2022年四川省成都市中考考前选词和首字母填空（WORD版含答案）

成都选词填空解析
要抓住两点：一是“放远”，二是“看近”。
放远：通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一 步。依据上下文，语境，眼光放远，从头到尾，根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测： 要求考生在: 了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，进行比较、判断，找出符合短文的词义.
看近： 依据此句前后，眼光就近。判词性：动副、动宾、介宾、系形、短语动词、介词短语、结构。
基本步骤 ：先通览全文（确定时态）；然后再考虑词性，语意，搭配
解题必须考虑的因素：
1) 词性1： 分清简单句、并列句、复合句，再分别对待。
（一）简单句：1：判断缺主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语哪一成分
: 2：哪些词性可以作这些成分，再根据所缺词的词义确定该词性的词。
（二）并列句（语法上互不依从的句子）：两个完整的句子中间缺词，考虑并列句方面。
1：选择并列联接词---__and_____, __but_____, __until___, __if____, __when____等。
2：复合句： 主要根据主句与从句的关系确定是哪一类复合句。 常考的复合句有：
3：宾语从句----__whatever___, __what___, __how___, ___who__, ___which__等；
4：定语从句----___that____, ___who_____, ___which______, ____whose_____,
5：状语从句---- 时间：__when___, _where__,__why___, __if___, __although___, __if 等;
条件：__unless/if_等; 原因：_why__等; 结果：__so that__, __so__ 等;
⑵ 词性2：
1；名词的修饰词可能是---___n______、___adj___、__to do 后置_____等。
2：形容词的修饰词可能是----___Adv_______。
3：形容词也属于修饰词----用来修饰adj__或__n__的，在句子中可作__表语__、_定语前:
4：动词的修饰词可能是----__adv____
5：副词属于修饰词----主要修饰__adj____、_adv_____、其他副词以及句子等。
固定搭配 : 习惯用法、固定搭配: not…but…不是…..而是….. , either…..or…
常见语法易错点：
1： one of +the+adj最高级+n复数。
2：to do 不定式表目的
3：（by提示词）表被动
4：（and,but,or并列句）：
（一）：词性---形容词，副词，名词可数不可数，保持一致
（二）：n词单复数
（三）：时态保持一致---最常考过去时
（第一篇）
短文填空： 从下面方框中选词, 将其正确形式填入短文, 使短文正确通顺(每词限用一次）。
one devement include educational conclude many
make discover nation science award much
National medals and honorary titles (荣誉称号)are usually awarded every five years. As a part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary (周年)of the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC．), President Xi Jinping awarded 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and _1___honorary titles. They come from different backgrounds, __2__scientists, lawmakers, ___3__, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people. All have made big contributions to the nation's construction and____4__. Here are some of the people we'll know.
Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who ___5__the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her __6___of the malaria drug artemisinin (抗疟药物青蒿素),is the __7_Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important __8___innovations (创新)in traditional Chinese medicine.
Tu is not the only one who has given her life to the country's development. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of China's Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST, 500米口径球面斑电望远镜), the world's largest radio telescope. He worked on the project for _9___than 20 years. His contributions to Chinese astronomy earned him the title, “the people's scientist".
Thanks to the great efforts ___10__by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country.
答案：
1．national 2．including 3．educators 4．develop 5．were awarded
6．discovery 7．first 8．scientific 9．more 10．made
（第二篇）
短文填空： 从下面方框中选词, 将其正确形式填入短文, 使短文正确通顺(每词限用一次）。
cross call another they fame same
performance appearance success simply difference ask
The Beatles were one of the__1___ and influential pop-music groups of the 1960s. The members include rhythm guitarist Lennon, bass guitarist McCartney, lead guitarist Harrison, and drummer Starr.
Lennon formed a band in Liverpool, England, while in high school in the mid-1950s. McCartney and then Harrison joined the group in the late 1950s. In its early years, the band also had several___2__ members. In 1962, they signed a recording contract（合同）with a large music company. At about this time, they chose Starr to replace（替代）drummer Pete Best.
