(共35张PPT)
人教新目标版 八年级下册
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet
Section A 2d&Grammar Focus-4c
Learning objectives
Key words & phrases :
hurry, due, fiction; science fiction; technology; French; think about; can't wait to do sth.; more than.
Key sentences:
1. Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
2. She has already read more than 100 different books.
3. What books have you already read
Key Points and Difficulties
1. 通过翻译句子,观察并归纳现在完成时态的构成 , 过去分词的构成 ,现在完成时的两种用法 , already 和 yet 的用法区别 , 现在完成时和一般过去时的用法区别。
2. 通过观察比较,归纳一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。
3. 通通过4a和4b练习,进一步巩固知识。
Lead in
Little Women
[ l tl w m n]
《小妇人》
A:What’s name of this book
B:It is Little Women.
A:Have you read Little Women yet
B:Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
A:What do vou think of it
B:I think it’s interesting/funny
/fantastic/boring……
A:What’s it about
B: It’s about four sisters growing up.
Ask and answer.
Lead in
Treasure Island
[ tre (r) a l nd]
《金银岛》
A:What’s name of this book
B:It is Treasure Island.
A:Have you read Treasure Island yet
B:Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
A:What do vou think of it
B:I think it’s interesting/funny
/fantastic/boring……
A:What’s it about
B: It’s about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.
Ask and answer.
Lead in
A:What’s name of this book
B:It is Oliver Twist.
A:Have you read Oliver Twist yet
B:Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
A:What do vou think of it
B:I think it’s interesting/funny
/fantastic/boring……
A:What’s it about
B: It’s about a boy who lives in the United kingdom.
Ask and answer.
Oliver Twist
[ liv tw st]
《雾都孤儿》
Lead in
Robinson Crusoe
[ r b nsn kru:s u]
《鲁滨逊漂流记》
A:What’s name of this book
B:It is Robinson Crusoe.
A:Have you read Robinson Crusoe yet
B:Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
A:What do vou think of it
B:I think it’s interesting/funny
/fantastic/boring……
A:What’s it about
B: It’s about Robinson’s life on a remote(偏远) island.
Ask and answer.
Which books have Amy and Steve chosen to write about
Has Steve finished reading his book yet What’s the book about What does he think of the book
Has Amy finished reading her book yet How many pages has she already read What’s it like
When do they have to hand in the book report
Presentation
Read the conversation in 2d again and answer the questions.
Amy chose Treasure Island. Steve chose Little Women.
Yes.he has.It's about four sisters growing up. He thinks it's really good.
No, she hasn't.She has already read 25 pages.
They have to hand in the book report in two weeks.
2d
Presentation
Role-play the conversation.
Amy: Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class
Steve: Yes, Little Women. I've already finished reading it!
Amy: Wow, you're fast! What's it about
Steve: It's about four sisters growing up. It was really good, so I couldn't put it down. Which book did you choose
我对它爱不释手。put down 意为“放下”。
我已经读完了!
你是否已经决定英语课写哪本书了?
Amy: I chose Treasure Island, but I haven't
finished reading it yet. I'm only on page 25.
Steve: Have you at least read the back of the book
to see what it's about
Amy: Yes, I have. It looks interesting.
Steve: You should hurry up. The book report is
due in two weeks.
Amy: Yes, I know. I'll read quickly.
on page + 数词,表示“在第几页”
page n.(书刊或纸张的)页,面,张
赶快;急忙(做某事)hurry v.匆忙;赶快
adj. 预期;预定
我还没有读完。
两周后“in+一段时间”意为“在……(时间)后”, 常与将来时连用。
至少
v. 弄清,了解
Presentation
Amy: Steve, have you decided which book to____________for English class
Steve: Yes, Little Women. I’ve finished reading it!
Amy: Wow, you're fast! What's it about
Steve: It's about four sisters growing up. It was really good, so I couldn’t . Which book did you choose
Amy: I chose Treasure Island, but I haven't finished reading it . I’m only on page 25.
Steve: Have you read the back of the book to see what it's about
Amy: Yes, I have. It looks interesting.
Steve: You should . The book report is in two weeks.
Amy: Yes, I know. I'll read quickly.
yet
write about
already
put it down
yet
at least
hurry up
due
Read the conversation in 2d and fill in the blanks.
We’ll see which group does the best.
Read the dialogue aloud for a few minutes by yourself.
Role-play in groups.
Role-play in front of the class.
Presentation
Role-play in groups of four.
Presentation
Grammar focus
Grammar Focus
Translate these sentences and let’s read.
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good.
