人教版(2019)必修第三册Unit5The Value of Money情态动词课件(25张ppt)

(共25张PPT)
情态动词
Grammar
Page 54 Functions & Meanings
Example Necessity Possibility Obligation Request Advice Intention
We can discuss it now.
You must do it at once.
Would you please pass me the salt
You needn’t have stayed.
You ought to help him.
I would rather do it myself.
义务，职责
必要，需要
may/might, could
Mustn’t
could
have to
Should;
had better do
Will do;
be going to do
1. can/could
Her servant can speak four kinds of foreign languages.
Anybody can make mistakes in his lifetime.
Can I have a look at that plastic box
—Could I take out a loan tomorrow
—Yes，you can.(/No, I’m afraid not.)
He’s just had his lunch. He can’t be hungry.
能力
客观可能性
请求允许
请求中的肯定答复
推测
委婉：could>can
#Ability: can vs. be able to
be able to do强调需要某种条件或努力做成某事：
It was a holiday and the children were able to go to the sea side.
The girl worked hard so she was able to pass the final test.
2. may/might
—Might/May I smoke beneath the tree
—Yes, you can. /No, you mustn’t.
May the force be with you!
Your mother may/might not know the truth.
请求
禁止
祝愿
实际可能性：may>might
May well vs. may as well
Her grandpa may/might well be over eighty.
He is often late. He might well lose his job.
Jane has set off to the airport. I may as well start at once.
This holiday isn’t much fun; we might as well stay at home.
#Possibility: Can vs. could/may/might
Accidents can happen. Anybody can make mistakes.
Children can often get ill suddenly.
We may spend our summer holidays in Hangzhou this year.
Will you answer the telephone It could/may/might be your mother.
客观可能性
实际可能性：may>might/could
经验之谈
# Possibility
Those of you who are familiar with the game will know this.
They mad a bet which would settle their argument.
It may seem lucky to you but not to me.
That might not be true.
Hurry up! The guest should/ought to be here by now.
Oh, you must be Sylvia’s husband.
2. must/have to
You must go to see the doctor regularly.
—Must we apologize to the servant？
—Yes，you must.(/No，you don’t have to/you needn’t.)
Your mother must be on duty now.
It’s 12 p.m. now. They must have arrived home.
必须、必要
不必要
推测
一定做过某事
对已经发生的事情推测
#Obligation: Must vs. Have to
I know I must study hard.
Her mother was ill and she had to stay at home to look after her.
主观上，个人意识上的需要
客观需要
#Must 的否定式
1. ______: You mustn’t park your car here.
2. ______: You must finish your homework on time.
否定：You don’t have to/needn’t …
3. ______: He looked tired. He must have worked for a long time.
否定： He couldn’t have worked for a long time.
禁止
义务
推测
3. shall/should
Shall we go to the concert tonight Shall she come with us
You shall go to the front at once.
Don’t worry. You shall get the response very soon.
You shall fail if you ignore the details.
Nothing shall stop us from fighting against pollution.
征求意见
命令
允诺
警告
决心
#Advice: should vs. ought to
We should/ought to help each other and learn from each other in our work.
She is your mother, so you ought to support her.
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will.
大多数情况下should与ought to可互换；两者的区别是，should 强调个人主观看法，ought to更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务、规定时使用。
3. Shall/should
Hurry up! The guests should/ought to be here by now.
Sally was upset that we didn’t tell her the news. You should have told her about the truth.
It’s wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years.
It’s strange that he should be late.
推测
责备，本该做但事实上没做
惊讶、赞美
竟然
情态动词 + have done
It is feared (that) the kid may have been kidnapped.
He wasn’t at home last night. He could/might have gone to the movies.
Your trip must have been fun!
He lost his family in that accident. He cannot have forgotten it.
对过去事情的推测
情态动词 + have done
The accident could have been avoided.
To be honest, I shouldn’t have said to you like that.
I didn’t pass the interview. I should/ought to have worked harder.
You needn’t have bought the dictionary; I can lend it to you.
过去本来应该(不)做
（与实际不同）
情态动词 + have done
may/might have done
可能做过某事
must have done
一定做过某事
could have done
可能做过某事；本可以做某事（实际上没有做某事）
needn’t have done
本不需要做某事（实际上做了某事）
ought to have done = should have done
本应做某事（实际上没有做某事）
4. Will/would
Will/Would you pass me the ball, please
I will never do that again.
They asked him if he would make a bet.
Try your best, and your wish will come true.
请求，建议：would>will
个人意志、愿望和决心
将来一定/准会…
Future in the past: would
The weather forecast said it would rain, so I took my umbrella.
You told me that you would come to see me!
We heard that he would be promoted in August.
He knew that when he turned the switch, the electricity would come on.
During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.
Would表示过去反复、习惯发生的动作或某种倾向
Past prediction
Past promise
Past decision
在过去还没发生的事情
Future in the past: other expressions
She was going to call me yesterday afternoon, but got in an accident.
His father was about to have a business trip next week.
The man said he was to take up the position.
She was on the point of leaving when we came in.
Won’t, can’t, doesn’t
The window won’t open.
The window can’t open.
The window doesn’t open.
这扇窗户怎么都打不开（强调主观意愿，实施者执意要打开）
这扇窗户打不开（客观事实，原来设计不能打开，是固定死的）
这扇窗户开不了（这扇窗是坏的，有质量问题）
may
should
must
can
ought to
would
might
had better
might
would
5. Need & dare
We need report the matter to the boss immediately.
We need to report the matter to the boss immediately.
You needn’t come so early.
Need I finish the work today
-Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.
5. Need & dare
How dare you say I’m unfair
He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he
If he dare break the rule, he will be punished.
主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句，一般不用于肯定句