2022届高考二轮英语复习：专题十 定语从句（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考二轮英语复习：专题十 定语从句（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-05-22 17:27:25 | ||
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【通用版】专题十 定语从句—2023届高考英语一轮复习夯基固本时时练
一、填空题
1.The hours _____________ the children spend in their one-way relationship with mobile phone people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.
2.Sympathy is much needed in this world ________ a lot of changes has taken place because of the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in 2020.
3.I miss the days ________ I was able to hang out with my best friend.
4.There are two reasons ________ I've decided to read one of his letters to the audience nationwide.
5.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.
6.We study in a classroom, ______________ door faces south.
7.He has many close friends, most of _______ are kind and generous.
8._____ is typical of modern novels, the plot isn't very important, instead the emphasis is on how characters react to ordinary events.
9.The museum is very spacious, _________ provides a comfortable environment for visitors to appreciate art.
10.Have you ever seen the film Wolf Warriors Ⅱ, _________ leading actor is Wu Jing
11.She is the girl _______ brother is studying abroad.
12.In many ways, the education system in China is different from _________ in western countries.
13.People _________ frequently participate in physical exercises should account for over 45 percent of the population by 2035.
14.—Have you heard that our primary school will be torn down next year
—Really I suppose it is such bad news _________ most of its former and present students will feel upset about.
15.Creating a successful team _______ employees(员工) feel they belong is a big challenge.
16.He's a very good actor, _________ a lot of comedians are not, and he's a good director and a good writer as well.
17._________ is often the case, the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.
18.The old man, for ________ life had been very hard, donated his possessions to poor villages in Anhui.
19.Mary and Jim made an appointment of an interview at 8 on Saturday morning, ________ they would be free.
20._________ is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.
二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since a guideline was released in August by the General Office of the State Council, efforts have been stepped up ①______(protect) intangible cultural heritage.
“It was a substantial protective policy, and many students in vocational schools are now in training ②______ intangible cultural heritage skills,” said Tian Jing, an inheritor of “purple pottery firing” from Jianshui county, Yunnan province.
Jianshui's purple pottery is made from the local “five-color” clay, and ③______ (develop) quickly during the Qing Dynasty. At last year's two sessions, Tian proposed increasing ④______ number of intangible cultural heritage teachers at medium-level vocational schools in areas inhabited by ethnic minority groups and ⑤(build) national intangible cultural heritage digital museums. “The ⑥______ (propose) have made advancements,” Tian said.
Tian, 45, established a purple pottery learning center in 2018, ⑦______ a national guideline was issued to support the founding of intangible cultural heritage workshops to create jobs and teach ⑧______ (tradition) art skills to people who were overcoming poverty. The center has trained more than 100 women in rural areas in the craft, which Tian has been studying ⑨______ she was 17 years old.
At present more than 40,000 people in Jianshui county ⑩______ (involve) in the purple pottery industry, which had an output value of more than 4 billion yuan ($631 million) last year.
三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For travelers who used to think that Chinese farmers live in poor conditions, the rural tours can be quite an eye opener. ①_______(travel) to Jiangsu's rural villages, many of which look like beautiful postcard scenes, might be totally different from ②_______ you have imagined. A rural tour to the province might allow travelers to have a glance at their daily lives as well as the ③_______ (develop) of China's rural areas in recent years.
Longshang village, which has 140 people from 51 households, is ④_______ (locate) at the foot of Youzi Mountain in Nanjing’s Gaochun district. It used to have ruined houses, ⑤_______ (mud) roads and annoying flies everywhere. In 2017, experts ⑥_______ (invite) to design the village's landscape and help restore its ancient buildings. Now it has become ⑦_______ “internet celebrity" and attracted many visitors ⑧_______ (draw) by its tea houses, cafes and book stores.
