2019年高考英语真题分类汇编专题08：记叙文类阅读理解

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2019年高考英语真题分类汇编专题08：记叙文类阅读理解
一、阅读理解
1．（2019·浙江）阅读理解
Zachariah
Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military（军队的）medals
for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac
tracks down the medals' rightful owners, and returns them.
His effort
to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother,
a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac
knows the meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one himself in a war as a soldier.
So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.
Through
the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado's sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally
reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: "Who are you？What antique shop " However, when she hung up, she regretted the
way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove
to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. "At that point, I knew she meant business,"
Zac says. "To drive eight hours to come to see me."
The Piccolis
grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for
the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.
Before
hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn't realized the medal was missing. Like many military
medals, the one Zac's mother had found was a family treasure." This medal was
very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions（场合）would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands," Adeline
says.
As a child,
Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,”
Adeline says, "and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the
only thing we had left." Corrado Piccoli's Purple Heart medal now hangs at
the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.
Zac recently
returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado's
medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.
（1）Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？
A．In the army. B．In an antique shop.
C．From his mother. D．From Adeline Rockko.
（2）What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？
A．She was very impolite. B．She was serious about the medal.
C．She suspected his honesty. D．She came from a wealthy family.
（3）What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart
A．Her parents' advice. B．Her knowledge of antiques.
C．Her childhood dream. D．Her memory of her brother.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述
Zachariah Fike 从古董店以及网络上弄到旧的军功章并将其归还给它们的主人的故事。
（1）细节理解题。将题干中的 Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself 定位在第二段，根据第二句的 he earned one himself in a war as a soldier 可知他在当兵的时候自己在战争中得过一枚。故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。题干中的 Adeline drove to meet him 定位在第三段，由 "At that point, I knew she meant business, To drive eight hours to come to see me." 可知“她开车8个小时过来看我，不是开玩笑的”。mean business认真的，与be serious同意，故答案为B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四、五、六段对奖章的描写可知，Adeline 的哥哥在二战中牺牲了，这枚奖章是她们的传家宝，是她哥哥的唯一的纪念品。故答案为D。
【点评】本文属于故事类阅读，阅读时要通读文章，弄清文章的主旨大意和人物关系。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据定位查找信息，切忌凭感觉做题。
2．（2019·浙江）阅读理解
Money
with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station
in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with
pins and a sign that read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need."
People
quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash
to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took, "said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which
created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the
board and take a few dollars." Most of the bills on the board were singles,
but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
"What
I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,"
Bridges said. "There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that
was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took dollars took
only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While
the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was
to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might
try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
"After
all, everyone has bad days and good days," he said. "Some days you need
a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
（1）What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean
A．Money spent without hesitation. B．Money not legally made.
C．Money offered without conditions. D．Money not tied together.
（2）What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride
A．Women tended to be more sociable.
B．The activity attracted various people.
C．Economic problems were getting worse.
D．Young couples needed financial assistance.
（3）Why did Bridges carry out the project
A．To do a test on people's morals. B．To raise money for his company.
C．To earn himself a good reputation. D．To promote kindness and sympathy.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道，讲述在洛杉矶的联合车站，竖起了一块木板，上面钉着一些美钞和一个牌子，上面写着“留下你能给予的，拿走你所需要的。”虽然有很多人拿走了钱，但是还是有人把钱钉在木板上。
（1）词义猜测题。根据下文第二段开头 while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the btoard 可知这个板子的目的是为人们提供爱心交换，需要的从上面拿钱，有富余的可以在上面留钱。这些钱是没有附加条件的。故答案为C。
（2）推理判断题。题干中的bride是 Tyler Bridges 举的一个例子，为了证明前一句 People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took，即这个活动吸引了各种年龄、种族和经济背景的人。故答案为B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中
Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy可知他发起这个活动的目的是让人们展示慷慨和同情。故答案为D。
【点评】这是一篇新闻报道，文章的第一段第三句话就是本文的主题句，阅读时要要弄清新闻的主旨，弄清细节，根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解相关的句子，从而得到需要的答案。
3．（2019·北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it " With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
（1）How did Moore react to her dad's warning
A．She argued with him. B．She tried to find a way out.
