2022年中考英语动词非谓语动词课件（31张PPT）

(共31张PPT)
2022年中考英语非谓语动词复习
（冲刺版）
2022. 5.23
考察重点
1. it 作形式主语、宾语的用法；
2. 感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的用法；
3. 动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用；
4. 一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带to，但变为被动语态时就要带to；
5. 有些动词既可以接不定式也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，但是表达的意思不同。
辽宁2019-2021 非谓语动词考情概览
沈阳近6年中考对非谓语动词的考查很少涉及。
2021年 综合阅读54题考查了 spend+时间+ doing
2020年阅读填空49题考查了decide to do sth.；
2019年阅读填空48题考查了be good at＋v. ing。
动词不定式
1. 动词不定式(v.＋to do)的用法
(1)作主语。当作主语的不定式(短语)比较长时，通常情况下用it作形式主语，而将真正的不定式主语后置。
It's＋adj.(＋for/of sb.) ＋to do sth.
如： It is helpful to learn words by remembering them in groups.通过小组记忆单词有助于学习单词。
动词不定式
2)作表语。常位于系动词之后，通常可以和主语进行位置互换。如：
My dream is to be a pianist.＝To be a pianist is my dream.
我的梦想是成为一名钢琴家。
动词不定式
(3)作宾语。中考常考 (v.＋to do sth.)的动词(短语)如下：
afford负担得起 agree同意　　　 begin开始 decide决定
expect期望 fail失败 forget忘记 hope希望 learn学习 manage勉力完成 need需要 offer提供plan计划 prefer更喜欢 prepare准备
promise承诺 refuse拒绝 remember记住
try尽力 want想要 wish希望
动词不定式
(4)作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语(v.＋sb. to do sth.)的动词如下：
advise建议　　　allow允许　　　 ask要求 expect 期望
force 强迫 help帮助 invite邀请 order命令
teach教 tell告诉 want想要 warn警告wish希望 would like想要，愿意
（1）常见省略to的动词不定式
①在使役动词(let, have, make)及感官动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。但在变被动句时，需要补上不定式符号to (let除外)。如：
His words made me feel anxious. ＝I was made to feel anxious by words.他的话让我感到焦虑。
②help后带to或不带to均可。
2. 使用动词不定式的主要句型
(1)疑问词＋不定式
①动词不定式与疑问词连用可作主语或宾语。
②“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语时可转化为宾语从句。如：
Can you tell me where to buy the computer ＝Can you tell me where I can buy the computer？你能告诉我在哪里能买到这台电脑吗？
(2)动词不定式的其他常考句型
①had better (not) do sth.最好(不要)做某事
②would rather do sth.宁愿做某事
③prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
④adj.＋enough to do sth. 足够……做某事
⑤too...to...太……而不能……
⑥It is one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了
⑦It's time to do sth.＝It's time for sth.是时候做某事了
⑧It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间
动名词
1. 动名词(v.＋v. ing)的用法
功能 例 句 说明
作主语 Seeing is believing.眼见为实。Reading and studying in bed are bad for your eyes. 在床上看书和学习对你的眼睛不好。 谓语动词用单数形式；如果是并列的动名词(短 语)作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
功能 例句 说明
作表语 Her hobby is planting different flowers.＝ Planting different flowers is her hobby. 她的爱好是种不同的花。 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语。
功能 例句 说明
作 宾 语 动词 宾语 I will finish reading the book and give a report next Monday.下星期一我将读完这本书并作报告。 表示一般的习惯、抽象行为或经常性的动作。
介词 宾语 You can't stop people from saying what they think.你不能阻止人们说出他们的想法。 功 能 例句 说明
作定语 We should improve our learning methods. 我们应该改进我们的学习方法。 只表明它所修饰词的用途、所属关系等，置于被修饰词之前。
2. 常见接动名词作宾语的动词、短语和句型
avoid避免 consider考虑 enjoy喜欢
finish完成 imagine 想象 keep坚持
mind介意 miss思念 practice练习
suggest建议
be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
be good at doing sth.擅长做某事
be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
巧记后跟动名词作宾语的动词
喜欢(enjoy)不断(keep)提建议(suggest)
盼望(look forward to)习惯(be used to)却完毕(finish)
想要(feel like) 花费(spend)去练习(practice)
忍俊不禁(can’t help) 还介意(mind)
can't/couldn't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事
feel like doing sth.想要做某事
keep on doing sth.坚持/继续做某事
look forward to doing sth.期待做某事
spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事
succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
have fun/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有乐趣/麻烦/困难
既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词
forget to do sth.忘了去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth.忘了做过某事(已做)
mean to do sth.打算/想做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
还有哪些呢？
非谓语动词解题核心原则
原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。
原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing。
原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。
原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式。
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。
原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式
原则七：用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用-ing，表示动作正在进行；用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。
分词
句子成分 用法 例句
作定语 现在分词表示正在进行，有主动的含义，过去分词表示已经完成，有被动的含义。 The crying boy annoyed us a lot.那个哭泣的男孩使我们很烦恼。
作表语 放在系动词后作表语 The story is interesting. I am interested in it. 这个故事很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
作宾语补足语 用于补充说明宾语的动作和状态 He could hear his heart beating fast.