你已经读过《小妇人》了吗 是的,我读过。不,我没读过。
Tina已经读过《金银岛》了吗 是的,她读过。她认为它是极好的。
你已经决定选择写哪本书了吗 是的,我已经读完它了,它真好。
现在完成时 The Present Perfect Tense
Grammar
现在完成时态
现在完成时的用法。
past
now
future
I had lunch.
I’m not hungry now
I have already had lunch.
1、表示_____发生或已经完成的某一动作对_____造成的影响或结果。
过去
现在
2、表示动作或状态从_____某一时间开始,一直_____到_____,而且可能还要继续下去。
past
now
future
I lived here in 2018.
I still live here now.
I have lived here for three years.
过去
现在
持续
Grammar
现在完成时态的结构:助动词 have/has + 过去分词
观察:Hello! My name is Amy. I like reading books. And, I have already finished reading Little Women. It’s very fantastic. I have not finished reading Treasure Island yet. I have many interesting books. Have you decided which book to read yet
① 肯定句:主语 + ___________ + __________ + 其他.
② 否定句:主语 + ___________ + __________ + 其他.
③ 一般疑问句:_________ + 主语 + _________ + 其他
肯定回答:_________, 主语 + ___________.
否定回答:_________, 主语 + ______________.
归纳:
have/has
过去分词
have/has not
Have/Has
过去分词
Yes
have/has
haven’t/hasn’t
过去分词
No
1.Has Amy read Little Women yet Yes, she has.
2.Has Amy read Treasre Island yet No, she hasn’t.
have not=haven’t
has not=hasn’t
Grammar
already与yet在现在完成时中的用法
yet一般用于用于_____句中,意为“_____” ;也可以用于_____句中,意为“______”
观察: A: I have already finished my homework.
Have you finished your homework yet
B: No, I haven’t finished it yet.
总结: already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词,但它们的用法不同。
already一般用于_____句中,意为“_____”, 通常放在________和_______之间。
如:我们已经打扫了教室。We have already cleaned up our classroom.
如: 你已经见过她了吗 公交车还没有到。
Have you seen her yet The bus hasn’t come yet.
肯定
已经
have/has
过去分词
疑问
已经
否定
还(没)
注意:already用于疑问句中,表示因某事的发生早于预料而感到吃惊。
如: Have you finished your homework already
Grammar
过去分词的变化规则
1. 规则变化(与动词过去式规则一样,此类称作规则动词)
一般在词尾直接加 -ed 以不发音的e结尾的,加 –d 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,改y为i加-ed 重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的,双写这个辅音字母后加 –ed
work→worked slice→sliced study→studied stop→stopped
-ed 的读音规则:
① 在元音或浊辅音后读 [d],如 tried [tra d],lived [l vd]。
② 在清辅音后读 [ ],如 worked [w kt] ,stopped [st pt] 。
③ 在[ ][d]后读[ d],如 mended [mend d],wanted [w nt d]。
Grammar
2. 不规则变化(此类称作不规则动词,有很多)
原形(不定式) 过去式 过去分词
be was/were been
have had had
choose chose chosen
put put put
run ran run
参看课本后(不规则动词表) Grammar
3. ABA格式(动词原形与过去分词同形)
run→ran→run
come→came→come
become→became→become
4. ABC格式(动词原形、过去式、过去分词均不同形)
bear→bore→born
break→broke→broken
grow→grew→grown
5. AAB格式(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat→beat→beaten
1. AAA格式(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
let→let→ let
put→put→put
read→read→read
2. ABB格式(过去式与过去分词同形)
feel→felt→felt
keep→kept→kept
sleep→slept→slept
不规则变化需要总结
Grammar
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别一
比较:1. A: What did you do last weekend
B: I saw a new movie.
2. A: Would you like to see the movie with me
B: Thanks for your inviting, but I have seen it already.
总结 一般过去时 现在完成时
1.用法不同
(只谈论上周末做的事情,不涉及现在)
(影响:因为已经看过了,所以现在不去看了)
只表示过去的动作或状态
(不涉及现在)
表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响或结果
(与现在有联系)
Grammar
比较:1. Tom ___________ (sweep) the floor yesterday.
2. My family ___________ (go) to Beijing last year.
3. I ___________ (can ) ride a bike when I was 6 years old.
4. I ________________ (not finish) my homework yet.
5. He ___________ (work) in the city for eight years.
6.判断正误: I have visited my grandparents yesterday.
He has finished his work two days ago.
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别二
(注:现在完成时的不能与表示过去的时间状语连用)
swept
went
could
haven’t finished
has worked
总结 一般过去时 现在完成时
2.时间状语不同
already, yet, just, ever, never, so far, for+时间段,since+时间点\从句...
yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 1995,in the past, just now, when...
Presentation
4a
Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.
