2022年中考英语复习新题速递之阅读表达 （word版含解析）

2022年中考英语复习新题速递之阅读表达（2022年5月）
一．阅读表达（共18小题）
1．（2021 聊城）阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面各项任务。
The human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms，but it can hold much more information than most computers.However，there is another difference between humans and puters don't forget information they are given，but humans often do.No one remembers everything，and luckily we don't usually have to.But everyone can improve their memory if they want to.Here are some suggestions.
★Try to use new information at once.For example，if you meet someone who says"Hi!I'm Carlos. "，don't just say"Hello!"Repeat the person's name，and say "Hello，Carlos."
★Write out what you need to remember again and again.This will help you keep it in mind longer，especially for remembering formulas （公式）or facts.
★Always review information.If you bring what you've learned back to your mind，they become easier to remember.For example，before you go to sleep，it's a good idea to review the new things you learned that day.
★Discuss with a friend.It is always easier to remember things through discussions.You can have a discussion about what's right and what's wrong，and it will lead to the right answer.
★永远不要说你记忆力不好。You can always do something to help improve your memory.And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often enough.
（1）将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语。 　 　
（2）回答问题：
If you want to remember a formula，what should you do according to Paragraph 3？ 　 　
（3）回答问题：
What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to（指的是）？ 　 　
（4）从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子。
People always remember things more easily through discussions. 　 　
（5）将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。 　 　
2．（2022 梁山县校级模拟）According to the Chinese lunar calendar，the year starting on Feb 12 will be the Year of the Ox.Many
Chinese people believe it will be a good year，partly because they have a strong liking for the animal itself.So，let's learn something about the ox in the Year of the Ox.
In Chinese culture，the ox stands for the spirit of hard work and unselfishness. We often say that the ox is enduring（忍耐的）and generous（慷慨的）.The term "laohuangniu" describes those who help others and ask nothing for themselves.Just as Chinese writer Lu Xun once wrote， "Cows eat grass，but give milk".But in the West，people have a different opinion about the animal， "Bull﹣headed" people are very stubborn（固执的） and will not listen to advice.
If you search on the internet for the word "bull"，you'll also find other interesting English expressions.For example，if someone behaves "like a bull in a china shop"，he or she behaves in a clumsy （笨的） manner when they should be more careful.
With the new year coming，we hope that all of us will work just as hard as the ox does.Avoid anything that might make you as angry as" a red flag to a bull".We hope you can always" take the bull by the horns （不畏艰险） when you have to deal with a difficult situation.
（1）What kind of people are considered to be "laohuangniu"？ （no more than 9 words）
　 　
（2）Which English words in the passage have the same meaning with "牛"？ （no more than 4 words）
　 　
（3）If a person acts carelessly，which phrase in the passage might be use to describe them？ （no more than 7 words）
　 　
（4）请把文中划线的句子译成汉语。
　 　
（5）请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
　 　
3．（2022 青浦区一模）If you are a hiker or a nature lover，you'll enjoy reading A Walk in the Woods.
It's a true story，written as a comedy.The author is Bill Bryson.Bryson returned to the US after 20 years in Britain and decided to get familiar with his native country by walking the Appalachian Trail（阿巴拉契亚山道）.
The trail，about 3，500 kilometers long，is popular with thousands of hikers.It goes from
Springer Mountain in Georgia to Mountain Katahdin in Maine.The story offers a landscape of silent forests and beautiful lakes.But as a writer with comic genius，Bryson also finds humor in the struggles that he and his old friend，Stephen Katz，went through.
Lots of silly things happen along the way.At the beginning，Bryson reads about the dangers of the wild and stays awake for hours each night，because he is worried he will be killed by bears.Later the two middle﹣aged men try to climb a mountain but get caught in a snow﹣storm.They get lost more than once，but they always manage to find their way back to the trail.They also meet a lot of strange people.
But the story is more than just a laugh﹣out﹣loud hike.Bryson also talks about acid rain（酸雨），the hunting of birds，and damage to the ecosystem（生态系统）.It's a mix of the silly and the serious，a fresh way of getting readers to actually care about the environment problems.As the website Book Browse said in a review，the book "will certainly become a modern classic of travel literature".
（1）Bill Bryson comes from Britain，doesn't he？
　 　
（2）How long is the Appalachian Trail？
　 　
（3）Why does Bryson stay awake for hours each night during his life on the trail？
　 　
（4）What happens to Bryson and his friend when they try to climb a mountain？
　 　
（5）What is the implied（隐含的）meaning of the underlined sentence？
The book not only 　 　，but also 　 　.
（6）Please give a proper title for the passage. （No more than 10 words）
　 　
4．（2021秋 宁乡市期末）Most children like to have parties for their birthdays.They invite their friends and classmates to their parties.The birthday boy or girl wears beautiful clothes.They play games，sing，dance and eat.There are some delicious food，such as ice﹣creams，sandwiches and fruits.Their parents prepare（准备） a big cake for them to eat and there are some candles （蜡烛） on it.Everyone sings the Happy Birthday Song and says "happy birthday" to the birthday boy or girl.
The children usually get presents from their friends and parents.In our country，children always open the presents after the party.But in the USA and England，children open them at once （立刻） and then say thank you.
（1）What do most children like to do for their birthdays？
　 　
（2）What do their parents prepare for the children at the party？
　 　
（3）Who do children usually invite to the party？
　 　
（4）Can they get some presents on the birthday？
　 　
（5）When do children open their birthday presents in our country？
　 　
5．（2021秋 太原期末）请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Do you dream of going into a video game？That dream may soon become real.It' s called the "metaverse"（元宇宙）.
The metaverse is a shared virtual（虛拟的） 3 D world，or worlds.A company（公司） in the US is planning to build a"metaverse".The word first appeared in a 1992 book called Snow Crash.In the story，people wear virtual reality（VR） headsets to see and join the metaverse.
Now，what happens in the book is becoming true.Wearing a VR headset，you can meet other people wherever they are.You can work and play with them.You will feel real. "We're talking about making another world，that' s as wonderful as the real world，" said Rev Lebaredian，from US.
It' s not important where you are.People will come to the metaverse at all times.You can meet friends from other countries and go on a virtual beach vacation together.But forget Sanya﹣you can go to the beach on the moon or anywhere else.Can't find a friend to play basketball？Jump into the metaverse and find some friends to play with or go to a concert!
Some people may say that these experiences are not real.Perhaps the metaverse will change our idea of what is real.
（1）What is the metaverse？
　 　
（2）When did the word"metaverse"first appear？
　 　
（3）Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. （请把划线部分译成汉语）
　 　
（4）What can you do in the metaverse？（One example is OK. ）
　 　
（5）Do you like the metaverse or the real world？Why？
　 　
6．（2021秋 苏州期末）It is very popular to shop on the Internet.But there are more and more advertisements（广告） on it.You have to be careful not to be tricked by the advertisements on the Internet.You may find something cheap，but it isn't always cheap.And some so﹣called new things just have a new outside.
