(共23张PPT)
Lead in— 学海拾贝
The Dog and the Shadow 狗和它的影子
A DOG, crossing a bridge over a stream with a piece of flesh in his mouth, saw his own shadow in the water and took it for that of another Dog, with a piece of meat double his own in size. He immediately let go of his own, and fiercely attacked the other Dog to get his larger piece from him. He thus lost both: that which he grasped at in the water, because it was a shadow; and his own, because the stream swept it away.
沪教版 英语 六年级 第二学期
Unit10
Forests and land
一、知识回顾
1. 单词默写。
n.森林
n.凹地,穴,洞
n.地区;区域
v.提供;供应
v.建造
n.木头
n.家具(不可数名词)
n.黏土;泥土
n.羊毛;毛制品;毛线
n.棉花
n.塑料
n.油,石油
n.金属
n.土地
n.沙子,沙滩
n.原料;材料
adj.木制的
adj.毛纺的,羊毛的
二、 Important Sentences structures
1. Many animals in forests die because they lose their homes and food.
because用作连词,意为“因为,由于”在句中引导原因状语从句,其从句常用于说明一个直接的原因,这时主句可改为so连接的并列句。例如上句可改为:
They lose their homes and food, so many animal in forests die.
又如:My teacher was angry because I was late.
=I was late, so my teacher was angry.我们老师生气了,因为我迟到了。
【知识拓展】because也可用来回答由why引导的特殊疑问句。
e. g. -Why do you like maths 你为什么喜欢数学?
-Because it's interesting.因为它有趣。
2. People in some countries cook food with wood.
with为介词,在这里是“用,使用”的意思,表达方法、材料或工具。
e. g. Don't write with that pen.别用那支钢笔写。
【友情提示】with和in都有“用”的意思。
(1)with强调使用具体的工具。
e. g. Write with a pencil.用铅笔写。(强调工具)
(2)in强调使用的材料或颜色。
e. g. Write in ink.用墨水写。(强调材料)
此外,用某种语言只用in,不用with。
e. g. Please speak in English.请用英语说。
Don't write in Chinese.不要用汉语写。
3. find out 查明,弄清。
区分look for, find 和 find out
(1) find 与find out 的区别:
find强调一种客观结果,意为“找到” e.g. I can’t find my glasses.
find out 指主观有意识的动作,意为“查明真相” I want to find out who has taken away my glasses.
(2) find out 与look for 的区别:
find out (找出、查明)的通常是抽象的事因、复杂的真相等。
look for(寻找)的通常是具体事务 I am looking for my glasses.
4. We can use glass to make bottles.
(1) to make是不定式表示目的。
(2) use…to make…意为‘‘用……,来做……”。
句中的glass意为“玻璃”,是不可数名词。
【指点迷津】glass的不同含义:
①glass意为“玻璃”,是不可数名词。
e. g. This cup is made of glass.这个杯子由玻璃制成的。
②glass意为‘‘玻璃杯”,是可数名词。
e. g. He put the glass on the shelf.他把玻璃杯放在架子上。
③glasses这一复数形式意为‘‘眼镜”。
e. g. She wears glasses.她戴眼镜。
5. 形容词的构成:名词加上词缀变成形容词。本文中有的表示材料的名词加上特定的后缀变为形容词。
1)名词+en, 表示由……制成的。 如wool→woollen, wood→wooden, gold→golden。
2)名词+ful, 如beauty→beautiful, care→careful, help→helpful.
3)名词+less, 表示“无,没有”。 如use→useless, care→careless。
4)名词+y, 如:sun→sunny, fun→funny, cloud→cloudy等。
Rewrite the sentences as required
1.Forests provide shelter and food for birds, animals and insects.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ forests provide for birds, animals and insects
2.We cut down trees to make paper and houses.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ we cut down trees
3.People must stop cutting down trees.(改为祈使句)
________ ________ down forests.
4.This knife is made of metal.(改为复数形式)
________ ________ are made of ________.
1. What do
2. Why do
3. No cutting
4. These knives metal
【解析】
1.对shelter and food提问,是对宾语提问,用疑问词what,主语forests是复数形式,因此用助动词do,故此处为(1). What (2). do。
2.对to make paper and houses提问,是对原因提问,用疑问词why,主语we是复数形式,因此用助动词do。故此处为(1). Why (2). do。
3.根据People must stop cutting down trees.“人们必须停止砍伐树木。”可知,此处表示禁止砍树。故此处为(1). No (2). cutting。
4.this的复数形式为these,knife的复数形式为knives,metal“金属”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故此处为(1). These (2). knives (3). metal。
【课堂练习】
Rewrite the sentences a required.(按要求改写句子)
1. Forests are very important because they provide food for animals. (对划线部分提问)
_______________ _______________ forests very important
2. The sun gives us heat and light.(保持原句意思基本不变)
We _______________ heat and light _______________ the sun.
3. We cut down trees to make furniture and paper.(对划线部分提问)
_____ _______ we cut down trees
4. People use wool for making clothes. (保持原句意思基本不变)
People use wool _______ ________ clothes.
