高考英语写作模板与训练
图片预览
文档简介
二、文体写作一点通
(一)应用文
应用文是一种常见的文体。在日常生活、学习和工作中,个人与个人之间的交往,个人与集体之间的联系,集体与集体之间的往来,都需要用文字进行交流,这种用于交流的文章称为应用文。应用文的语言必须平实、准确、简洁,格式规范,结构严谨,信息真实。
应用文的种类繁多,如书信、通知、发言稿、演讲稿、日记、广告、海报、电子邮件、寻物启事、招领启事、邀请函等。从近几年的高考书面表达可以发现,在每年的高考题中,应用文占相当大的比例。2010年的18套试卷中有12套考查了应用文;2011年的18套试卷中有9套考查了应用文,2012年的18套试卷中有10套考查了应用文,其中书信、电子邮件是应用文中最常见的写作体裁,也是高考中最频繁的写作内容,其次是通知、发言稿、演讲稿、日记等。
下面着重讲解书信、电子邮件等常见应用文体的写作技巧:
1.书信
书信是人们进行书面交流的文体,主要包括私人信件、公务信函。英文书信大致分为私人信件(Personal letter)和业务信件(Business letter)两类。前者通常指私人间来往的信件;后者指单位与单位或单位与个人之间,因接洽工作而来往的信件,主要包括商业信函、求职信、推荐信、感谢信、请柬等。
英文书信格式通常包括以下六个部分:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语和签名六个部分。高考中的书信,信的开头和结尾一般在题目中都已经给出,只要求学生写出正文。
正文的内容可以是记述一件事情、讨论一些问题、说明某个事理、解释某个原因等,究其实质,就是记叙文、说明文、议论文在实际生活中的应用。
1.书信常用开头语:
①Thank you for your letter dated July 2,2012.
感谢你2012年7月2日的来信。
②Many thanks for your letter of September 5,2012.
多谢你2012年9月5日的信。
③In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say...
对于你7月4日的来信,我想说……
④What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!
收到你5月5日的来信真是一件乐事!
⑤It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.
看到你隽秀的字迹总是让我兴奋不已。
⑥With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that...
从你这个周日的来信中我高兴地得知……
⑦I am very much pleased to inform you that...
我很高兴地通知你……
⑧How is everything with you lately?
最近一切可好?
⑨I wish to apply for the teaching position you are offering.
我想申请你们提供的教师职位。
⑩Thank you for your warm congratulations.
感谢你的热烈的祝贺。
2.信中词:
①tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事
②get information about...得到关于……信息
③express one’s idea(feelings)in English
用英语表达自己的思想(情感)
④explain sth.to sb.向某人解释某事
⑤write sb.a letter saying...给某人写信说……
⑥thank you for...感谢你……
⑦hear from sb.收到某人的来信
⑧talk about/of sth.谈论某事
3.结束语:
①Awaiting your good news./We await your good news.
②Looking forward to your early reply.
③Hoping to hear from you soon.
④We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
⑤Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
⑥Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.
⑦Please let us know if you want more information.
⑧Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other question I’d be happy to help.
⑨I hope you always enjoy yourself.
(1) 投诉信模板
Dear ,?
①I am (自我介绍).②I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about (投诉事件).?
③The reason for my dissatisfaction is (总体介绍).④In the first place, (抱怨的第一个方面).⑤In addition, (抱怨的第二个方面).⑥ Under these circumstances,I find it (感觉)to (抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).?
⑦I’d appreciate it very much if you could (提出建议和请求),preferably (进一步的要求),and I would like to have this matter settled by (设定解决事情最后期限).⑧Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(2) 建议信模板
Dear ,?
①I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to (引出对方需要建议的主题).?
Here are a few suggestions.②First,it is important to (建议一).③Then,it also helps to (建议二).④Besides,it should be a good idea to (建议三).⑤You can also (根据要求用不同的句式提出建议).?
⑥As to (其他的建议),⑦I suggest (需要具体到某一方面).⑧In addition, (其他的建议).⑨I’m sure (预测可能的结果,给对方以行动的信心和决心).?
⑩I hope you will find my suggestions useful and I’m looking forward to (表达愿望).?
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
(3)祝贺信模板
Dear ,?
① I have learned with delight that you (祝贺事由).②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on (祝贺事由).③You must be (被祝贺人的心情).④And I feel very happy for you.?
⑤ (所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news!⑥I know this is surely owing to (被祝贺人过去的努力).⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your (被祝贺人的优点).?
⑧Kindly let me know when you (咨询对方何时有空).⑨I hope (表达自己的愿望).⑩My best wishes for your further success.?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【实例1】 (2012四川)
假如你是大学一年级新生李华。开学之初,你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况,并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。
1.对英语学习的认识;
2.自己目前的英语水平;
3.自己英语学习存在的主要问题;
4.对英语教学的两点建议。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.信的开头和结尾已给出。
Dear Ms Li,
I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher.
?
?
?
Thank you!
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Ms Li,
I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher.
As the world is becoming a global village,English is getting more and more important,so mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.
My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart,and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.I really hope that you can give me good advice on how to memorize new words.Another suggestion is to give us more chances to practice speaking.I believe we can make much progress in English with your help.
Thank you!
Li Hua
【实例2】
假定你是李华,你的舍友经常有一些不为他人着想的行为,如其朋友经常来访吵闹,他经常晚上打电话,未经允许就用你的东西等。这些影响了你的学习。你不想再跟他住在一起,为此你向宿舍管理员写一封抱怨信,要求下学期搬到一间单人间里。(写信日期:2012/08/08)
One possible version:
Dear Sir or Madam,8th August,2012
I am Li Hua.I feel bad to trouble you,but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about my roommate.
The reason for my dissatisfaction with my present roommate is his inconsiderate behavior.For one thing,his friends are constantly visiting him,making a lot of noise;for another,he regularly makes calls at night.In addition,he often uses my things without asking for my permission.Under such circumstances,I find it difficult to concentrate on my lessons,and I am failing behind in my studies.
I’d appreciate it very much if you could arrange for me to move into a room of my own,where I will be free from these kinds of distractions.I would be very grateful if you could arrange a single room for me.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
2.电子邮件
随着Internet的普及,越来越多的人开始使用电子邮件进行交流。与书信比起来,电子邮件没有复杂的格式,只有称呼、正文、结束语、签名等,而内容则与书信没有区别。
1.称呼
电子邮件一般使用非正式的文体,称呼不像书信那样严格,朋友、同辈之间可以直呼其名,对于长辈可以加上头衔或者姓。
2.正文
正文是电子邮件的主体部分。可每段第一行右缩述,转行顶格,也可每行都顶格。
3.结束语
结束语(客套话)通常也很简明。常常只需一个词,如:“Thanks”,“Best”,“Cheers”,也可以用一般信函中的“Sincerely yours”或“Best regards”。
4.签名
直接写发件人的姓名即可。
①I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.
我写信是想问你下周能不能来.
②I was delighted to receive your e-mail.
收到你的邮件我很高兴。
③I cannot tell you how much your e-mail delighted me.
我无法表达你的来信使我多么高兴。
④I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.
我打算放弃目前的职位,以找到一个更有挑战性的机会。
⑤He is good at solving difficult problems with logical mind.
他善于用逻辑思维解决难题。
⑥It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn...
我十分高兴地获悉……
⑦Accept my heartiest congratulations.
接受我最衷心的祝贺。
⑧I wish/Let us wish you all the happiness in the world!
我祝愿/让我们祝愿你享有世界上的一切幸福!
⑨Thank you for contributing so much to the pleasure of our stay in...
感谢你为使我们在……的停留期间的愉快所做的一切。
(1)表示感谢的电子邮件模板
Dear ,?
① I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for (感谢的原因).②If it had not been for your assistance in (对方给予的具体帮助),I fear that I would have been (没有对方帮助时的后果).?
③Everyone agrees that it was you who (给出细节).?
④Again,I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(2)表示邀请的电子邮件模板
Dear ,?
①There will be a (内容)at/in (地点)on (时间).②We would be honored to have you there with us.?
③The occasion will start at (具体时间).④This will be followed by a (进一步的安排).⑤At around (时间), (另一个安排).?
⑥I really hope you can make it.⑦Reply,if you please before (通知你的最后期限).?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(3)表示请求的电子邮件模板
Dear ,?
①I am writing to formally request to (请求的内容).?
②The reason for is that (给出原因).③I ,so I (给出细节).?
④I would also like to request (提出进一步的要求).⑤ I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.?
⑥Thank you for your attention to these requests.⑦If you have any questions,do not hesitate to contact me at (电话号码).⑧I look forward to a favorable reply.?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(2012天津)
假设你是李津,你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化,特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2:00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示,用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件,邀请他一起观看演出。
*提出邀请并简述原因;
*提出观剧后活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)
*请求对方回复
注意:1.请使用规范英语,词数不少于100;
2.可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:越剧Shaoxing Opera
《梁山伯与祝英台》 Butterfly Lovers
天津大剧院Tianjin Grand Theater
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you.?
?
?
?
Yours,
Li Jin
One possible version:
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you.The famous Shaoxing Opera “Butterfly lovers” will be on show in Tianjin Grand Theatre at 2:00 pm on the 5th,August.It tells of a beautiful and sad tragedy love story in ancient China.The main characters,Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai,who love each other deeply,can’t become husband and wife when alive,and eventually living together as butterflies.
I know you’re really attached to traditional Chinese culture,especially drama,so it is a show you can’t miss.Would you like to enjoy the performance together? Maybe after that we can pay a visit to the nearby museums or galleries.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
3.日记
日记是用来叙述一天生活中发生的重要事情的文体,特别是那些具有教育意义和值得回忆、查阅或参考的事情,其素材应是最有趣或最有感受的一些事情。日记的写作手法灵活,形式多样,以记叙文或简单的议论文为体裁,字数不宜太多。
1.日记的格式
通常在左上角写星期几(Sunday,Monday,Tuesday等)。随后写日期,顺序可以是月、日、年(如August 5th,2012),也可以是日、月、年 (如5th August,2012)。月份常可写缩略式,如:Jan.,Oct.,Dec.等。在右上角写天气情况(如:rainy,sunny,cloudy,fine等),第二行开始写日记的正文。
2.日记的时态
记日记的时间,一般是当天晚上或第二天,所做的事情已经过去了,所以动词多用过去时态,间或用过去完成时和过去进行时。当表示习惯的动作、客观事实、普遍真理、名言或谚语时,要使用一般现在时。如果要发表自己的感想、打算或决心,可使用一般将来时。
3.表示天气状况的词语
fine晴天的;sunny阳光充足的,阳光明媚的;cloudy阴天的,多云的;hot炎热的;cold寒冷的;cool凉爽的;snowy下雪的;foggy雾的;rainy下雨的;warm暖和的;windy刮风的;stormy暴风
①It was a sunny day.那是个晴朗的日子。
②At last we got to the top of the mountain.
最后,我们到达了山顶。
③I was busy but happy today.
今天我很忙,却很高兴。
④We felt happy because we had done a good job.
我们都很高兴,因为我们做了一件好事。
⑤The students who are excellent at English took part in the contest.
那些擅长英语的学生参加了比赛。
⑥I am going to study hard and do good preparation for my future.
我打算好好学习为我的未来做好准备。
⑦What a significant day I had today!
我今天过得多么有意义啊!
⑧This afternoon my school held an English-speaking contest named “Challenging the Future” in the multi-fun_ction classroom.
今天下午,我们学校在多功能教室举办了题为“挑战未来”的英语演讲比赛。
⑨From this I realized that we shouldn’t waste our time of today and shouldn’t put today’s work off to tomorrow.