However，shopping online is a kind of fashionable（时髦的） thing today.I love to buy things of everyday use，so I often get lots of information about them online.For example，if I want a mobile phone，I can choose my favourite one，and look for what the users like or don't like about it，then I decide（决定） whether（是否） to buy it or not.And at the same time，you don't have to go to a shop or walk around a crowded（拥挤的） shopping mall，so you don't have to spend much time.The Internet is really useful for shopping，but be careful not to spend too much.
（1）What does the writer often buy online？ 　 　
（2）According to the passage，what is one of the advantages（优点） of shopping online？ 　 　
（3）Do you like shopping online？Why or why not？ 　 　
7．（2021秋 新兴县期末）There is a school meeting on environment problems in Yuying International School.Many students give speeches according to their researches.
Yumiko，a 13﹣year﹣old boy，is from Japan.He finds the haze（雾霾） is getting more and more serious in Japan.More and more people cough and get skin problems and eye problems.He advises us not to exercise in the open air and open the window at noon or at night for a while.
Li Xiang lives in Hangzhou，China.He took part in an activity and it aimed to make people think more about the use of plastic bags in life.He thought the activity was wonderful and he said， "If we do nothing about the white pollution，it will cause more deaths of sea animals.And human beings will become 'plastic men'."
May，an American girl，reads a new study recently.It's said that nearly 80 percent people in North America can't see the Milky Way（银河）because of light pollution.The most seriously light﹣polluted country in the world is Singapore.Too much light has a direct effect on human's eyes.It can also destroy people's sleep cycle.What's more，it also affects wild animals.She hopes the government will do something to solve this problem.
（1）How is the problem of haze in Japan？
　 　
（2）When can we open the window according to Yumiko？
　 　
（3）What's the problem in Li Xiang's city？
　 　
（4）How many people in North America can't see the Milky Way？
　 　
（5）Which country is the most seriously light﹣polluted？
　 　
8．（2021秋 城阳区期末）When you and your family go out for dinner，do you notice how many dishes you usually order？It's fine if you finish all of them.（3）But if you waste too much food，you might pay a fee for it in the near future.
On Dec.22，China's top legislature（立法机关） reviewed a draft law（法律草案）for stopping food waste for the first time.In general，a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews（审议） it three times.
According to the draft law，restaurants should tell diners not to order too much.They should describe the size or amount of each dish.If customers leave too much food uneaten restaurants can charge（收费）them for food waste.
The law also bans（禁止）waiters from encouraging diners to order too much food.（4）Those who don't follow the law will receive a fine from 1，000 to 10，000 yuan.
The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste It bans livestreams（直播）and radio and TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.Producers（创作者） of such programs will face a fine of up to 100，000 yuan.Food waste happens in many places.In China alone，35 million tons of food ends up in landfill（垃圾场） every year.About12 percent of the nation' s harvest（粮食产量） goes to waste，CCTV News reported.
A.根据短文内容简要回答问题。
（1）What people are mentioned in the draft law？ 　 　
（2）How much food is wasted in our country every year？ 　 　
B.将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
（3）　 　；
（4）　 　；
C.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
（5）　 　.
9．（2021秋 长丰县期末）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。
Everyone says good words about my father these days.They tell me that my father is a hero because of his job.My father，like other doctors in China，went to Wuhan to care for patients during COVID﹣19.With all kinds of good words about my father，a problem comes to my mind.Why didn't anyone call him a hero before？
When we talk about heroes，what kind of picture will come into our mind？We may think about people who saved the world in the movie.They're truly heroes.However，are supermen the only heroes？
I don't think so.Heroes are in our real lives.They are common people just like you and me.If there's a fire，you know that firefighters will be there.If you're on the street，you'll see the police help people in need.In hospital，many doctors are busy saving people's lives.
The reason why they work hard isn't for people's good words.These people don't need to be called heroes just for now.They're heroes all the time.When we need help，these heroes are always there to help us.
（1）What does the writer's father do？（不超过5个词） 　 　
（2）Why do people say good words about the writer's father？（不超过 15个词） 　 　
（3）What does the writer think heroes are like？（不超过10个词） 　 　
10．（2021秋 信都区期末）After a busy morning at work，lunchtime gives me a chance to do many things，such as exercising，reading or watching TV.One cultural difference I've noticed between Britain and China is what we do during lunchtime.
Here in China，workers have longer lunch breaks，which gives them enough time to take a short nap.Therefore，Chinese people usually use lunchtime to rest.I often see office workers rest their heads on their desks.The room turns into a quiet "bedroom".Once，I even saw workers in a restaurant taking short naps as well.This is also very common for students in China.After lunch，they will go back to their dormitories（宿舍） or classrooms to take a nap.Chinese people believe a short nap at noon can help them feel more energetic in the afternoon.
In Britain，this activity is quite uncommon.British students usually have one hour lunch break.Instead of napping，we fill that time by playing sports or talking with friends.Most workers in Britain don't get the chance to nap.They usually have short lunch breaks一between thirty minutes and an hour.There is not enough time to have a nap.Because of the shortness of their lunch breaks，it is common for people to work through lunch or just finish their lunch at their desk.
第（1）题补全信息，第（2）、（3）题回答问题，第（4）题找全文主题句，第（5）题将画线句子翻译成汉语。
（1）The writer is probably from 　 　.
（2）Why do Chinese people prefer to take a nap at noon？
　 　
（3）How long does British workers rest at noon？
　 　
（4）　 　
（5）　 　
11．（2021秋 富拉尔基区校级期末）阅读短文，根据题目要求完成下列任务.
How do you decide if someone is smart？One way is to find（A） the person's intelligence quotient （智商），or IQ .
A 12﹣year﹣old girl recently took an IQ test.People found that her IQ is higher than Stephen Hawking's!Rajgauri，an Indian girl studying in England，scored 162 in the famous Mensa（门萨） IQ test.Mensa，founded in England in 1946，is the largest and oldest high IQ society in the world.Hawking got a score of 160.Although Einstein never took the test， （B）Hawking's，his，said，as，would，same，experts，score，the ，be.
Then，what does having a high IQ mean？Will those with a high IQ surely become the next Einstein or Hawking？Not necessarily.Most IQ tests，including the Mensa one，test one's ability in math，language and memory. （C） ，these tests don't test abilities like knowing how to make things work. （D）They don't test your creativity or interest，either. Also，a lot of things can affect one's IQ score，including stress and how familiar（熟悉）you are with the tests.
A Mensa expert said that good habits，willpower and a strong work ethic（职业道德）are just as important as intelligence. "If you don't develop those other qualities，you can waste a smart IQ." she said.
（1）根据文章内容分别在文中A、C两处填入适当的单词。
　 　
（2）将文中B处单词连成句子，注意标点符号。
　 　
（3）将文中D处句子翻译成汉语。
　 　
（4）请你为文章选择一个合适的标题。 　 　
A.Who got the highest score in IQ tests？
B.Can a person with a high IQ be successful？
C.Does Mensa test one's ability in math，language and memory？
（5）请结合文章内容给你的启示回答问题。
What should we do to succeed，if we don't have a high IQ like Einstein or Hawking？
　 　
12．（2021秋 路南区期末）Why do people nod and shake their head？In most places，people nod to mean "yes" and shake their head for "no".Nodding and shaking the head may come from when we were babies and our mothers were feeding us milk.Babies often nod their heads forward when they want more milk and shake their heads when they don't want more.
