(共25张PPT)
每周一句:
Today is difficult,and tomorrow may be more difficult,but the day after tomorrow must be easy!
名
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与名校名师面对面 与命题专家面对面
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第35讲 完形填空
名 词
完形填空
2017-2021年杭州市中考完形填空考点统计
命题角度 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017
文体 夹叙夹议文 记叙文 记叙文 记叙文 记叙文
话题 教育故事 生活故事 教育故事 生活故事 教育故事
段落 3 9 6 5 4
词数 289 262 293 247 262
考点 名词 3 2 4 3 4
实义动词 5 7 2 3 4
形容词(短语) 3 1 2 2 2
副词 - 2 2 2 1
代词 1 1 1 2 2
名 词
完形填空
考点 连词 1 - 1 1 -
介词(短语) 1 1 - - 1
形容词最高级 - - - - -
动词短语 1 1 2 2 1
宾语从句引导词 - - 1 - -
完形填空这一题型主要考查考生对基础知识的掌握程度和其阅读水平,其中包括对词汇的掌握能力,对习惯用法、语法及句型的运用,以及对文章句子、主旨大意的理解能力。分析杭州近几年的中考真题可知,该题型体裁多为记叙文,话题主要为有教育意义的故事,包含情感故事、哲理故事、人物经历等,词数通常在250—300左右,目的在于让学生领会其中的正能量和积极意义。在考点分布上,以考查实词为主,虚词为辅,主要包括名词、动词(短语)、形容词(短语)、副词、连词、代词、介词(短语)等。
完形填空
1.突破首句,获取尽可能多的信息。
重视首句、突破首句。完形填空题所选用短文的第一句话通常是不设空的,目的是给考生一个整体印象,同时提示短文的中心内容或提供故事发生的时间、地点、背景等。
2.通读全文,把握文章的基本脉络。
做完形填空题应着眼于语篇理解,因为完形填空题中干扰项的设置极具迷惑性,如果操之过急,见空就填,可能会“只见树木,不见森林”。因此,正确的做法是先快速浏览全文,理清文章脉络,掌握文章大意,了解作者意图,为下一步去逐个解题寻找判断的依据。同时,通读全文也解决
答题技巧指导
了那些需要通过上下文或联系语篇语境的题目。
为了快速浏览全文,掌握大意,在阅读过程中要特别注意文章和段落的首尾句,因为这些句子往往就是整个篇章或段落的主题思想。它还能让你很快了解文章的体裁、形式、涉及的内容及作者的意图。获得这些重要信息,对接下来的做题至关重要。
3.研读全文,初步确定答案。
掌握了文章的大意后,就为进一步做题奠定了基础。这时应细读全文,按照文章内容的前后顺序并结合备选答案,边读边分析,推断正确选项。同时,对试题的测试部分(即文中空格)要进行认真分析。一般的设空词有
答题技巧指导
语用固定型和语境逻辑型两大类。语用固定型题目一般是较为常见的语法结构、词汇及习语等,这部分试题可先行解决。在先行解决一部分试题后,部分语句已经通畅,也就有了更为完整的信息,这有助于进一步了解语篇及作者意图。再经过对已知信息的分析、推理,语境逻辑型试题也会迎刃而解。
当然,在做题过程中也会出现一部分题目的四个选项填到空格中时,每一个单独的语句都是符合语法规则的情况,这时考生就应该利用已知信息,挖掘深层含义,联系上下文,根据文章的主旨和语境要求,把握词义的细微差别,排除干扰项。
答题技巧指导
4.复读全文,全面验证答案。
填完空格后,重读全文,这也是解题过程中至关重要的一环。此时考生对文章已经有了一个相对完整的了解,对文章的理解也更进了一步,也就摸清了文章内在发展的逻辑关系。而如果在此时再读一遍文章,就有可能会发现一些其他原来没有注意到的问题,同时根据对语篇的理解及内在的联系,反复推敲、比较异同,从中选择一个最符合文章意义的答案。
答题技巧指导
典例分析
【典例分析】(2021杭州)
Something that I learnt from both my parents was the importance of having respect(尊重) for other people.I remember one day when we were traveling on a bus and 36 sat down while other people were standing.My mother shouted at me,“ 37 immediately! You have young legs and you don't need to sit down.”At the time I felt embarrassed about being told off 38 ,but now I understand.I think children nowadays have 39 that respect and it really makes me angry if I see children sitting down while 40 people are standing.
