人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit3 Environmental Protection- Discoveruseful structures（直接引语与间接引语）课件20张PPT

(共20张PPT)
Discovering Useful Structures P29
新人教版选择性必修 Book 3
Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Work in groups. Look at the sentences in both columns and discuss the differences between each pair. Summarise the rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech.
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
1 The expert said, “From the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.” The expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.
2 The reporter asked, “Will polar bears die out because of climate change ” The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.
3 The reporter asked, “How can we save polar bears from extinction ” The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.
4 “Let's work together to stop climate change,” the expert said. The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.
1
直接引语和间接引语
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
一. 定义：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。
例句：
The girl said, “I like English very much.”
The girl said that she liked English very much.
Note:
1. 引语前常使用逗号，而不是冒号；引号内直接引语的单词首字母要大写。
2. 间接引语不用逗号，引号；间接引语要考虑人称，时态，时间状语，地点状语和指示代词的变化。
二. 直接引语和间接引语的变化
1. 人称变化
一 随 主 直接引语中的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致 He says, “I like math very much.”
He says that he likes math very much.
二 随 宾 直接引语中的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 He said to Lily, “You must get up early.”
He told Lily that she must get up early.
三 不 变 直接引语的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变 She said to me, “They want to help him.”
She told me that they wanted to help him.
2. 时态变化（主句为一般过去时）
直接引语 间接引语
句 子 时 态 一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时 不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
Note:
1. 主句是一般现在时态时，从句可以根据意思使用相应的时态。
例句：She says that she was going to buy a CD.
She says that she went to buy a CD
2. 直接引语是客观真理，谚语和格言时，时态不变。
例句： “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.” the teacher told me.
The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth
3. 直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语时，时态不变。
例句：Tom said, “I was born on April 21, 1980.”
Tom said he was born on April 21, 1980.
3. 指示代词，时间，地点状语及方向性动词的变化。
项目 直接引语 间接引语
指示 代词 this these that
those
时间 now today tonight this week yesterday last week then
that day
that night
that week
the day before
the week before
地点 here there
动词 come bring go
take
例句：
He said, “It is nine o'clock now.”
He said that it was nine o'clock then.
He said, “I haven't seen her today.”
He said that he hadn't seen her that day.
He said, “We went to the cinema yesterday.”
He said that they had gone to the cinema the day before.
4. 连接词和语序变化
项目 连接词 语序
陈述句 that或省略 不变
一般疑问句 引述动词后加上if 或whether 陈述语序
特殊疑问句 连接词不变 陈述语序
祈使句 无连接词 不变
例句：
He said to me, “You can help her.”
He said to me (that) I could help her.
He asked her, “Do you love me ”
He asked her whether she loved him.
He asked me, “What colour do you like ”
He asked me what colour I liked.
He said to me, “Don't be late.”
He asked me not to be late.
1. He said to Kate, “How is your sister now ”
He asked Kate _______________________.
2. She said, “Do you often come here to read newspapers ”
She asked me __________________________ to read newspapers.
3. The geography teacher said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
The geography teacher said _____________________ than sound.
4. “Listen to me and don't make so much noise, children!” said the teacher.
The teacher _______________________________.
how her sister was then
whether/if I often went there
light travels much faster
asked the children to listen to him and not to make so much noise
即
学
即
用
5. Li Lei said, “I'm quite sure about it.”
Li Lei said that _________ quite sure about it.
6. Jim said, “I haven't seen you today.”
Jim said that ________________________.
7. The teacher asked me, “Do you have difficulty working it out ”
The teacher asked me _______________________.
he was
he hadn't seen me that day
whether/if I had difficulty working it out
Here are some statements and questions by children who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talking to and then change the sentences into indirect speech.
Diane “What made Hurricane Katrina unusual ”
“Was it the worst natural disaster in American history ”
Diane Diane asked what had made Hurricane Katrina unusual.
Diane asked if/whether it had been the worst natural disaster in American history.
2
Martha “I want to become a scientist and help the world.”
“I'm doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.”
Martha Martha said that she wanted to become a scientist and help the world.
Martha said that she was doing a project on behalf of her school about global warming.
Bob “Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic ”
“Could you explain how the nuclear disaster happened ”
Bob Bob asked why nuclear power was a sensitive topic.
Bob asked if/whether they could explain how the nuclear disaster had happened.
Laura “How many animals have disappeared because of human hunting ”
“What can we do to help wild animals ”
Laura Laura asked how many animals had disappeared because of human hunting.
Laura asked what we could do to help wild animals.
Vincent “I've never been to the Amazon Jungle.”
“Will scientists discover new species there ”
Vincent Vincent said that he had never been to the Amazon Jungle.
Vincent asked whether/if scientists would discover new species there.
Work in groups. Do a survey on what your group members are doing to help the environment and what else they can do. Then report to the class.
Michelle I always use my cloth bag when I go shopping, rather than use plastic bags.
Jack I often walk or ride a bike instead of taking a taxi.
Sally Don't print out documents unless really necessary.
Joe Would it be best to share books with others
Homework
EXAMPLE
I asked my group members what they did to limit the amount of carbon dioxide produced in their daily lives. Jack told me that he often walked or rode a bike instead of taking a taxi. Joe advised us to share books with others. Sally asked us...
Thank you!