At first, the Beatles' songs were lively and__3__. The first song was Love Me Do in 1962. __4__first hit came the following year, when Please Please Me climbed to the top of the Britishmusic charts（排行榜）.
The Beatles became very __5__in Britain. People started__6___ the excitement over the band Beatlemania. The Beatles became very popular in the United States after __7__on Ed Sullivan's television program in February, 1964. Teenage girls _8___the country screamed and fainted over them, and boys copied the Beatles' look. By April, the top five hits in the United States were all Beatles' songs.
In the late 1960s, the Beatles began creating more adventurous music with _9___musical styles. The band recorded the albums The Beatles (1968), Abbey Road (1969), and Let it Be (1970).
The pressure of fame led the Beatles to break up in 1970. All four continued their musical careers-Lennon with his wife, Yoko Ono; McCartney with band Wings and later as a solo__10_; and Starr and Harrison mainly as solo artists.
答案：
1．most successful 2．other 3．simple 4．Their 5．famous
6．calling 7．appearing 8．across 9．different 10．performer
（第三篇）
短文填空： 从下面方框中选词, 将其正确形式填入短文, 使短文正确通顺(每词限用一次）。
manage that take accord has this
worried agreement improvement many crazy useful
Smart-phones have become an important part of our daily lives. However, to protect younger students’ eyesight and make sure they focus on studies, primary and middle schools will have more rules to limit (限制) students’ mobile phone use at school.
The Ministry of Education (教育部) published a notice in January that restricts primary and middle school students from carrying mobile phones to school. __1____who still require their phone for some reason must get their parents’ and teachers’ approval and must hand their phones over during class time. The policy aims to___2___ students’ focus on study and fight addiction to the Internet and games.
It’s reported that China had about 200 million Internet ___3____under 18 by the year of 2020, with 72 percent ___4___their own mobile devices. This is worrying, as long-time use of smart-phones harms children’s eyesight, cervical vertebrae and even the brain, __5___to the WHO.
On Feb. 19th, Beijing Municipal Education Commission (教委) published a notice that asked all local primary and middle schools to include rules about smart-phone usage in school__6___. Schools should clarify where, how and who will take care of the phones from students.
Many schools ___7__action to limit students’ phone use at school. According to Zhou Dan, a teacher in Beijing, every classroom in her school has a box to store students’ phones during class. Before the new policy came out, she said that many students __8____about their phones and most of them lack self-discipline (自律), they spent too __9____time on the phone. But now great changes are happening to the students.
Li Hua, a student from Anhui,__10___ with the new policy. “In general, there’re more advantages.” he said. Li believes that the policy can help students put the focus back on study.
答案：
1．Those 2．improve 3．users 4．having 5．according
6．management 7．have taken 8．were crazy 9．much 10．agrees
（第四篇）
短文填空： 从下面方框中选词, 将其正确形式填入短文, 使短文正确通顺(每词限用一次）。
little seem replace similar useless familar
tradition simply everything be one exactly
“Books will soon be obsolete(废弃的，淘汰的) in schools,” Thomas Edison said in 1913: they would, he believed, soon _1___by silent films. Each new invention has brought the__2_ predictions. And each time, the old technologies of books, classrooms and teachers have stayed.
Like teachers, educational technology comes in many forms, from wonderful to terrible. But, __3__properly, it now is important in schools, especially in pour areas.
The UN’s goals included that by 2015 all the world’s children would finish primary school. The goal has been achieved: nine out of ten children__4_ now at school. However, the figure is not as brilliant as it sounds. Even most of the children go to school, a lot of them learn pretty much _5__there. A recent World Bank study shows, half of nine-year-old children in an African country can not read a ___6__word and a three-fourths can not read a simple sentence. The reason is terrible teaching. Only 7% of the teachers had the necessary knowledge and half the time the teacher was not in the classroom.
