人教新目标(Go for it)版2022年中考英语 时文阅读 航天航空（WORD版含答案）

2022届中考英语 时文阅读 航天航空
题型 主要内容
01 阅读理解 本文介绍神州13号成功发射，中国宇航员在太空中的任务以及意义，及中国在航天上的成就。
02 阅读理解 本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了去年三位宇航员在天宫空间站所做的讲座和科学实验的细节和实验原理。
03 完形填空 本文主要讲述了女宇航员——王亚平的故事。
04 阅读回答问题 本文主要讲述了一架客机波音747从昆明飞往广州时坠毁，造成了很大的伤亡的新闻。
05 短文选词填空 本文主要介绍了神舟十三号的成员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富于2022年4月16日返回地球的事情。
01
Five, four, three, two, one, blast off (发射升空)! At 00:23 on Oct 16, 2021, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft rose into the sky from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu. Three Chinese astronauts—Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu—set off for the Tiangong space station.
The spacecraft (宇宙飞船) successfully docked (对接) with the space station core module Tianhe. The crew (机组人员) will stay in space for six months, carrying out the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts.
Shenzhou XIII is the fourth spacecraft to visit the Tiangong station and the second manned ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting outpost (轨道位置). Before it, Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft was launched on June 17, carrying three astronauts—Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo. They stayed in the space station for three months and returned to Earth on Sept 17.
The Shenzhou XIII astronauts have a wide range of assignments (任务), such as doing medical experiments, setting up robotic (机械的) arms and checking the devices (设备) inside the station. They have performed (执行) two space walks to work outside the station—one was on Nov 7, with Wang becoming China’s first female spacewalker, while the other was on Dec 26.
The mission is a valuable (有价值的) opportunity for China’s science community (团体) because it allows the astronauts to carry out in-orbit experiments that take a lot of time and manual work, Pang Zhihao, a former analyst (分析师) at the China Academy of Space Technology, told China Daily.
The Shenzhou XIII mission has fueled (点燃) teenagers’ passion for space exploration as well. On Dec 9, the astronauts gave a science lecture to millions of students on Earth. They showed the kids a glimpse (一瞥) of their space life and did some fun science experiments. For example, Wang made a water ball to show that water in space is different from that on Earth. It will not flow downward (向下) if you try to pour it into a cup.
Denis Simon, executive (执行的) director of the Center for Innovation Policy at Duke University in the US, told Xinhua that China’s success in space continues to be impressive. “China is now well on its way to being a leader in space exploration,” he said.
1．What do we know about the mission of Shenzhou XIII
A．It has the most astronauts ever sent into space.
B．It is the first mission to send astronauts to an orbiting outpost.
C．The spacecraft is the first one to visit the Tiangong space station.
D．It is the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts.
2．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Devices astronauts used to finish their tasks. B．Who spacewalkers are.
C．How the space walks were performed. D．The tasks for Shenzhou XIII astronauts.
3．What do we know about water in space
A．It does not flow downward. B．Its color is different from water on Earth.
C．It flows quicker than it does on Earth. D．It will break a cup if people try to pour it.
4．What does Denis Simon mean in the last paragraph
A．There will be more success in space exploration around the world.
B．Cooperation between China and the US is going well.
C．China has followed the laws of space exploration.
D．China has done a great job in space exploration.
02
Do you still remember the lecture from China’s Tiangong space station last year On March 23, astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu gave another one! What fun things did they do this time
A bridge of water
How do you build a “bridge” with water It’s hard to do it on Earth. But in the space station, with little gravity（重力）, it’s quite easy!
In the lecture, Wang Yaping first made two water balls on two plates, then let them touch each other. Next, Wang pulled the two plates apart, and the water between them didn’t break. It became a “bridge”! This is because the surface tension （表面张力） of water is not disturbed （干扰） by gravity in space. The surface tension keeps the “skin” of the water strong so that the bridge doesn’t break.
Separate water and oil
If we mix oil and water in a bottle on Earth, they will quickly separate because they have different densities（密度）. Gravity brings the water down while the oil stays on top. However, if you do this in the space station, with no gravity, the oil and the water will stay together.
How can we separate them, then In the lecture, Ye Guangfu rotated（旋转） the bottle to create centrifugal force（离心力）. With this man-made gravity, the heavier water is pushed to the furthest point, which brings the lighter oil closer to the center.
1．How many steps did Wang do to make a bridge of water
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
2．Why will oil and water quickly separate on Earth
A．Because of thin air on Earth. B．Because of no gravity on Earth.
C．Because of strong people on Earth. D．Because of different densities and gravity.