由此我意识到我们不应该浪费今天的时间,不应该把今天的事推到明天。
⑩Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不等人。
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
世上无难事,只怕有心人。
Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
对于记事式日记,考生需描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及结果,最后对事件进行简单分析。
对这类题型,通常分为三个步骤来写:
第一段:主题句
交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点。
第二段:具体描述
具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果。
第三段:对事件的分析和感受
【实例1】
假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华,校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来,向校报投稿。(2012北京)
注意:1.日记的开头已为你写好。
2.词数不少于60。
Saturday,June 2Fine
This morning,?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文:
Saturday,June 2Fine
This morning, when I was walking on the street,I saw that two travelers were reading a map,looking puzzled.It seemed they were lost.I went up to them and asked how I could help.They told me they were looking for the Temple of Heaven.I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No.20,which could take them there directly.They appreciated my help greatly.Before long,the bus came.We waved good-bye to each other.Seeing them on the bus,I felt a kind of satisfaction.
【实例2】
你10月15日(星期一)一天的活动安排如下,请根据此活动安排用英语写一篇日记。注意:词数100左右。
时间
地点
活动安排
8:00
校门口
欢迎德国学生(约30人) 到校参观访问
8:30—9:30
体育馆
联欢会(get-together),交换礼品
9:30—10:30
校园内
参观教学楼、实验楼、宿舍楼等
10:30—11:30
篮球场
友谊篮球赛
12:00
校门口
欢送德国学生离校
参考范文:
Oct,15th MondayFine
About thirty German students came to visit our school today.
We gathered at the school gate at 8 o’clock to give them a warm welcome.Then we had a get-together in the gymnasium.Our headmaster told them something about our school.And then we talked with each other and exchanged gifts.From nine thirty we showed them around our school.They visited our classroom buildings,the lab building,and the dormitories.A friendly basketball game started on the sports ground at ten thirty.At twelve o’clock all German students left our school.
What a busy and interesting day! We learnt a lot from each other.And most importantly,a deep and lasting friendship.
4.通 知
通知(Announcement)主要是上级对下级,组织对成员布置工作、传达精神或召开会议时所采用的一种文体。当然,同级的组织、单位有事情要互相讨论或协商,也可以互发通知。通知不同于其他文体如书信、日记等,语言要规范,切忌使用模糊不清的语言和俗语。时间、地点及有关事宜一定交代清楚。在通知中,被动语态使用较多,且多半用将来时态。
通知包括口头通知和书面通知两种:
(1) 口头通知
口头通知只是一种备用稿的形式,发通知的单位和日期都可以省略不写,开头往往要有称呼语,结尾通常也有结束语,在写口头通知的时候可加上标题(Announcement)。既然是口头通知,在语言上应尽可能口语化,如:There will be...;We’re going to...等。
口头通知在写作时,多用第二人称表示被通知的对象。
(2)书面通知
书面通知(Notice)是一种比较正式的通知,为了醒目起见,一般要有标题(NOTICE),要写明发通知的单位及日期,以便让有关人员一目了然。发通知的单位名称,应写在“Notice”一词上面,也可写在正文后面右下角。较正式的通知必须有单位负责人的署名,署名下面写上职务。发通知的日期,一般写在左下角,但有时可以省略。
写书面通知要力求简明扼要。常见的由以下五点组成,即时间,地点,事情,相关人员以及注意事项等。
书面通知的时态:常使用一般将来时和一般现在时。
书面通知的对象:一般采用第三人称。
口头通知通常使用下列句型:
1.称呼语:
①Boys and girls孩子们;
②Dear classmates亲爱的同学们;
③Ladies and gentlemen女士们,先生们。
2.正文开头:
①Attention,please.请注意。
②May I have your attention,please?请注意!
③Please be quiet.请安静一下。
④I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你们。
⑤I’ve got something important to announce/say.
我有重要的事要宣布(说)。
⑥I’ve got an announcement to make.
我有个通知。
⑦I’m glad to tell you that...
非常高兴地告诉你们……
3.结束语:
①Don’t be late.不要迟到了。
②Be sure not to be late.一定不要迟到。
③Please be present on time.一定要准时到场。
④Please take your notebooks with you and be on time.
请带着笔记准时到场。
⑤Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome.
我们将欢迎对此感兴趣的人。
⑥That’s all.Thank you.就这么多,非常感谢。
书面通知通常使用的语句有:
①Notice is given here that... 通知说……
②All of them are requested to note that...
通知要求所有的人注意……
③A report on computer will be given by Prof.Smith...
史密斯教授将给我们做一个关于计算机的报告……
④Class One and Class Two,Grade One will go to the Xishan Park to...
一年级一班和二班将到西山公园去……
⑤Please be there on time.请按时到那儿。
⑥Everybody is expected to attend…
希望所有的人都参加……
⑦The sports meet will be put off till...
运动会将推迟到……
1.口头通知模板
Greeting (Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen/Friends,)
May I have your attention,please? I have an announcement to make.
There will be (通知内容) in/at (地点、时间).The (内容).All the teachers and students are required (要求).?
That’s all.Thank you.
2.书面通知模板
Title (Notice/NOTICE)
In order to (目的), (活动/事件)will be held (具体地点、时间).The (事件大体内容).Those who (要求).?
All are welcome to join in the contest.
(发布通知者)?
(通知发布日期)?
【实例1】
为了进一步培养学生学习英语的兴趣,提高学生的口语水平,杭州九中邀请了上海外国语大学(Shanghai International Studies University)的李鸣教授(professor)进行有关如何提高口语的讲座。
时间:本周六下午1点
地点:学校报告厅(meeting hall)
欢迎同学们踊跃参加,报告结束后将放映英语电影。如你是班长,请用口头形式通知全班同学。
注意:
1.要求80词左右;
2.开头和结尾已写好,不计入总词数。
Attention,please,everyone!
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That’s all.Thank you!
One possible version:
Attention,please,everyone!
I have something to tell you.There will be a talk on a special topic in the school meeting hall at one o’clock this Saturday afternoon.It is about how to improve your spoken English.The speaker is Mr Li,a professor from English Department of Shanghai International Studies University.Welcome all the classmates to take an active part in it.After that an English film will be shown.Please be on time.
That’s all.Thank you.
【实例2】
最近你校成立了“集邮俱乐部”,下面是有关报名和第一次活动的安排。请你以学生会的名义写一则书面通知。
报名
时间
下周星期一至星期五
地点
2号楼312房间登记(register)
第一次活动
时间
12月19日下午4:30
地点
学校会议室
内容
1.开幕式(opening ceremony)
2.邮票展览,并提供最新邮票
3.讲座:新中国邮票史
参考范文:
Notice
You’re welcome to join the Stamp Collecting Club,which has been set up in our school.All the students who want to join the club may register in Room 312,No.2 Building from next Monday to Friday.
The opening ceremony of the club will be held at 4:30 p.m.on December 19 in our school meeting room.After the ceremony we are going to have a stamp show and a lecture on the history of stamp collecting in new China.The club has decided to supply the members of the club with the latest stamps.
The Students’ Union
5.发言稿
发言稿是在公共场所向一群人宣告某事件的文稿。发言稿可以分为欢迎辞、欢送辞、演讲稿、倡议书等形式。
1.格式:发言稿一般由三部分组成:开头语、正文和结束语。开头语一般来说比较简单,目的就是要吸引听众或读者的注意力。
2.结构:正文是发言稿的主体部分,主要是提供论点和相关的论据等,论点要明确,论据要充分有力。为了使发言稿的结构清晰明了,一般采用分段的方式将缘由和结果或要求表达出来。
3.语言:发言稿以简单句为主要的表达形式。同时,发言稿的语言必须有感染力,常使用祈使句、感叹句、强调句等句式来达到这种目的。写作时要注意适当地使用关联词承前启后,用词要得体,符合语言环境。
4.时态:时态一般以将来时为主,但介绍已发生的情况或发出倡议的背景时也可以使用一般过去时、一般现在时或现在进行时。
①It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.
站在这里发表演讲,我非常荣幸。
②I’m very glad to have a chance here to make a speech on....
在此做有关……的演讲我感到很高兴。
③Today we are having a party here to....
今天我们在此开晚会来……
④It gives us great pleasure to get together,with a guest from the United States of America.和来自美国的朋友相聚我们感到非常荣幸。
⑤Welcome to our city.Now let me introduce...to you.
欢迎来到我们城市。现在让我来向您介绍……
⑥I think it is a good opportunity for us to talk with Mr.Smith.If you have any questions on learning English,please feel free to ask him for help.
我认为和史密斯先生进行交谈对我们来说是一个很好的机会。如果你们有关于英语学习的任何问题,主动地向他寻求帮助。
Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen,
It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.My name is (自我介绍).The topic of my speech is (发言主题).?
To begin with,many people suggest that...Secondly...Thirdly... .(话题或现象列举).?
What I want to stress is that (重申主题).For one thing...For another...Besides...(原因或重要性列举).In a word, (总结).?
Thank you (for your listening).
在我们的生活和学习中,与人合作是非常重要的。请你根据下表中所提供的信息,写一篇题为“Cooperate with others”的英文演讲稿。
为何与人合作
1.可以高效地完成任务;
2.可以节省时间和精力;
3.可以从合作者身上学到很多。
与谁合作
与喜欢的人合作
心情愉快,一起分享工作中的快乐和痛苦。
与不喜欢的人合作
能挑战自己与他人相处的能力。此外,关注工作比关注他人更重要。
怎样做一个好的合作者
请你发表自己的观点……(至少2点看法)
注意:1.对所给要点,逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。
2.词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数。
3.演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
参考词汇:合作者partner
Good afternoon,everyone!
The topic of my speech today is“Cooperate with others”.
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Thank you for your listening!
参考范文:
Good afternoon,everyone!
The topic of my speech today is“Cooperate with others”.
In our daily life and study,if we want to accomplish our work efficiently,we must all learn to cooperate with others.Cooperation can save us a lot of time and energy.Additionally,we can learn much from our partners by cooperating with them.
When we cooperate with someone we like,we will feel very happy.We can share our pleasure (joys) and sadness (sorrows) with him.But it challenges us to get along with others to cooperate with someone we dislike (hate).Besides/Moreover/What’s more,we should focus on our work,instead of(rather than)our partners.Perhaps in working together with him for a long time,we’ll learn (find out) that he is a man to get along well with.
How can we become a good partner? In my opinion,we should try to listen to others.If they make mistakes,we also try to point them out.Besides,we mustn’t embarrass others to make them in unfavorable position.
Thank you for your listening!
6.启事
启事(Notice)是一种公告式应用文,多为机关、单位或个人就某事需要公开向大家说明或希望大家协助而写的。启事多张贴于公开场所,或登在报刊上,或通过广播电台播送、电视台播映。
启事使用范围广泛,有征文启事、招聘启事、招领启事、寻物启事、寻人启事、遗失启事、征婚启事等等。启事种类繁多,内容广泛,但其书写格式基本相同。通常包括:
(1)标题;(2)正文;(3)结尾;(4)落款
①I happened to find a purse on my way to school.
在上学的路上我碰巧捡到一个钱夹。
②I lost a bag on the ground because of carelessness.
由于粗心,我在操场上丢了一个包。
③There is a pocket radio and some change in the handbag.
手提包里有一个袖珍收音机和一些零花钱。
④My telephone number is 0755-3319582.
我的电话号码是0755-3319582。
⑤I’ll be very thankful and pay you for it.
我将非常感激,并予以重谢。
⑥I found an electronic dictionary at the school gate.
本人在校门口捡到一个电子词典。
⑦I left my brown case in the reading room.
我把棕色的包忘在阅览室里了。
⑧I wonder if I can get some help from you.
不知能否得到您的帮助。
⑨The owner of the wallet may contact me now.
钱夹的主人可以现在和我联系。
⑩Somebody who lost the purse is expected to come to get it.
希望丢钱包的人前来认领。
(1)招领启事
FOUND
I happened to find (所拾到的物品名称) in/at (拾到物品的地点),which (所拾到的这个物品的特征).Loser is expected to (招领处)to claim it.?
(署名)?