Why do people shake hands？Hundreds of years ago，people shook hands when they agreed with something，not as a greeting （问候）.In those days，life was more dangerous and knives were common.People probably shook hands to check the other person wasn't hiding a knife in the sleeve（袖于）of their jacket.Shaking hands as a greeting only became popular two hundred years ago in Europe，and more recently in other places.
Why do people bow？People bow as a sign of respect.When you bow，you show the back of your neck to the other person.In the past，people bowed only if they trusted the other person not to kill them. Bowing used to be common in Europe and it is still common in Asia.
（1）　 　may come from when we were babies and our mothers were feeding us milk.（完成句子）
（2）In the past，people shook hands 　 　not as a greeting.（完成句子）
（3）When did shaking hands as a greeting become popular in Europe？ 　 　（简略回答问题）
（4）　 　（找出并写下第三段的主题句）
（5）　 　（将文中画线句子译成汉语）
13．（2021秋 雨花区期末）A big snow hit northern China in the first week of November.Many people put on heavy coats，scarves and gloves.But is our planet getting warmer？How can we still have such cold weather？In fact，global warming doesn't actually mean we can eat ice cream all year.Instead，it may cause more extremely hot and cold days.If you are feeling really cold winds in streets，then you're feeling a result of this.But how does this happen？Let's take a look at two reasons.
Experts say global warming changes the atmospheric circulation（大气环流） of the Earth.A special climate pattern（气候模式） is showing up this winter.It's called La Nina.It is bringing more cold air to China.That's why people in northern China had heavy snow in early November.It's getting really cold.La Nina means little girl in Spanish.During a La Nina event，the winds from the ocean get stronger.The waters there become cooler and the air gets cooler，too.This affects global climate.For example，in October，La Nina affected China.It is a weather pattern caused by strong winds above the Pacific Ocean.It brought more cold air to China.
Another reason for the cold weather is the warming Arctic（北极）.The Arctic is getting warmer faster than any other place on Earth.Because of global warming，the cold air there gets weak.And，lots of cold Arctic air then goes southward.
Will this winter be much colder？The official forecast （预报） said a cold winter is likely.Northern China will probably see more snow，and southern China less rainfall.
（1）When did a big snow hit northern China？
　 　
（2）Why did a heavy snow hit northern China in November？
　 　
（3）What does La Nina mean in Spanish？
　 　
（4）Is the cold air there gets weak in Arctic？
　 　
（5）How many reasons behind global warming does the writer talk about？
　 　
14．（2021秋 宝山区期末）D.Read the passage below and answer the following questions.（根据文章内容回答下列问题。）
Lucy Brown，age 12，puts smiles on the faces of kids who are going through a hard time ﹣ and keeps the kids very warm too.She sews（缝纫） blankets for children who are dealing with some kind of challenge such as being sick，feeling lonely，losing a family member，or getting low grades.
Lucy got the idea when she was eight years old.She had just learned to sew and made a blanket as a gift for her friend's birthday. "She loved it，" Lucy says. "So，I thought maybe other kids might need that little extra love."
Her mom posted on social media （社交媒体） that Lucy wanted to make a blanket for someone who needed care.They asked for suggestions.When 20 recommendations（提议） came in，Lucy didn't want to choose just one.She met all of the needs!She has already made more than 800 blankets for kids in 19 countries.
Her favourite part is learning about each child. "I love hearing their stories and getting to know them，" she says.She tires to match the fabric（布料） and pattern to the children's interests.Then she heads to her sewing machines.
On each of her creations，Lucy adds a hand﹣sewn heart."That's to let whoever gets the blanket know they arc loved，" she says.
Many kids who've received a blanket keep in touch with Lucy.She now has friends all over the world. "I love knowing that I can make a difference，"Lucy says. "Everyone can do something.Even the smallest act of kindness counts.It can change lives."
（1）Lucy Brown sews blankets for children who need help and extra love，doesn't she？ 　 　
（2）When did Lucy get the idea to sew blankets for other kids？ 　 　
（3）What did Lucy do when 20 recommendations came in？ 　 　
（4）How did Lucy match the fabric and pattern to the children's interests？ 　 　
（5）Why does Lucy add a hand﹣sewn heart on each of her creations？ 　 　
（6）What does the underlined sentence "Even the smallest act of kindness counts." means？ 　 　
15．（2021秋 古县期末）请阅读下面非连续性文本，按要求完成所给任务，并将答案写在相应的位置上。
How to Celebrate Earth Day
The first Earth Day was held on April 22，1970.The holiday has been celebrated on this day every year ever since then.
In 2014，NASA（美国国家航空航天局）took an active part in Earth Day.Their Global Selfie event asked people to take a photo of themselves outside，and send it to NASA.They then put these pictures on a map of the world for all to see to commemorate their participation（纪念他们的参与）on this important day.
我们可以做许多小事来保护地球。The followings are some easy ideas!
Ride your bike if you live close enough to your school，ride a bike to and from classes. Not only is it good for your body，it's also good for the environment! And if you aren't nearby or don't have a bike，take public transportation.
Use your own water bottle.Just throwing your plastic water bottles into the recycling bin doesn't mean they are not hurting the environment.Besides the fact that it takes a lot of oil to make all of those bottles each year，there are still over two million tons of water bottles that have ended up in the U.S.Landfills（垃圾填埋场）.Buy a reusable bottle，so you'll be getting fresh water every time.
Get produce from a local farmer's market.Besides supporting area businesses，you'll also be helping the earth by buying your fruits and vegetables from local farmer's market.That's because food in the supermarkets travels about 1，500 miles to get to you，and all that shipping can cause pollution.When you buy locally，it's transported in shorter distances （距离）.
Some Earth Day themes
Earth Day 2020：Climate Action
Earth Day 2019：Protect Our Species（物种）
Earth Day 2018：End Plastic Pollution
Earth Day 2016：Trees for the Earth
Earth Day 2015：Clean Earth﹣﹣Green Earth
Earth Day 2014：Green Cities
（1）Please translate the underlined sentence into English.
　 　
（2）When did people begin to celebrate Earth Day？
　 　
（3）Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
　 　
（4）Which Earth Day asked people to pay attention to plants and animals around us？
　 　
（5）Why does the writer encourage people to buy fruits and vegetables from local farmers' market？
　 　
（6）After reading the passage，will you use plastic water bottles？Why？
　 　
16．（2021秋 白银期末）仔细阅读下面短文，并按要求完成1至5小题。
There was a recently joined woodcutter who worked day and night. ①was，by，work，the，hard，really，amazed，King，his （. ） Out of encouragement，he started to do his best in work and cut 18 trees in the first month and the king was glad.
The next month he put in the same effort but cut only 15 trees.And in the third month，he still tried his best but cut only 12 trees.The king visited him in the third month and talked about his fall in production.
He explained that he might have lost his strength or gotten too old to do the work.The king asked him， "When was the last time you sharpened your axe？" To his surprise，he has not even done it once in the last three months. ②That was the only reason why he couldn't cut more trees.
