(共19张PPT)
Q: 老詹养了一只狗,并且从来不帮狗洗澡,为什么狗不会生跳蚤呢?
沪教版 英语 七年级 第二学期
Lead in— 脑筋急转弯
A: 因为狗只会生小狗…
Unit8
A more enjoyable school life
一、知识回顾
adj. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的;令人愉快的
adj. 理想的,完美的,最合适的
v. 组织;安排
adj. 现代化的
n. 实验室
n. 实验,试验
v. 组织;筹备
adj. 不可能存在(或做到)的;不可能的
1. 单词默写。
adj. 必需的;必要的
adj. 不需要的;不必要的;多余的
adj. 不吸引人的;无趣的;无聊的
pron. 你们自己
pron. 我们自己
pron. 他们自己;她们自己;它们自己
pron. 她自己
pron. 他自己
二、 Important Sentences structures
1. Mr Hu wants his students to conduct a survey for the school. 胡老师想要他的学生为学校做一个调查。
conduct a survey意为“做调查;组织调查”。
want somebody to do something意为“想要某人做某事”。
I want you to be happy. 我希望你快乐。
would like也有类似的用法。
Would you like me to lend you some money 你想要我借些钱给你吗?
此外,ask,tell,advise,teach等动词后也常跟这样的结构,即动词+sb. +to do sth.
2. I'd like to have less homework.我希望作业减少一些。
这里的less是形容词little的比较级形式,修饰homework,表示“更少的作业”。由于homework是不可数名词,故用little/less修饰。修饰可数名词,如vegetables,则用few/fewer。
Judy made fewer mistakes in the test today. 朱迪在今天的测验中出错少了一些。
There's less rain this year. 今年的雨水偏少。
3. Our classroom looks old, untidy and uninteresting. 我们的教室看起来又旧又不整洁,缺乏生气。
这个句子的结构是“主语+系动词+形容词”,我们把这种结构称为“主(语)系(动词)表(语)”结构。形容词在句中作表语,修饰主语。句中的old,untidy和uninteresting都是形容词,用于修饰our classroom; look为系动词,意为“看上去”。我们所学过的系动词有look(看上去),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),feel(感觉起来),become(变得),turn(变得),get(变得)等。
三、语法讲解
人称 单复数 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单 I me my mine myself
复 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单 you you your yours yourself
复 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单 he his his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复 they them their theirs themselves
1、反身代词
反身代词用法归纳:
◆ 作宾语
(1)有些动词后常跟反身代词:amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, help等
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.
Please help yourself to some fish.
(2)“及物动词 + 宾语 + 介词”:dress oneself up, help oneself to sth.
I couldn’t dress myself up when I was three years old.
◆ 作表语和同位语
I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
The thing itself is not important.
◆ 在不强调的情况下,but, expect, for等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可
No one but myself / me is hurt.
◆ 第二人称作宾语,用反身代词
You should be proud of yourself.
◆ 注意:反身代词不能做主语,但可作主语同位语,放在主语后或句末。
错:Myself went to the cinema . 对:I went to the cinema myself.
2. I would like to have less homework.
would like to do sth. = want to do sth. / would like + sth.
would like 具体用法:
◆ would like后接名词或代词,表示具体“要”某样东西。
I would like a cup of coffee.
He would like a large bowl of noodles.
◆ would like后接动词不定式(to do形式),表示意愿、喜爱,有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。
I would like to help you.
She would like to eat swim.
◆ 词组:would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 = want sb. to do sth.
I’d like you to meet them.
I’d like him to do my homework.
◆ Would you like... 表示向对方提出客气的、有礼貌的请求、邀请、希望或询问等。
Would you like an apple 你想要个苹果吗?
肯定回答常用Yes, please. / Yes, I’d like (love) to. / Certainly. / Yes, thank you.等;
否定回答常用No, thanks. / No, thank you.等。
◆ 拓展:当主语是第一人称时,would可换成should,like也可换成love。 I should love the coat.
总结:would like中的would是情态动词,依靠它我们可以做句型转换;
把 would like 作为一个整体看,它的用法与want相同。
3. It would be possible to have more books in our library. 丰富我们校图书馆里的藏书是可以做到的。
“It would be+形容词+动词不定式”的结构与“It is+形容词+动词不定式”的结构所表达的含义接近,但有所区别。试比较:
It is nice to eat ice cream in summer. 夏天吃冰淇淋很爽。①
It would be nice to have a swimming pool in our school. 要是我们学校有一个游泳池多好。②
第①句表达的含义:夏天吃冰淇淋很不错。这个句子表达的是经常性发生的动作,是广泛的爱好。
第②句表达的含义:学校目前没有游泳池,但倘若有,就是一件不错的事情。它所表达的内容与现状相反,有假设的成分。
【随堂小练】
一、句型转换
1.We had a good time last weekend.(改写为同义句)
We _______ _______ last weekend.
2.Ben spends more than two hours finishing his homework every day. (保持原句意思不变)
It ______ Ben more than two hours ______ finish his homework every day.
3.It’s so hot that we can’t run and jump in P. E. lessons in summer. (保持原句意思不变)
It’s _________ hot for us _________ run and jump in P. E. lessons in summer.
4.We’d like to have computer lessons in our school.(对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ would you like to see in your school
5.Alice found that she was falling down a very deep hole.(改为同义句)
Alice found _________ ________ down a very deep hole.
6.I am unable to fall asleep if the light is on.(改为同义句)
It’s ________ ________ ________ ________ fall asleep ________ the ________ ________.