(2) 遗物启事
LOST
I lost (丢失物品)when I was (时间)at/in (地点).It is (特征).There are (内有物品).Will the finder please send it to (失主所在地)??
Thanks a lot./I will be deeply grateful if you do so.
(3)招聘启事
Wanted
We need (招聘的人).We (简介职责、工作条件或环境).We (要求条件).?
This is a very good opportunity for you,and we (待遇).?
Please call or fax and tell us about yourself!
Contact: ?
Address: ?
Tel: ?
Fax: ?
E-mail: ?
请你根据以下要点,拟一则给女儿请家教的招聘启事。
1.家教老师 (英语) 必须是一位女性,年龄30岁左右;
2.必须具有教课经历,并且有耐心和信心;
3.工作时间是每周星期六、星期日,每天8小时,待遇丰厚;
4.联系电话:8101688。
参考范文:
Help Wanted
I want a woman English teacher aged about 30 to teach my daughter at home.If you are or used to be a teacher as well as have patience and confidence,you are my best choice.
You should work at my home from Saturday to Sunday,8 hours per day.Of course,you may stay up for the night,if you like.In spite of this,you are sure to get good wages.
What do you think of it? You are welcome to call 8101688 at any time except at night.
(二)记叙文
记叙文是以记叙和描述为主,以记人、叙事为主要内容的一种文体,叙述人们的经历或事物的发展变化过程。
(1)写作特点
和汉语文章一样,英语记叙文同样具备六大要素,即时间、地点、人物、原因、经过和结果。写记叙文时,要交代清楚时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和事件(what),然后再进一步叙述事件(what)、原因(why)和结果(how)等要素。记叙文的命题形式主要是提纲式和图画式。写作时,时间、地点、人物等要素一般会出现在题目提示或图画中,有时也会出现有关要素不确定的情况。
(2)写作技巧
记叙文的写作顺序主要包括顺叙、倒叙和插叙,常考的有顺叙和倒叙两种。顺叙是指按照事件发生、发展的先后顺序进行写作,而倒叙则是指将某些后发生的细节,甚至是事件的结果先提到前面叙述,这样可以起到引人入胜的效果。
正确把握文章的时态,这是最基本也是最重要的要求之一。记叙文的时态要视文章的题材而定。如故事类的文章,常以过去时态为主;描述一种常见的社会现象、自然现象等常用现在时态;而叙述未发生的、计划中的一些事件,要以将来时态为主。
①In the early spring the scenery is very beautiful.
初春的景色分外美丽。
②Last week I was so burdened with homework that now I was delighted to be having an outing.
上周我的作业负担太重了,以至于现在我很高兴出去游玩一次。
③Till late into the night I couldn’t fall asleep,thinking about the happiness I had in the day.
夜很深了,想着白天的快乐时光,我还不能入睡。
④It was a very relaxing Sunday.这是一个很轻松的星期日。
⑤We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.
我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。
⑥There are a lot of activities at the beach.海滨有很多活动。
⑦Autumn is rich with fruit and grain.
秋天是瓜果飘香的季节。
⑧On the top of the mountain we enjoyed the fascinating view and had a picnic.
在山顶我们饱览秀丽风光,品尝美味野餐。
⑨At about three o’clock we danced our way down the hill with joy in our hearts.
下午三点左右,我们欢呼雀跃着下山了。
⑩Attracted by the beautiful scenery,I quickly climbed up the east slope to enjoy the natural view.
我被这迷人的景色所吸引,迅速爬上东面的山坡去享受这大自然的美景。
记叙文通常分为三段来写:
第一段:总结描述,交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点;
第二段:具体描述,具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果;
第三段:对事件的分析。(本段可视写作要点及需要进行取舍)。
【实例1】(2012江苏)
生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执,导致关系紧张。请你结合此事,并根据以下提示,用英语写一篇短文,向学校英文报“Happy Teens”专栏投稿。
简要描述事情的经过
打篮球、碰撞、争执,等等
分析发生冲突的原因
1.遇事不够冷静
2.……
谈谈避免冲突的做法
(请考生根据自己的经历或感想,提出至少两种做法)
注意: 1.对所有要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。
2.词数150 左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.?
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参考范文:
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon,Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other,trying to catch the ball.Then they started shouting and yelling,and it turned into a horrible quarrel.
To be honest,it was Su Hua’s fault but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things.They cared too much about winning and losing.As a matter of fact,blocking,pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.
To avoid such conflicts,we should be kind to one another,which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget,especially in such a competitive and stressful society.Instead of blaming each other,we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
Don’t be self-centered and try to be considerate.We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.
【实例2】
下面的表格提供了一次交通事故的情况,请以A Traffic Accident为标题写一篇报道。
时间
上星期天上午9:30
地点
新华路第二个十字路口
事故
一位老太太被一位年轻人骑车撞倒,受伤严重
原因
年轻人闯红灯
结果
有人打电话给急救中心,不久救护车赶到,把老太太送去医院
事故给你的启发
注意:1.词数:80~120
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇:救护车ambulance;急救中心First Aid Centre
参考范文:
A Traffic Accident
Last Sunday,an old lady aged about seventy was badly hurt in a traffic accident at the second crossing of Xinhua Road.It was 9:30 a.m.and there were many cars in the street at that time.The old lady was crossing the street when a young man riding a bicycle rushed up and knocked her down.
The accident happened so suddenly that it had been some time before the other people in the street understood what was happening.The old lady was badly hurt and couldn’t move at all.Someone called the First Aid Center and soon some doctors came in their ambulance and carried the lady to the hospital.The police said that it was the young man’s fault because he didn’t stop his bike when the traffic lights were red.
In my opinion,it is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.
(三)说明文
说明文是指说明事物的情况或道理的文章,目的是介绍某一方面的知识。说明文一般分为三种类型:实体说明文,即说明书、广告、解说词等;事理说明文,即理论性概念解释、报刊简介等。
写作特点
说明文的特点是融知识性、科学性和准确性于一体。写好说明文的关键是抓住事物的特征,安排好说明顺序,即时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序(先因后果或先果后因),让读者一目了然。
说明文的写作应该注意以下几点:
(1)语言简明扼要,通俗易懂,避免夸张华丽的辞藻,要把真实的一面展现出来。
(2)说明时一定要把握一个中心主题。说明文中细枝末节较多,但不能喧宾夺主。
(3)说明的次序非常重要。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚,脉络明晰。因此,练习时可以尝试用不同的次序进行写作,找出最合理的一种。
(4)由于说明文写实性较强,有时难免会让人感到没有生气。因此,可以适当使用一些比喻、拟人等修辞手段,来增加文章的色彩。
近几年,图表说明文和文字提示说明文也逐渐成为高考的重点和热点。由于客观事物是复杂的,要说清楚客观事物的特征及其相互关系,只用某一种说明方法是不能独立完成的,所以要根据实际情况综合运用多种说明方法,以便从不同角度、不同方面全面、完整地介绍说明对象,从而增强表达效果。
①Our library is in the center of the school.There is a beautiful garden in front of it and our classroom building is right behind it.
我们的图书馆位于学校的中心,前面有一个漂亮的花园,后面是教学大楼。
②Our library is open from 9 a.m.to 7 p.m.from Monday to Friday and closed on weekends.
图书馆开门时间是周一至周五上午9点至下午7点,周末关门。
③According to the rule,every student can borrow as many as 5 books each time and keep them for ten days.
根据规定,每个学生一次可以借5本书,可以看10天。
④Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes,of which the water is clear and looks colorful.
九寨沟以美丽的湖泊而闻名,湖水清澈,流光溢彩。
⑤As we can see,most of the students in the picture are wearing glasses.
正如我们所看见的,图片中大部分学生都戴着眼镜。
⑥Protecting one’s eyesight is not only a personal concern but also a public one.
保护视力不仅是个人关注的事情,而且也是需要公众关注的事情。
⑦The first/second thing we can do is to...
我们能够做的第一件事/第二件事是……
⑧Recently a survey has been done to...
最近为了……而做了一项调查……
第一段,总体介绍(包括要说明事物的外貌、特点、性能等)。
例如:Senior high school students are having a new course called General Technology.
第二段,具体说明,可列举一些典型事例。
例如:All Senior Two students should learn such a course,by which students can achieve a lot.First...Second...
第三段,总结评价(包括喜爱、夸赞等情感)。
例如:They enjoy it mainly because the course is closely related to everyday life.
从去年开始,高中学生有了一门新的课程——《通用技术》(General Technology)。请你给某英文报纸写一份120词左右(不含已经给出的首句词数)的通讯稿,介绍这一课程及其实施情况。内容要点如下:
1.对象:高二学生
2.目的:培养基本技能,提高设计能力
3.要求:(1) 能使用不同类型的常见工具,修理、设计和制作一些物品。
(2) 毕业前通过书面测试。
4.同学们的反响、体会或评价。
参考范文:
Senior high school students are having a new course called General Technology.The course,which has been introduced to all Senior 2 students,aims to teach pupils basic technical skills and improve their designing abilities.
The course requires students to use various types of common tools safely.Some basic life skills,such as repairing or washing clothes,are also included in the lectures.However,more importantly,they are expected to be able to design and make an item that is useful in their lives.They also have to attend a written test for the course before graduation.
As it’s totally different from those traditional courses,the course is very popular with students.They enjoy it mainly because the course is closely related to everyday life.
(四)议论文
议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体,它通过摆事实、讲道理的方式来辨明是非曲直,从而表达出作者的观点。
1.议论文的特点
构成议论文的三要素为论点、论据和论证。论点要明确,论据要充分,论证要严谨。近几年,高考英语议论文要求学生能针对某一现象或观点发表自己的见解。将叙述、描写、说明等手法结合到议论中,而且要将记叙和描写运用于论据中,为论点提供依据;用说明为议论的展开创造条件,或为议论作补充。
2.议论文写作的分段:
为了使议论文结构严谨,思路清晰,通常采用三段式论证法:
第一段:提出论点;
第二段:运用论据对论点进行(正、反两方面的)论证;
第三段:根据论证得出相应的结论。
(1)第一段——提出问题,引导下文围绕论点展开讨论:
①There are different opinions among people as to...;Some people suggest that.../People’s opinions about...vary from person to person;Some people say that...
关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
②Today...which have brought a lot of harm in our daily life.First,...Second,...What makes things worse is that...
现在……它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先……其次……更为糟糕的是……
③Nowadays,it is common to...;Many people like...because...Besides...
现在,……很普遍。许多人喜欢……因为……另外(而且)……
(2)第二段——分析问题,用论据来论证观点:
①On the contrary,there are some people in favor of...At the same time,they say...
相反,有一些人赞成……同时,他们说……
②But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve...For example...Worst of all...
但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……最糟糕的是……
③However,just like everything has both its good and bad sides...also has its own disadvantages,such as...
然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,……也有它不利的一面,像……
④I fully agree with the opinion (statement)that...,because...
我完全同意……这种观点(陈述),因为……
(3)第三段——得出结论:
①As far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.
就我而言,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点。
②In a word,the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of...Only in this way can we...in the future.
总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……问题。只有这样,我们才能在将来……
③In my opinion,I think it necessary to...
依我看,我认为有必要……
④From what has been discussed above,we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...
综上所述,我们可以合理地得出结论……
1.论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法
The topic of (主题) is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides of opinions about it.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of (支持A的理由一).What’s more, (理由二).Moreover, (理由三).?
While others think that B is a better choice for the following three reasons.Firstly, (支持B的理由一).Secondly/Besides, (理由二).Thirdly/Finally, (理由三).?
From my point of view,I think (我的观点).The reason is that (原因).As a matter of fact,there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me,the former is surely a wise choice.?
2.给出一个观点,要求反对这一观点
Some people believe that (观点一).For example,they think (举例说明).And it will bring them (为他们带来的好处).?
As for me,I hold the opposite opinion.For one thing, (反对该看法的理由一).For another, (反对的理由二).?
From all what I have said,I agree to the thought that (我对文章所讨论主题的看法).?