Why are, get…from, Why do, to make
三、语法讲解
1. be made of与be made from的用法
这是被动语态的结构,表示由……制作而成,但两个词组的意思是不同的:be made of所提到的材料在制成成品时还能看出来,而be made from所提到的材料通常是看不出来的,即成品已经完全看不出原料的样子。
e. g. The belt is made of leather.这根腰带是由皮革制成的。(皮革被做成腰带后还是看得出是皮的)
Bread is made from wheat.面包是由小麦做的。(小麦做成面包后已经看不出小麦的样子了)
The outside of the building is made of glass.这幢建筑的外层是由玻璃制成的。
Glass is made from stones and sand.玻璃是由砂石制成的。
2. 名词通过加上词缀变成形容词
有些形容词是由名词演变过来的
(1)有些形容词是由名词加上en构成的,表示“由……制成的”。
e. g. wool →woolen,英式拼法为woollen, wood →wooden, gold →golden。
(2)有些形容词是由名词加上ful构成的。
e. g. beauty →beautiful, care →careful。
(3)有些形容词是由名词加上less构成的,表示‘‘无,没有……”。
e. g. care →careless, hope →hopeless。
(4)有些形容词是由名词加上y构成的。
e. g. sun →sunny, wind →windy
3. 感官动词
感官动词包括:look(看),sound(听),smell(闻),taste(尝),feel(摸,感觉);在解释为“看上去,听上去,闻上去,摸上去”等时都是连系动词,相当于be动词的用法,后面跟形容词,而不是副词。
比较:She looks very sad. 她看上去很悲伤。(看上去的样子)
She looks sadly at me. 她很悲伤地看着我。(强调怎样看)
Complete the following sentences as required. (根据所给要求完成句子,每空格限填一词。)
5.My grandma used to get up early in the morning.(改为否定句)
My grandma ______ ______ to get up early in the morning.
6.Mike is the best football player in our school.(保持句意不变)
Mike is ______ than any other football ______in our school.
7.When water freezes, it turns into ice.(划线部分提问)
______ ______ when water freezes
8.There is little water in the pot. (改为反义疑问句)
There is little water in the pot,______ ______
9.Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest underground station (改为简单句)
Can you tell me______ ______ get to the nearest underground station
10.the younger students, want, to, I, what changes, would like, find out, to, see, you (连词成句)
_________________________________________________________________
【当堂检测】
5. didn’t use
6. better player
7. What happens
8. is there
9. how to
10.I would like to see what changes you want the younger students to find out.
【解析】
5.My grandma used to get up early in the morning.(改为否定句)根据 used是use的过去式,所以否定助动词用didn’t,谓语动词还原;故填(1). didn’t (2). use。
6.Mike is the best football player in our school.(保持句意不变) 根据最好也可以说比其他的运动员更好than any other+名词单数;than比,better更好,因为any表示任一,所以player用单数。故填(1). better (2). player。
7.When water freezes, it turns into ice.(划线部分提问)根据句意可知是当水结冰的时候,会发生什么,what 什么,做主语看作是单数,谓语动词happen发生,用单数形式,故填 (1). What (2). happens。
8.There is little water in the pot. (改为反义疑问句)根据反义疑问句,主句中little表示否定,所以后句为肯定。故填(1). is (2). there。
9.Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest underground station (改为简单句) 根据简单句只有tell一个谓语,所以后面变成疑问词+不定式结构;get要变成不定时 to get,疑问词不变。故填(1). how (2). to。
10.the younger students, want, to, I, what changes, would like, find out, to, see, you (连词成句) 根据句中两个谓语动词,所以分析出是what changes引导的一个宾语从句,I为主语所以放在句首,would like to do sth想做某事,want sb to do sth想要某人做某事。故填I would like to see what changes you want the younger students to find out。
11.The blue coat ________ cotton. It looks nice.
A.is made in B.is made of C.is made by D.is made from
12.Plastics ____ many things.
A.are used to make B.used to make C.are used to making D.used to making
13.A cable car is used ________ people up a hill.
A.to carry B.carrying C.carried D.carry
14.Something ________ if we have the party next week.
A.happens B.is happened C.will happen D.will be happened
15.Tom ________ his room every day, so his room is very ________.