Paying teachers more, in hope of better___7__, is not the answer. Many methods are tried and things don’t change much.
Several studies suggest ed-tech can help. It ___8__have an effect. But it does not mean putting computers on schools in the hope that children will understand how to use them. If they do so, plenty of money is wasted. Instead, it means offering schools with software that children can use with __9___help from an adult. In this way, we can get things right more often and many things can be in control.
Technology can not be everything. Good __10__teachers are not obsolete, but ed-tech can help greatly--both students and teachers in their own way.
答案：
1．be replaced 2．similar 3．used 4．are 5．nothing
6．simple 7．ones 8．seems to 9．a little 10．traditional
成都首字母解析
主要考查学生在语境中对词汇的应用能力，包括词性转换，动词时态等。
考查重点是，名词，形容词，动词，副词
解题步骤：三定原则
定性-----------分析前后结构确定单词词性
定意------------联系前后句确定词意
定形------------综合考虑确定单词的正确形式（eg.名词：考虑单复数，所有格动词：时态，语态，非谓语。形容词&副词：比较级和最高级）
词性判断微技能：
形容词常见的结构：
结构1：不定冠词/定冠词+) _______ +名词（形容词作定语修饰名词
结构2：be/get 等系动词 （+副词）+__________.(形容词作表语)
结构3：make 等使役动词+名词+_________.(形容词作宾语补足语)
判断动词常见结构：
结构1：名词+_______ +名词（空格前名词做主语，空格后的名词做宾语，所填词为谓语动词且动词为及物动词）
结构2：名词+__________.(副词/介词)
结构3：have /has /had /be +_______.
构4：（连词）+_______+其他非主要成分，+一个完整结构的句子.（空格处很可能为动词的过去分词或现在分词作状语。过去分词表示与其逻辑主语是被动关系，现在分词表示与其逻辑主语是主动关系）
判断副词常见结构：
结构1：_______ +动词，或者 动词 +______.
结构2：__________+形容词。
结构3：_______,+一个完整的句子。副词作状语，修饰整个句子。
判断名词常见结构
结构1： 冠词+n. 结构2：形容词+n. 结构3：及物动词+n.
结构4：介词+n. 结构5：形容词性物主代词+n
结构6: 数词+n. 结构7：the+ n.+ of
1．If we don’t protect the environment well, we’ll be ________（惩罚）sooner or later.
2．We’ll find out ________ (是否) it turns out to be a good idea or not.
3．Students who seriously break school rules are supposed to be ________ (惩罚).
4．There’s a ________ (传统) in our family that we have a party on New Year’s Eve.
5．Home is a place which is full of ________ (温暖) and happiness.
6．Big cities can be lonely places if you have no friends or ________ (亲戚) there.
7．I closed my eyes and felt the ________ (温暖) of the sun.
8．She said she would be ________（死的，去世的） by jumping into a well.
9．According to a legend, during the Han Dynasty, a palace woman named Yuanxiao was prevented from visiting her ________（亲属）on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
10．________（无论谁）took the magic medicine could live forever.
11．—Where’s the station
—Sorry, I’m a __________（陌生人）here myself.
12．Most parents has told their daughters not to speak to ______ (陌生人) .
13．The new ________ (小说) engaged his attention and interest.
14．We Chinese people started the tradition of ________ (欣赏) the moon long ago.
15．June had brought with it the first of the summer ________ (温暖).
16．A middle-aged woman was found _______（死亡）in her house last night.
17．She tried everything to stop her father ________ (惩罚) her brother Jack.
18．Anna is much more relaxed around her friends than around _____ （陌生人）.
19．The future is something we ________(创造), but not something we enter.
20．Larry is rich. He often goes to NewYork for his ________（生意）.
21．The Spring Festival involves a return home for a family meal before midnight, followed by days of visits to ________ (亲戚) houses.