3.不同观点列举型 (选择型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that (作文话题).But it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.A majority of people think that (观点一).In their view,there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows:In the first place, (原因一).Furthermore/In the second place, (原因二).So it goes without saying that (观点一).?
People,however,differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that (观点二).In their point of view,on the one hand, (原因一).On the other hand, (原因二).Therefore,there is no doubt that (观点二).?
As far as I am concerned,I firmly support the view that (观点一或二).?
4.阐述主题型
The good old proverb (名言或谚语) reminds us that (释义).Indeed,we can learn many things from it.?
First of all, (理由一).For example, (举例说明).Secondly, (理由二).Another case is that (举例说明).Furthermore, (理由三).?
In my opinion, (我的观点).In short,whatever you do,please remember the saying.If you understand and apply it to your study or work,you’ll benefit a lot from it.?
【实例1】(2011江西)
假设你是星光中学的李华,将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿,主要内容包括:
1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题;
2.骑自行车的益处,如节能环保、有利健康等。
参考词汇:低碳生活(low-carbon life);节能(energy saving)
注意:1.词数:120左右;
2.演讲稿开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Good morning,everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.?
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Thank you!
参考范文:
Good morning,everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.?
As is known to all,with the improvement of people’s living standards,cars have become a popular means of transport,bringing great convenience to our life.However,they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams.
How can we solve the problems then? As far as I’m concerned,riding bicycles is a good solution.For one thing,bicycles don’t need any petrol and they are energy-saving.For another,bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t give off waste gas.What’s more,riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health.
Therefore,let’s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles.Come on and join us!
Thank you!
【实例2】
目前,越来越多的中学生利用周末上各种各样的培训班或请家教。对于这一现象,存在两种不同观点。请你根据下表提示,以Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?为题写一篇短文,反映表中内容,并简要阐述自己的观点。
有些人认为有必要
另一些人认为没有必要
1.跟老师学比自己学好;
2.可以巩固课堂所学内容;
3.可以学到更多的东西。
1.容易养成依赖习惯;
2.学生需要时间休息;
3.许多培训班和家教以赢利为目的。
要求:1.层次清晰,连贯流畅;表达灵活,但不要逐字逐句翻译。
2.词数:120左右。
Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?
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One possible version:
Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?
More and more middle school students are going to all kinds of training classes or having family teachers at the weekend.There are two different viewpoints about it.
Some think it necessary.Firstly,it’s more effective to study with a teacher than by themselves.Secondly,it can strengthen what is learnt in class.Besides,they can learn a lot more.Others think it unnecessary.For one thing,students can easily form the habit of dependence.For another,students need time to relax from time to time.What’s more,the purpose of many training classes and teachers is to make money.
In my opinion,whether a training class or family teacher is needed just depends.If you are really very weak at or interested in a certain subject,maybe it’s OK for you.But be sure to choose a good and suitable class or teacher,otherwise it would be a waste of time and money.
Passage 1
请根据下面提示写一篇短文,简要介绍网络红人朱之文。
要点:1.一位勤劳的农民、才华横溢的歌唱家,轰动了全世界;
2.出身贫寒,几乎没有受过正规的学校教育;
3.对音乐十分痴迷。不论风雨严寒,坚持在当地的小树林里纵情歌唱;
4.心地善良,扶危济困。对动物情有独钟,所养的鸡、鹅也是他的忠实听众;
5.他的毅力和决心终于有了回报——继英国版的“苏珊大妈”之后,他获得了中国“苏珊大叔”的称号。
要求:1.100词左右。
2.参考词汇:苏珊大妈Aunt Susan
苏珊大叔Uncle Susan
One possible version:
Zhu Zhiwen,a diligent farmer and brilliant singer,is really a hit throughout the world.Born in a poor family,he received almost no school education at all.However,he has wildly devoted himself to music.Regardless of wind,rain or cold,he has been practicing singing in the local forest.In addition to his devotion to music,he is also kind-hearted.Not only is he ready to help those in trouble,but also he has a great passion for animals.The hens and geese in his courtyard become his devoted audience.His persistence and determination have paid off with a famous title—the Chinese “Uncle Susan”,named after the English “Aunt Susan”.
Passage 2
假如你是校报负责人,急需在学校内聘一位同学任英文版的编辑,请你用英文以“An English Editor Wanted”为题目写一则招聘启事。内容要点如下:
工作
内容
1.从英文报刊杂志及互联网上选择适合学生的文章;
2.选择并编辑同学们的来稿。
对应聘
者要求
1.乐意奉献出一些业余时间为同学们服务;
2.英文与美术皆好,能熟练使用电脑;
3.感兴趣的同学需在本周内与学生会(Students’ Union)联系。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.不要逐字翻译,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。
An English Editor Wanted
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One possible version:
An English Editor Wanted
Our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.The job mainly includes two parts:One is to choose proper English articles from other newspapers,magazines or the Internet for us students.The other is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use.
We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements:First,he/she is willing to devote some of the spare time to serving others.Second,it’s necessary for him/her to be good at both English and fine art.Needless to say that the ability to use the computer is important as well.
Those who are interested in the job,please get in touch with the Students’ Union this week.
Students’ Union
Passage 3
假如你是英国的Mike,你的朋友李华打算到国外留学,他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐。请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信:
1.语言是道硬门槛;
2.适应能力很重要;
3.兴趣爱好被看重;
4.要有社会责任感。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结束语已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Li Hua,
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Yours,
Mike
One possible version:
Dear Li Hua,
I’m glad to hear that you want to study abroad in your letter.Here is what I know about what kind of Chinese students are favored in foreign colleges and universities.
As far as I know,the language ability is essential,which helps you communicate with others and makes it easier for you to understand the courses.Besides,you should have the ability to adapt quickly to the new environment.What’s more,your interest is valued as well,for it has a lot to do with success.Last but not least,those who are willing to shoulder social responsibility are especially respected and welcomed.
This is some of my advice and I hope it can be of some help to you.May you succeed! Best wishes and good luck.
Yours,
Mike
Passage 4
高校扩招是目前的热点话题,人们对此褒贬不一。请你用英语写一篇短文,介绍人们的不同观点,并表达自己的看法。
赞成的理由
反对的理由
你的看法
①普及大众教育
②缓解升学压力
①教学质量堪忧
②就业形势严峻
注意:1.文章必须包括表中的全部内容;
2.词数120左右;
3.参考词汇:大学扩招college enrollment expansion
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One possible version:
As is known to all,more and more students are able to go to college these days.Some people think it’s good for the public to enjoy higher education.More importantly,students won’t have so much pressure as before since they have more chances to study in the university.
On the other hand,others are worried about the teaching quality.With the quantity increased,the quality of education is threatened.What’s worse,it will be much harder for graduates to find a good job in the future,because they don’t have competitive advantages over others.
In my opinion,the college enrollment expansion is good for the progressing and civilization of society.But colleges should answer for their graduates.After all,quality is more important than quantity.
Passage 5
假设你是中学生李华,高中毕业后想到美国某大学留学。该校校长Mr.Smith向你了解中国大学毕业生择业的意向。请你根据这份图表提供的信息,用英语给他写一封回信。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.包括图表所显示的主要内容;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,但不计入总词数。
参考词汇:公务员public servant;图表chart
Dear Mr.Smith,
Thanks for your letter.It was wonderful to hear from you.
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I hope it can be of some use to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Mr.Smith,
Thanks for your letter.It was wonderful to hear from you.
When it comes to what kinds of jobs young college graduates want to be engaged in,their choices vary a bit.To begin with,more than 35% of the boys prefer to get work in the government,with about 25% of the girls wanting to become public servants.Their second choice is to be teachers,working in colleges or high schools.About 35% of the girls and about 28% of the boys want to be devoted to teaching.Apart from that,over 15% of the boys and about 14% of the girls want to set themselves up as businessmen,setting up their own companies.While more than 10% of the boys and about 10% of the girls are interested in scientific research,still another about 10% of the boys and about 18% of the girls say they want to be doctors.Less than 5% of the boys and about 5% of the girls want to do other jobs.Such are the job preferences of college graduates.
I hope it can be of some use to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
Passage 6
据一项调查显示,有85%的中学生说自己的字写得不好看,而他们又不想改善它,其理由有很大差别。请根据下图内容写一篇短文,说明该现象并发表看法。
注意:词数100~120 (开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Nowadays,with the growing popularity of computers,more and more people are paying less and less attention to their handwriting.
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One possible version:
Nowadays,with the growing popularity of computers,more and more people are paying less and less attention to their handwriting.
According to a recent survey,about 85 percent of middle school students think that their handwriting is poor.Yet for various reasons,many students don’t want to improve their handwriting.51.5 percent of them think that they can just use a computer,so there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting,and 32.3 percent believe that they are so busy with the study that they do not have time to practice.10.9 percent think that practicing handwriting is useless.The rest have other reasons.
As the saying goes,writing style shows the man.Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial,especially for middle school students.Therefore,in my opinion,more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.
Passage 7
下面的图表显示了某校高三学生周末放假时的学习生活情况。
根据上图信息,请以“Ways to spend the weekend”为题,用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求如下:
1.简要描述图中的信息;
2.说明原因(适当休息,提高学习成绩,锻炼身体);
3.谈谈你的看法。
注意:文章标题和开头已给出(不计入总词数)。
Ways to spend the weekend
As can be seen from the chart,?
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One possible version:
Ways to spend the weekend
As can be seen from the chart, Senior Three students have different ways to spend their weekends.60% of the students would like to go back home to have a good rest while 25% of them choose to study at school.Only 15% of them take outdoor activities.
Various reasons are responsible for their choices.Some think a good rest can help them relax and work more efficiently during the next week.Others hold that taking exercise is a healthy way to refresh themselves.Still others tend to stay at school to make use of every minute to study.
Personally,we students should not devote all our time to study.A good rest and proper exercise are of vital importance to our health.
Passage 8
下图描绘了当前一个常见的社会生活情景。请按照下面要求写一篇英语作文。
内容包括:
1.描述图画中反映的现象;
2.分析出现这种现象的原因;
3.针对这种现象发表个人评论。
注意:1.词数100左右;2.可增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇:旁观者 onlooker
One possible version:
The picture describes a common phenomenon in China.When an old man fell down on the ground and cried for help,many people present were unwilling to lend a helping hand.What a sad scene!
There are several reasons that the onlookers didn’t want to offer their help.First,they were afraid that it may cause some trouble because the old man might accuse them of knocking him down.Second,they were not sure whether the old man really needed someone to help or he fell down on purpose.Besides,they thought it was better to mind their own business.
As far as I am concerned,all of us need others’ help.If we don’t help the old today,no one will help us when we get old.So helping others means helping ourselves.
Passage 9
请简要描述漫画内容,并结合生活实际,就漫画的主题发表自己的看法。
注意:词数100左右。
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One possible version:
In the picture,a crying child is practicing playing the piano,sitting on his parents who are in rags.The father looks very painful and there’s much sweat running down.
Parents are willing to do everything for their children.However,do they really understand their children? Must they force the young to do what they don’t like in the name of love?
In my opinion,parents should respect their children’s feelings and interests.There is no point in producing pain for both sides.
Passage 10
请简要描述漫画内容,并结合生活实际,就漫画的主题发表自己的看法。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.参考词汇:醉酒驾驶drunk driving
One possible version:
It’s generally believed that nothing in the world is more precious than life.You can’t help pitying and complaining after you look at the picture,especially the second scene in which the driver’s mother is crying sadly over her son’s death because of his drunk driving.
Recently,drunk driving becomes a hot topic.It’s said that the number of people who die each year due to drunk driving in our country is much higher than a modern war.Fortunately,the government has taken plenty of measures on drunk driving,which helps prevent such dangerous behavior in a way.Most importantly,in my opinion,drivers themselves should realize the importance of giving up drunk driving.