It is good that you put in a lot of effort and hard work towards your goals.But you should carefully consider your own ways of working as well as saving some time to relax，which would make you work more effectively （有效地）.
（1）将文中①处画线句子连词成句，标点符号已在括号内给出。
　 　
（2）阅读以下字典中 sharpen 的释义，选出文章第九行中 sharpen 的含义（标出 a、b 或c 即可）。
　 　
sharpen BrE / a p n/ AmE / a rp n/ （v.）a.to make something have a sharper edge or pointb.to make a feeling stronger and more urgentc.to improve something so that it is up to the necessary standard，quality etc
（3）将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语。
　 　
（4）Why couldn't the woodcutter cut more trees according to himself？
　 　
（5）What can we learn from the last paragraph？
　 　
17．（2021秋 东莞市校级期末）回答问题
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。
Since the introduction of the new"double reduction（双减）"education policy，the school has been reducing students' homework and after﹣school tutoring pressure.Some students are writing to the school magazines about how they think of the policy.Shen Yuzhe，boy，13，Grade 7The"double reduction'"policy（"双减"政策）really helps me.Our homework is clearly less than before.I can finish it at school with no need to take it home.Instead，I can review（复习）or preview（预习）school work when I'm home.Besides，teachers now teach at a much slower pace so that we have enough time to understand what we have learned.I'm also happy to find there are fewer exams.Zhang Hangming，boy，13，Grade 8The best thing about the "double reduction"is the increased（增加的）time in after﹣school activities such as dancing，volleyball and drama（戏剧）.I have joined a group called"leadership development"，learning all kinds of useful skills.Teachers are also giving us more chances to learn from real life.For example，we went to research earthworms（蚯蚓）in a field（田野）during a biology class.Cui Ruqi，girl，12，Grade 9Because of"double reduction'"we have less homework than before.There is only one concern（担心）：We can no longer see the rankings（排名））after each exam.For sure，I do feel less stress without knowing them.But at the same time，it leaves me confused（困惑的）about what level I am at.
（1）What does Shen Yuzhe think of the"double reduction"policy？
　 　
（2）According to Zhang Hangming，what can students spend more time on？
　 　
（3）How do teachers teach in order to make students understand what they have learned better？
　 　
（4）Who has more chances to learn from real life？
　 　
（5）What makes Cui Ruqi confused？
　 　
18．（2021秋 东台市期末）阅读与回答问题。
Riding a Mobike on the street，you might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud.Turning to the right，you might see a Sichuan﹣style restaurant.After walking into a store，you might see that Huawei smartphones are on sale.But you're not in China﹣﹣you're in Manchester in Britain.In fact，you might see similar things in many other cities.Chinese products（产品）have been going all over the world.
Chinese food became popular in Western countries hundreds of years ago.To meet local people's tastes，Chinese restaurants make some changes to the dishes."One example is the meat."said Yin Hang，a Chinese student who is studying in Australia."We like to eat meat with the bone in，but people here don't.So the local Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones even for fish."
Some Chinese brands（品牌）are also becoming more popular.It is reported that in many cities in Europe，many stores sell TCL televisions.Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.More than half of US owned drones（无人机）are Chinese models，according to China Daily.They're not only made in China，but also designed and developed in the country.
In the past，most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and not so good.But now，things have changed greatly.More people trust Chinese brands."Made in China"becomes cool."They are beautiful and offer something special that American phones don't have."an article on CNN once said about Chinese smartphones.
As it is said，Chinese government has been trying its best to improve its national brands of all kinds to meet the needs of modern life.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过5个词。
（1）What might you see after walking into a store？ 　 　
（2）How long has Chinese food been popular in Western countries？ 　 　
（3）Do people in Australia like to eat meat with bones？ 　 　
（4）According to China Daily，how many US﹣owned drones are Chinese models？ 　 　
（5）What do you think of "Made in China"？ 　 　
2022年中考英语复习新题速递之阅读表达（2022年3月）
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读表达（共18小题）
1．（2021 聊城）阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面各项任务。
The human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms，but it can hold much more information than most computers.However，there is another difference between humans and puters don't forget information they are given，but humans often do.No one remembers everything，and luckily we don't usually have to.But everyone can improve their memory if they want to.Here are some suggestions.
★Try to use new information at once.For example，if you meet someone who says"Hi!I'm Carlos. "，don't just say"Hello!"Repeat the person's name，and say "Hello，Carlos."
★Write out what you need to remember again and again.This will help you keep it in mind longer，especially for remembering formulas （公式）or facts.
★Always review information.If you bring what you've learned back to your mind，they become easier to remember.For example，before you go to sleep，it's a good idea to review the new things you learned that day.
★Discuss with a friend.It is always easier to remember things through discussions.You can have a discussion about what's right and what's wrong，and it will lead to the right answer.
★永远不要说你记忆力不好。You can always do something to help improve your memory.And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often enough.
（1）将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语。 　没有人能记得所有的事情，幸运的是我们通常不必记得。　
（2）回答问题：
If you want to remember a formula，what should you do according to Paragraph 3？ 　Write out what you need to remember again and again.　
（3）回答问题：
What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to（指的是）？ 　Things that you've learned.　
（4）从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子。
People always remember things more easily through discussions. 　It is always easier to remember things through discussions.　
（5）将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。 　Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory.　
【考点】综合型．
【分析】本文主要针对如何提高记力提出了五条建议。
【解答】（1）没有人能记得所有的事情，幸运的是我们通常不必记得。英译汉题题。remember记得；everything一切；luckily幸运地；usually通常；have to不得不，固定搭配。故答案为：没有人记得所有的事情，幸运的是我们通常不必记得。
（2）Write out what you need to remember again and again.细节理解题。根据Write out what you need to remember again and again.This will help you keep it in mind longer，especially for remembering formulas （公式）or facts.可知，要想记住公式，应该反复写出你需要记住的东西。故答案为：Write out what you need to remember again and again.
（3）Things that you've learned.词义猜测题。根据Always review information.If you bring what you've learned back to your mind，they become easier to remember.总是回顾信息。如果你把学到的东西带回脑海，它们就会更容易记住。可知，划横线的单词应该代指Things that you've learned。故答案为：Things that you've learned .
（4）It is always easier to remember things through discussions.同义句转换题。根据People always remember things more easily through discussions.人们总是通过讨论更容易记住事情。和It is always easier to remember things through discussions.通过讨论记住事情总是比较容易的。可知，这两者是同义句。故答案为：It is always easier to remember things through discussions.
（5）Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory.汉译英题。这是一个主从复合句，前面是一个祈使句的否定句，后面是一个以that引导的宾语从句。never永远不，从不；tell说，告诉；yourself你自己；have有；a bad memory糟糕的记忆力。故答案为：Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory.
【点评】这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有英汉互译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案；英汉互译题需要根据句意及汉英语言各自的语法习惯来翻译。
2．（2022 梁山县校级模拟）According to the Chinese lunar calendar，the year starting on Feb 12 will be the Year of the Ox.Many
Chinese people believe it will be a good year，partly because they have a strong liking for the animal itself.So，let's learn something about the ox in the Year of the Ox.