C．She paid no attention. D．She chose to consult dentists.
（2）What is special about CanCandy
A．It is beneficial to dental health.
B．It is free of sweeteners.
C．It is sweeter than other candies.
D．It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
（3）What does Moore expect from her business
A．To earn more money. B．To help others find smiles.
C．To make herself stand out. D．To beat other candy companies.
（4）What can we learn from Alice Moore's story
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C．Positive thinking and action result in success.
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, ‘Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it '及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路解决问题。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.”可知，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.”可知，Moor想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The
65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's (阿尔楚海默症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer
by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in
his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside
the family.
Melissa, his
daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep
catch night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist
to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa's
best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed
willingness to help.
"Why do
this " Steve wondered.
"Because
she cares." Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears
in eye.
Naomi drove to
the Goodwin home. She told Steve she'd love to hear him play. Steve moved to
the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers
on the keys.
Naomi put a
small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart
sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
"It was
beautiful." Naomi said after listening to the recording. "The music
was worth saving."
Her responsibility,
her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was sill in Steve Goodwin. It
was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve
met every other week and spent hours together. He'd move his fingers clumsily
on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard
in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time
to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi
spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a
song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn't play it.
Working with
Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could
write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a
recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it "Melancholy
Flower".
Naomi heard
multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni
called him "honey" and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and
Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her
husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed
to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomi's
help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's
songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't.
In the months
leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told
the director she had a special one in mind: "Melancholy Flower"
She told the
director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the
playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission. He considered it
an honor.
After the
concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and
professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family
rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day
of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve
was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew
the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and
sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi
took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
（1）Why did Melissa want to save her father's music
A．His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B．She wanted to please her dying old father.
C．His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D．She wanted to make her father a professional.
（2）After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi ________.
A．refused to make a comment on it
B．was deeply impressed by his music
C．decided to free Steve from suffering
D．regretted offering help to her friend
（3）How can the process of Steve's recording be described
A．It was slow but productive. B．It was beneficial to his health.
C．It was tiresome for Naomi. D．It was vital for Naomi's career.
（4）Before Steve finished "Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni ________.
A．thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B．didn't expect the damage the disease brought about
C．didn't fully realize the value of her husband's music
D．brought her husband's music career to perfection
（5）How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland
A．He felt concerned about his illness.
B．He sensed a responsibility for music.
C．He regained his faith in music.
D．He got into a state of quiet.
（6）What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Kindness of Friends B．The Power of Music
C．The Making of a Musician D．The Value of Determination
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
（6）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文；标题选择题
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段中的“Melissa, his daughter ,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.”可知他的女儿Melissa觉得保存他的音乐很有价值，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第十段中的“‘it was beautiful,' Naomi said after listening to the recording. ‘ the music was worth saving.'”可知，听了录音之后Naomi说很美，值得保存，故可以得出Naomi对Steve的音乐印象深刻，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第十二段中的“He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.”以及第十三段中的“Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it, he just couldn't play it.”可知，Steve会笨拙地把手指放在钢琴上，然后Naomi把手指放在他放的地方，并且Steve努力解释脑海里的内容，所有的这些，都是Naomi在弹奏，而Steve在听，故可知这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段“Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs.”可知作品很多。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第十六段中的“Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't. ”以及下文Steve取得的成就可知在完成Melancholy Flower之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的真正价值，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.”可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会让他重新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选D。
（6）主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B项“音乐的力量”概括了全文内容，是最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
5．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone
National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had
not troubled anyone before: he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been
known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy
features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone (圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting
magma (岩浆) piles up. These can form remarkably quickly.
In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part
of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet
high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and
was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of
these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however,
a second les known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building.
These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,
leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this
second type, but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by
taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the
copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice
blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the
photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole
park-2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion
had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too
huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past
Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything
known to humans.
（1）What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone
A．Its complicated geographical features.
B．Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C．The mysterious history of the park.
D．The exact location of the volcano.
（2）What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about
A．The shapes of volcanoes. B．The impacts of volcanoes.
C．The activities of volcanoes. D．The heights of volcanoes.
（3）What does the underlined word "blow-up" in the last paragraph most probably mean
A．Hot-air balloon. B．Digital camera.