(一)应用文
应用文是一种常见的文体。在日常生活、学习和工作中,个人与个人之间的交往,个人与集体之间的联系,集体与集体之间的往来,都需要用文字进行交流,这种用于交流的文章称为应用文。应用文的语言必须平实、准确、简洁,格式规范,结构严谨,信息真实。
应用文的种类繁多,如书信、通知、发言稿、演讲稿、日记、广告、海报、电子邮件、寻物启事、招领启事、邀请函等。从近几年的高考书面表达可以发现,在每年的高考题中,应用文占相当大的比例。2010年的18套试卷中有12套考查了应用文;2011年的18套试卷中有9套考查了应用文,2012年的18套试卷中有10套考查了应用文,其中书信、电子邮件是应用文中最常见的写作体裁,也是高考中最频繁的写作内容,其次是通知、发言稿、演讲稿、日记等。
下面着重讲解书信、电子邮件等常见应用文体的写作技巧:
1.书信
书信是人们进行书面交流的文体,主要包括私人信件、公务信函。英文书信大致分为私人信件(Personal letter)和业务信件(Business letter)两类。前者通常指私人间来往的信件;后者指单位与单位或单位与个人之间,因接洽工作而来往的信件,主要包括商业信函、求职信、推荐信、感谢信、请柬等。
英文书信格式通常包括以下六个部分:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语和签名六个部分。高考中的书信,信的开头和结尾一般在题目中都已经给出,只要求学生写出正文。
正文的内容可以是记述一件事情、讨论一些问题、说明某个事理、解释某个原因等,究其实质,就是记叙文、说明文、议论文在实际生活中的应用。
1.书信常用开头语:
①Thank you for your letter dated July 2,2012.
感谢你2012年7月2日的来信。
②Many thanks for your letter of September 5,2012.
多谢你2012年9月5日的信。
③In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say...
对于你7月4日的来信,我想说……
④What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!
收到你5月5日的来信真是一件乐事!
⑤It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.
看到你隽秀的字迹总是让我兴奋不已。
⑥With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that...
从你这个周日的来信中我高兴地得知……
⑦I am very much pleased to inform you that...
我很高兴地通知你……
⑧How is everything with you lately?
最近一切可好?
⑨I wish to apply for the teaching position you are offering.
我想申请你们提供的教师职位。
⑩Thank you for your warm congratulations.
感谢你的热烈的祝贺。
2.信中词:
①tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事
②get information about...得到关于……信息
③express one’s idea(feelings)in English
用英语表达自己的思想(情感)
④explain sth.to sb.向某人解释某事
⑤write sb.a letter saying...给某人写信说……
⑥thank you for...感谢你……
⑦hear from sb.收到某人的来信
⑧talk about/of sth.谈论某事
3.结束语:
①Awaiting your good news./We await your good news.
②Looking forward to your early reply.
③Hoping to hear from you soon.
④We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
⑤Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
⑥Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.
⑦Please let us know if you want more information.
⑧Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other question I’d be happy to help.
⑨I hope you always enjoy yourself.
(1) 投诉信模板
Dear ,?
①I am (自我介绍).②I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about (投诉事件).?
③The reason for my dissatisfaction is (总体介绍).④In the first place, (抱怨的第一个方面).⑤In addition, (抱怨的第二个方面).⑥ Under these circumstances,I find it (感觉)to (抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).?
⑦I’d appreciate it very much if you could (提出建议和请求),preferably (进一步的要求),and I would like to have this matter settled by (设定解决事情最后期限).⑧Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(2) 建议信模板
Dear ,?
①I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to (引出对方需要建议的主题).?
Here are a few suggestions.②First,it is important to (建议一).③Then,it also helps to (建议二).④Besides,it should be a good idea to (建议三).⑤You can also (根据要求用不同的句式提出建议).?
⑥As to (其他的建议),⑦I suggest (需要具体到某一方面).⑧In addition, (其他的建议).⑨I’m sure (预测可能的结果,给对方以行动的信心和决心).?
⑩I hope you will find my suggestions useful and I’m looking forward to (表达愿望).?
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
(3)祝贺信模板
Dear ,?
① I have learned with delight that you (祝贺事由).②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on (祝贺事由).③You must be (被祝贺人的心情).④And I feel very happy for you.?
⑤ (所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news!⑥I know this is surely owing to (被祝贺人过去的努力).⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your (被祝贺人的优点).?
⑧Kindly let me know when you (咨询对方何时有空).⑨I hope (表达自己的愿望).⑩My best wishes for your further success.?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【实例1】 (2012四川)
假如你是大学一年级新生李华。开学之初,你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况,并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。
1.对英语学习的认识;
2.自己目前的英语水平;
3.自己英语学习存在的主要问题;
4.对英语教学的两点建议。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.信的开头和结尾已给出。
Dear Ms Li,
I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher.
?
?
?
Thank you!
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Ms Li,
I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher.
As the world is becoming a global village,English is getting more and more important,so mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.
My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart,and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.I really hope that you can give me good advice on how to memorize new words.Another suggestion is to give us more chances to practice speaking.I believe we can make much progress in English with your help.
Thank you!
Li Hua
【实例2】
假定你是李华,你的舍友经常有一些不为他人着想的行为,如其朋友经常来访吵闹,他经常晚上打电话,未经允许就用你的东西等。这些影响了你的学习。你不想再跟他住在一起,为此你向宿舍管理员写一封抱怨信,要求下学期搬到一间单人间里。(写信日期:2012/08/08)
One possible version:
Dear Sir or Madam,8th August,2012
I am Li Hua.I feel bad to trouble you,but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about my roommate.
The reason for my dissatisfaction with my present roommate is his inconsiderate behavior.For one thing,his friends are constantly visiting him,making a lot of noise;for another,he regularly makes calls at night.In addition,he often uses my things without asking for my permission.Under such circumstances,I find it difficult to concentrate on my lessons,and I am failing behind in my studies.
I’d appreciate it very much if you could arrange for me to move into a room of my own,where I will be free from these kinds of distractions.I would be very grateful if you could arrange a single room for me.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
2.电子邮件
随着Internet的普及,越来越多的人开始使用电子邮件进行交流。与书信比起来,电子邮件没有复杂的格式,只有称呼、正文、结束语、签名等,而内容则与书信没有区别。
1.称呼
电子邮件一般使用非正式的文体,称呼不像书信那样严格,朋友、同辈之间可以直呼其名,对于长辈可以加上头衔或者姓。
2.正文
正文是电子邮件的主体部分。可每段第一行右缩述,转行顶格,也可每行都顶格。
3.结束语
结束语(客套话)通常也很简明。常常只需一个词,如:“Thanks”,“Best”,“Cheers”,也可以用一般信函中的“Sincerely yours”或“Best regards”。
4.签名
直接写发件人的姓名即可。
①I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.
我写信是想问你下周能不能来.
②I was delighted to receive your e-mail.
收到你的邮件我很高兴。
③I cannot tell you how much your e-mail delighted me.
我无法表达你的来信使我多么高兴。
④I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.
我打算放弃目前的职位,以找到一个更有挑战性的机会。
⑤He is good at solving difficult problems with logical mind.
他善于用逻辑思维解决难题。
⑥It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn...
我十分高兴地获悉……
⑦Accept my heartiest congratulations.
接受我最衷心的祝贺。
⑧I wish/Let us wish you all the happiness in the world!
我祝愿/让我们祝愿你享有世界上的一切幸福!
⑨Thank you for contributing so much to the pleasure of our stay in...
感谢你为使我们在……的停留期间的愉快所做的一切。
(1)表示感谢的电子邮件模板
Dear ,?
① I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for (感谢的原因).②If it had not been for your assistance in (对方给予的具体帮助),I fear that I would have been (没有对方帮助时的后果).?
③Everyone agrees that it was you who (给出细节).?
④Again,I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(2)表示邀请的电子邮件模板
Dear ,?
①There will be a (内容)at/in (地点)on (时间).②We would be honored to have you there with us.?
③The occasion will start at (具体时间).④This will be followed by a (进一步的安排).⑤At around (时间), (另一个安排).?
⑥I really hope you can make it.⑦Reply,if you please before (通知你的最后期限).?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(3)表示请求的电子邮件模板
Dear ,?
①I am writing to formally request to (请求的内容).?
②The reason for is that (给出原因).③I ,so I (给出细节).?
④I would also like to request (提出进一步的要求).⑤ I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.?
⑥Thank you for your attention to these requests.⑦If you have any questions,do not hesitate to contact me at (电话号码).⑧I look forward to a favorable reply.?
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(2012天津)
假设你是李津,你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化,特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2:00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示,用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件,邀请他一起观看演出。
*提出邀请并简述原因;
*提出观剧后活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)
*请求对方回复
注意:1.请使用规范英语,词数不少于100;
2.可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:越剧Shaoxing Opera
《梁山伯与祝英台》 Butterfly Lovers
天津大剧院Tianjin Grand Theater
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you.?
?
?
?
Yours,
Li Jin
One possible version:
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you.The famous Shaoxing Opera “Butterfly lovers” will be on show in Tianjin Grand Theatre at 2:00 pm on the 5th,August.It tells of a beautiful and sad tragedy love story in ancient China.The main characters,Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai,who love each other deeply,can’t become husband and wife when alive,and eventually living together as butterflies.
I know you’re really attached to traditional Chinese culture,especially drama,so it is a show you can’t miss.Would you like to enjoy the performance together? Maybe after that we can pay a visit to the nearby museums or galleries.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
3.日记
日记是用来叙述一天生活中发生的重要事情的文体,特别是那些具有教育意义和值得回忆、查阅或参考的事情,其素材应是最有趣或最有感受的一些事情。日记的写作手法灵活,形式多样,以记叙文或简单的议论文为体裁,字数不宜太多。
1.日记的格式
通常在左上角写星期几(Sunday,Monday,Tuesday等)。随后写日期,顺序可以是月、日、年(如August 5th,2012),也可以是日、月、年 (如5th August,2012)。月份常可写缩略式,如:Jan.,Oct.,Dec.等。在右上角写天气情况(如:rainy,sunny,cloudy,fine等),第二行开始写日记的正文。
2.日记的时态
记日记的时间,一般是当天晚上或第二天,所做的事情已经过去了,所以动词多用过去时态,间或用过去完成时和过去进行时。当表示习惯的动作、客观事实、普遍真理、名言或谚语时,要使用一般现在时。如果要发表自己的感想、打算或决心,可使用一般将来时。
3.表示天气状况的词语
fine晴天的;sunny阳光充足的,阳光明媚的;cloudy阴天的,多云的;hot炎热的;cold寒冷的;cool凉爽的;snowy下雪的;foggy雾的;rainy下雨的;warm暖和的;windy刮风的;stormy暴风
①It was a sunny day.那是个晴朗的日子。
②At last we got to the top of the mountain.
最后,我们到达了山顶。
③I was busy but happy today.
今天我很忙,却很高兴。
④We felt happy because we had done a good job.
我们都很高兴,因为我们做了一件好事。
⑤The students who are excellent at English took part in the contest.
那些擅长英语的学生参加了比赛。
⑥I am going to study hard and do good preparation for my future.
我打算好好学习为我的未来做好准备。
⑦What a significant day I had today!
我今天过得多么有意义啊!
⑧This afternoon my school held an English-speaking contest named “Challenging the Future” in the multi-fun_ction classroom.
今天下午,我们学校在多功能教室举办了题为“挑战未来”的英语演讲比赛。
⑨From this I realized that we shouldn’t waste our time of today and shouldn’t put today’s work off to tomorrow.