Also in Nanjing, Bulao village in Pukou district, known as Never Aging village, has attracted many who are interested in finding the secret of staying young. ⑨_______ clean water and refreshing air, the village impresses many by its stone streets, ancient-style farm houses and various sports venues ⑩_______ people can go hiking, play baseball and go fishing.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：that/which/不填
解析： 考查定语从句。句意：孩子们在与电视中的人物的单向关系中花费的时间无疑会影响他们在现实生活中的人际关系。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the hours，关系代词which或that引导从句，在从句中作spent的宾语，可省略。故填that/which/不填。
2.答案：where
解析： 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在这个2020年新型冠状病毒爆发后发生了很多变化的世界，我们很需要同情。分析句子，该空需要一个关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词this world，“在这个……的世界里”，定语从句中主语是changes，谓语动词take place。不及物无被动。所以关系词代替先行词在从句中做地点状语，所以应填where。故填where。
3.答案：when
解析： 先行词days在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
4.答案：why
解析：这是一个定语从句,先行词是two reasons,在句中作原因状语,所以用why来引导。故填why。
5.答案：that
解析：句意:他高兴地谈起了在学校让他非常感兴趣的那些人和书。定语从句缺少主语,应用关系代词;当定语从句先行词既有人又有物时,应用that引导。
6.答案：whose
解析： 考查定语从句，a classroom是先行词，the classroom's door教室的门，故答案为whose.
7.答案：whom
8.答案：As
解析：句意为:正如现代小说的典型特征,剧情不是非常重要,重点在于角色对普通事件的反应。_____ is typical of modern novels在此是非限制性定语从句,关系词代指主句全部内容,在从句中作主语, which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后,所以应用关系代词As。
9.答案：which
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:这家博物馆非常宽敞,为游客提供了一个欣赏艺术的舒适环境。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是"The museum is very spacious"，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。
10.答案：whose
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:你看过电影《战狼2》吗 它的男主角是吴京。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the film Wolf Warriors Ⅱ,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰"leading actor",与"leading actor"之间是所属关系,应用whose引导该从句。故填whose。
11.答案：whose
12.答案：that
解析：句意:中国的教育体制在很多方面都不同于西方国家的教育体制。根据句意可知,此处应用that指代前面已经提到过的单数名词 the education system。
13.答案：who/that
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:到2035年,经常参加身体锻炼的关数将占人口总数的45%。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是"People",指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who或者that引导该从句。故填who/that。
14.答案：as
解析：考查定语从句。句意为：你有没有听说我们的小学明年要被拆除了？真的吗？我想这个学校大多数以前的学生和现在的学生知道这个坏消息都会感到难过的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，在从句中作"about"的宾语，先行词是"bad news"，且其前有such修饰，所以用as引导该定语从句。故填as。
15.答案：where
16.答案：which
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:他是一个非常好的演员,许多喜剧演员却不是(好演员),而且他也是一个好的导演和好的作家。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是"very good actor",指演员,且关系词在从句中作表语,应用which引导该从句。故填which。
17.答案：As
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:这个女孩忘记带她的字典,这是常有的事。as is often the case是固定短语,意为“情况常常如此,这是常有的事,通常就是这样”。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是逗号后的整个句子,关系词在从句中作主语,意为“正如”,应用as引导该从句。先行词位于句首时只能用as,不能用which,故填As。注意首字母大写。