C．Big photograph. D．Bird's view.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，二十世纪六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.”可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers.”可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．（2019·新课标Ⅱ卷）阅读理解
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物） from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution（解决方案）. "We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager.
"There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than'Are you working towards your goal ' Basically, it's 'I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product."
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响） on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
（1）What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A．They are hard to get rid of. B．They lead to air pollution.
C．They appear different forms. D．They damage the instruments.
（2）What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A．To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B．To sharpen students' communication skills.
C．To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D．To link space technology with school education
（3）What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A．Check their product. B．Guide project designs
C．Adjust work schedules. D．Grade their homework.
（4）What is the best title for the text
A．NASA: The Home of Astronauts.
B．Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C．Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.
D．HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】教育文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了NASA HUNCH高中的学生对如何除掉太空中的细菌的研究，提出可行的解决方案并做出产品让航天中心的工程师进行评价。这一活动将学校教育与太空技术联系起来，对大学的招生和学生的实际生活均有影响。
（1）细节理解题。将题干中的International Space Station定位在第一段，根据第第二句中的“grow uncontrollably”和宇航员们“spend hours cleaning them up each week”可知，国际空间站上的细菌很难消除。故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。将题干中的HUNCH定位在第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers，可知，HUNCH 项目是将空间技术与学校教育联系起来，故答案为D。
（3）细节理解题。将题干中的NASA engineers定位在第三段，根据I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA可知学生的任务是制作产品并在年终的时候呈交给航天中心的工程师们，工程师do an in-person review，即“检查他们的产品”。故答案为A。
（4）主旨大意题。本文通过学生对如何除掉太空中的细菌的研究，提出可行的解决方案并做出产品让航天中心的工程师进行评价。这一活动将学校教育与太空技术联系起来，对大学的招生和学生的实际生活均有影响。故答案为B。
【点评】本文是科技与学校教育结合的一个例子，阅读时通过首段中的but可以快速确定文章中心。答题时紧扣题干中的关键词进行信息的确定。对于主旨大意题的判断要紧扣文章的主题句。
7．（2019·新课标Ⅰ卷）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he's, nervous. "I'm here to tell you today why you should … should…"Chris trips on the "-ld," a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support."…Vote for …me …"Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. "It takes a lot for any student," Whaley explains, "especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, 'I don't know, but I want to know.'"
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
"Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities," Whaley says, "is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident."
（1）What made Chris nervous？
A．Telling a story. B．Making a speech.
C．Taking a test. D．Answering a question.
（2）What does the underlined word "stumbles" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Improper pauses. B．Bad manners.
C．Spelling mistakes. D．Silly jokes.
（3）We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.
A．help students see their own strengths
B．assess students' public speaking skills
C．prepare students for their future jobs
D．inspire students' love for politics
（4）Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A．Humorous. B．Ambitious. C．Caring. D．Demanding.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。通过Chris Palaez的演讲来引出Whaley老师对孩子们的成长做出的努力。通过组织活动来增强移民的的孩子们在学习英语上的信心。（1）细节理解题。将题干中的nervous定位的第二段第一句，此处与上文构成转折，所以通过上下文可知他在做演讲。故答案为B。（2）词义猜测题。A、不正确的停顿；B、没有礼貌；C、拼写错误；D、愚蠢的玩笑。根据句意：除了一些……，克里斯做的非常好。结合前一句I'm here to tell you today why you should … should…可知他在表达时有些“不正确的停顿”，故答案为A。（3）推理判断题。通过题干中的Whaley's project将本题答案定位在倒数第二段最后两句Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves，Whaley不只是想让孩子们学会在公共场所读书讲话，他想让这些孩子们学会夸耀自己，最后一段“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”夸耀自己及自己的最好的品质对于没有自信的孩子来说很难的。可知他的目的是让孩子们看见自己的优点（see their own strengths）。故whaley的词答案为A。（4）推理判断题。本题要求找出能够描述老师Whaley的词，Humorous幽默的；ambitious有雄心的；caring关心的；demanding苛求的。通过文章中的叙述可知Whaley通过让学生做公开演讲来增强孩子们的语言能力，更重要的是增强孩子们的自信，所以他是一位关心孩子成长的老师，故答案为C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
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2019年高考英语真题分类汇编专题08：记叙文类阅读理解
一、阅读理解
1．（2019·浙江）阅读理解
Zachariah
Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military（军队的）medals
for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac
tracks down the medals' rightful owners, and returns them.