由此我意识到我们不应该浪费今天的时间,不应该把今天的事推到明天。
⑩Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不等人。
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
世上无难事,只怕有心人。
Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
对于记事式日记,考生需描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及结果,最后对事件进行简单分析。
对这类题型,通常分为三个步骤来写:
第一段:主题句
交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点。
第二段:具体描述
具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果。
第三段:对事件的分析和感受
【实例1】
假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华,校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来,向校报投稿。(2012北京)
注意:1.日记的开头已为你写好。
2.词数不少于60。
Saturday,June 2Fine
This morning,?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文:
Saturday,June 2Fine
This morning, when I was walking on the street,I saw that two travelers were reading a map,looking puzzled.It seemed they were lost.I went up to them and asked how I could help.They told me they were looking for the Temple of Heaven.I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No.20,which could take them there directly.They appreciated my help greatly.Before long,the bus came.We waved good-bye to each other.Seeing them on the bus,I felt a kind of satisfaction.
【实例2】
你10月15日(星期一)一天的活动安排如下,请根据此活动安排用英语写一篇日记。注意:词数100左右。
时间
地点
活动安排
8:00
校门口
欢迎德国学生(约30人) 到校参观访问
8:30—9:30
体育馆
联欢会(get-together),交换礼品
9:30—10:30
校园内
参观教学楼、实验楼、宿舍楼等
10:30—11:30
篮球场
友谊篮球赛
12:00
校门口
欢送德国学生离校
参考范文:
Oct,15th MondayFine
About thirty German students came to visit our school today.
We gathered at the school gate at 8 o’clock to give them a warm welcome.Then we had a get-together in the gymnasium.Our headmaster told them something about our school.And then we talked with each other and exchanged gifts.From nine thirty we showed them around our school.They visited our classroom buildings,the lab building,and the dormitories.A friendly basketball game started on the sports ground at ten thirty.At twelve o’clock all German students left our school.
What a busy and interesting day! We learnt a lot from each other.And most importantly,a deep and lasting friendship.
4.通 知
通知(Announcement)主要是上级对下级,组织对成员布置工作、传达精神或召开会议时所采用的一种文体。当然,同级的组织、单位有事情要互相讨论或协商,也可以互发通知。通知不同于其他文体如书信、日记等,语言要规范,切忌使用模糊不清的语言和俗语。时间、地点及有关事宜一定交代清楚。在通知中,被动语态使用较多,且多半用将来时态。
通知包括口头通知和书面通知两种:
(1) 口头通知
口头通知只是一种备用稿的形式,发通知的单位和日期都可以省略不写,开头往往要有称呼语,结尾通常也有结束语,在写口头通知的时候可加上标题(Announcement)。既然是口头通知,在语言上应尽可能口语化,如:There will be...;We’re going to...等。
口头通知在写作时,多用第二人称表示被通知的对象。
(2)书面通知
书面通知(Notice)是一种比较正式的通知,为了醒目起见,一般要有标题(NOTICE),要写明发通知的单位及日期,以便让有关人员一目了然。发通知的单位名称,应写在“Notice”一词上面,也可写在正文后面右下角。较正式的通知必须有单位负责人的署名,署名下面写上职务。发通知的日期,一般写在左下角,但有时可以省略。
写书面通知要力求简明扼要。常见的由以下五点组成,即时间,地点,事情,相关人员以及注意事项等。
书面通知的时态:常使用一般将来时和一般现在时。
书面通知的对象:一般采用第三人称。
口头通知通常使用下列句型:
1.称呼语:
①Boys and girls孩子们;
②Dear classmates亲爱的同学们;
③Ladies and gentlemen女士们,先生们。
2.正文开头:
①Attention,please.请注意。
②May I have your attention,please?请注意!
③Please be quiet.请安静一下。
④I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你们。
⑤I’ve got something important to announce/say.
我有重要的事要宣布(说)。
⑥I’ve got an announcement to make.
我有个通知。
⑦I’m glad to tell you that...
非常高兴地告诉你们……
3.结束语:
①Don’t be late.不要迟到了。
②Be sure not to be late.一定不要迟到。
③Please be present on time.一定要准时到场。
④Please take your notebooks with you and be on time.
请带着笔记准时到场。
⑤Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome.
我们将欢迎对此感兴趣的人。
⑥That’s all.Thank you.就这么多,非常感谢。
书面通知通常使用的语句有:
①Notice is given here that... 通知说……
②All of them are requested to note that...
通知要求所有的人注意……
③A report on computer will be given by Prof.Smith...
史密斯教授将给我们做一个关于计算机的报告……
④Class One and Class Two,Grade One will go to the Xishan Park to...
一年级一班和二班将到西山公园去……
⑤Please be there on time.请按时到那儿。
⑥Everybody is expected to attend…
希望所有的人都参加……
⑦The sports meet will be put off till...
运动会将推迟到……
1.口头通知模板
Greeting (Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen/Friends,)
May I have your attention,please? I have an announcement to make.
There will be (通知内容) in/at (地点、时间).The (内容).All the teachers and students are required (要求).?
That’s all.Thank you.
2.书面通知模板
Title (Notice/NOTICE)
In order to (目的), (活动/事件)will be held (具体地点、时间).The (事件大体内容).Those who (要求).?
All are welcome to join in the contest.
(发布通知者)?
(通知发布日期)?
【实例1】
为了进一步培养学生学习英语的兴趣,提高学生的口语水平,杭州九中邀请了上海外国语大学(Shanghai International Studies University)的李鸣教授(professor)进行有关如何提高口语的讲座。
时间:本周六下午1点
地点:学校报告厅(meeting hall)
欢迎同学们踊跃参加,报告结束后将放映英语电影。如你是班长,请用口头形式通知全班同学。
注意:
1.要求80词左右;
2.开头和结尾已写好,不计入总词数。
Attention,please,everyone!
?
?
?
?
That’s all.Thank you!
One possible version:
Attention,please,everyone!
I have something to tell you.There will be a talk on a special topic in the school meeting hall at one o’clock this Saturday afternoon.It is about how to improve your spoken English.The speaker is Mr Li,a professor from English Department of Shanghai International Studies University.Welcome all the classmates to take an active part in it.After that an English film will be shown.Please be on time.
That’s all.Thank you.
【实例2】
最近你校成立了“集邮俱乐部”,下面是有关报名和第一次活动的安排。请你以学生会的名义写一则书面通知。
报名
时间
下周星期一至星期五
地点
2号楼312房间登记(register)
第一次活动
时间
12月19日下午4:30
地点
学校会议室
内容
1.开幕式(opening ceremony)
2.邮票展览,并提供最新邮票
3.讲座:新中国邮票史
参考范文:
Notice
You’re welcome to join the Stamp Collecting Club,which has been set up in our school.All the students who want to join the club may register in Room 312,No.2 Building from next Monday to Friday.
The opening ceremony of the club will be held at 4:30 p.m.on December 19 in our school meeting room.After the ceremony we are going to have a stamp show and a lecture on the history of stamp collecting in new China.The club has decided to supply the members of the club with the latest stamps.
The Students’ Union
5.发言稿
发言稿是在公共场所向一群人宣告某事件的文稿。发言稿可以分为欢迎辞、欢送辞、演讲稿、倡议书等形式。
1.格式:发言稿一般由三部分组成:开头语、正文和结束语。开头语一般来说比较简单,目的就是要吸引听众或读者的注意力。
2.结构:正文是发言稿的主体部分,主要是提供论点和相关的论据等,论点要明确,论据要充分有力。为了使发言稿的结构清晰明了,一般采用分段的方式将缘由和结果或要求表达出来。
3.语言:发言稿以简单句为主要的表达形式。同时,发言稿的语言必须有感染力,常使用祈使句、感叹句、强调句等句式来达到这种目的。写作时要注意适当地使用关联词承前启后,用词要得体,符合语言环境。
4.时态:时态一般以将来时为主,但介绍已发生的情况或发出倡议的背景时也可以使用一般过去时、一般现在时或现在进行时。
①It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.
站在这里发表演讲,我非常荣幸。
②I’m very glad to have a chance here to make a speech on....
在此做有关……的演讲我感到很高兴。
③Today we are having a party here to....
今天我们在此开晚会来……
④It gives us great pleasure to get together,with a guest from the United States of America.和来自美国的朋友相聚我们感到非常荣幸。
⑤Welcome to our city.Now let me introduce...to you.
欢迎来到我们城市。现在让我来向您介绍……
⑥I think it is a good opportunity for us to talk with Mr.Smith.If you have any questions on learning English,please feel free to ask him for help.
我认为和史密斯先生进行交谈对我们来说是一个很好的机会。如果你们有关于英语学习的任何问题,主动地向他寻求帮助。
Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen,
It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.My name is (自我介绍).The topic of my speech is (发言主题).?
To begin with,many people suggest that...Secondly...Thirdly... .(话题或现象列举).?
What I want to stress is that (重申主题).For one thing...For another...Besides...(原因或重要性列举).In a word, (总结).?
Thank you (for your listening).
在我们的生活和学习中,与人合作是非常重要的。请你根据下表中所提供的信息,写一篇题为“Cooperate with others”的英文演讲稿。
为何与人合作
1.可以高效地完成任务;
2.可以节省时间和精力;
3.可以从合作者身上学到很多。
与谁合作
与喜欢的人合作
心情愉快,一起分享工作中的快乐和痛苦。
与不喜欢的人合作
能挑战自己与他人相处的能力。此外,关注工作比关注他人更重要。
怎样做一个好的合作者
请你发表自己的观点……(至少2点看法)
注意:1.对所给要点,逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。
2.词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数。
3.演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
参考词汇:合作者partner
Good afternoon,everyone!
The topic of my speech today is“Cooperate with others”.
?
?
?
?
?
Thank you for your listening!
参考范文:
Good afternoon,everyone!
The topic of my speech today is“Cooperate with others”.
In our daily life and study,if we want to accomplish our work efficiently,we must all learn to cooperate with others.Cooperation can save us a lot of time and energy.Additionally,we can learn much from our partners by cooperating with them.
When we cooperate with someone we like,we will feel very happy.We can share our pleasure (joys) and sadness (sorrows) with him.But it challenges us to get along with others to cooperate with someone we dislike (hate).Besides/Moreover/What’s more,we should focus on our work,instead of(rather than)our partners.Perhaps in working together with him for a long time,we’ll learn (find out) that he is a man to get along well with.
How can we become a good partner? In my opinion,we should try to listen to others.If they make mistakes,we also try to point them out.Besides,we mustn’t embarrass others to make them in unfavorable position.
Thank you for your listening!
6.启事
启事(Notice)是一种公告式应用文,多为机关、单位或个人就某事需要公开向大家说明或希望大家协助而写的。启事多张贴于公开场所,或登在报刊上,或通过广播电台播送、电视台播映。
启事使用范围广泛,有征文启事、招聘启事、招领启事、寻物启事、寻人启事、遗失启事、征婚启事等等。启事种类繁多,内容广泛,但其书写格式基本相同。通常包括:
(1)标题;(2)正文;(3)结尾;(4)落款
①I happened to find a purse on my way to school.
在上学的路上我碰巧捡到一个钱夹。
②I lost a bag on the ground because of carelessness.
由于粗心,我在操场上丢了一个包。
③There is a pocket radio and some change in the handbag.
手提包里有一个袖珍收音机和一些零花钱。
④My telephone number is 0755-3319582.
我的电话号码是0755-3319582。
⑤I’ll be very thankful and pay you for it.
我将非常感激,并予以重谢。
⑥I found an electronic dictionary at the school gate.
本人在校门口捡到一个电子词典。
⑦I left my brown case in the reading room.
我把棕色的包忘在阅览室里了。
⑧I wonder if I can get some help from you.
不知能否得到您的帮助。
⑨The owner of the wallet may contact me now.
钱夹的主人可以现在和我联系。
⑩Somebody who lost the purse is expected to come to get it.
希望丢钱包的人前来认领。
(1)招领启事
FOUND
I happened to find (所拾到的物品名称) in/at (拾到物品的地点),which (所拾到的这个物品的特征).Loser is expected to (招领处)to claim it.?
(署名)?
(2) 遗物启事
LOST
I lost (丢失物品)when I was (时间)at/in (地点).It is (特征).There are (内有物品).Will the finder please send it to (失主所在地)??