22．He often eats some ________(甜点) after dinner.
23．December 24th is ________ (圣诞节) Eve.
24．The good news ________ (传播) quickly; almost everyone knew it in the city.
25．Larry is very rich. He often goes to America for his ________(生意).
26．We all ________(仰慕) him for his wide knowledge.
27．The man's ________(死) made all of us very sad.
28．Lily likes reading ________(小说) and she is good at Chinese.
29．I don't know the ________(陌生人).Can you tell me who he is
30．Most of the students thought John ________(偷) David’s money yesterday.
31．When my father called me from my hometown, I could feel the __(温暖) over the phone.
32．Don’t talk to ________ (陌生人). It might put you in danger.
33．The doctor told Mrs. Brown not to eat too many ________ (甜点) .
34．The man has been ________ (死亡) for ten years.
35．Don't talk loudly in class, or you'll be________（惩罚）.
36．Mr. Wang has written five________（小说） since 2000.
37．Are you quite shy when you speak with________（陌生人）
38．Mary found great fun working in the small ____(花园).
39．According to Chinese history, sky______（灯笼）were first used by Zhuge Kongming.
40．Jack comes from America, but he knows many ____(传统) folk stories about Chinese festivals.
41．I ____(仰慕) those hard-working people.
42．Someone ____(偷) some valuable jewelry(珠宝) in that shop last week.
43．Have you ever seen different ____(蜘蛛)
44．Halloween in North America is a festival for ____(鬼).
45．Lucy ____(招待) her friends to dinner last week.
46．Don’t do that with those ____(花招).
47．It is said that this is a ____(闹鬼的) house. Nobody dares to go into it.
48．As for ____(甜食), I like ice-cream best.
49．We shouldn’ t p________ (惩罚) him for the small mistake.
50．_______ (不管) it's summer or winter, Mudanjiang is a good place to take a holiday.
二、根据首字母填空
51．Don’t talk to s________ on your way home.
52．Please reply before Friday and tell me w_______you can come to my party or not.
53．—It is said that the Japanese government has decided to discharge its nuclear sewage(排放核污水) into the Pacific Ocean.
—If it does, it will be p________ by the nature in the future.
54．His pet dog has been d________ for two years, but he is still sad now.
55．We all a________ (仰慕) those heroes who work hard to fight against the virus (病毒).
56．A s______ is someone you have never met before.
