2022年人教版中考英语二轮复习第五节 代词课件（75张）

(共75张PPT)
第一部分 基于语义的语法知识篇
第五节 代词
目录
01
考点思维导图
02
中考考点回顾
03
考点精讲精练
04
全国真题演练
05
语篇考点专练
考点思维导图
中考考点回顾
年份 题型及考点 解析
2017 单项填空 27. Jessica used to be a manager in a company，but she gave up _____ job when she became a mother. A. she B. hers C. her D. herself 考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选C。
完形填空 He hangs these boxes up in trees and takes _53_ down every week to see if the birds are nesting in them. A. it B. this C. these D. them 考查人称代词作宾语，指代前文所提到的these boxes。故选D。
年份 题型及考点 解析
2017 短文填空 … Mr. Smith， Mrs. Smith and their two sons are so crazy about technology that _73_ hardly do things together. 考查人称代词作主语，指代前文所提到的Mr. Smith, Mrs. Smith and their two sons。故填they。
2018 单项填空 34. Boxing Day，the 26th of December，got _____ name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas. A. it’s B. its C. one’s D. one 考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选B。
续表
年份 题型及考点 解析
2018 完形填空 The old man smiled and said，“Bring me _52_ bowl of water，but this time enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds as well.” A. any B. every C. another D. the other 通过语境考查another（另一个的）。故选C。
短文填空 Even today when Will thinks that he won’t be able to do something，he will look back to this experience and keep telling _80_，“one brick at a time”.
考查反身代词指代前文所提到的he。故填himself。
续表
年份 题型及考点 解析
2019 单项填空 35. Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it all by _____. A. she B. her C. herself D. hers 考查反身代词by oneself的用法。故选C。
短文填空 In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of _74_ own house and other houses.
考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。此处指代前文的Grandpa Huang。故填his。
续表
年份 题型及考点 解析
2020 语法选择 Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was _35_ first time to make a kite. A. her B. herself C. hers D. she 考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选A。
短文填空 … she helped 12 kids with it！She felt very excited when she saw smiles on _74_ faces.
考查形容词性物主代词修饰名词。此处指代前文的12 kids。故填their。
续表
年份 题型及考点 解析
2021 语法选择 Workers started to build the bridge in May，2018. _33_ cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete. A. It B. Its C. They D. Theirs 考查人称代词作主语，指代前文所提到的build the bridge。故选A。
短文填空 One man has turned his interest into love and this love made _66_ write many books about China.
考查人称代词作宾语，指代前文所提到的One man。故填him。
续表
考点精讲精练
考点1
人称代词的分类和用法
1. 人称代词的分类
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
2. 人称代词的用法
(1)主格用在动词前，作句子的主语。
例 I used to be afraid of the dark. 我过去怕黑。
(2)宾格用在动词或介词之后，作宾语；也可用在系动词之后，作表语。
例 Please tell him the news. 请告诉他这个消息。
Tom’s teacher is taking care of him. 汤姆的老师正在照看他。
—Who is it？是谁啊？
—It’s me. 是我。
3. it的用法
(1)指代上文提到过的内容(人或物)。
例 I found a book on my desk. But it is not mine. 我在我的桌子上发现了一本书。但它不是我的。
(2)用来代替指示代词this 或that (主要针对疑问句的回答)。
例 —What is that？那是什么？
—It is a box. 它是一个盒子。
(3)作人称代词，指代婴儿和未确定身份、性别的人。
例 The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿哭了，因为它饿了。
(4)表示时间、天气、季节、距离等。
例 What time is it now？现在几点了？
It is five kilometers from here. 它离这里5千米远。
（5）常用句型：
It’s＋…(＋for / of sb.)＋to do sth.
It’s＋…＋that 从句.
It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.
It seems that …
Sb.find / think it＋adj.＋to do sth.
( )1. Jack decided to stay in bed the whole day because _____ had a bad cold.
A. she B. her C. he D. him
( )2. The pen doesn’t work. I can’t write with _____.