In Chinese culture，the ox stands for the spirit of hard work and unselfishness. We often say that the ox is enduring（忍耐的）and generous（慷慨的）.The term "laohuangniu" describes those who help others and ask nothing for themselves.Just as Chinese writer Lu Xun once wrote， "Cows eat grass，but give milk".But in the West，people have a different opinion about the animal， "Bull﹣headed" people are very stubborn（固执的） and will not listen to advice.
If you search on the internet for the word "bull"，you'll also find other interesting English expressions.For example，if someone behaves "like a bull in a china shop"，he or she behaves in a clumsy （笨的） manner when they should be more careful.
With the new year coming，we hope that all of us will work just as hard as the ox does.Avoid anything that might make you as angry as" a red flag to a bull".We hope you can always" take the bull by the horns （不畏艰险） when you have to deal with a difficult situation.
（1）What kind of people are considered to be "laohuangniu"？ （no more than 9 words）
　People who help others and ask nothing for themselves.　
（2）Which English words in the passage have the same meaning with "牛"？ （no more than 4 words）
　Ox，cow and bull.　
（3）If a person acts carelessly，which phrase in the passage might be use to describe them？ （no more than 7 words）
　Like a bull in a china shop.　
（4）请把文中划线的句子译成汉语。
　在中国文化中，牛象征着勤劳和无私的精神。　
（5）请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
　Something about the ox in the Year of the Ox.　
【考点】阅读表达．
【分析】本文主要讲述了在牛年一些关于牛的知识。
【解答】（1）People who help others and ask nothing for themselves.细节理解题。根据The term "laohuangniu" describes those who help others and ask nothing for themselves."老黄牛"这个词指的是那些帮助别人而不为自己的人。可知，帮助别人而不为自己的人被认为是"老黄牛"。故填People who help others and ask nothing for themselves.
（2）Ox，cow and bull.词义猜测题。根据In Chinese culture，the ox stands for the spirit of hard work and unselfishness.Just as Chinese writer Lu Xun once wrote， "Cows eat grass，but give milk".If you search on the internet for the word" bull"，you'll also find other interesting English expressions.在中国文化中，牛代表着勤奋和无私的精神。正如中国作家鲁迅曾经写过的那样，"牛吃草，但产奶"。如果你在网上搜索"bull"这个词，你还会发现其他有趣的英语表达方式。可知，Ox，cow and bull这些英语单词的意思与"牛"相同，故填Ox，cow and bull.
（3）Like a bull in a china shop.词义猜测题。根据For example，if someone behaves" like a bull in a china shop' "，he or she behaves in a clumsy （笨的） manner when they should be more careful.例如，如果有人表现得"像瓷器店里的公牛"，他或她在应该更小心的时候表现得笨拙。可知如果一个人行为粗心大意，文章中的"Like a bull in a china shop"就像瓷器店里的公牛，可以用来描述他们。故填Like a bull in a china shop.
（4）在中国文化中，牛象征着勤劳和无私的精神。英译汉。根据In Chinese culture，the ox stands for the spirit of hard work and unselfishness.可知，In Chinese culture在中国文化中；the ox 牛；stands for 象征着；the spirit of hard work and unselfishness勤劳和无私的精神。故填在中国文化中，牛象征着勤劳和无私的精神。
（5）Something about the ox in the Year of the Ox.题目归纳题。根据According to the Chinese lunar calendar，the year starting on Feb 12 will be the Year of the Ox.Many Chinese people believe it will be a good year，partly because they have a strong liking for the animal itself.So，let's learn something about the ox in the Year of the Ox.根据中国农历，从2月12日开始的一年将是牛年。中国人相信这将是一个好年头，部分原因是他们对动物本身有强烈的喜爱。所以，让我们在牛年学习一些关于牛的知识。可知，本文主要讲述了在牛年一些关于牛的知识。所以英文标题是关于牛年的牛的事。故填Something about the ox in the Year of the Ox.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
3．（2022 青浦区一模）If you are a hiker or a nature lover，you'll enjoy reading A Walk in the Woods.
It's a true story，written as a comedy.The author is Bill Bryson.Bryson returned to the US after 20 years in Britain and decided to get familiar with his native country by walking the Appalachian Trail（阿巴拉契亚山道）.
The trail，about 3，500 kilometers long，is popular with thousands of hikers.It goes from
Springer Mountain in Georgia to Mountain Katahdin in Maine.The story offers a landscape of silent forests and beautiful lakes.But as a writer with comic genius，Bryson also finds humor in the struggles that he and his old friend，Stephen Katz，went through.
Lots of silly things happen along the way.At the beginning，Bryson reads about the dangers of the wild and stays awake for hours each night，because he is worried he will be killed by bears.Later the two middle﹣aged men try to climb a mountain but get caught in a snow﹣storm.They get lost more than once，but they always manage to find their way back to the trail.They also meet a lot of strange people.
But the story is more than just a laugh﹣out﹣loud hike.Bryson also talks about acid rain（酸雨），the hunting of birds，and damage to the ecosystem（生态系统）.It's a mix of the silly and the serious，a fresh way of getting readers to actually care about the environment problems.As the website Book Browse said in a review，the book "will certainly become a modern classic of travel literature".
（1）Bill Bryson comes from Britain，doesn't he？
　No，he doesn't.　
（2）How long is the Appalachian Trail？
　About 3，500 kilometers long.　
（3）Why does Bryson stay awake for hours each night during his life on the trail？
　Because he is worried he will be killed by bears.　
（4）What happens to Bryson and his friend when they try to climb a mountain？
　They get caught in a snow﹣storm.　
（5）What is the implied（隐含的）meaning of the underlined sentence？
The book not only 　offers a landscape of silent forest and beautiful lakes　，but also 　gets readers to actually care about the environmental problems　.
（6）Please give a proper title for the passage. （No more than 10 words）
　Fun look at life on the trail.　
【考点】阅读表达．
【分析】Bill Bryson从英国回到美国以后，想要亲近祖国的自然，徒步阿巴拉契亚山道，并写成一本书，呼吁大家保护自然。
【解答】（1）No，he doesn't.细节判断题。根据"Bryson returned to the US after 20 years in Britain and decided to get familiar with his native country by walking the Appalachian Trail."可知，Bryson从英国回到美国，而他是个美国人。故填：No，he doesn't.
（2）About 3，500 kilometers long.细节理解题。根据"The trail，about 3500 kilometers long，is popular with thousands of hikers."可知，阿巴拉契亚山道长约3500千米。故填：About 3，500 kilometers long.
（3）Because he is worried he will be killed by bears.细节理解题。根据"At the beginning，Bryson reads about the dangers of the wild and stays awake fon hours each niahtbecause he is worried he will be killed by bears."可知，起初Bryson晚上都是醒着的，因为他害怕被熊吃掉。故填：Because he is worried he will be killed by bears.
（4）They get caught in a snow﹣storm.细节理解题。根据"Later the two middle﹣aged men try to climb a mountain but get caught in a snow storm."可知，他们遭遇了暴风雪。故填：They get caught in a snow﹣storm.