57．I would like to wish you a merry C_________ and a happy New Year.
58．It's a tradition to visit our r________ during the Spring Festival.
59．If I am late for school again, I will be p______ (惩罚) by Mr. Zhang.
60．People in the ancient time always sent sky l________ out to ask for help when in trouble .
参考答案
1．punished
【详解】句意：如果我们不保护好环境，我们迟早会受到惩罚。punish惩罚，此处用于will be done结构中，构成一般将来时的被动语态，故填punished。
2．whether
【详解】句意：我们将会知道这是否是个好主意。是否：whether/if；分析句子可知，这是一个宾语从句，whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用，而if一般不能。故填whether。
3．punished
【详解】句意：严重违反校规的学生应该受到惩罚。根据句意，主语“Students”和动词“惩罚”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用动词不定式的被动语态，构成形式为：to be done；惩罚：punish，过去分词是punished。故填punished。
4．tradition
【详解】句意：我们家有个传统，在新年前夕开个晚会。此前有a修饰，使用名词单数tradition，故填tradition。
5．warmth
【详解】句意：家是一个充满温暖和幸福的地方。warmth“温暖”，是一个名词，放在介词of后作宾语，故填warmth。
6．relatives
【详解】句意：大城市可能是孤独的地方，如果你没有朋友或亲戚在那里。“亲戚”译为relative，or连接并列成分，根据“friends”可知此处也用复数形式。故填relatives。
7．warmth
【详解】句意：我闭上眼睛，感受阳光的温暖。冠词the后接名词，根据中文提示，warmth表示“温暖”，不可数名词，故填warmth。
8．dead
【详解】句意：她说跳进井里会死的。dead“死的，去世的”，在句中作表语，故填dead。
9．relatives
【详解】句意：相传在汉朝，一位名叫元宵的宫女被禁止在正月十五与亲戚团圆。relative表示“亲戚”，此处表示泛指，用复数形式。故填relatives。
10．Whoever
【详解】句意：无论谁吃了这神奇的药就可以长生不老。“无论谁”英文表达是whoever，因其位于句首，所以首字母要大写，故填Whoever。
11．stranger
【详解】句意：——车站在哪里？ ——对不起，我对这里也不熟悉。由语境和中文提示可知，stranger意为“陌生人”；由冠词a可知，此处需用名词单数。故填stranger。
12．strangers
【详解】句意：大多数父母都告诉他们的女儿不要和陌生人说话。根据中文提示，stranger表示“陌生人”，此空应填复数名词表泛指，故填strangers。
13．novel
【详解】句意：这部新小说引起了他的注意和兴趣。空格处应该填名词作主语。“小说”可以用novel表示，可数名词。根据语境可知，应该用单数形式，the new novel“这本新小说”。故填novel。
14．admiring
【详解】句意：我们中国人很久以前就开始赏月的传统了。admire“欣赏”，admire the moon“赏月”；of是介词，其后应接动词的动名词形式。故填admiring。
15．warmth
【详解】句意：六月带来了夏天的第一缕暖意。根据句中summer可知，后面修饰的应该是名词；warm暖和的，是形容词，其名词形式为warmth，故填warmth.
16．dead
【详解】句意：昨天晚上，一名中年妇女被发现死在家中。由“A middle-aged woman was found…”可知，一名妇女被发现死在家中，此处表示“死亡”的状态，故用形容词dead“死的”作主语补足语。故填dead。
17．punishing
【详解】句意：她想尽一切办法阻止她父亲惩罚她的弟弟杰克。“惩罚”译为punish。stop sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事，是固定搭配。此处用punish的动名词形式punishing。故填punishing。
18．strangers
【详解】句意：安娜和朋友在一起比和陌生人在一起更放松。根据中文提示，可知单词为：stranger“陌生人”，可数名词。结合语境和“around her friends”可知应该用其复数形式，故填strangers。
19．create
【详解】句意：未来是我们创造的，而不是我们进入（未来）。
空格处所给中文提示为“创造”。create作动词，意为“创造”，根据后半句but not something we enter可知，两处结构相同，都是先行词为something的定语从句，动词create应和enter一样，用动词原形，故答案为create。