A. it B. its C. me D. my
C
A
( )3. Ms. Li is really nice, and _____ all like _____ very much.
A. we; she B. we; her C. us; she D. us; her
( )4. I think _____ hard to play the piano well.
A. this B. that C. it D. my
( )5. —I’ll do the dishes. Tom, would you please clean the floor
—Why _____ Lucy is sitting there doing nothing.
A. her B. she C. I D. me
B
C
D
考点2
物主代词的分类和用法
1. 物主代词的分类
人称 单数 复数
形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
第一人称 my mine our ours
第二人称 your yours your yours
第三人称 his his their theirs
her hers
its its
2. 物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，后面接名词。
例 My dream is to be an engineer. 我的梦想是成为一名工程师。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不接名词。
例 Is this T-shirt yours？ 这件T恤衫是你的吗？
( )1. I saw it with _____ own eyes.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
( )2. Dear Jack, thank you for _____ help.
A. you B. yours C. you’re D. your
( )3. —Hi, Kitty. I have passed _____ exams!
—Oh, congratulations! I hope my sister has also passed _____.
A. my; her B. mine; her C. my; hers D. mine; hers
C
D
C
( )4. —Where is my pen Have you seen _____
—Oh, sorry. I have taken _____ by mistake.
A. it; yours B. them; his C. it; mine D. them; hers
( )5. John talked with a good friend of _____ through WeChat for a long time yesterday.
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
A
B
1. 反身代词的分类
考点3
反身代词的分类和用法
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself themselves
herself
itself
2. 反身代词的用法
(1)反身代词与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人自己”。反身代词用在动词或介词之后，作宾语；也可用在系动词之后，作表语；但不能作主语和定语，如果要表示“某人自己的”，则用“one’s own”。
例 We enjoyed ourselves in the park yesterday. 我们昨天在公园玩得很开心。
I bought two pens. One is for my brother,and the other is for myself. 我买了两支钢笔。一支给我弟弟，一支给我自己。
The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
I have my own room now. 现在我拥有自己的房间了。
(2)反身代词的固定搭配：
动词+反身代词 介词+反身代词
dress oneself 自己穿衣服 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself (to) 自用(食物等) hurt oneself 伤了自己 lose oneself (in) 沉迷于 teach oneself (=learn by oneself) 自学 come to oneself 苏醒
look after oneself 照顾某人自己
take care of oneself 照顾某人自己
keep sth.to oneself 保守秘密
say to oneself 自言自语
by oneself 单独地；独自地
( )1. Teenagers should learn to protect _____ from all kinds of danger.
A. them B. they C. their D. themselves
( )2. Jane, you will hurt _____ if you play with those knives.
A. you B. yours C. yourself D. yourselves
D
C
( )3. He said that he would like to go out for a walk by _____.
A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself
( )4. —Will you take part in the English speech competition tomorrow
—Sure. I see it as a chance to prove _____.
A. myself B. me C. yourself D. you
D
A
( )5. I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song. This song tells us that believing in _____ is very important.
A. themselves B. ourselves
C. itself D. yourselves
B
1. 指示代词的分类
考点4
指示代词的分类和用法
单数 复数
this(这个) these(这些)
that(那个) those(那些)
2. 指示代词的用法
(1)this和these指在空间或时间上较近的人或事物。
例 Is this the book you are looking for？这是你要找的书吗？
These cookies are made by my mother. 这些曲奇饼干是我妈妈做的。
(2)that和those指在空间或时间上较远的人或事物。
例 Look! What’s that in the sky 看！天空中的是什么？
Those are the problems we want to solve. 那些是我们想要解决的一些问题。
(3)this 和that可用于电话用语，this表示自己，that表示对方。
例 —Hello！Who’s that？你好！你是哪位？
—Hello！This is Mary. 你好！我是玛丽。
(4)在疑问句中，若句子主语是this/that/these/those时，回答用it或they代替。
例 —Is this the bus we want to get on？这是我们要上的公交车吗？
—Yes，it is. 是的，就是它。
(5)在比较结构的句子中，that 用来代替前面提到单数可数名词或不可数名词，those用来代替前面提到的复数可数名词。
例 The weather in Heilongjiang is colder than that in Guangdong in winter. 在冬天时，黑龙江的天气比广东的天气要冷。
Students who read a lot write better than those who don’t like reading. 阅读量大的学生写作比那些不爱阅读的学生好。
( )1. —Look! _____ building near us was built last year.