18.答案：whom
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:这位生活已经非常艰难的老人把自己的财产捐到了安徽省的贫困村庄。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是"The old man",指人,关系词在从句中作介词"for"的宾语,应用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。
19.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:Mary和Jim预约的面试时间是星期六上午8点,那时他们都有空。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是"8 on Saturday morning",表示时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用when引导该从句。故填when。
20.答案：As
解析：可以引导位于主句前的非限制性定语从句的关系词只有as。
二、
答案：1. to protect2. for3. developed/was developing4. the5. building6. proposals7. when8. traditional9. since10. are involved
解析： ①考查非谓语动词。句意:自8月国务院办公厅印发的一个指导意见以来,非物质文化遗产保护工作不断加强。所给动词protect在句中作目的状语,应使用动词不定式形式。故填to protect。
②考查介词。句意:这是-项实质性的保护政策,许多职业学校的学生现在都在接受非物质文化遗产技能的培训。固定短语in training for...表示在“接受……方面的培训”,符合语境。故填for。
③考查时态。句意:建水的紫陶是用当地的“五色" 粘土制作而成,在清代发展迅速。所给动词develop在句中作谓语,主语Jianshui's purple pottery (单数,谓语单数形式)和谓语动词develop为主动关系,根据时间状语“during the Qing Dynasty",在清代发展迅速,应使用一般过去时或过去进行时。故填developed/was developing。
④考查冠词。句意:在去年的两会上,田文华建议增加少数民族地区媒体职校非物质文化遗产教师人数,建设国家级非物质文化遗产数字博物馆。固定短语a number o加可数名词复数,意为“许多”; the number o加名词复数,意为“……的数量”,此处增加的应该是教师的数量,不应该是教师,应使用the number of。故填the。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:在去年的两会上,田文华建议增加少数民族地区媒体职校非物质文化遗产教师人数,建设国家级非物质文化遗产数字博物馆。所给动词build应使用动名词在句中和increasing并列作动词proposed的宾语, propose doing...(建议……)。故填building。
⑥考查名词的数。句意:这些提议已经取得了进展。分析句子,该空需要一个名词作主语, 所给词propose为动词, 其名词形式为proposal,后面助动词have使用了复数形式,主语应该使用复数形式,指上文增加相关教师人数和建设国家级非物质文化遗产数字博物馆两个提议。故填proposals。
⑦考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意:今年45岁的田文华在2018年建立了一个紫陶学习中心,当时国家发布了一项指导意见,支持创办非物质文化遗产讲习班,以创造就业机会,并向正在克服贫困的人们传授传统广告技能。分析句子,该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是in 2018,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when。故填when。
⑧考查形容词。句意:今年45岁的田文华在2018年建立了一个紫陶学习中心,当时国家发布了-项指导意见,支持创办非物质文化遗产讲习班,以创造就业机会,并向正在克服贫困的人们传授传统广告技能。该空需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词skills, 所给词tradition为名词,其形容词traditional符合题意。 故填traditional。
⑨考查时间状语从句。句意:该中心已经培训了100多名农村地区的妇女,田文华从17岁起就开始学习的这门手艺。分析句子,该空需要一个连词引导时间状语从句,表示她自从17岁到现在就一直在学习研究的这门手艺, 且谓语动词study使用了现在完成进行时,应使用连词since。故填since。
⑩考查时态语态。句意:目前,建水县有4万多人从事紫陶产业,去年紫陶产值超过40亿元(6.31亿美元)。所给动词involve（使……参与)在句中作谓语,主语为more than 40,000 people,应使用被动语态,短语be involved in表示参与符合句意,描述现状使用一般现在时,复数形式。故填are involved。
三、
答案：1. Travel(l)ing2. what3. development4. located5. muddy6. were invited7. an8. drawn9. Besides10. where
解析：
本文是一篇说明文 . 文章讲述了江苏的农村的发展变化 .
【小题 1 】考查非谓语动词 . 句意 : 去江苏的农村看看 , 那里的许多村庄看起来就像美丽的明信片场景 , 可能和你想象的完全不同 . 句中缺少主语 , 所以用动名词形式作主语, 置于句首 , 首字母大写. 故填Travel(l)ing .
【小题 2 】考查名词性从句 . 句意 : 去江苏的农村看看 , 那里的许多村庄看起来就像美丽的明信片场景 , 可能和你想象的完全不同 . 介词from后接宾语从句 , 且从句缺少宾语, 指物 , 所以用连接代词what 引导. 故填what .
【小题 3 】考查名词 . 句意 : 到该省的乡村之旅可以让游客了解他们的日常生活以及中国农村地区近年来的发展 . 定冠词 the 后接名词形式作宾语 . 故填 development .