他可以听见自己的心脏跳得很快。
作状语 通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，来对主语的主要动作加以修饰。 I got home, feeling very tired. 我疲惫地回到家里。
非谓语动词练习
(2020天津)The government is setting up nature parks ______protect pandas.
to help B. help C. helped D. helps
2.(2019河南)---Do you always get up so early
----Yes, ___the first bus. My home is far away from school.
catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught
3.(2021重庆)He took off his expensive watch ___the fact that he was rich.
to hide B. hid C. hide D. hidden
4.(2019成都)Smart phones ___by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
made B. making C. to make D. are made
5.(2019南京)--Do you have any plans for the holiday
----Yes. I’m planning to travel to Jiu zhaigou. I’m looking forward to ___the colorful lakes and amazing waterfalls.
see B. seeing C. sees D. saw
6.(2019重庆)Miss Chen, my dear English teacher, often encourages me ___the changes in my study.
face B. faces C. facing D. to face
7.(2019苏州)--Please stay with me this weekend.
----I’m sorry, but my father and I planned ____Beijing a long time ago.
visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited
8.(2019扬州)---Danial, do you know that bees never get lost
---Yes. Bees always remember ___the same way as they went.
come back B. came back C. coming back D. to come back
9.(2019盐城)Mr. Wu keeps __his students that the future belongs to the well-educated.
telling B. to tell C. ordering D. to order
10.(2019湘潭)--Alex, would you mind ___ down the music It's too noisy.
---Sorry, dad, I’ll do it right away.
turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned
11(2019吉林)Michael visits many websites ___about Chinese culture.
learn B. learned C. to learn D. learning
12.(2019海南)Mrs. Green refuses ___sweet food. She doesn't want to get fat .
eat B. eating C. to eat D. ate
13.(2019兰州)We are supposed ___some housework with our parents when we have free time.
to share B. sharing C. shared D. share
14.(2019泰州)In his e-mail, David promised ___his daughter during her stay in Japan.
visiting B. visit C. visited D. to visit
15.(2019孝感)---In my opinion, animals shouldn’t be kept for fun.
---I think so. Forests are the best places for animals____.
live B. living C. to live D. to live in
16.(2019咸宁)---Come and see! The baby is crying.
---Please do something to make him____.
stop crying B. stop to cry C. crying D. cry
17.(2020大庆)--Would you like ___a film with us tonight
----Sorry, I have to help my mother do housework.
see B. to see C. seeing D. to seeing
18.(2019隆冬)---Betty, I am not good at English. Could you help me, please
----Sure. I’ll do what I can ____you improve your English.
help B. to help C. helping D. helped
19.(2021岳阳)People enjoy ____zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival.
eat B. eating C. to eat D. are eating
20. (2019鄂州)---Jimmy, I don’t like my classmate Bob. He is too noisy.
----Oh, so he is. But you can’t avoid ___him. He sits next to you.
meet B. to meet C. meeting D. to meeting
21.(2019绥化)A friend in need is a friend indeed. All of us need a friend ___.
to talk with B. talking with C. to talk D. talking
22.(2021天水)Hongkong Disneyland is well worth ____.
to visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting
23.(2019柳州)He ran as fast as he could ____the bust but he failed.
catch B. to catch C. caught D. be caught
24.(2019百色)The teachers often tell us ___in the river. It’s dangerous.
not swim B. don’t swim C. not swimming D. not to swim
25.(2019天水)I saw her ____flowers in the garden when I passed by.
to water B. water C. watering D. watered
26.(2019包头)--Why were you angry with your daughter
----She was busy ____and taking selfies (自拍)when I was talking to her.
texting B. to text C. text D. texted
27.(2019昆明)Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun ___it.
visiting B. to visit C. reading D. to read
28.(2020天水)Businessmen prefer ____e-mails to communicate with each other
rather than ___phone calls.
write; make B. to write; make C. to write; to make D. write; to make
29.(2019乐山)---What should I do, doctor
----_____healthy, you should take more exercise.
keep B. keeping C. to keep D. Kept
30.(2019自贡)---My uncle is against wasting anything.
----No wonder he would rather ___the old bike than ___a new one.
repair; to buy B. to repair; buy C. repair; buy D. repairing; to buy
31.(2019镇江)To my surprise, Daniel’s parents allowed him ____Shanghai Disneyland
with me.
to visit B. visiting C. visit D. visits
32.(2019泸州)The 5G network will make it easier for us ___our life.
enjoy B. to enjoy C. enjoyed D. enjoying
33.(2019眉山)I like the TV program The Reader best. I think we should ____spend
as much time as we can ___in our spare time.
read B. to read C. reading D. reads
34.(2019遂宁)These foreigners are practicing ______Chinese.
to speak B. speaking C. speak D. speaks
35. (2019南充)---I tried to make Alice _____her mind but I found it difficult.
----Well, I saw you ___ that when I went past.
changed; do B. changes; doing C. change; to do D. change; doing
36.(2019益阳)___. he has to listen to tapes every day.
to learn English well B. Learn English well C. Learning English well D. learned English well
37.(2021邵阳)---How do you improve your spoken English
---By practicing ___to my teachers and classmates.
talking B. to talk C. talk D. talked
38.(2020德阳)Mother asks me ___English ever morning.
read B. to read C. reading D. not read
39.(2019盘锦)---My best friend went abroad. I miss her and feel down today.
----Don’t be sad. Here is good news for you _____.
cheer up B. cheering up C. cheered up D. to cheer up
40.(2019上海)Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided ___his own restaurant.
open B. opened C. to open D. opening
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