（5）offers a landscape of silent forest and beautiful lakes；gets readers to actually care about the environmental problems.细节理解题。根据"The story offers a landscape of silent forests and beautiful lakes" "Lots of silly things happen along the way"和"Bryson also talks about acid rain，the hunting of birds，and damage to the ecosystem"可知，这本书不仅介绍了美丽的景色，以及路途中发生的有趣的事也告诉我们应该重视严重的环境问题。故填：offers a landscape of silent forest and beautiful lakes；gets readers to actually care about the environmental problems.
（6）Fun look at life on the trail.最佳标题题。根据"It's a true story，written as a comedy."可知，本书以一种有趣的方式介绍旅行路途发生的事，同时也提醒人们保护环境，与此有关标题均可。故填：Fun look at life on the trail.
【点评】掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
4．（2021秋 宁乡市期末）Most children like to have parties for their birthdays.They invite their friends and classmates to their parties.The birthday boy or girl wears beautiful clothes.They play games，sing，dance and eat.There are some delicious food，such as ice﹣creams，sandwiches and fruits.Their parents prepare（准备） a big cake for them to eat and there are some candles （蜡烛） on it.Everyone sings the Happy Birthday Song and says "happy birthday" to the birthday boy or girl.
The children usually get presents from their friends and parents.In our country，children always open the presents after the party.But in the USA and England，children open them at once （立刻） and then say thank you.
（1）What do most children like to do for their birthdays？
　Most children like to have parties for their birthdays.　
（2）What do their parents prepare for the children at the party？
　Their parents prepare a big cake for them.　
（3）Who do children usually invite to the party？
　They invite their friends and classmates to their parties.　
（4）Can they get some presents on the birthday？
　Yes.　
（5）When do children open their birthday presents in our country？
　They always open the presents after the party.　
【考点】阅读表达．
【分析】本文主要介绍了孩子们过生日的情况。
【解答】细节理解题。
（1）Most children like to have parties for their birthdays.根据Most children like to have parties for their birthdays.可知，大多数孩子喜欢在生日那天举办派对。故答案为：Most children like to have parties for their birthdays.
（2）Their parents prepare a big cake for them.根据Their parents prepare（准备） a big cake for them to eat and there are some candles （蜡烛） on it.可知，他们的父母为他们准备一个大蛋糕。故答案为：Their parents prepare a big cake for them.
（3）They invite their friends and classmates to their parties.根据They invite their friends and classmates to their parties.可知，他们邀请朋友和同学参加聚会。故答案为：They invite their friends and classmates to their parties.
（4）Yes.根据The children usually get presents from their friends and parents.可知，他们通常从他们的朋友和父母那里得到礼物。故答案为：Yes.
（5）They always open the presents after the party.根据In our country，children always open the presents after the party.可知，在我们国家，孩子们总是在聚会结束后打开礼物。故答案为：They always open the presents after the party.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
5．（2021秋 太原期末）请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Do you dream of going into a video game？That dream may soon become real.It' s called the "metaverse"（元宇宙）.
The metaverse is a shared virtual（虛拟的） 3 D world，or worlds.A company（公司） in the US is planning to build a"metaverse".The word first appeared in a 1992 book called Snow Crash.In the story，people wear virtual reality（VR） headsets to see and join the metaverse.
Now，what happens in the book is becoming true.Wearing a VR headset，you can meet other people wherever they are.You can work and play with them.You will feel real. "We're talking about making another world，that' s as wonderful as the real world，" said Rev Lebaredian，from US.
It' s not important where you are.People will come to the metaverse at all times.You can meet friends from other countries and go on a virtual beach vacation together.But forget Sanya﹣you can go to the beach on the moon or anywhere else.Can't find a friend to play basketball？Jump into the metaverse and find some friends to play with or go to a concert!
Some people may say that these experiences are not real.Perhaps the metaverse will change our idea of what is real.
（1）What is the metaverse？
　It is a shared virtual 3 D world ，or worlds.　
（2）When did the word"metaverse"first appear？
　In 1992.　
（3）Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. （请把划线部分译成汉语）
　我们正在谈论创建另一个世界，那个世界和真实的世界一样美好。　
（4）What can you do in the metaverse？（One example is OK. ）
　We can meet friends from other countries.　
（5）Do you like the metaverse or the real world？Why？
　I like the metaverse.Because I can have a special experience there.　
【考点】阅读表达．
【分析】本文主要介绍了元宇宙。
【解答】（1）It is a shared virtual 3 D world ，or worlds.细节理解题。根据The metaverse is a shared virtual（虛拟的）3 D world，or worlds.可知，元宇宙是一个共享的虚拟3 D世界。故答案为：It is a shared virtual 3 D world ，or worlds.
（2）In 1992.细节理解题。根据The word first appeared in a 1992 book called Snow Crash.可知，"metaverse"这个单词最早出现1992年。故答案为：In 1992.
（3）我们正在谈论创建另一个世界，那个世界和真实的世界一样美好.英译汉题。talk about谈论，固定短语；make创造；another另一个；world世界；as...as和...一样，固定搭配；wonderful美好的；real真实的。故答案为：我们正在谈论创建另一个世界，那个世界和真实的世界一样美好。
（4）We can meet friends from other countries.细节理解题。根据You can meet friends from other countries .可知，你可以结识来自其他国家的朋友。故答案为：We can meet friends from other countries.
（5）I like the metaverse.Because I can have a special experience there.开放性试题，答案合理即可。我喜欢元宇宙，因为我会在那里有特别的经历。故答案为：I like the metaverse.Because I can have a special experience there.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
6．（2021秋 苏州期末）It is very popular to shop on the Internet.But there are more and more advertisements（广告） on it.You have to be careful not to be tricked by the advertisements on the Internet.You may find something cheap，but it isn't always cheap.And some so﹣called new things just have a new outside.
However，shopping online is a kind of fashionable（时髦的） thing today.I love to buy things of everyday use，so I often get lots of information about them online.For example，if I want a mobile phone，I can choose my favourite one，and look for what the users like or don't like about it，then I decide（决定） whether（是否） to buy it or not.And at the same time，you don't have to go to a shop or walk around a crowded（拥挤的） shopping mall，so you don't have to spend much time.The Internet is really useful for shopping，but be careful not to spend too much.
（1）What does the writer often buy online？ 　Things of everyday use.　
（2）According to the passage，what is one of the advantages（优点） of shopping online？ 　It takes less time.　
（3）Do you like shopping online？Why or why not？ 　Yes，I do.Because it's convenient and it saves time.　
【考点】阅读表达．
【分析】本文主要讲了网购有好处，但要注意不要花太多的钱。
【解答】（1）Things of everyday use.细节理解题。根据I love to buy things of everyday use，so I often get lots of information about them online.可知，作者喜欢在网上买日常用品。故答案为：Things of everyday use.
（2）It takes less time.细节理解题。根据you don't have to go to a shop or walk around a crowded（拥挤的） shopping mall，so you don't have to spend much time.你不必去商店或在拥挤的购物中心里四处走动，所以你不必花太多时间。可知，网购的优点是花费时间较少。故答案为：It takes less time.
（3）Yes，I do.Because it's convenient and it saves time.开放性试题，答案合理即可。我喜欢网上购物，因为我觉得网上购物很方便，也节省了我不少时间。故答案为：Yes，I do.Because it's convenient and it saves time.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
7．（2021秋 新兴县期末）There is a school meeting on environment problems in Yuying International School.Many students give speeches according to their researches.