—Yes, and I know _____ one over there was built many years ago.
A. This; this B. That; that C. This; that D. That; this
( )2. —Whose books are _____ in my hand？
—They are mine.
A. this B. that C. those D. these
C
D
( )3. —Hello, Jack speaking. Who’s _____
—Hello, this is Michael speaking.
A. he B. this C. that D. one
( )4. The performance of Class 1 is much better than _____ of Class 2.
A. this B. that C. one D. those
C
B
( )5. —The cars made in Germany are more expensive than _____ made in Japan.
—Yes, you are right. But they’re much better.
A. those B. that C. ones D. it
A
1. 不定代词的分类
考点5
不定代词的分类和用法
普通不定代词 复合不定代词
all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no something, anything, everything, nothing
somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody
someone, anyone, everyone, no one
2. 不定代词的用法
(1)both, either和neither用于谈论两个人或事物。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
both 意为“(两者)都”;作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 Both of you are wrong. 你们两个都是错的。
either 意为“(两者中的)任意一个”；作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 There are two apples. You can take either of them. 这里有两个苹果。你可以任选一个。
neither 意为“(两者中)没有一个”；作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 Neither of the answers is correct. 两个答案都不对。
【注意】
①both … and … 意为“……(两者)都……”，连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，不受“就近原则”的限制。
例 Both you and I are students. 我们两个都是学生。
②either … or … 意为“或者……或者……”，连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。
例 Either you or he has to go. 要么你去，要么他去。
③neither … nor … 意为“……(两者)都不……”，连接两个主语时，其谓语动词同样遵循“就近原则”。
例 Neither you nor I am right. 我们两个都不对。
(2)all, any和none用于谈论三个或以上的人或事物。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
all 意为“(三者或以上)都” All of them are students. 他们所有人都是学生。
any 意为“(三者或以上的)任意一个” I don’t like any of these books. 这些书我一本都不喜欢。
none 意为“(三者或以上中)没有一个” None of these pens work. 这些钢笔没有一支能用。
(3)each和every 都表示“每一个”；“each/every+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
each ①相当于形容词；也可作代词，可单独使用 ②后面可接of短语 ③指两者或以上的人或事物中的“每一个”，侧重个体 Each of you can try twice. 你们每一个人都可以试两次。
every ①相当于形容词，只可作定语，不可单独使用 ②后面不可接of短语 ③指三者或以上的人或事物中的“每一个”，侧重总体 Every room is clean and tidy. 所有房间都很干净整洁。
(4)other, others, the other, the others和another的意义及用法。
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
other 意为“其他的”，作定语，后接复数名词 He studies English and other subjects. 他学习英语和其他的科目。
others 意为“其他”，相当于“other+复数名词”，可作主语或宾语，后不可接名词 Some students are dancing，and others are singing. 一些学生在跳舞，其他人在唱歌。
续表
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
the other 意为“(两者中的)另一个”或“其余的”，可作主语、宾语或定语，后可接也可不接名词。常与one连用，构成“one …, and the other …”，意为“一个……, 另一个……” This story is more interesting than the other one. 这个故事比另一个更有趣。
the others 意为“其余的全部”,相当于“the other+复数名词”，作主语或宾语，后不可接名词 Five boys are playing badminton, and the others are playing football. 5个男孩子正在打羽毛球，其余的都在踢足球。
续表
不定代词 意义及用法 举例
another 意为“(三者或以上的)另一个（的）”，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语，代替或修饰单数可数名词。若后面的名词有数词或few修饰时，则也可接复数名词 This hat is too small. Show me another one，please. 这顶帽子太小了，请给我看另一顶。
The homework is too difficult. I need another two hours to finish it. 作业太难了，我还需要两个小时才能完成。
(5)many, much, a little, little, a few, few用于表示数量。
意义及用法 很多；许多 有一些；有几个(表肯定) 没多少；几乎没有(表否定)
用于可数名词 many a few few
用于不可数名词 much a little little
(6)复合不定代词由 some, any, every, no 加one, body, thing 构成。
①这些复合不定代词都作单数看待，表示“某人”“某事” “某物”，作主语、宾语或表语。复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。有形容词修饰时，形容词放在复合不定代词后面。
②someone, somebody, something等词一般用于肯定句；也可用于疑问句，表示请求、建议或反问。
③anyone, anybody, anything 等词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句的各种句型中；也可用于肯定句，强调“任何人/事/物”。
例 I have something important to say. 我有些重要的话要说。
Nothing is impossible. 一切皆有可能。
( )1. —Can you come on Monday or Tuesday
—I’m afraid _____ day is possible.