【小题 4 】考查非谓语动词 . 句意 : 龙上村位于南京市高淳区油子山脚下, 共有51 户人家140 人 . 固定短语be located in 位于 . 故填located .
【小题 5 】考查形容词 . 句意 : 那里曾经是破败的房屋 , 泥泞的道路 , 到处都是恼人的苍蝇 . 连词and 后接形容词annoying 且修饰名词roads . 故填muddy .
【小题 6 】考查时态与语态 . 句意 : 2017 年 , 专家受邀设计村庄的景观 , 并帮助修复古建筑 . 名词experts 与动词invite 是被动关系且时间状语为In 2017 , 所以用一般过去时的被动语态 . 故填 were invited .
【小题 7 】考查冠词 . 句意 : 如今 , 它已成为 " 网红 " , 其茶馆、咖啡馆和书店吸引了许多游客 . 名词celebrity 为可数名词 , 泛指 , 且 internet发音以元音音素开头 . 故填an .
【小题 8 】考查非谓语动词 . 句意 : 如今 , 它已成为 " 网红 " , 其茶馆、咖啡馆和书店吸引了许多游客 . 名词visitors 与draw 之间为被动关系 , 所以用过去分词形式 . 故填drawn .
【小题 9 】考查介词 . 句意 : 除了干净的水和清新的空气 , 这个村庄给许多人留下了深刻的印象 , 它的石头街道、古式的农舍和各种各样的运动场所 , 人们可以在那里徒步旅行、打棒球和钓鱼 . 分析句意可知 , 这里用 besides , 表示 " 除了…还有 , 以作补充 . 置于句首 , 首字母大写 . 故填Besides .
【小题 10 】考查定语从句 . 句意 : 除了干净的水和清新的空气 , 这个村庄给许多人留下了深刻的印象 , 它的石头街道、古式的农舍和各种各样的运动场所 , 人们可以在那里徒步旅行、打棒球和钓鱼 . 句中先行词为the village , 在定语从句中作地点状语 , 所以用关系副词where 引导 . 故填where .
一、填空题
1.The hours _____________ the children spend in their one-way relationship with mobile phone people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.
2.Sympathy is much needed in this world ________ a lot of changes has taken place because of the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in 2020.
3.I miss the days ________ I was able to hang out with my best friend.
4.There are two reasons ________ I've decided to read one of his letters to the audience nationwide.
5.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.
6.We study in a classroom, ______________ door faces south.
7.He has many close friends, most of _______ are kind and generous.
8._____ is typical of modern novels, the plot isn't very important, instead the emphasis is on how characters react to ordinary events.
9.The museum is very spacious, _________ provides a comfortable environment for visitors to appreciate art.
10.Have you ever seen the film Wolf Warriors Ⅱ, _________ leading actor is Wu Jing
11.She is the girl _______ brother is studying abroad.
12.In many ways, the education system in China is different from _________ in western countries.
13.People _________ frequently participate in physical exercises should account for over 45 percent of the population by 2035.
14.—Have you heard that our primary school will be torn down next year
—Really I suppose it is such bad news _________ most of its former and present students will feel upset about.
15.Creating a successful team _______ employees(员工) feel they belong is a big challenge.
16.He's a very good actor, _________ a lot of comedians are not, and he's a good director and a good writer as well.
17._________ is often the case, the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.
18.The old man, for ________ life had been very hard, donated his possessions to poor villages in Anhui.
19.Mary and Jim made an appointment of an interview at 8 on Saturday morning, ________ they would be free.
20._________ is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.
二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since a guideline was released in August by the General Office of the State Council, efforts have been stepped up ①______(protect) intangible cultural heritage.
“It was a substantial protective policy, and many students in vocational schools are now in training ②______ intangible cultural heritage skills,” said Tian Jing, an inheritor of “purple pottery firing” from Jianshui county, Yunnan province.