Thanks a lot./I will be deeply grateful if you do so.
(3)招聘启事
Wanted
We need (招聘的人).We (简介职责、工作条件或环境).We (要求条件).?
This is a very good opportunity for you,and we (待遇).?
Please call or fax and tell us about yourself!
Contact: ?
Address: ?
Tel: ?
Fax: ?
E-mail: ?
请你根据以下要点,拟一则给女儿请家教的招聘启事。
1.家教老师 (英语) 必须是一位女性,年龄30岁左右;
2.必须具有教课经历,并且有耐心和信心;
3.工作时间是每周星期六、星期日,每天8小时,待遇丰厚;
4.联系电话:8101688。
参考范文:
Help Wanted
I want a woman English teacher aged about 30 to teach my daughter at home.If you are or used to be a teacher as well as have patience and confidence,you are my best choice.
You should work at my home from Saturday to Sunday,8 hours per day.Of course,you may stay up for the night,if you like.In spite of this,you are sure to get good wages.
What do you think of it? You are welcome to call 8101688 at any time except at night.
(二)记叙文
记叙文是以记叙和描述为主,以记人、叙事为主要内容的一种文体,叙述人们的经历或事物的发展变化过程。
(1)写作特点
和汉语文章一样,英语记叙文同样具备六大要素,即时间、地点、人物、原因、经过和结果。写记叙文时,要交代清楚时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和事件(what),然后再进一步叙述事件(what)、原因(why)和结果(how)等要素。记叙文的命题形式主要是提纲式和图画式。写作时,时间、地点、人物等要素一般会出现在题目提示或图画中,有时也会出现有关要素不确定的情况。
(2)写作技巧
记叙文的写作顺序主要包括顺叙、倒叙和插叙,常考的有顺叙和倒叙两种。顺叙是指按照事件发生、发展的先后顺序进行写作,而倒叙则是指将某些后发生的细节,甚至是事件的结果先提到前面叙述,这样可以起到引人入胜的效果。
正确把握文章的时态,这是最基本也是最重要的要求之一。记叙文的时态要视文章的题材而定。如故事类的文章,常以过去时态为主;描述一种常见的社会现象、自然现象等常用现在时态;而叙述未发生的、计划中的一些事件,要以将来时态为主。
①In the early spring the scenery is very beautiful.
初春的景色分外美丽。
②Last week I was so burdened with homework that now I was delighted to be having an outing.
上周我的作业负担太重了,以至于现在我很高兴出去游玩一次。
③Till late into the night I couldn’t fall asleep,thinking about the happiness I had in the day.
夜很深了,想着白天的快乐时光,我还不能入睡。
④It was a very relaxing Sunday.这是一个很轻松的星期日。
⑤We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.
我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。
⑥There are a lot of activities at the beach.海滨有很多活动。
⑦Autumn is rich with fruit and grain.
秋天是瓜果飘香的季节。
⑧On the top of the mountain we enjoyed the fascinating view and had a picnic.
在山顶我们饱览秀丽风光,品尝美味野餐。
⑨At about three o’clock we danced our way down the hill with joy in our hearts.
下午三点左右,我们欢呼雀跃着下山了。
⑩Attracted by the beautiful scenery,I quickly climbed up the east slope to enjoy the natural view.
我被这迷人的景色所吸引,迅速爬上东面的山坡去享受这大自然的美景。
记叙文通常分为三段来写:
第一段:总结描述,交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点;
第二段:具体描述,具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果;
第三段:对事件的分析。(本段可视写作要点及需要进行取舍)。
【实例1】(2012江苏)
生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执,导致关系紧张。请你结合此事,并根据以下提示,用英语写一篇短文,向学校英文报“Happy Teens”专栏投稿。
简要描述事情的经过
打篮球、碰撞、争执,等等
分析发生冲突的原因
1.遇事不够冷静
2.……
谈谈避免冲突的做法
(请考生根据自己的经历或感想,提出至少两种做法)
注意: 1.对所有要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。
2.词数150 左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文:
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon,Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other,trying to catch the ball.Then they started shouting and yelling,and it turned into a horrible quarrel.
To be honest,it was Su Hua’s fault but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things.They cared too much about winning and losing.As a matter of fact,blocking,pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.
To avoid such conflicts,we should be kind to one another,which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget,especially in such a competitive and stressful society.Instead of blaming each other,we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
Don’t be self-centered and try to be considerate.We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.
【实例2】
下面的表格提供了一次交通事故的情况,请以A Traffic Accident为标题写一篇报道。
时间
上星期天上午9:30
地点
新华路第二个十字路口
事故
一位老太太被一位年轻人骑车撞倒,受伤严重
原因
年轻人闯红灯
结果
有人打电话给急救中心,不久救护车赶到,把老太太送去医院
事故给你的启发
注意:1.词数:80~120
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇:救护车ambulance;急救中心First Aid Centre
参考范文:
A Traffic Accident
Last Sunday,an old lady aged about seventy was badly hurt in a traffic accident at the second crossing of Xinhua Road.It was 9:30 a.m.and there were many cars in the street at that time.The old lady was crossing the street when a young man riding a bicycle rushed up and knocked her down.
The accident happened so suddenly that it had been some time before the other people in the street understood what was happening.The old lady was badly hurt and couldn’t move at all.Someone called the First Aid Center and soon some doctors came in their ambulance and carried the lady to the hospital.The police said that it was the young man’s fault because he didn’t stop his bike when the traffic lights were red.
In my opinion,it is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.
(三)说明文
说明文是指说明事物的情况或道理的文章,目的是介绍某一方面的知识。说明文一般分为三种类型:实体说明文,即说明书、广告、解说词等;事理说明文,即理论性概念解释、报刊简介等。
写作特点
说明文的特点是融知识性、科学性和准确性于一体。写好说明文的关键是抓住事物的特征,安排好说明顺序,即时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序(先因后果或先果后因),让读者一目了然。
说明文的写作应该注意以下几点:
(1)语言简明扼要,通俗易懂,避免夸张华丽的辞藻,要把真实的一面展现出来。
(2)说明时一定要把握一个中心主题。说明文中细枝末节较多,但不能喧宾夺主。
(3)说明的次序非常重要。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚,脉络明晰。因此,练习时可以尝试用不同的次序进行写作,找出最合理的一种。
(4)由于说明文写实性较强,有时难免会让人感到没有生气。因此,可以适当使用一些比喻、拟人等修辞手段,来增加文章的色彩。
近几年,图表说明文和文字提示说明文也逐渐成为高考的重点和热点。由于客观事物是复杂的,要说清楚客观事物的特征及其相互关系,只用某一种说明方法是不能独立完成的,所以要根据实际情况综合运用多种说明方法,以便从不同角度、不同方面全面、完整地介绍说明对象,从而增强表达效果。
①Our library is in the center of the school.There is a beautiful garden in front of it and our classroom building is right behind it.
我们的图书馆位于学校的中心,前面有一个漂亮的花园,后面是教学大楼。
②Our library is open from 9 a.m.to 7 p.m.from Monday to Friday and closed on weekends.
图书馆开门时间是周一至周五上午9点至下午7点,周末关门。
③According to the rule,every student can borrow as many as 5 books each time and keep them for ten days.
根据规定,每个学生一次可以借5本书,可以看10天。
④Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes,of which the water is clear and looks colorful.
九寨沟以美丽的湖泊而闻名,湖水清澈,流光溢彩。
⑤As we can see,most of the students in the picture are wearing glasses.
正如我们所看见的,图片中大部分学生都戴着眼镜。
⑥Protecting one’s eyesight is not only a personal concern but also a public one.
保护视力不仅是个人关注的事情,而且也是需要公众关注的事情。
⑦The first/second thing we can do is to...
我们能够做的第一件事/第二件事是……
⑧Recently a survey has been done to...
最近为了……而做了一项调查……
第一段,总体介绍(包括要说明事物的外貌、特点、性能等)。
例如:Senior high school students are having a new course called General Technology.
第二段,具体说明,可列举一些典型事例。
例如:All Senior Two students should learn such a course,by which students can achieve a lot.First...Second...
第三段,总结评价(包括喜爱、夸赞等情感)。
例如:They enjoy it mainly because the course is closely related to everyday life.
从去年开始,高中学生有了一门新的课程——《通用技术》(General Technology)。请你给某英文报纸写一份120词左右(不含已经给出的首句词数)的通讯稿,介绍这一课程及其实施情况。内容要点如下:
1.对象:高二学生
2.目的:培养基本技能,提高设计能力
3.要求:(1) 能使用不同类型的常见工具,修理、设计和制作一些物品。
(2) 毕业前通过书面测试。
4.同学们的反响、体会或评价。
参考范文:
Senior high school students are having a new course called General Technology.The course,which has been introduced to all Senior 2 students,aims to teach pupils basic technical skills and improve their designing abilities.
The course requires students to use various types of common tools safely.Some basic life skills,such as repairing or washing clothes,are also included in the lectures.However,more importantly,they are expected to be able to design and make an item that is useful in their lives.They also have to attend a written test for the course before graduation.
As it’s totally different from those traditional courses,the course is very popular with students.They enjoy it mainly because the course is closely related to everyday life.
(四)议论文
议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体,它通过摆事实、讲道理的方式来辨明是非曲直,从而表达出作者的观点。
1.议论文的特点
构成议论文的三要素为论点、论据和论证。论点要明确,论据要充分,论证要严谨。近几年,高考英语议论文要求学生能针对某一现象或观点发表自己的见解。将叙述、描写、说明等手法结合到议论中,而且要将记叙和描写运用于论据中,为论点提供依据;用说明为议论的展开创造条件,或为议论作补充。
2.议论文写作的分段:
为了使议论文结构严谨,思路清晰,通常采用三段式论证法:
第一段:提出论点;
第二段:运用论据对论点进行(正、反两方面的)论证;
第三段:根据论证得出相应的结论。
(1)第一段——提出问题,引导下文围绕论点展开讨论:
①There are different opinions among people as to...;Some people suggest that.../People’s opinions about...vary from person to person;Some people say that...
关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
②Today...which have brought a lot of harm in our daily life.First,...Second,...What makes things worse is that...
现在……它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先……其次……更为糟糕的是……
③Nowadays,it is common to...;Many people like...because...Besides...
现在,……很普遍。许多人喜欢……因为……另外(而且)……
(2)第二段——分析问题,用论据来论证观点:
①On the contrary,there are some people in favor of...At the same time,they say...
相反,有一些人赞成……同时,他们说……
②But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve...For example...Worst of all...
但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……最糟糕的是……
③However,just like everything has both its good and bad sides...also has its own disadvantages,such as...
然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,……也有它不利的一面,像……
④I fully agree with the opinion (statement)that...,because...
我完全同意……这种观点(陈述),因为……
(3)第三段——得出结论:
①As far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.
就我而言,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点。
②In a word,the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of...Only in this way can we...in the future.
总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……问题。只有这样,我们才能在将来……
③In my opinion,I think it necessary to...
依我看,我认为有必要……
④From what has been discussed above,we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...
综上所述,我们可以合理地得出结论……
1.论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法
The topic of (主题) is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides of opinions about it.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of (支持A的理由一).What’s more, (理由二).Moreover, (理由三).?
While others think that B is a better choice for the following three reasons.Firstly, (支持B的理由一).Secondly/Besides, (理由二).Thirdly/Finally, (理由三).?
From my point of view,I think (我的观点).The reason is that (原因).As a matter of fact,there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me,the former is surely a wise choice.?
2.给出一个观点,要求反对这一观点
Some people believe that (观点一).For example,they think (举例说明).And it will bring them (为他们带来的好处).?
As for me,I hold the opposite opinion.For one thing, (反对该看法的理由一).For another, (反对的理由二).?
From all what I have said,I agree to the thought that (我对文章所讨论主题的看法).?