A. either B. neither C. some D. any
( )2. —What do you think of the cake
—It’s nice. I’d like to have _____ one.
A. the others B. another C. others D. other
B
B
( )3. —What’s on _____ side of the hill, Mom
—A big lake.
A. other B. others C. the others D. the other
( )4. During the poor old days, ____ people had the chance to receive a good education.
A. many B. little C. few D. a few
D
C
( )5. —Hurry, Tom! The bus is coming.
—Wait a moment, please! Let me see if there’s _____ left.
A. anything else B. everything important
C. nothing else D. any other things
A
疑问代词指who， which， whom， whose， what等用于引导特殊疑问句的代词。疑问代词的常见用法如下表：
考点6
疑问代词的用法
疑问代词 主要用法 举例
who 作主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时不能放在介词之后) Who do you want to be when you grow up？ 你长大后想成为什么人？
whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 Whom did they invite 他们邀请了谁？
whose who的所有格形式，常作表语、定语 Whose umbrella is it？ 这是谁的伞？
续表
疑问代词 主要用法 举例
what/who what可用于询问事物或某人的职业、姓名等 What’s your name 你叫什么名字？
who用于询问某人的身份、姓名 Who is your English teacher 谁是你的英语老师？
续表
疑问代词 主要用法 举例
what/which what指不定数目中的“哪一个；哪一些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定 What color is your car 你的车是什么颜色？
which意为“哪一个”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物 Which color do you like, red or black 你喜欢哪种颜色，红色还是黑色？
( )1. —_____ do you like best about the Dragon Boat Festival
—I love the races. They’re fun to watch.
A. Who B. Which C. Why D. What
( )2. —_____ do you like best among so many toys
—The one with a short tail.
A. Who B. Which C. Why D. What
D
B
( )3. —_____ has a dictionary, boys
—I have one.
A. Whose B. Which C. Who D. What
( )4. —_____ are you looking for, madam I think everything is here.
—I don’t think so. Where’s my hat
A. Who B. What C. When D. Where
C
B
A
( )5. —There is no name on the book the Secret Garden. _____ is it？
—It must be Jenny’s. She likes reading.
A. Whose B. What C. Which D. Who
编者按 更多代词辨析及短语归纳可见于《中考高频词汇突破》，并建议结合《早读本》进行记忆
全国真题演练
( )1. —How cold here!
—Yes. The weather in Guangyuan is much colder than _____ in your hometown. (2021 广元)
A. that B. it C. this D. those
( )2. —Where would you like to go next week, Beijing or Tianjin
—_____ is OK. It’s up to you. (2021 新疆)
A. Both B. None C. Either D. All
A
C
( )3. —There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite
—Green tea, I guess. I’ve tried black tea, green tea and so on, and _____ of them have their special tastes. (2021 武汉)
A. all B. both C. none D. neither
A
( )4. On the website, you can chat with _____ in English to improve your spoken English. (2021 大庆)
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
( )5. —Millie, _____ are you reading
—Camel Xiangzi, by the famous Chinese writer, Lao She. (2021 南京)
A. who B. how C. where D. what
D
D
( )6. I found _____ difficult for me to finish the work on time. (2020 益阳)
A. that B. it C. this
( )7. My English teacher has a good sense of humor. We all like _____. (2020 淮安)
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
B
B
( )8. _____ friend Claude from France is keen on Chinese culture. (2020 上海)
A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine
( )9. —Take care while walking along the wet hill path (小径). You may fall and hurt _____.