Yumiko，a 13﹣year﹣old boy，is from Japan.He finds the haze（雾霾） is getting more and more serious in Japan.More and more people cough and get skin problems and eye problems.He advises us not to exercise in the open air and open the window at noon or at night for a while.
Li Xiang lives in Hangzhou，China.He took part in an activity and it aimed to make people think more about the use of plastic bags in life.He thought the activity was wonderful and he said， "If we do nothing about the white pollution，it will cause more deaths of sea animals.And human beings will become 'plastic men'."
May，an American girl，reads a new study recently.It's said that nearly 80 percent people in North America can't see the Milky Way（银河）because of light pollution.The most seriously light﹣polluted country in the world is Singapore.Too much light has a direct effect on human's eyes.It can also destroy people's sleep cycle.What's more，it also affects wild animals.She hopes the government will do something to solve this problem.
（1）How is the problem of haze in Japan？
　It's getting more and more serious.　
（2）When can we open the window according to Yumiko？
　At noon or at night.　
（3）What's the problem in Li Xiang's city？
　The white pollution.　
（4）How many people in North America can't see the Milky Way？
　Nearly 80 percent people.　
（5）Which country is the most seriously light﹣polluted？
　Singapore.　
【考点】阅读表达．
【分析】本文主要是三个同学对环保问题观点和看法。
【解答】（1）It's getting more and more serious.细节理解题。根据He finds the haze（雾霾） is getting more and more serious in Japan.可知，日本的雾霾越来越严重。故答案为：It's getting more and more serious.
（2）At noon or at night.细节理解题。根据And open the window at noon or at night for a while.可知，中午或晚上打开窗户一会儿。故答案为：At noon or at night.
（3）The white pollution.推理判断题。根据He took part in an activity and it aimed to make people think more about the use of plastic bags in life.He thought the activity was wonderful and he said， "If we do nothing about the white pollution，it will cause more deaths of sea animals.And human beings will become 'plastic men'."他参加了一项活动，旨在让人们更多地思考生活中塑料袋的使用。他认为这次活动很精彩，他说："如果我们对白色污染不采取任何措施，它将导致更多海洋动物死亡。人类将成为‘塑料人'。"可知，李翔城市的问题是白色污染。故答案为：The white pollution.
（4）Nearly 80 percent people.细节理解题。根据It's said that nearly 80 percent people in North America can't see the Milky Way（银河）because of light pollution.可知，由于光污染，北美近80%的人看不到银河系。故答案为：Nearly 80 percent people.
（5）Singapore.细节理解题。根据The most seriously light﹣polluted country in the world is Singapore.可知，世界上光污染最严重的国家是新加坡。故答案为：Singapore.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
8．（2021秋 城阳区期末）When you and your family go out for dinner，do you notice how many dishes you usually order？It's fine if you finish all of them.（3）But if you waste too much food，you might pay a fee for it in the near future.
On Dec.22，China's top legislature（立法机关） reviewed a draft law（法律草案）for stopping food waste for the first time.In general，a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews（审议） it three times.
According to the draft law，restaurants should tell diners not to order too much.They should describe the size or amount of each dish.If customers leave too much food uneaten restaurants can charge（收费）them for food waste.
The law also bans（禁止）waiters from encouraging diners to order too much food.（4）Those who don't follow the law will receive a fine from 1，000 to 10，000 yuan.
The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste It bans livestreams（直播）and radio and TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.Producers（创作者） of such programs will face a fine of up to 100，000 yuan.Food waste happens in many places.In China alone，35 million tons of food ends up in landfill（垃圾场） every year.About12 percent of the nation' s harvest（粮食产量） goes to waste，CCTV News reported.
A.根据短文内容简要回答问题。
（1）What people are mentioned in the draft law？ 　Restaurants ，customers ，waiters，schools ，students，Producers of eating programs.　
（2）How much food is wasted in our country every year？ 　35 million tons of food ends up in landfill.　
B.将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
（3）　但是在不久的将来你可能要为浪费太多食物而付费　；
（4）　那些不遵守此法律的服务员将会被罚款1000至10000元　；
C.请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
（5）　Law to stop waste　.
【考点】综合型．
【分析】文章简述了食物浪费现象以及针对那些造成浪费行为的个人、机构或团体以法律为依据进行处罚。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据According to the draft law，restaurants should tell diners not to order too much.They should describe the size or amount of each dish.If customers leave too much food uneaten restaurants can charge（收费）them for food waste.The law also bans（禁止）waiters from encouraging diners to order too much food.（4）Those who don't follow the law will receive a fine from 1，000 to 10，000 yuan.The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste It bans livestreams（直播）and radio and TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.Producers（创作者） of such programs will face a fine of up to 100，000 yuan.根据法律草案，餐馆应该告诉用餐者不要点太多，他们应该描述每次点餐的大小和数量。如果顾客留下太多没吃的食物，餐馆可以向他们收取浪费食物的费用。法律还禁止服务员鼓励食客点太多的食物。不依法办事的，处以一千元以上一万元以下的罚款。草案还要求学校教育学生避免浪费食物，禁止直播，禁止电视直播暴饮暴食节目。这些节目的制作者将面临高达10万元的罚款。可知草案中提到了餐厅和食客，服务员，学校，学生和饮食节目制作人。故答案为：Restaurants ，customers ，waiters，schools ，students，Producers（创作者） of eating programs.
（2）35 million tons of food ends up in landfill（垃圾场） every year.细节推理题。根据In China alone，35 million tons of food ends up in landfill（垃圾场） every year.仅在中国，每年就有3500万吨的食物被填埋。可推断出每年就有3500万吨的食物被浪费掉。故答案为：35 million tons of food ends up in landfill（垃圾场） every year.
（3）但是在不久的将来你可能要为浪费太多食物而付费。英译汉题。根据But if you waste too much food，you might pay a fee for it in the near future.可知这是一个条件状语从句；主句：you might pay a fee for it，你可能为此付费；in the near future，在不久的将来；从句：you waste too much food，你浪费太多食物；if，如果，连接词；按照中文表达习惯翻译成中文，故答案为：但是在不久的将来你可能要为浪费太多食物而付费。
（4）那些不遵守此法律的服务员将会被罚款1000至10000元。英译汉。根据Those who don't follow the law will receive a fine from 1，000 to 10，000 yuan.可知这是一个含有定语从句的复合句；主句：Those will receive a fine from 1，000 to 10，000 yuan，那些服务员将会被罚款1000至10000元：从句：who don't follow the law ，不遵守此法律，（修饰限制先行词those）；按照中文表达习惯翻译成中文，故答案为：那些不遵守此法律的服务员将会被罚款1000至10000元。
（5）Lawto stopwaste.标题概括题。根据 On Dec.22，China's top legislature（立法机关） reviewed a draft law（法律草案）for stopping food waste for the first time.12月22日，中国最高立法机关首次审议了一项制止食品浪费的法律草案。可知文章主要讲述了针对那些造成浪费行为的个人、机构或团体以法律为依据进行处罚，所以本文的标题应该是阻止浪费的法律。故答案为：Law to stop waste.