3.不同观点列举型 (选择型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that (作文话题).But it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.A majority of people think that (观点一).In their view,there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows:In the first place, (原因一).Furthermore/In the second place, (原因二).So it goes without saying that (观点一).?
People,however,differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that (观点二).In their point of view,on the one hand, (原因一).On the other hand, (原因二).Therefore,there is no doubt that (观点二).?
As far as I am concerned,I firmly support the view that (观点一或二).?
4.阐述主题型
The good old proverb (名言或谚语) reminds us that (释义).Indeed,we can learn many things from it.?
First of all, (理由一).For example, (举例说明).Secondly, (理由二).Another case is that (举例说明).Furthermore, (理由三).?
In my opinion, (我的观点).In short,whatever you do,please remember the saying.If you understand and apply it to your study or work,you’ll benefit a lot from it.?
【实例1】(2011江西)
假设你是星光中学的李华,将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿,主要内容包括:
1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题;
2.骑自行车的益处,如节能环保、有利健康等。
参考词汇:低碳生活(low-carbon life);节能(energy saving)
注意:1.词数:120左右;
2.演讲稿开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Good morning,everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.?
?
?
?
?
Thank you!
参考范文:
Good morning,everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.?
As is known to all,with the improvement of people’s living standards,cars have become a popular means of transport,bringing great convenience to our life.However,they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams.
How can we solve the problems then? As far as I’m concerned,riding bicycles is a good solution.For one thing,bicycles don’t need any petrol and they are energy-saving.For another,bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t give off waste gas.What’s more,riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health.
Therefore,let’s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles.Come on and join us!
Thank you!
【实例2】
目前,越来越多的中学生利用周末上各种各样的培训班或请家教。对于这一现象,存在两种不同观点。请你根据下表提示,以Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?为题写一篇短文,反映表中内容,并简要阐述自己的观点。
有些人认为有必要
另一些人认为没有必要
1.跟老师学比自己学好;
2.可以巩固课堂所学内容;
3.可以学到更多的东西。
1.容易养成依赖习惯;
2.学生需要时间休息;
3.许多培训班和家教以赢利为目的。
要求:1.层次清晰,连贯流畅;表达灵活,但不要逐字逐句翻译。
2.词数:120左右。
Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?
?
?
?
?
?
?
One possible version:
Is a Training Class or Family Teacher Necessary?
More and more middle school students are going to all kinds of training classes or having family teachers at the weekend.There are two different viewpoints about it.
Some think it necessary.Firstly,it’s more effective to study with a teacher than by themselves.Secondly,it can strengthen what is learnt in class.Besides,they can learn a lot more.Others think it unnecessary.For one thing,students can easily form the habit of dependence.For another,students need time to relax from time to time.What’s more,the purpose of many training classes and teachers is to make money.
In my opinion,whether a training class or family teacher is needed just depends.If you are really very weak at or interested in a certain subject,maybe it’s OK for you.But be sure to choose a good and suitable class or teacher,otherwise it would be a waste of time and money.
Passage 1
请根据下面提示写一篇短文,简要介绍网络红人朱之文。
要点:1.一位勤劳的农民、才华横溢的歌唱家,轰动了全世界;
2.出身贫寒,几乎没有受过正规的学校教育;
3.对音乐十分痴迷。不论风雨严寒,坚持在当地的小树林里纵情歌唱;
4.心地善良,扶危济困。对动物情有独钟,所养的鸡、鹅也是他的忠实听众;
5.他的毅力和决心终于有了回报——继英国版的“苏珊大妈”之后,他获得了中国“苏珊大叔”的称号。
要求:1.100词左右。
2.参考词汇:苏珊大妈Aunt Susan
苏珊大叔Uncle Susan
One possible version:
Zhu Zhiwen,a diligent farmer and brilliant singer,is really a hit throughout the world.Born in a poor family,he received almost no school education at all.However,he has wildly devoted himself to music.Regardless of wind,rain or cold,he has been practicing singing in the local forest.In addition to his devotion to music,he is also kind-hearted.Not only is he ready to help those in trouble,but also he has a great passion for animals.The hens and geese in his courtyard become his devoted audience.His persistence and determination have paid off with a famous title—the Chinese “Uncle Susan”,named after the English “Aunt Susan”.
Passage 2
假如你是校报负责人,急需在学校内聘一位同学任英文版的编辑,请你用英文以“An English Editor Wanted”为题目写一则招聘启事。内容要点如下:
工作
内容
1.从英文报刊杂志及互联网上选择适合学生的文章;
2.选择并编辑同学们的来稿。
对应聘
者要求
1.乐意奉献出一些业余时间为同学们服务;
2.英文与美术皆好,能熟练使用电脑;
3.感兴趣的同学需在本周内与学生会(Students’ Union)联系。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.不要逐字翻译,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。
An English Editor Wanted
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One possible version:
An English Editor Wanted
Our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.The job mainly includes two parts:One is to choose proper English articles from other newspapers,magazines or the Internet for us students.The other is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use.
We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements:First,he/she is willing to devote some of the spare time to serving others.Second,it’s necessary for him/her to be good at both English and fine art.Needless to say that the ability to use the computer is important as well.
Those who are interested in the job,please get in touch with the Students’ Union this week.
Students’ Union
Passage 3
假如你是英国的Mike,你的朋友李华打算到国外留学,他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐。请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信:
1.语言是道硬门槛;
2.适应能力很重要;
3.兴趣爱好被看重;
4.要有社会责任感。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结束语已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Li Hua,
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Yours,
Mike
One possible version:
Dear Li Hua,
I’m glad to hear that you want to study abroad in your letter.Here is what I know about what kind of Chinese students are favored in foreign colleges and universities.
As far as I know,the language ability is essential,which helps you communicate with others and makes it easier for you to understand the courses.Besides,you should have the ability to adapt quickly to the new environment.What’s more,your interest is valued as well,for it has a lot to do with success.Last but not least,those who are willing to shoulder social responsibility are especially respected and welcomed.
This is some of my advice and I hope it can be of some help to you.May you succeed! Best wishes and good luck.
Yours,
Mike
Passage 4
高校扩招是目前的热点话题,人们对此褒贬不一。请你用英语写一篇短文,介绍人们的不同观点,并表达自己的看法。
赞成的理由
反对的理由
你的看法
①普及大众教育
②缓解升学压力
①教学质量堪忧
②就业形势严峻
注意:1.文章必须包括表中的全部内容;
2.词数120左右;
3.参考词汇:大学扩招college enrollment expansion
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One possible version:
As is known to all,more and more students are able to go to college these days.Some people think it’s good for the public to enjoy higher education.More importantly,students won’t have so much pressure as before since they have more chances to study in the university.
On the other hand,others are worried about the teaching quality.With the quantity increased,the quality of education is threatened.What’s worse,it will be much harder for graduates to find a good job in the future,because they don’t have competitive advantages over others.
In my opinion,the college enrollment expansion is good for the progressing and civilization of society.But colleges should answer for their graduates.After all,quality is more important than quantity.
Passage 5
假设你是中学生李华,高中毕业后想到美国某大学留学。该校校长Mr.Smith向你了解中国大学毕业生择业的意向。请你根据这份图表提供的信息,用英语给他写一封回信。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.包括图表所显示的主要内容;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,但不计入总词数。
参考词汇:公务员public servant;图表chart
Dear Mr.Smith,
Thanks for your letter.It was wonderful to hear from you.
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I hope it can be of some use to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Mr.Smith,
Thanks for your letter.It was wonderful to hear from you.
When it comes to what kinds of jobs young college graduates want to be engaged in,their choices vary a bit.To begin with,more than 35% of the boys prefer to get work in the government,with about 25% of the girls wanting to become public servants.Their second choice is to be teachers,working in colleges or high schools.About 35% of the girls and about 28% of the boys want to be devoted to teaching.Apart from that,over 15% of the boys and about 14% of the girls want to set themselves up as businessmen,setting up their own companies.While more than 10% of the boys and about 10% of the girls are interested in scientific research,still another about 10% of the boys and about 18% of the girls say they want to be doctors.Less than 5% of the boys and about 5% of the girls want to do other jobs.Such are the job preferences of college graduates.
I hope it can be of some use to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
Passage 6
据一项调查显示,有85%的中学生说自己的字写得不好看,而他们又不想改善它,其理由有很大差别。请根据下图内容写一篇短文,说明该现象并发表看法。
注意:词数100~120 (开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Nowadays,with the growing popularity of computers,more and more people are paying less and less attention to their handwriting.
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One possible version:
Nowadays,with the growing popularity of computers,more and more people are paying less and less attention to their handwriting.
According to a recent survey,about 85 percent of middle school students think that their handwriting is poor.Yet for various reasons,many students don’t want to improve their handwriting.51.5 percent of them think that they can just use a computer,so there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting,and 32.3 percent believe that they are so busy with the study that they do not have time to practice.10.9 percent think that practicing handwriting is useless.The rest have other reasons.
As the saying goes,writing style shows the man.Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial,especially for middle school students.Therefore,in my opinion,more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.
Passage 7
下面的图表显示了某校高三学生周末放假时的学习生活情况。
根据上图信息,请以“Ways to spend the weekend”为题,用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求如下:
1.简要描述图中的信息;
2.说明原因(适当休息,提高学习成绩,锻炼身体);
3.谈谈你的看法。
注意:文章标题和开头已给出(不计入总词数)。
Ways to spend the weekend
As can be seen from the chart,?
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One possible version:
Ways to spend the weekend
As can be seen from the chart, Senior Three students have different ways to spend their weekends.60% of the students would like to go back home to have a good rest while 25% of them choose to study at school.Only 15% of them take outdoor activities.
Various reasons are responsible for their choices.Some think a good rest can help them relax and work more efficiently during the next week.Others hold that taking exercise is a healthy way to refresh themselves.Still others tend to stay at school to make use of every minute to study.
Personally,we students should not devote all our time to study.A good rest and proper exercise are of vital importance to our health.
Passage 8
下图描绘了当前一个常见的社会生活情景。请按照下面要求写一篇英语作文。
内容包括:
1.描述图画中反映的现象;
2.分析出现这种现象的原因;
3.针对这种现象发表个人评论。
注意:1.词数100左右;2.可增加细节,以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇:旁观者 onlooker
One possible version:
The picture describes a common phenomenon in China.When an old man fell down on the ground and cried for help,many people present were unwilling to lend a helping hand.What a sad scene!
There are several reasons that the onlookers didn’t want to offer their help.First,they were afraid that it may cause some trouble because the old man might accuse them of knocking him down.Second,they were not sure whether the old man really needed someone to help or he fell down on purpose.Besides,they thought it was better to mind their own business.
As far as I am concerned,all of us need others’ help.If we don’t help the old today,no one will help us when we get old.So helping others means helping ourselves.
Passage 9
请简要描述漫画内容,并结合生活实际,就漫画的主题发表自己的看法。
注意:词数100左右。
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One possible version:
In the picture,a crying child is practicing playing the piano,sitting on his parents who are in rags.The father looks very painful and there’s much sweat running down.
Parents are willing to do everything for their children.However,do they really understand their children? Must they force the young to do what they don’t like in the name of love?
In my opinion,parents should respect their children’s feelings and interests.There is no point in producing pain for both sides.
Passage 10
请简要描述漫画内容,并结合生活实际,就漫画的主题发表自己的看法。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.参考词汇:醉酒驾驶drunk driving
One possible version:
It’s generally believed that nothing in the world is more precious than life.You can’t help pitying and complaining after you look at the picture,especially the second scene in which the driver’s mother is crying sadly over her son’s death because of his drunk driving.
Recently,drunk driving becomes a hot topic.It’s said that the number of people who die each year due to drunk driving in our country is much higher than a modern war.Fortunately,the government has taken plenty of measures on drunk driving,which helps prevent such dangerous behavior in a way.Most importantly,in my opinion,drivers themselves should realize the importance of giving up drunk driving.