3．What did Ye do to separate oil and water
A．He rotated the bottle. B．He pushed oil to the center.
C．He created different densities. D．He threw water to the furthest point.
03
Do you like the stories of Chang’e flies to the moon or Monkey King makes trouble in heaven These stories ____1____ a little girl’s space dream. She dreamt of flying to the moon when she was young. This girl is Wang Yaping, the most beautiful ____2____.
To achieve her dream, Wang took different kinds of ____3____ training which many people can’t imagine. Once wearing a 100-kilogram training suit, she stayed underwater for 6 hours. After the training, Wang’s hands kept __4___ so terribly that she was unable to hold chopsticks. But even so, she never thought of giving up. She proved to people that women can ____5____ the same hard training as men and do a job as well as men, even in the space.
After Wang’s first space trip in 2013, she went to space again last year. That was her ____6__ trip. She spent 195 days in space in total, and this is a new ____7__ for the Chinese astronauts.
On March 8, Wang sent a video message to ___8____ around the world. In the video, she said, “Ladies, ____9___ our nationalities and jobs are different, women all over the world have the same dream to make a peaceful world.” She hopes all girls who have space dreams like her can always ____10___ their dreams. “If you do so, one day, when you look up, you will see that your dream of going to the sea of stars is already within reach,” Wang said.
Wang Yaping has set a good example for all of us.
1．A．lit B．told C．knew D．wrote
2．A．pilot B．teacher C．doctor D．astronaut
3．A．easy B．hard C．interesting D．boring
4．A．moving B．writing C．shaking D．dropping
5．A．complete B．touch C．watch D．offer
6．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
7．A．change B．record C．invention D．creation
8．A．men B．people C．women D．human
9．A．since B．because C．unless D．although
10．A．fight for B．look for C．wait for D．thank for
04
According to the regional emergency management department（应急处置指挥部）, on the afternoon of March 21, 2022, a passenger plane with 132 people on board crashed（坠毁）in Tengxian County of Wuzhou, Guangxi. And it caused a mountain fire. The passenger plane is a Boeing 737 airplane, which belongs to China Eastern Airlines. It was flying from Kunming to Guangzhou when it crashed. The 132 people on board were 123 passengers and 9 crew members, said the Civil Aviation Administration of China（中国民航局）on its website. The airplane lost contact（联系）over Wuzhou City. It was expected to arrived in Guangzhou in half an hour. No people were alive on that plane. The Boeing 737 airplane was introduced into China on June 22, 2015. So far it has flown 8986 times and it has flown for 18239 hours.
The cause of the air crash is still unknown. But the two black boxes（黑匣子）— flight data recorders have been found. They are very helpful to find out the cause of the crash. Contacts（联系）were made with families of 123 passengers within 24 hours after the plane crashed, said Sun Shiying, chairman of China Eastern Airlines Yunnan branch. And many family members of the 123 dead passengers hurried to the scene（现场）in hope of finding them still alive. But to their great sadness, no one was alive, even their remains（遗体）could not be found.
1．Where did the airplane crash
________________________________________________________________
2．How many crew members died in the crash
________________________________________________________________
3．How long has the Boeing 737 airplane flown
________________________________________________________________
4．Who is Sun Shiying
________________________________________________________________
5．What can the two black boxes do
________________________________________________________________
05
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
two use how before dream spend they than reach happy
After circling Earth for six months, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and YeGuangfu, members of Shenzhou XIII, returned home on l6th April 2022.
“I am feeling very good. Thank President Xi for his care and attention. Thank all the Chinese people for ____1____ support and encourage-ment. I am proud of my great motherland, “Zhai told CCTV.
Wang, the first Chinese woman to live in the Tiangong station, said that she is very ____2___ to return to the motherland and wants to tell her little daughter that “mom has returned after ___3____ for the stars”.
Zhai and his teammates ____4___ 183 days in Tiangong station, where they carried out two science lectures (讲座) for Chinese students. In those lectures, the astronauts showed ____5___ they live and work inside the space station. Wang ___6___ a Bing Dwen Dwen toy, the popular mascot (吉祥物) of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, to show how objects fly in weightless environment. The lectures were to popularize space science and en courage the young to follow their science and space ____7__.
Wang first gave the nation’s space-based lecture to more ___8____ 60 million Chinese students during Shenzhou X mission (任务) in June 2013. That lecture made China the ____9___ country, following the United States, to have given a lesson to schoolchildren from space.
Several days _____10_____ their return, Zhai and his teammates recorded a video in which they answered questions from students across the United States who were serious about their life and tasks.