His effort
to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother,
a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac
knows the meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one himself in a war as a soldier.
So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.
Through
the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado's sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally
reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: "Who are you？What antique shop " However, when she hung up, she regretted the
way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove
to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. "At that point, I knew she meant business,"
Zac says. "To drive eight hours to come to see me."
The Piccolis
grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for
the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.
Before
hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn't realized the medal was missing. Like many military
medals, the one Zac's mother had found was a family treasure." This medal was
very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions（场合）would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands," Adeline
says.
As a child,
Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,”
Adeline says, "and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the
only thing we had left." Corrado Piccoli's Purple Heart medal now hangs at
the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.
Zac recently
returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado's
medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.
（1）Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？
A．In the army. B．In an antique shop.
C．From his mother. D．From Adeline Rockko.
（2）What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？
A．She was very impolite. B．She was serious about the medal.
C．She suspected his honesty. D．She came from a wealthy family.
（3）What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart
A．Her parents' advice. B．Her knowledge of antiques.
C．Her childhood dream. D．Her memory of her brother.
2．（2019·浙江）阅读理解
Money
with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station
in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with
pins and a sign that read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need."
People
quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash
to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took, "said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which
created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the
board and take a few dollars." Most of the bills on the board were singles,
but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
"What
I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,"
Bridges said. "There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that
was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took dollars took
only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While
the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was
to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might
try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
"After
all, everyone has bad days and good days," he said. "Some days you need
a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
（1）What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean
A．Money spent without hesitation. B．Money not legally made.
C．Money offered without conditions. D．Money not tied together.
（2）What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride
A．Women tended to be more sociable.
B．The activity attracted various people.
C．Economic problems were getting worse.
D．Young couples needed financial assistance.
（3）Why did Bridges carry out the project
A．To do a test on people's morals. B．To raise money for his company.
C．To earn himself a good reputation. D．To promote kindness and sympathy.
3．（2019·北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it " With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
（1）How did Moore react to her dad's warning
A．She argued with him. B．She tried to find a way out.
C．She paid no attention. D．She chose to consult dentists.
（2）What is special about CanCandy
A．It is beneficial to dental health.
B．It is free of sweeteners.
C．It is sweeter than other candies.
D．It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
（3）What does Moore expect from her business
A．To earn more money. B．To help others find smiles.
C．To make herself stand out. D．To beat other candy companies.
（4）What can we learn from Alice Moore's story
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C．Positive thinking and action result in success.
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
4．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The
65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's (阿尔楚海默症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer
by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in
his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside
the family.
Melissa, his
daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep
catch night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist
to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa's
best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed
willingness to help.
"Why do
this " Steve wondered.
"Because
she cares." Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears
in eye.
Naomi drove to
the Goodwin home. She told Steve she'd love to hear him play. Steve moved to
the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers
on the keys.
Naomi put a
small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart
sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
"It was
beautiful." Naomi said after listening to the recording. "The music
was worth saving."
Her responsibility,
her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was sill in Steve Goodwin. It
was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve
met every other week and spent hours together. He'd move his fingers clumsily
on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard
in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time
to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi
spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a
song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn't play it.
Working with
Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could
write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a
recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it "Melancholy
Flower".
Naomi heard
multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni
called him "honey" and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and
Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her
husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed
to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomi's
help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's
songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't.
In the months
leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told
the director she had a special one in mind: "Melancholy Flower"
She told the
director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the
playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission. He considered it
an honor.
After the
concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and
professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family
rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day
of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve
was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew
the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and
sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi
took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
（1）Why did Melissa want to save her father's music
A．His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B．She wanted to please her dying old father.
C．His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D．She wanted to make her father a professional.
（2）After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi ________.
A．refused to make a comment on it
B．was deeply impressed by his music
C．decided to free Steve from suffering
D．regretted offering help to her friend
（3）How can the process of Steve's recording be described
A．It was slow but productive. B．It was beneficial to his health.