1. A: Would you like something to drink
B: No, thanks. ________________________. (just / drink some tea)
2. A: I heard you lost your key. _______________________ (find)
B:No, not yet.
I've just drunk some tea
Have you found it yet
drink -drank-drunk
find-found-found
3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving
B: ________________________________. (already / leave)
A: When _____________________ (leave)
B: This morning.
4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight
B: No. ___________________________. (already / see the film)
5. A: What do your parents think about our plan
B: I _____________________________. (not / tell them / yet)
He has already left
did he leave
She has already seen the film
have not/haven't told them yet
leave-left-left
tell-told-told
see-saw-seen
Presentation
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Sally ______(love) reading. In the morning, she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She ______ already _______(read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _________(be) like in 50 years.
fiction n. 小说
science fiction 科幻小说(或影片等)
n. 科技;工艺
loves
has
read
will be
Presentation
She ________ (finish) reading a book about robots last week and _________ (write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she ____________(not read) yet and she can't wait to read them!
finished
will write
hasn't read
n. 法语
can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
Presentation
A: What books have you already read
B: I’ve already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter.
A: What do you think of them
B: Well, I think Harry Potter was exciting, but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring.
You Your friend Comments
Books I have already read
Movies I have already seen
Songs I have already heard
你觉得它们如何?
4c
Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.
Summary
现在完成时
01含义:表示过去发生或已经完成 的某 一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
03过去分词: 动词过去分词分为规则和不规则两类
02句型结构:
肯定: have/has+过去分词
否定: have/has+not+过去分词
疑问: Have/Has+sb.+过去分词+...
04时间状语: already和just常用于肯定句中,位于have/has与动词过去分词中间。而yet用于疑问句和否定句句末。
Exercises
一、单项选择。
1.— It's ten years since we came here.
— How time flies! We _____ in China for so long.
A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked
2.Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erquan Yingyue. It _____ one of China's national treasures.
A.becomes B. became C. has become D. become
3.Miss Brown, we _____ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now
A. finish B. finishing C. are finished D. have finished
D
C
D
Exercises
4.— Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it
— In April. I ______ it for two months.
A. have had B. had C. have bought D. bought
5.— Has your sister finished reading ________
— Yes. She has________ finished.
A. yet; yet B. yet; already
C. already; yet D. already; already
A
B
Exercises
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.She __________(not read) the book yet.
2.________ you ________(decide) which book to buy yet
3.Tom won't go to the cinema with us because he ________ already ________ (see) the film.
4.David hasn't ________(finish) ________(read) Harry Potter yet.
5.We ________ just ________(clean) the classroom.
6.I ________(lend) my bike to her yesterday, but she ____________ (not give) it back to me yet.
hasn't read
Have
has
seen
finished
have
cleaned
decided
reading
lent
hasn't given
Exercises
三、按要求改写句子,每空一词。
1.She has already written the music. (改为一般疑问句)
________ she written the music _______
2.They studied English 2 years ago. (用 since two years ago 改写)
They ______ ________ English since two years ago.
3.Has Tom helped his parents yet (作出肯定回答)
_______, _____ _______.
Has
yet
have studied
Yes he has
Exercises
4.The three students have been together for 3 hours. (对画线部分提问)
___________ ____________ have the three students been together
5.She has already gone to England. (改为否定句)
She _____________ gone to England _____________.
6.He hasn't come to school because he's ill. (对画线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ he come to school