One area in which we had a lot of rules was table 41 . For example,we weren't allowed to start our meal 42 the oldest person had started.We had to say “thank you” when our food was 43 ,and eat everything on our plates before we could 44 the table.We couldn't make any noise when eating.Worse than that,we were only 45 to have sweets at the weekend,as a special 46 if we had been good.
Although my upbringing(养育) was perhaps a bit 47 compared with modern children,I'm very thankful to my parents for giving me a clear 48 . in life.Even though I was sometimes 49 ,I think it has made me a better
典例分析
person.In my view,children need clear rules,but more than that they need to learn how to get on with 50 people and realize they are not the center of the world.
典例分析
36.A.they B.you C.I D.she
37.A.Get up B.Sit up C.Give up D.Look up
38.A.in order B.in public C.in surprise D.in person
39.A.won B.shown C.wasted D.lost
40.A.older B.richer C.taller D.heavier
41.A.designs B.manners C.materials D.sizes
42.A.if B.because C.until D.though
43.A.cooked B.eaten C.prepared D.served
典例分析
44.A.move B.book C.leave D.lay
45.A.allowed B.forced C.warned D.advised
46.A.lesson B.treat C.choice D.need
47.A.simple B.interesting C.normal D.strict
48.A.direction B.answer C.introduction D.plan
49.A.protected B.encouraged C.fooled D.punished
50.A.some B.other C.few D.several
典例分析
【文章大意】在我的成长过程中,父母制订了很多家规,这些规则给了我的人生明确的方向,使我变得更好。我认为孩子们应该学习规则,不能以自我为中心。
36.C【解析】 根据下文提及的“You have young legs and you don't need to sit down”可知,当时我坐着,而其他人站着,故用I。
37.A【解析】get up起床,起来;sit up坐起来;give up放弃;look up查阅,向上看。根据设空后的“You have young legs and you don't need to sit down”可知,母亲说的是“立刻站起来”,故用Get up。
38.B 【解析】in order按顺序;in public 当众,公开地;in surprise惊奇地;in person亲自。上文提到妈妈在公共汽车上责备我,由此可知此处是说,当众被责备让我感到很尴尬,故用in public。
39.D 【解析】win 赢得;show展示,表明;waste浪费;lose失去。下文提到孩子们坐着,大人们却站着,由此可知我认为现在的孩子不尊敬老人,即孩子们失去了对老人的尊重,故用lost。
40.A 【解析】 此处是说,孩子们坐着,而更年长的大人们却站着,因此用older。richer更富裕的;taller更高的;heavier更重的。
41.B 【解析】design 设计; manner礼仪; material材料;size尺寸。本段主要讲的是餐桌礼仪,故用manners。
42.C 【解析】此处是说,直到年纪最大的人开始吃饭,我们才被允许开始吃饭,故用until“直到”。if 如果; because因为;though尽管。
43.D 【解析】cook烹饪; eat吃;prepare准备;serve提供,端上。结合文意及常识可知此处是说,当我们的食物被端上来的时候,我们得说“谢谢”,故用served。
44.C 【解析】move移动,搬家; book预订;leave离开;lay摆放(餐具),下蛋,放置。我们吃完盘子里的所有食物才能离开餐桌,故用leave。
45.A 【解析】allow允许; force强迫,迫使; warn警告; advise建议。上文中列举了一些餐桌礼仪,我们被允许做什么,不被允许做什么。由此可推知此处是说,我们只在周末被允许吃甜食,故用allowed。
46.B 【解析】lesson课,教训;treat款待,乐趣; choice选择;need 需要。此处是说,我们如果一直很乖,才会在周末被允许吃甜食开心一下,故用treat。
47.D 【解析】simple简单的; interesting 有趣的; normal 正常的; strict严格的。妈妈在公共汽车上因为我没有让座当众责备我,因此与现在的小孩相比,父母对我的养育有点严格,故选D。
48.A 【解析】direction方向; answer回答;introduction介绍;plan计划。根据下文中的“I think it has made me a better person”可知,我感激父母,因为他们给了我的人生明确的方向,故用direction。
49.D 【解析】protect保护; encourage鼓励; fool欺骗,愚弄; punish惩罚。上文提到父母对我很严厉,由此可推知,有时候我会受到惩罚,故用punished。
50.B 【解析】在我看来,孩子们需要清楚的规则,但是除此之外,他们更需要学习如何与他人和睦相处,并且更要意识到他们不是世界的中心。此处表示“其他的”应用other.