C．It was tiresome for Naomi. D．It was vital for Naomi's career.
（4）Before Steve finished "Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni ________.
A．thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B．didn't expect the damage the disease brought about
C．didn't fully realize the value of her husband's music
D．brought her husband's music career to perfection
（5）How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland
A．He felt concerned about his illness.
B．He sensed a responsibility for music.
C．He regained his faith in music.
D．He got into a state of quiet.
（6）What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Kindness of Friends B．The Power of Music
C．The Making of a Musician D．The Value of Determination
5．（2019·江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone
National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had
not troubled anyone before: he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been
known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy
features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone (圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting
magma (岩浆) piles up. These can form remarkably quickly.
In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part
of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet
high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and
was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of
these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however,
a second les known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building.
These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,
leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this
second type, but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by
taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the
copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice
blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the
photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole
park-2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion
had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too
huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past
Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything
known to humans.
（1）What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone
A．Its complicated geographical features.
B．Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C．The mysterious history of the park.
D．The exact location of the volcano.
（2）What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about
A．The shapes of volcanoes. B．The impacts of volcanoes.
C．The activities of volcanoes. D．The heights of volcanoes.
（3）What does the underlined word "blow-up" in the last paragraph most probably mean
A．Hot-air balloon. B．Digital camera.
C．Big photograph. D．Bird's view.
6．（2019·新课标Ⅱ卷）阅读理解
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物） from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution（解决方案）. "We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager.
"There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than'Are you working towards your goal ' Basically, it's 'I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product."
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响） on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
（1）What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A．They are hard to get rid of. B．They lead to air pollution.
C．They appear different forms. D．They damage the instruments.
（2）What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A．To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B．To sharpen students' communication skills.
C．To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D．To link space technology with school education
（3）What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A．Check their product. B．Guide project designs
C．Adjust work schedules. D．Grade their homework.
（4）What is the best title for the text
A．NASA: The Home of Astronauts.
B．Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C．Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.
D．HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.
7．（2019·新课标Ⅰ卷）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he's, nervous. "I'm here to tell you today why you should … should…"Chris trips on the "-ld," a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support."…Vote for …me …"Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. "It takes a lot for any student," Whaley explains, "especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, 'I don't know, but I want to know.'"
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
"Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities," Whaley says, "is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident."
（1）What made Chris nervous？
A．Telling a story. B．Making a speech.
C．Taking a test. D．Answering a question.
（2）What does the underlined word "stumbles" in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Improper pauses. B．Bad manners.
C．Spelling mistakes. D．Silly jokes.
（3）We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.
A．help students see their own strengths