—OK. Thanks for reminding me. (2020 东营)
A. it B. you C. yourself D. yourselves
C
C
( )10. —Amazing! Tom got the best grade in the test last week.
—_____ is impossible. He studies really hard online this term. (2020黄冈)
A. Anything B. Nothing
C. Everything D. Something
B
一、语法选择
My eight-year-old brother, Jimmy, is an autistic (自闭症的) child. He doesn’t know how to chat with _1_ and can’t even do many things by _2_. He also has difficulty following his teachers in class. These things make him feel lonely at school.
语篇考点专练
others
himself
To take better care of him, my mom quit _3_ job and stayed at home. She took Jimmy to the Autism Intervention Institution to get more treatment. However, it hasn’t worked very well. Jimmy still doesn’t know how to behave at school. He can _4_ listen to the teacher nor understand _5_ to do. He always forgets to bring his things home and even loses his books. My mom is always worried, but when she talks about Jimmy, she still smiles—_6_ seems that she is still proud of her son.
her
neither
what
it
As Jimmy’s sister, I am also worried about him. I heard that _7_ students encourage him to misbehave and then laugh at him. The boys even stole others’ pencils and hid _8_ in Jimmy’s bag. Then they told the teacher that Jimmy stole them.
_9_ time I hear about these things, I get very angry and upset, but my mom asks me not to. She says that _10_ is perfect and Jimmy doesn’t care about it at all. He is always smiling, even though life is hard for him. I love him and I hope things will get better soon and he will grow up happily.
a few
them
Every
nobody
( )1. A. another B. other C. others D. the others
( )2. A. he B. his C. him D. himself
( )3. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
( )4. A. neither B. either C. both D. none
( )5. A. how B. what C. who D. which
C
D
B
A
B
( )6. A. it B. that C. one D. these
( )7. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
( )8. A. they B. their C. them D. theirs
( )9. A. Some B. None C. Every D. All
( )10. A. somebody B. nobody
C. everybody D. anybody
A
D
C
C
B
二、短文填空
John was born in a poor village. His parents didn’t have money to send _1_ to school when he was at the age of going to school. He was very sad. Mr. White was _2_ neighbor. He knew John well and felt sorry for him. So he often lent some money to him so that John could go to school. He studied very hard and did well in all his lessons. When _3_ finished middle school, Mr. White introduced him to his friend in town. And John began his work.
him
his / their
he
Once Mr. White was badly hurt in a traffic accident. _4_ was impossible for him to get well. Before dying, he asked John to look after his daughter, Sandy. The young man agreed and several years later he married the girl. He loved his wife very much and tried his best to make _5_ happy. He was good at cooking and often cooked delicious food for her. So she became very fat.
It
her
One day she found there was _6_ wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home. So she went to hospital by _7_. The doctor looked her over and told her not to eat meat, sugar, chocolate and _8_ fatty（多脂肪的） things. She was worried that she might forget the doctor’s advice, so she wrote the names of the food on a list.
something
herself
other
When she got home, she put the list on the table and went out. When she returned home that afternoon, she found _9_ kinds of food（meat, sugar and chocolate） in the kitchen. John was busy cooking there. As soon as she saw him, she said to him, “I can eat _10_ of these food, dear! These food can make me sick and fat.”
all
none
1. _____________ 2. ______________
3. _____________ 4. ______________
5. _____________ 6. ______________
7. _____________ 8. ______________
9. _____________ 10. _____________
him
his / their
he
It
her
something
herself
other
all
none
谢 谢!