20．business
【详解】句意：拉里很富有。他经常去纽约出差。his是形容词性物主代词，其后应接名词；business“生意”，不可数名词。故填business。
21．relatives’
【详解】句意：春节包括在午夜前回家吃团圆饭，然后是几天的走亲戚。“亲戚”relative，可数名词；由houses可知设空处用复数名词的所有格形式，故填relatives’。
22．desserts
【详解】句意：他晚饭后经常吃一些甜点。根据中文提示可知“甜点”翻译为“dessert”，是可数名词。该空前有some“一些”修饰，所以这里应该用复数形式，故填desserts。
23．Christmas
【详解】句意：12月24日是圣诞前夕。根据中文提示，Christmas“圣诞节”，专有名词首字母要大写，故填Christmas。
24．spread
【详解】句意：好消息传播的很快；城市里几乎每个人都知道了。空格处缺谓语动词，根据“knew”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式；spread “传播”，为动词，其过去式为spread，故填spread。
25．business
【详解】句意：Larry非常富有。他经常去美国出差。形容词性物主代词his后接名词作宾语，根据中文提示，business“生意”，不可数名词，故填business。
26．admire
【详解】句意：我们都很钦佩他的博学。“仰慕”英文表达为admire；由语境可知，句子是一般现在时，主语“We”是复数形式，谓语动词用原形即可。故填admire。
27．death
【详解】句意：这个男人的死让我们都很难过。名词所有格“the man's”后接名词作宾语，death“死”，是不可数名词，故填death。
28．novels
【详解】句意：莉莉喜欢读小说，她擅长语文。novel小说，是可数名词，此处表示类别，用复数名词表一类，故填novels。
29．stranger
【详解】句意：我不认识那个陌生人。你能告诉我他是谁吗？stranger陌生人，根据代词he可知，此处是单数名词，故填stranger。
30．stole
【详解】句意：大部分同学认为John昨天偷了David的钱。根据句子结构，可知，此空缺少谓语动词。steal“偷”，动词，时间状语“yesterday”是一般过去时标志词，动词用其过去式stole，故填stole。
31．warmth
【详解】句意：当我父亲从家乡给我打电话时，我能在电话里感受到温暖。根据句子结构，空格处应填名词，warmth作不可数名词，意为“温暖”，符合句意，故填warmth。
32．strangers
【详解】句意：不要和陌生人说话。它可能会把你置于危险之中。陌生人：stranger；由语境可知此处表示泛指所有陌生人，名词用复数strangers。故填strangers。
33．desserts
【详解】句意：医生告诉布朗太太不要吃太多甜点。甜点：dessert；many后接名词复数desserts。故填desserts。
34．dead
【详解】句意：这个人已经死了十年了。此句为现在完成时，且有时间段“for ten years”,动词需用延续性动词。die“死亡”，短暂性动词，其对应的延续性动词是be dead，故填dead。
35．punished
【详解】句意：不要在课堂上大声说话，不然你就会受到惩罚。根据or you'll be (惩罚），可知这里you和punish之间应该是被动关系，又含有will，所以句子使用一般将来时的被动语态，构成will be+动词的过去分词，所以用动词punish“惩罚”的过去分词punished，故填punished。
36．novels
【详解】句意：王先生自2000年以来写了五部小说。“小说”的英语表达是novel；five后跟可数名词复数。故填novels。
37．strangers
【详解】句意：当你和陌生人讲话时会很害羞吗？“陌生人”可用stranger表示，此处表示复数含义，所以使用名词复数形式作宾语，故填strangers。
38．garden
【详解】句意：玛丽在小小的花园工作发现了很大的乐趣。介词in后面缺宾语，根据“the small”可知此处用单数名词，表达“花园”用名词garden。故填garden。
39．lanterns
【详解】句意：根据中国历史，天灯是诸葛孔明最早使用的。lantern可数名词，表示“灯笼”。由句中的“were”可知，此处用lantern的复数形式。故填lanterns。
40．traditional
【详解】句意：杰克来自美国，但是他知道很多关于中国节日的传统民间故事。名词“folk stories”前用形容词修饰，此处表示“传统的”用形容词traditional做定语。故填traditional。
41．admire
【详解】句意：我钦佩那些努力工作的人。admire钦佩、仰慕，动词，此句为一般现在时，主语I不是第三人称单数，故填admire。
42．stole
【详解】句意：上周某个人偷了那个商店的一些有价值的珠宝。根据“last week”可知句子讲述的是过去的动作，此处谓语动词用一般过去时态，表示“偷”用动词steal的过去式stole。故填stole。
43．spiders