【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解。根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。
9．（2021秋 长丰县期末）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。
Everyone says good words about my father these days.They tell me that my father is a hero because of his job.My father，like other doctors in China，went to Wuhan to care for patients during COVID﹣19.With all kinds of good words about my father，a problem comes to my mind.Why didn't anyone call him a hero before？
When we talk about heroes，what kind of picture will come into our mind？We may think about people who saved the world in the movie.They're truly heroes.However，are supermen the only heroes？
I don't think so.Heroes are in our real lives.They are common people just like you and me.If there's a fire，you know that firefighters will be there.If you're on the street，you'll see the police help people in need.In hospital，many doctors are busy saving people's lives.
The reason why they work hard isn't for people's good words.These people don't need to be called heroes just for now.They're heroes all the time.When we need help，these heroes are always there to help us.
（1）What does the writer's father do？（不超过5个词） 　A doctor.　
（2）Why do people say good words about the writer's father？（不超过 15个词） 　Because he went to Wuhan to care for patients during COVID﹣19.　
（3）What does the writer think heroes are like？（不超过10个词） 　They are common people just like you and me.　
【考点】阅读表达．
【分析】文章介绍了作者的父亲作为抗疫英雄被人们称赞以及作者对英雄的认识。
【解答】细节理解题
（1）A doctor.根据My father，like other doctors in China.我父亲，像中国的其他医生一样。可知作者的爸爸是一名医生。故答案为A doctor.
（2）Because he went to Wuhan to care for patients during COVID﹣19.根据Everyone says good words about my father these days.They tell me that my father is a hero because of his job.My father，like other doctors in China，went to Wuhan to care for patients during COVID﹣19.这些天每个人都说我父亲的好话。他们告诉我，我的父亲是一个英雄，因为他的工作。我的父亲像中国的其他医生一样，在新冠肺炎疫情期间前往武汉照顾病人。可知，人们称赞作者的父亲是因为他和中国的其他医生一样，在新冠肺炎期间去了武汉照顾病人。故答案为Because he went to Wuhan to care for patients during COVID﹣19.
（3）They are common people just like you and me.根据I don't think so.Heroes are in our real lives.They are common people just like you and me.我不这么想。英雄就在我们的现实生活中。他们和你我一样都是普通人。可知，作者认为英雄和你我一样都是普通人。故答案为They are common people just like you and me.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
10．（2021秋 信都区期末）After a busy morning at work，lunchtime gives me a chance to do many things，such as exercising，reading or watching TV.One cultural difference I've noticed between Britain and China is what we do during lunchtime.
Here in China，workers have longer lunch breaks，which gives them enough time to take a short nap.Therefore，Chinese people usually use lunchtime to rest.I often see office workers rest their heads on their desks.The room turns into a quiet "bedroom".Once，I even saw workers in a restaurant taking short naps as well.This is also very common for students in China.After lunch，they will go back to their dormitories（宿舍） or classrooms to take a nap.Chinese people believe a short nap at noon can help them feel more energetic in the afternoon.
In Britain，this activity is quite uncommon.British students usually have one hour lunch break.Instead of napping，we fill that time by playing sports or talking with friends.Most workers in Britain don't get the chance to nap.They usually have short lunch breaks一between thirty minutes and an hour.There is not enough time to have a nap.Because of the shortness of their lunch breaks，it is common for people to work through lunch or just finish their lunch at their desk.
第（1）题补全信息，第（2）、（3）题回答问题，第（4）题找全文主题句，第（5）题将画线句子翻译成汉语。
（1）The writer is probably from 　British　.
（2）Why do Chinese people prefer to take a nap at noon？
　Because Chinese people believe a short nap at noon can help them feel more energetic in the afternoon.　
（3）How long does British workers rest at noon？
　They usually have short lunch breaks一between thirty minutes and an hour.　
（4）　Probably the biggest difference between American and British English is the vocabulary.　
（5）　在英国，这种活动很少见。　
【考点】综合型．
【分析】本文主要介绍了英国和中国之间关于"午餐时间做什么"这一方面的文化差异。
【解答】（1）British.细节理解题。根据In Britain，this activity is quite uncommon.British students usually have one hour lunch break.Instead of napping，we fill that time by playing sports or talking with friends.在英国，这种活动很少见。英国学生通常有一小时的午休时间。我们不打盹，而是通过运动或与朋友聊天来打发时间。可推测作者可能来自英国。故填British。
（2）Because Chinese people believe a short nap at noon can help them feel more energetic in the afternoon.细节理解题。根据Chinese people believe a short nap at noon can help them feel more energetic in the afternoon.可知，中国人喜欢午睡，因为中国人相信午睡可以让他们在下午感觉更有活力。故填Because Chinese people believe a short nap at noon can help them feel more energetic in the afternoon.
（3）They usually have short lunch breaks一between thirty minutes and an hour.细节理解题。根据Most workers in Britain don't get the chance to nap.They usually have short lunch breaks一between thirty minutes and an hour.大多数英国工人没有机会小睡。他们通常有短暂的午餐休息时间一三十分钟到一小时之间。可知，大多数英国工人通常有短暂的午餐休息时间一三十分钟到一小时之间。故填They usually have short lunch breaks一between thirty minutes and an hour.
（4）One cultural difference I've noticed between Britain and China is what we do during lunchtime.主旨大意题。根据One cultural difference I've noticed between Britain and China is what we do during lunchtime.我注意到英国和中国之间的一个文化差异是我们在午餐时间做什么。结合文章可知，本文主要介绍了英国和中国之间关于"午餐时间做什么"这一方面的文化差异。主题句应是One cultural difference I've noticed between Britain and China is what we do during lunchtime.故填One cultural difference I've noticed between Britain and China is what we do during lunchtime.
（5）在英国，这种活动很少见。英译汉题。根据In Britain，this activity is quite uncommon.可知In Britain单词在英国；this activity这种活动；is 是；quite很；uncommon少见。故填：在英国，这种活动很少见。
【点评】这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有英汉互译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案；英汉互译题需要根据句意及汉英语言各自的语法习惯来翻译。
11．（2021秋 富拉尔基区校级期末）阅读短文，根据题目要求完成下列任务.
How do you decide if someone is smart？One way is to find（A） the person's intelligence quotient （智商），or IQ .
A 12﹣year﹣old girl recently took an IQ test.People found that her IQ is higher than Stephen Hawking's!Rajgauri，an Indian girl studying in England，scored 162 in the famous Mensa（门萨） IQ test.Mensa，founded in England in 1946，is the largest and oldest high IQ society in the world.Hawking got a score of 160.Although Einstein never took the test， （B）Hawking's，his，said，as，would，same，experts，score，the ，be.
Then，what does having a high IQ mean？Will those with a high IQ surely become the next Einstein or Hawking？Not necessarily.Most IQ tests，including the Mensa one，test one's ability in math，language and memory. （C） ，these tests don't test abilities like knowing how to make things work. （D）They don't test your creativity or interest，either. Also，a lot of things can affect one's IQ score，including stress and how familiar（熟悉）you are w