Jianshui's purple pottery is made from the local “five-color” clay, and ③______ (develop) quickly during the Qing Dynasty. At last year's two sessions, Tian proposed increasing ④______ number of intangible cultural heritage teachers at medium-level vocational schools in areas inhabited by ethnic minority groups and ⑤(build) national intangible cultural heritage digital museums. “The ⑥______ (propose) have made advancements,” Tian said.
Tian, 45, established a purple pottery learning center in 2018, ⑦______ a national guideline was issued to support the founding of intangible cultural heritage workshops to create jobs and teach ⑧______ (tradition) art skills to people who were overcoming poverty. The center has trained more than 100 women in rural areas in the craft, which Tian has been studying ⑨______ she was 17 years old.
At present more than 40,000 people in Jianshui county ⑩______ (involve) in the purple pottery industry, which had an output value of more than 4 billion yuan ($631 million) last year.
三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For travelers who used to think that Chinese farmers live in poor conditions, the rural tours can be quite an eye opener. ①_______(travel) to Jiangsu's rural villages, many of which look like beautiful postcard scenes, might be totally different from ②_______ you have imagined. A rural tour to the province might allow travelers to have a glance at their daily lives as well as the ③_______ (develop) of China's rural areas in recent years.
Longshang village, which has 140 people from 51 households, is ④_______ (locate) at the foot of Youzi Mountain in Nanjing’s Gaochun district. It used to have ruined houses, ⑤_______ (mud) roads and annoying flies everywhere. In 2017, experts ⑥_______ (invite) to design the village's landscape and help restore its ancient buildings. Now it has become ⑦_______ “internet celebrity" and attracted many visitors ⑧_______ (draw) by its tea houses, cafes and book stores.
Also in Nanjing, Bulao village in Pukou district, known as Never Aging village, has attracted many who are interested in finding the secret of staying young. ⑨_______ clean water and refreshing air, the village impresses many by its stone streets, ancient-style farm houses and various sports venues ⑩_______ people can go hiking, play baseball and go fishing.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：that/which/不填
解析： 考查定语从句。句意：孩子们在与电视中的人物的单向关系中花费的时间无疑会影响他们在现实生活中的人际关系。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the hours，关系代词which或that引导从句，在从句中作spent的宾语，可省略。故填that/which/不填。
2.答案：where
解析： 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在这个2020年新型冠状病毒爆发后发生了很多变化的世界，我们很需要同情。分析句子，该空需要一个关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词this world，“在这个……的世界里”，定语从句中主语是changes，谓语动词take place。不及物无被动。所以关系词代替先行词在从句中做地点状语，所以应填where。故填where。
3.答案：when
解析： 先行词days在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
4.答案：why
解析：这是一个定语从句,先行词是two reasons,在句中作原因状语,所以用why来引导。故填why。
5.答案：that
解析：句意:他高兴地谈起了在学校让他非常感兴趣的那些人和书。定语从句缺少主语,应用关系代词;当定语从句先行词既有人又有物时,应用that引导。
6.答案：whose
解析： 考查定语从句，a classroom是先行词，the classroom's door教室的门，故答案为whose.
