore
admit
1. I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner.
2. I’ve learnt a good lesson: not to judge people. 2010 北京
3. In her judgment, it was a wrong thing to give children so much pocket money.
4. Let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream. 2013 广东
5. Real friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. 2014 全国
6. It’s odd that she didn’t phone to say she couldn’t come.
本单元金句汇总
随堂检测
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Honesty is the basis of friendship. __________
2. We’re going to be meeting there on a regular basis.
__________
3. She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications（资历）and ideas. __________
4. On the basis of evidence we deduced（推断）that he was guilty. __________
5. This article will form the basis for our discussion. __________
basis
友谊的基础
定期地 / 经常地
由于 / 因为
根据
作为……的基础
一、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Please ___________________ （接受我的道歉）for having to cancel our meeting.
2. I hope you are going to _________________（道歉）. (apology)
3. I think you should ______________________（向你弟弟道歉）. (apologise)
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 你应该为你所说的话向他道歉。(owe sb an apology)
_________________________________________________________
2. 我再次为我的错误向您致以诚挚的歉意。 (apologise to sb for doing sth)
_________________________________________________________
apologise
accept my apology
make an apology
apologise to your brother
You owe him an apology for what you said.
I sincerely apologise again to you for my mistake.
judge
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Judging from the writing style of the passage, it is a piece of advertisement. _____________
2. I judged him to be about 50. _____________
3. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.（2010 重庆）
_____________
4. I’ve been asked to judge the essay competition. _____________
5. She is a famous judge in court.（2016 上海） _____________
判断
估计
评价
担任裁判
法官
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The crowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races, __________ (judge) by their happy faces.
2. I respect his _____________ (judge) and I’ll follow any advice he gives me.
3. He refused to make a judgement __________ the situation.
judg(e)ment
judging
about / on
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He’s famous on the music scene. ___________
2. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.（2015 天津） ___________
3. You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.（2013 辽宁） ___________
4. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.（2012 天津 ） _____________
5. About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio to take part in a crowd-scene.（2012 全国） _____________
音乐界 / 圈
情景
景色
事发现场
（电影的）一个场景
scene
根据句意选出句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. A bright spot for me turned out to be reading.（2020 浙江） _________
2. In fact, grouses（松鸡）are hard to spot, because they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.（2014 四川） _________
3. Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot.（2014 陕西） _________
4. The woman called her again in order to recommend her a new scenic spot.
（2009 江苏） _________
5. As they entered the cool, shadowy woods, they began to search for a suitable camping spot.（2009 江西） _________
spot
c
e
d
a
b
a. 景点 b. 地点 c. 困境中使人高兴的事
d. 当场 e. 发现
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare.（2013 江西） _____________
2. Your uncle seems to be a good driver; even so, I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car. _____________
3. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about.（2014 全国）
_____________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. She was so high up now that she __________________________________ （不敢往下看）.
2. ___________________（你竟敢）speak to me like that
dare
激将；挑战
敢
didn’t dare (to) look down / dared not look down
How dare you
激将
sort
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. We both like the same sort of music. _____________ 2. Paper, plastic and cans are sorted for recycling. _____________
3. I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away.
_____________
4. We saw all sorts of animals in the park. _____________
二、选出能替换画线部分的单词。
I’ll never do this sort of thing. (kind / class) _____________
把……分类 / 整理
种类 / 类型
挑出；拣出
各种各样的
kind
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast. ______
2. She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us. ______
3. Ralph patted the sofa to indicate that she should join him. ______
4. Kingston-upon-Thames, as the name indicates, is situated on the banks of the Thames. ______
indicate
表明
指出
示意
正如其名称所示
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I left the house wearing two odd shoes and didn’t notice that my bottle of chocolate milk had poured all over the painting in my bag.
（2009 北京） __________
2. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence（便士）, and I am sure they thought he was very generous. __________
3. The odd thing is that we more often show great anger towards someone we are fond of than towards strangers. __________
零钱
不配对的
奇怪的
odd
谢
谢
观
赏