【先悟后练】(2021年杭州市余杭区初三五模)
Poppie woke early in the morning because of her violin exam.She 1 for the final time that her violin was perfectly tuned (调音) for this 2 . moment.Then,her mother drove her to the music center where the exam was to be held.
“ 3 !”Mom said cheerfully.“I'll collect you after your exam.”
Poppie slid from the front seat of the car and opened the back door to collect her violin.As she stopped to say goodbye,a sudden wind 4 the car door.It slammed(砰地关上)shut 5 Poppie could move her hand out of the way.
“Aargh!”Poppie cried,as she instinctively(本能地) 6 her wounded fingers from the closed door.She 7 her violin case on the ground and held her wounded fingers with the other hand.
Right away,Mom was by her side.“Oh,Poppie!That must be so 8 !”she said.“Don't worry,I'll go and tell Mr. Hardy that you won't be able to do your exam 9 .”
“No,Mom! I 10 so long and I've practiced really hard.I want to do my exam today.”
“Are you 11 ? ”Mom asked,with a caring note in her voice.
“Yes,I'll be fine,”said Poppie 12 .“I'll have time to 13 before I play for the examiner.”
Poppie didn't 14 the accident to Mr. Hardy,her violin teacher.She knew he would try to talk her out of doing the exam.
In the exam room,Poppie played her pieces beautifully,and the 15 was most pleased.
先悟后练
1.A.expected B.checked C.planned D.dreamed
2.A.surprising B.difficult C.important D.magical
3.A.Lucky you B.All the best C.Congratulations D.Take your time
4.A.entered B.broke C.moved D.caught
5.A.until B.as C.before D.after
6.A.prevented B.pulled C.kept D.separated
7.A.put B.left C.spread D.dropped
8.A.dangerous B.harmful C.serious D.painful
B
C
B
D
C
B
D
D
先悟后练
9.A.tomorrow B.today C.tonight D.next time
10.A.stayed B.rested C.waited D.thought
11.A.sure B.joking C.crazy D.ready
12.A.bravely B.politely C.wisely D.proudly
13.A.make up B.warm up C.catch up D.cheer up
14.A.mention B.show C.bring D.introduce
15.A.teacher B.examiner C.mother D.player
B
C
A
A
B
A
B一 , Analysis of the teaching material
这是九年级第三轮复习。
从小学开始,只要是英语考试,就有完形填空题,关于解题方法,每个英语老师都有讲到。今天只不过是形成文字及steps。
二,Analysis of the students
学生对英语的掌握基本定型,提升空间应该是不大的,但乾坤未定,你我皆是黑马。只要有1%的可能就要做99%的努力。
三,Learing objectives
希望通过这节课,以后做完形填空题时,不再一拿笔就填,而是有文章的篇幅意识。2022.5.17
七、学习过程:
V. Activities
Procedures Students’ activities Teachers’ activities Assessments Intentions
I.Warm up (2’) Share a beautiful sentence. Read together with ss 大部分学生能跟着一起读 励志:学习很苦,坚持更酷。
II.Review (5’) Read the PPT. Ex plain the four steps. Pay attention to the words in red 以汉语形式总结,结合已有经验,让思路更清晰。 他山之石,可以攻玉。
III. Exercise. (8’) P172 Walk from time to time. Help ss if necessary .大部分同学能够先自己做,再核对并解读原因 解读原因,温故知新。
IV.Exercises(20’) Do exercise. Give ss enough time to finish。 基本都能完成。 程度好的,完成就交,面批。 如遇错题,红笔划出,再推敲。
VCheck (15’) Correct . Write down the reason Check the answers by asking ss to share their own answers and reasons. 绝大部分学生会参与其中 倾听学生的想法,对症下药地解惑。
VI. Homework A本P38C篇