7.答案：whom
8.答案：As
解析：句意为:正如现代小说的典型特征,剧情不是非常重要,重点在于角色对普通事件的反应。_____ is typical of modern novels在此是非限制性定语从句,关系词代指主句全部内容,在从句中作主语, which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后,所以应用关系代词As。
9.答案：which
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:这家博物馆非常宽敞,为游客提供了一个欣赏艺术的舒适环境。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是"The museum is very spacious"，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。
10.答案：whose
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:你看过电影《战狼2》吗 它的男主角是吴京。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the film Wolf Warriors Ⅱ,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰"leading actor",与"leading actor"之间是所属关系,应用whose引导该从句。故填whose。
11.答案：whose
12.答案：that
解析：句意:中国的教育体制在很多方面都不同于西方国家的教育体制。根据句意可知,此处应用that指代前面已经提到过的单数名词 the education system。
13.答案：who/that
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:到2035年,经常参加身体锻炼的关数将占人口总数的45%。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是"People",指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who或者that引导该从句。故填who/that。
14.答案：as
解析：考查定语从句。句意为：你有没有听说我们的小学明年要被拆除了？真的吗？我想这个学校大多数以前的学生和现在的学生知道这个坏消息都会感到难过的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，在从句中作"about"的宾语，先行词是"bad news"，且其前有such修饰，所以用as引导该定语从句。故填as。
15.答案：where
16.答案：which
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:他是一个非常好的演员,许多喜剧演员却不是(好演员),而且他也是一个好的导演和好的作家。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是"very good actor",指演员,且关系词在从句中作表语,应用which引导该从句。故填which。
17.答案：As
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:这个女孩忘记带她的字典,这是常有的事。as is often the case是固定短语,意为“情况常常如此,这是常有的事,通常就是这样”。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是逗号后的整个句子,关系词在从句中作主语,意为“正如”,应用as引导该从句。先行词位于句首时只能用as,不能用which,故填As。注意首字母大写。
18.答案：whom
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:这位生活已经非常艰难的老人把自己的财产捐到了安徽省的贫困村庄。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是"The old man",指人,关系词在从句中作介词"for"的宾语,应用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。
19.答案：when
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:Mary和Jim预约的面试时间是星期六上午8点,那时他们都有空。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是"8 on Saturday morning",表示时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用when引导该从句。故填when。
20.答案：As
解析：可以引导位于主句前的非限制性定语从句的关系词只有as。
二、
答案：1. to protect2. for3. developed/was developing4. the5. building6. proposals7. when8. traditional9. since10. are involved
解析： ①考查非谓语动词。句意:自8月国务院办公厅印发的一个指导意见以来,非物质文化遗产保护工作不断加强。所给动词protect在句中作目的状语,应使用动词不定式形式。故填to protect。
②考查介词。句意:这是-项实质性的保护政策,许多职业学校的学生现在都在接受非物质文化遗产技能的培训。固定短语in training for...表示在“接受……方面的培训”,符合语境。故填for。
③考查时态。句意:建水的紫陶是用当地的“五色" 粘土制作而成,在清代发展迅速。所给动词develop在句中作谓语,主语Jianshui's purple pottery (单数,谓语单数形式)和谓语动词develop为主动关系,根据时间状语“during the Qing Dynasty",在清代发展迅速,应使用一般过去时或过去进行时。故填developed/was developing。
④考查冠词。句意:在去年的两会上,田文华建议增加少数民族地区媒体职校非物质文化遗产教师人数,建设国家级非物质文化遗产数字博物馆。固定短语a number o加可数名词复数,意为“许多”; the number o加名词复数,意为“……的数量”,此处增加的应该是教师的数量,不应该是教师,应使用the number of。故填the。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:在去年的两会上,田文华建议增加少数民族地区媒体职校非物质文化遗产教师人数,建设国家级非物质文化遗产数字博物馆。所给动词build应使用动名词在句中和increasing并列作动词proposed的宾语, propose doing...(建议……)。故填building。
⑥考查名词的数。句意:这些提议已经取得了进展。分析句子,该空需要一个名词作主语, 所给词propose为动词, 其名词形式为proposal,后面助动词have使用了复数形式,主语应该使用复数形式,指上文增加相关教师人数和建设国家级非物质文化遗产数字博物馆两个提议。故填proposals。
⑦考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意:今年45岁的田文华在2018年建立了一个紫陶学习中心,当时国家发布了一项指导意见,支持创办非物质文化遗产讲习班,以创造就业机会,并向正在克服贫困的人们传授传统广告技能。分析句子,该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是in 2018,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when。故填when。
⑧考查形容词。句意:今年45岁的田文华在2018年建立了一个紫陶学习中心,当时国家发布了-项指导意见,支持创办非物质文化遗产讲习班,以创造就业机会,并向正在克服贫困的人们传授传统广告技能。该空需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词skills, 所给词tradition为名词,其形容词traditional符合题意。 故填traditional。
⑨考查时间状语从句。句意:该中心已经培训了100多名农村地区的妇女,田文华从17岁起就开始学习的这门手艺。分析句子,该空需要一个连词引导时间状语从句,表示她自从17岁到现在就一直在学习研究的这门手艺, 且谓语动词study使用了现在完成进行时,应使用连词since。故填since。
⑩考查时态语态。句意:目前,建水县有4万多人从事紫陶产业,去年紫陶产值超过40亿元(6.31亿美元)。所给动词involve（使……参与)在句中作谓语,主语为more than 40,000 people,应使用被动语态,短语be involved in表示参与符合句意,描述现状使用一般现在时,复数形式。故填are involved。
三、
答案：1. Travel(l)ing2. what3. development4. located5. muddy6. were invited7. an8. drawn9. Besides10. where
解析：
本文是一篇说明文 . 文章讲述了江苏的农村的发展变化 .