B．assess students' public speaking skills
C．prepare students for their future jobs
D．inspire students' love for politics
（4）Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A．Humorous. B．Ambitious. C．Caring. D．Demanding.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述
Zachariah Fike 从古董店以及网络上弄到旧的军功章并将其归还给它们的主人的故事。
（1）细节理解题。将题干中的 Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself 定位在第二段，根据第二句的 he earned one himself in a war as a soldier 可知他在当兵的时候自己在战争中得过一枚。故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。题干中的 Adeline drove to meet him 定位在第三段，由 "At that point, I knew she meant business, To drive eight hours to come to see me." 可知“她开车8个小时过来看我，不是开玩笑的”。mean business认真的，与be serious同意，故答案为B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四、五、六段对奖章的描写可知，Adeline 的哥哥在二战中牺牲了，这枚奖章是她们的传家宝，是她哥哥的唯一的纪念品。故答案为D。
【点评】本文属于故事类阅读，阅读时要通读文章，弄清文章的主旨大意和人物关系。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据定位查找信息，切忌凭感觉做题。
2．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道，讲述在洛杉矶的联合车站，竖起了一块木板，上面钉着一些美钞和一个牌子，上面写着“留下你能给予的，拿走你所需要的。”虽然有很多人拿走了钱，但是还是有人把钱钉在木板上。
（1）词义猜测题。根据下文第二段开头 while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the btoard 可知这个板子的目的是为人们提供爱心交换，需要的从上面拿钱，有富余的可以在上面留钱。这些钱是没有附加条件的。故答案为C。
（2）推理判断题。题干中的bride是 Tyler Bridges 举的一个例子，为了证明前一句 People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took，即这个活动吸引了各种年龄、种族和经济背景的人。故答案为B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中
Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy可知他发起这个活动的目的是让人们展示慷慨和同情。故答案为D。
【点评】这是一篇新闻报道，文章的第一段第三句话就是本文的主题句，阅读时要要弄清新闻的主旨，弄清细节，根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解相关的句子，从而得到需要的答案。
3．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, ‘Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it '及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路解决问题。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.”可知，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.”可知，Moor想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
（6）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文；标题选择题
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段中的“Melissa, his daughter ,felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.”可知他的女儿Melissa觉得保存他的音乐很有价值，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第十段中的“‘it was beautiful,' Naomi said after listening to the recording. ‘ the music was worth saving.'”可知，听了录音之后Naomi说很美，值得保存，故可以得出Naomi对Steve的音乐印象深刻，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第十二段中的“He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head.”以及第十三段中的“Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it, he just couldn't play it.”可知，Steve会笨拙地把手指放在钢琴上，然后Naomi把手指放在他放的地方，并且Steve努力解释脑海里的内容，所有的这些，都是Naomi在弹奏，而Steve在听，故可知这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段“Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal songs.”可知作品很多。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第十六段中的“Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't. ”以及下文Steve取得的成就可知在完成Melancholy Flower之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的真正价值，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.”可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会让他重新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选D。
（6）主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B项“音乐的力量”概括了全文内容，是最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
5．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，二十世纪六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.”可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers.”可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】教育文化类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了NASA HUNCH高中的学生对如何除掉太空中的细菌的研究，提出可行的解决方案并做出产品让航天中心的工程师进行评价。这一活动将学校教育与太空技术联系起来，对大学的招生和学生的实际生活均有影响。
（1）细节理解题。将题干中的International Space Station定位在第一段，根据第第二句中的“grow uncontrollably”和宇航员们“spend hours cleaning them up each week”可知，国际空间站上的细菌很难消除。故答案为A。
（2）细节理解题。将题干中的HUNCH定位在第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers，可知，HUNCH 项目是将空间技术与学校教育联系起来，故答案为D。
（3）细节理解题。将题干中的NASA engineers定位在第三段，根据I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA可知学生的任务是制作产品并在年终的时候呈交给航天中心的工程师们，工程师do an in-person review，即“检查他们的产品”。故答案为A。
（4）主旨大意题。本文通过学生对如何除掉太空中的细菌的研究，提出可行的解决方案并做出产品让航天中心的工程师进行评价。这一活动将学校教育与太空技术联系起来，对大学的招生和学生的实际生活均有影响。故答案为B。
【点评】本文是科技与学校教育结合的一个例子，阅读时通过首段中的but可以快速确定文章中心。答题时紧扣题干中的关键词进行信息的确定。对于主旨大意题的判断要紧扣文章的主题句。
7．【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。通过Chris Palaez的演讲来引出Whaley老师对孩子们的成长做出的努力。通过组织活动来增强移民的的孩子们在学习英语上的信心。（1）细节理解题。将题干中的nervous定位的第二段第一句，此处与上文构成转折，所以通过上下文可知他在做演讲。故答案为B。（2）词义猜测题。A、不正确的停顿；B、没有礼貌；C、拼写错误；D、愚蠢的玩笑。根据句意：除了一些……，克里斯做的非常好。结合前一句I'm here to tell you today why you should … should…可知他在表达时有些“不正确的停顿”，故答案为A。（3）推理判断题。通过题干中的Whaley's project将本题答案定位在倒数第二段最后两句Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves，Whaley不只是想让孩子们学会在公共场所读书讲话，他想让这些孩子们学会夸耀自己，最后一段“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”夸耀自己及自己的最好的品质对于没有自信的孩子来说很难的。可知他的目的是让孩子们看见自己的优点（see their own strengths）。故whaley的词答案为A。（4）推理判断题。本题要求找出能够描述老师Whaley的词，Humorous幽默的；ambitious有雄心的；caring关心的；demanding苛求的。通过文章中的叙述可知Whaley通过让学生做公开演讲来增强孩子们的语言能力，更重要的是增强孩子们的自信，所以他是一位关心孩子成长的老师，故答案为C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
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