1. enjoyed/had ourselves/fun
【详解】
句意:我们上周末过得很愉快。have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun“玩得开心”,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,主语是We,反身代词用ourselves。故填enjoyed/had;ourselves/fun。
2. takes to
【详解】
句意:Ben每天花两个多小时完成作业。根据“人+spend+时间+doing sth”可以和“it takes sb some time to do sth”进行转换,表示“某人做某事花了多长时间”,时态是一般现在时,主语“it”是第三人称单数,所以用动词的第三人称单数takes,it作形式主语,不定式to finish his homework作真正的主语,故填takes;to。
3. too to
【详解】
句意:天气如此炎热以至于夏天在体育课上我们不能又跑又跳。so...that...“如此……以至于……”,too...to...“太……而不能……”;可以同义表达为“夏天天气太热而不能在体育课上又跑又跳”。故填too;to。
4. What changes
【详解】
句意:我们想在我们学校上电脑课。划线部分“have computer lessons”是希望学校做出的改变,此处问“你希望你的学校有什么变化?”,用what提问,其后接changes表示“变化”。故填What;changes。
5. herself falling
【详解】
句意:Alice发现她掉进了一个很深的洞里。原句中在“found”后跟了that引导的宾语从句,find还常用于复合结构find+宾语+宾语补足语。结合句意,第一个空应表示“Alice”自己,应用herself;第三个空用falling现在分词形式作宾补,与宾语构成主动关系。故填herself;falling。
6. impossible for me to with light on
【详解】
句意:如果灯亮着,我就无法入睡。根据提示可知转成it is adj. for sb. to do sth.。impossible“不可能的”;“with+n.+宾补”是复合结构,表示伴随。故填impossible;for;me;to;with;light;on。
7.Alice made the cakes ________! Please help _________ to them.
A.herself, himself B.itself, themselves
C.herself, yourselves D.myself, yourself
8.His parents are always busy so he often makes lunch _________.
A.ourselves B.herself C.himself D.myself
9.Don’t play with the knife, or you’ll hurt_________.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
10.I cooked breakfast for ________ yesterday morning.
A.my B.myself C.me D.I
11.The children made the kites ________.
A.theirs B.them C.they D.themselves
7.C【详解】
句意:爱丽丝自己做了蛋糕!请随便吃。
考查代词辨析。herself她自己;himself他自己;itself它自己;themselves他们自己;yourselves你们自己;myself我自己;yourself你自己。第一空指爱丽丝自己,所以用herself;第二空考查help yourself/yourselves to sth表示“随便吃……”,是招待他人的常用语。结合选项,故选C。
8.C【详解】
句意:他的父母总是很忙,所以他经常自己做午饭。
考查反身代词辨析。ourselves我们自己;herself她自己;himself他自己;myself我自己,根据空前的“he often makes lunch”可知,应该是他自己做午饭,用himself,故选C。
9.D【详解】
句意:不要玩刀,否则你会割伤自己。
考查代词辨析。you你;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;yourself你自己。根据“Don’t play with the knife, or you’ll hurt”可知,表达的是“伤到自己”;主语是you,对应的反身代词是yourself,故选D。
10.B【详解】
句意:我昨天早上为自己做了早餐。
考查代词词义辨析。my我的,形容词性物主代词;myself我自己,反身代词;me我,宾格;I我,主格。空格处缺少代词作宾语,故排除AD;再根据语境指我昨天早上为自己做了早餐。故选B。
11.D【详解】
句意:孩子们自己做风筝。
考查代词辨析。theirs他们的,名词性物主代词;them他们,人称代词宾格;they他们,人称代词主格;themselves他们自己,反身代词。根据“The children”可知此处表示他们自己做风筝,用反身代词themselves。故选D。
12.Enjoy _________ to have some fish and meat, children.
A.you B.ourselves C.yourself D.yourselves
13.Don’t worry. We’re old enough to look after ________ .
A.myself B.me C.ourselves D.us
14.—My dear kids, help _________ to some fish.
—Thank you.
A.yourself B.yourselves C.you D.yours
15.— The cake tastes delicious. Who made it
— It’s Ben. No one taught ________ . He learned all by ________ .
A.he, him B.him, himself C.he, himself D.himself, him
16.Be careful when you are riding a bike, _________ you may hurt _________.
A.but; oneself B.and; yourself C.so; yourselves D.or; yourself
12.D
【详解】
句意:孩子们,吃点鱼和肉吧。
考查代词辨析。you你,你们,主格;ourselves我们自己;yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己。根据“children”可知,此处是让孩子们随便吃,children对应的反身代词是yourselves。故选D。
13.C
【详解】
句意:别担心。我们足够大能够照顾好自己。
考查代词辨析和反身代词。myself我自己;me我;ourselves我们自己;us我们。根据“We’re old enough to look after...”可知,足够大能够照顾好自己,用反身代词,本句主语是we,故选C。
14.B
【详解】
句意:——我亲爱的孩子们,请随便吃点鱼。——谢谢。
考查反身代词。yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己,yourself的复数;you你(们),主格;yours你(们)的东西,名词性物主代词。此处是固定搭配,help oneself to“自用;自取所需”,又根据“kids”可知,这里用复数yourselves。故选B。
15.B
【分析】
【详解】
句意:——蛋糕尝起来很好吃。谁做的?——Ben做的。没人教他,他自学的。
考查人称代词用法。he他,主格;him他,宾格;himself他自己,反身代词。taught动词,后接人称代词宾格;by oneself表示“靠自己”。故选B。
16.D
【详解】
句意:当你骑自行车的时候要小心点,否则你可能伤到自己。
考查连词和反身代词。but但是;and和;so因此;or否则;oneself自己;yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己。这是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构,陈述句“you may hurt”表示的内容为前面祈使句内容的相反的结果,表达“否则你会弄伤你自己”用连词“or”。根据“Be careful when you are riding”可知第二空表达“伤了你自己”用“hurt yourself”。故选D。
愿君皆有所获,皆有所得