【小题 1 】考查非谓语动词 . 句意 : 去江苏的农村看看 , 那里的许多村庄看起来就像美丽的明信片场景 , 可能和你想象的完全不同 . 句中缺少主语 , 所以用动名词形式作主语, 置于句首 , 首字母大写. 故填Travel(l)ing .
【小题 2 】考查名词性从句 . 句意 : 去江苏的农村看看 , 那里的许多村庄看起来就像美丽的明信片场景 , 可能和你想象的完全不同 . 介词from后接宾语从句 , 且从句缺少宾语, 指物 , 所以用连接代词what 引导. 故填what .
【小题 3 】考查名词 . 句意 : 到该省的乡村之旅可以让游客了解他们的日常生活以及中国农村地区近年来的发展 . 定冠词 the 后接名词形式作宾语 . 故填 development .
【小题 4 】考查非谓语动词 . 句意 : 龙上村位于南京市高淳区油子山脚下, 共有51 户人家140 人 . 固定短语be located in 位于 . 故填located .
【小题 5 】考查形容词 . 句意 : 那里曾经是破败的房屋 , 泥泞的道路 , 到处都是恼人的苍蝇 . 连词and 后接形容词annoying 且修饰名词roads . 故填muddy .
【小题 6 】考查时态与语态 . 句意 : 2017 年 , 专家受邀设计村庄的景观 , 并帮助修复古建筑 . 名词experts 与动词invite 是被动关系且时间状语为In 2017 , 所以用一般过去时的被动语态 . 故填 were invited .
【小题 7 】考查冠词 . 句意 : 如今 , 它已成为 " 网红 " , 其茶馆、咖啡馆和书店吸引了许多游客 . 名词celebrity 为可数名词 , 泛指 , 且 internet发音以元音音素开头 . 故填an .
【小题 8 】考查非谓语动词 . 句意 : 如今 , 它已成为 " 网红 " , 其茶馆、咖啡馆和书店吸引了许多游客 . 名词visitors 与draw 之间为被动关系 , 所以用过去分词形式 . 故填drawn .
【小题 9 】考查介词 . 句意 : 除了干净的水和清新的空气 , 这个村庄给许多人留下了深刻的印象 , 它的石头街道、古式的农舍和各种各样的运动场所 , 人们可以在那里徒步旅行、打棒球和钓鱼 . 分析句意可知 , 这里用 besides , 表示 " 除了…还有 , 以作补充 . 置于句首 , 首字母大写 . 故填Besides .
【小题 10 】考查定语从句 . 句意 : 除了干净的水和清新的空气 , 这个村庄给许多人留下了深刻的印象 , 它的石头街道、古式的农舍和各种各样的运动场所 , 人们可以在那里徒步旅行、打棒球和钓鱼 . 句中先行词为the village , 在定语从句中作地点状语 , 所以用关系副词where 引导 . 故填where .