A.clean; clean B.cleans; cleans C.clean; cleans D.cleans; clean
11.B【详解】
句意:那件蓝色上衣是棉质的。它看起来不错。
A. 在……地方制造;B. 由……制成(看得出原材料);C. 被……制造;D. 由……制成(看不出原材料);根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“由棉花制成的”而棉质的衣服是可以看得出原材料的,所以应该用be made of,故本题选择B。
【点睛】
英语中表达“由……制成”是be made of和be made from,做题时要根据句意来判断理解。如果能够看得出原材料就用be made of,如果看不出原材料就用be made from 而本题中,衣服是棉质的,是可以看得出原材料的,所以用be made of。
12.A【详解】
句意:塑料被用来制造许多东西。
考查动词短语辨析。be used to doing sth 意为“习惯做某事”;used to do sth“过去常做某事”;be used to do sth意为“被用来做某事”;根据文字的表层意思推断,空格指“被用来制作很多东西”;故选A。
13.A【详解】
句意:缆车被用来载人上山。
考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”,为被动语态形式,符合句意,故选A。
14.C【详解】
句意:如果我们下周举办聚会,就会有事情发生。
考查if条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,因此主句时态是一般将来时,且“happen”是用主动形式表示被动意义,没有被动语态。故选C。
15.D【详解】
句意:Tom每天打扫他的房间,所以他的房间很干净。
考查动词及形容词。cleans作“打扫”,是动词;clean作“干净的”,是形容词;第一空作谓语,应用动词,结合“every day”可知,句子用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数形式,动词用三单形式;排除A、C选项;第二空作表语,应用形容词,故选D。
16.—Sounds ________ someone is singing in the room.
—It’s my sister. Her song sounds ________ beautiful.
A./; / B.like; / C.like; like D./; like
17.—What do you think of ice-cream
—It ________ good. But it’s not good ________ our health.
A.tastes; at B.tastes; for C.taste; for D.tastes; with
18.The vegetable soup ________ delicious. Can I have more
A.tastes B.eats C.feels D.sounds
19.I like ________ fish because I think it ________ delicious.
A.to eat; tastes B.eating; eats C.eat; tastes D.eating; tasting
20.Her speech at the meeting sounds ________. It sounds ________ a great plan for our city.
A.good, like B.well, like C.good, / D.well, /
16.B【详解】
句意:——房间里好像有人在唱歌。——是我妹妹。她的歌听起来很美。
考查sound和sound like的用法。sound like听起来像,后可加名词或句子;sound听起来,后加形容词作表语。空格一后是句子,应用sound like;空格二后是形容词,用sound。故选B。
17.B【详解】
句意:——你觉得冰淇淋怎么样?——味道不错。但它对我们的健康不好。
考查主谓一致及介词。空一处句子主语是It,所以动词用第三人称单数形式tastes,排除选项C;be (not) good for sb/sth“对某人/某事有/无益”,固定搭配。故选B。
18.A【详解】
句意:这蔬菜汤味道很好。可以再给我一些吗?
考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来;eats吃;feels感觉;sounds听起来。分析句子结构可知,形容词“delicious”作表语,主语是“The vegetable soup”,此句为主系表结构,要用系动词,可以排除B。又因为蔬菜汤只能用动词“尝”。故选A。
19.A【详解】
句意:我喜欢吃鱼,因为我认为它尝起来很美味。
考查动词用法。like to do sth./like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”;think后从句缺少谓语,结合“it ... delicious”可知是尝起来美味,用taste作系动词,it后用其第三人称单数形式tastes。故选A。
20.A【详解】
句意:她在会上的演讲听起来不错。这听起来是我们城市的一个伟大计划。
考查系动词的用法。good好的,形容词;like像/喜欢,介词或动词;well好,副词。第一空前的sounds为感官动词,应用形容词修饰,sounds good表示“听起来不错”;第二空考查动词短语sound like,表示“听起来像”,符合语境。故选A。
21.Mum, what are you cooking It ________ so delicious.
A.taste B.sound C.feels D.smells
22.Gentle wind makes you ________.
A.feel cool B.feel cooling C.to feel cool D.feeling cool
23.The music ________ beautiful. I like it very much.
A.listens B.sounds C.looks D.tastes
24.The food in that restaurant looks delicious, but it bad.
A.makes B.tastes C.feels D.sounds
25.The oranges look nice but __________terrible.
A.feel B.sound C.taste D.look
21.D【详解】
句意:妈妈,你在煮什么?闻起来好香。
考查感官动词辨析。taste尝起来;sound听起来;feels感觉起来,动词三单形式;smells闻起来,动词三单形式。根据“delicious”可知,是尝起来或者闻起来很美味,因为主语“It”是单数,因此动词用动词三单。故选D。
22.A【详解】
句意:微风使你感到凉爽。使役动词make构成短语“make sb. do sth.”意为“使某人做某事”;feel为系动词,后面跟形容词cool“凉爽的”构成系表结构,故选A。
23.B【详解】
句意:这音乐听起来很美。我非常喜欢它。
考查动词辨析。listen听;sound听起来;look看上去;taste尝起来。beautiful“美妙的”是形容词,空处需用表感觉系动词,可排除A项;由主语music“音乐”可知sound符合语境,故选B。
24.B【详解】
句意:那家餐馆的食物看起来很好吃,但味道不好。
考查感官动词的用法。makes制造;tastes尝起来;feels感觉起来;sounds听起来。餐厅的食物看起来很美味,但尝起来味道却很糟糕,故tastes符合题意。故选B。
25.C【详解】
句意:橙子看起来不错,但吃起来很难吃。
考查动词辨析。feel感觉;sound听起来;taste品尝;look看。根据“The oranges look nice but …terrible.”可知,此处指橙子“尝起来”不好吃。故选C。
愿君皆有所获,皆有所得