How long
hasn't
Why hasn't
yet
Homework
1. Do the exercises in students’ book.
2. Read and recite in Section A (2d).
3. Preview (Section B (1a-1d)).
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Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet
Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) 导学案
学 年 2021-2022年度第二学期 科目 八年级英语 课题 Unit 8 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c) 授课时间
主 备 人 使用人 八年级师生 课型 语法课 审核签字 学案序号 8-3
学习目标 能够识记理解本节课上遇到的新单词,短语,和句型。 通过翻译句子,观察并归纳现在完成时态的构成,过去分词的构成 ,现在完成时的两种用法,already和yet的用法区别。 通过观察比较,归纳一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。 通通过4a和4b练习,进一步巩固知识。
重 点 现在完成时态的构成,过去分词的构成 ,现在完成时的两种用法,already和yet的用法区别,现在完成时和一般过去时的用法区别。 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。
难 点
教师寄语 Smart lies in hard work,talent is gained by accumulation. (聪明在于勤奋,天才在于积累。)
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列单词并熟读。 页,面,张 n._____________________匆忙;赶快 v. ____________________小说 n.__________________________科技;工艺n. ____________________法语 n. _________________________科幻小说(短语)___________________预期;预定adj.____________________赶快;急忙(短语)
二、根据汉语意思写出下列句子。 —你已经读过《小妇人》了吗 —是的,我读过。不,我没读过。____________________________________________________________________—Tina已经读过《金银岛》了吗 —是的,她读过。她认为它是极好的。____________________________________________________________________—你已经决定选择写哪本书了吗 —是的,我已经读完它了,它真好。____________________________________________________________________
精讲点拨 现在未完成时的用法。 现在完成时的定义 ① 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 eg:—It's so dark. 太黑了。 —Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。(有人把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑) ② 表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since加过去时间间点;for+一段时间,so far等时间状语连用。 eg:I have lived here for ten years. 我已经住在这里10年了。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还住在这儿) I have lived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就住在这儿。(从2003年开始,持续到现在还住在这儿) 现在完成时的构成及句式转换 ◆ 肯定句:主语+助动词have/has+过去分词+其他. eg:I have bought lots of books about Western customs. 我买了许多有关西方风俗的书。 He has been to the Great Wall. 他去过长城。 They have already seen the film. 他们已经看过这部电影了。 ◆ 否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. eg:The Simpsons haven't been to Canada since the day they left. 从离开那天起,辛普森一家就再也没去过加拿大。 Eric hasn't got his plane tickets yet. 埃里克还没有买到飞机票。 ◆ 一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+have/has. 否定回答:No, 主语+have/has not. eg:-Have you read Journey to the West 你读过《西游记》吗? -Yes, I have.是的,我已经看了。/ No,I haven't. 不,我还没看过。 -Has she lived here for 2 years 她在这里住了两年了吗? -Yes, she has. 是的,他住两年了。/No, she hasn't. 不,他没有住两年。 ◆ 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他 eg:How long have you been here 你到这儿多久了? How many times have you been to the Great Wall 你去过长城几次? -Which book have you read 你读过哪本书? -Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.《白雪公主和七个小矮人》。 ◆ 过去分词变化形式。(直 去 双 改 特) 变化规则例词一般情况下直接加-edworkworkedjumpjumpedlooklooked以不发音字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d(去e加ed也可以)likelikedliveliveduseused以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-edstopstoppedplanplannedshopshopped以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词,要先改“y”为“i”,再加-ed,以元音字母加“y”结尾的动词,直接加-edstudystudiedcarrycarriedplayplayed
◆ 常用不规则动词过去式与过去分词(更多参见教科书不规则动词变化表)【特】 现在完成时标志词 现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,last year,in 1980,three days ago,just now,when I came in等。现在完成时标志词有:already“已然”,ever“曾经”,just“刚刚”,so far“至今”,yet“已经、还”,before“以前”,for+时间段“…之久”,since+加时间点/一个过去式的句子“自从…(到现在)”。 ① already“已经”,常用于肯定句中,动词过去分词前,也可放句末。 eg:I have already read this storybook. 我已经读过这本故事书了。 I’ve washed my clothes already. 我已经洗了衣服。 Have you met him already 表示吃惊等感彩时,already也可用于疑问句(口语) 你(真的)已经见过他了 ② yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中意为“还”,放在句尾。 eg:-Has he found his watch yet 他已经找到他的手表了吗? -No, not yet. 不,还没有。 The woman hasn’t found her dog yet. 那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。
检测小结 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 Rick, put away these ________ (knife), please. We see with our eyes and walk with our________ (foot). My grandpa ________(name) the cat Mimi and he loved it. Jim asked Mrs. Li if he could use her mobile phone ________ (call) his mother. I want to repair these ________(break) bikes and then give them to the poor children. 二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 She __________(not read) the book yet. ________ you ________(decide) which book to buy yet Tom won't go to the cinema with us because he ________ already ________ (see) the film. David hasn't ________(finish) ________(read) Harry Potter yet. We ________ just ________(clean) the classroom. I ________(lend) my bike to her yesterday, but she ____________ (not give) it back to me yet. 三、句型转换。 She has already written the music. (改为一般疑问句) ________ she written the music _______ They studied English 2 years ago. (用 since two years ago 改写) They ______ ________ English since two years ago. Has Tom helped his parents yet (作出肯定回答) _______, _____ _______. The three students have been together for 3 hours. (对画线部分提问) ___________ ____________ have the three students been together She has already gone to England. (改为否定句) She _____________ gone to England _____________. He hasn't come to school because he's ill. (对画线部分提问) _____________ _____________ he come to school
参考答案
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列单词并熟读。 pagehurryfictiontechnologyFrenchscience fictiondue hurry up
二、根据汉语意思写出下列句子。 Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good.
检测小结 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 knivesfeetnamedto callbroken
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 hasn't readHave;decidedhas;seenfinished;readinghave;cleanedlent;hasn't given
三、句型转换。 Has;yethave studiedYes, he hasHow longhasn't;yetWhy hasn't
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