【详解】句意：你见过不同的蜘蛛吗？different意为“不同的”，后跟可数名词复数。故填spiders。
44．ghosts
【详解】句意：万圣节在北美是鬼魂的节日。for是介词，后接名词。ghost“鬼”，可数名词，此空不是单指一个鬼，所以要用名词复数形式ghosts，故填ghosts。
45．treated
【详解】句意：露西上星期请她的朋友吃饭。根据句子结构，此空缺谓语动词，treat“招待”，动词，固定搭配：treat sb to dinner“请某人吃饭”。时间状语last week是一般过去时标志词，故填treated。
46．tricks
【详解】句意：不要用那些把戏做那种事。those后接复数名词，trick表示“花招”，是名词，其复数形式是tricks，故填tricks。
47．haunted
【详解】句意：据说这是一座闹鬼的房子，没人敢进去。此空修饰名词house，所以用形容词作定语。haunted表示“闹鬼的”，形容词，故填haunted。
48．dessert
【详解】句意：至于甜食，我最喜欢冰淇淋。“as for”后面接名词，表示“甜食”是泛指，用不可数名词dessert。故填dessert。
49．punish
【详解】句意：我们不应该因为这个小错误而惩罚他。
空处的词在情态动词shouldn’ t之后，应为动词原形；结合汉语提示可知，空处的词应是动词punish，故答案为punish。
50．Whether
【详解】句意：不管是夏天还是冬天，牡丹江都是一个度假的好地方。
根据“summer or winter”可知此处用whether…or…的结构表示“不管是夏天还是冬天”。句首首字母w大写。故答案为Whether。
51．(s)trangers
【详解】句意：不要在回家的路上和陌生人说话。根据“Don’t talk to”及首字母，可知，不要跟陌生人说话，stranger“陌生人”，此空应填复数名词表泛指，故填(s)trangers。
52．whether
【详解】句意：请在周五前回复我，并告诉我你是否能来我的派对。根据“you can come to my party or not.”可知，此处表达请在周五前回复我，你是否能来我的派对，whether...or not“是否”，whether引导宾语从句。故填whether。
53．punished
【详解】句意：——据说日本政府已决定将其核污水排入太平洋。——如果是这样的话，将来就会受到大自然的惩罚。根据语境及“It is said that the Japanese government has decided to discharge its nuclear sewage into the Pacific Ocean.”可推出若是放核污水进太平洋，将会受到自然的惩罚，此处是punish“惩罚”，主语与动词之间是被动关系，空格前有will be，此处动词应用过去分词，构成一般将来时的被动，故填punished。
54．dead
【详解】句意：他的宠物狗已经死了两年了，但是他现在仍然很伤心。根据“for two years”可知，时态为现在完成时，动词要用延续性动词。“死”可以用die表示，但是此单词是非延续性动词。此时可以用be dead来表示状态，状态可以延续。“死了两年”可以表示为have/has been dead for two yeas。故填dead。
55．admire
【详解】句意：我们都仰慕那些努力抗击病毒的英雄们。“仰慕”为admire，是动词，结合句意，是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为we，谓语动词应用动词原形形式，故填admire。
56．stranger
【详解】句意：陌生人是你以前从没见过的人。a后接可数名词单数，根据“...someone you have never met before.”可知，此处指“陌生人”，用stranger表示。故填stranger。
57．Christmas
【详解】句意：祝你圣诞快乐，新年快乐。根据“a happy New Year”，可知，此处也是一个节日的祝福，结合“merry”和首字母C，可知，此处表示“圣诞快乐”，Christmas“圣诞”，故填Christmas。
58．relatives
【详解】句意：春节走亲访友是一个传统。根据“It's a tradition to visit our…during the Spring Festival.”和首字母提示可知，此处表示“亲友”，可用relative表示，此处表示复数含义，所以使用名词复数形式，故填relatives。
59．punished
【详解】句意：如果我上学再迟到，我将受到张老师的惩罚。根据首字母和汉语提示，punish表示“惩罚”；结合语境，主语I是动词punish的受动者，需用“be done”被动语态结构，故填punished。
60．lanterns
【详解】句意：在古代，人们总是在遇到困难的时候发送孔明灯来寻求帮助。根据“People in the ancient time always sent sky…out to ask for help when in trouble”及首字母，并结合常识，可知，古代人们有困难时用发送孔明灯的方式来寻求帮助，此空填名词lantern“灯笼”，可数名词前无冠词修饰，要其复数形式，故填lanterns。