课程主题： 阅读理解
学习目标: 掌握阅读理解做题思路
教学内容
进门测试(2021年姑苏区七校联考一模C) The last football season was long over. Our team had done well but I wanted us to do even better the next year. But how Then an idea hit me. I ordered cards with simple words –– “BOONVILLE PIRATES –– 1974 STATE CHAMPIONS (州冠军)! ” When the cards were printed, we gave them out all over the town. Pretty soon those cards were everywhere. That was what we wanted. We wanted our goal (目标) to be right in front of us, and for all to see. www. Although someone doubted our words, it only served to encourage us to make our dream come true. Our school had never won a state champion in any sport –– we decided to change that history. By the time football practice started in late August, we were focused (集中精力的). With our goal in our minds, we stepped into the final. Then it started to snow. A huge storm broke and school was cancelled. But we made it to the school gym and kept practicing. www. Our coach received a call the night before the game. He told us that state officers were thinking of cancelling the game and announcing that both teams were champions because of the bad weather. We were asked if we would accept that. “No way” was our answer. The day came. We arrived at the football field and found it was covered in snow. Still, we began our warm-ups. Both teams didn't score in the first half. We became worried because time was running out our team. During the break, Coach Reagan reminded us of what we had been through to get to this moment. Then he pulled out the card, saying, “Do you want this ” Playing conditions were still difficult, but our determination (决心) didn't disappear. We unbelievably scored 34 points in the second half. Our year-long dream came true –– 1974 STATE CHAMPIONS. 26. Why did the members give out the cards all over the town A. To make their dream about a state champion known. B. To call on people to join their team. C. To tell their success in the last football season. D. To invite people to watch the game. www. 27. What did the Coach Reagan do during the team's break time A. He taught them to stay calm. B. He gave them some valuable advice. C. He comforted them for a scoreless first half. D. He reminded them of their dream. www. 28. What can be the best title for the passage A. No pain, no gain B. Work towards your dream C. Find what you love D. Face difficulties with courage ADB 多元导学 互动精讲 细节理解题 1.题型特点 这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提问,即针对(w)h-问题,如用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。 2.细节理解题主要的设问方式 ①Which of the following is true/not true ②Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage ③Which is the correct time order of the events ④Which of the following best describes... ⑤Which of the following shows/gives the right relationship /position of... ⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How... 3.细节理解题的解题技巧 题干/选项中找关键词：名词，动词，形容词，副词，大写的单词，数字 带着关键词去原文定位答案句：含有越多的关键词正确率越高 对比选项，同义句就是正确答案 【例题精讲1】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模A） The two mascots (吉祥物) for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games – Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuev Rhon Rhon have gained worldwide popularity for their outlook and special meanings. One mascot for Beijing 2022 is a giant panda with a suit of ice, a love of winter sports, and a heart of gold! It is designed in 3D and looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell (冰壳) and looks fat. "Bing" means ice in Chinese, representing purity and strength, while "Dwen Dwen" means health and vitality (活力), and symbolizes the strong body. The design for Bing Dwen Dwen was chosen from over 5, 800 submissions (提交) from China and 35 countries around the world as part of a global competition arranged by the Beijing 2022 Organising Committee. Another mascot "Shuey Rhon Rhon" is a Chinese lantern child. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. "Shuey Rhon Rhon "can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games. 21. Bing Dwen Dwen has special meanings except _________ . A. energy B. purity C. health D. strength 22. Why do people make or buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year comes A. Because it is easy to make red lanterns. B. Because "Shuey Rhou Rhon" is a mascot. C. Because people think red lanterns are very lovely. D. Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck. 【例题精讲2】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模B） My husband and I both grew up playing sports. So our little daughter, Kennedi showed early athletic promise. She could easily outrun other kids, while playing with them on the playground. By the time Kennedi started primary school, we signed her up for track (径赛) training. Slowly but surely, track training took over our lives. We gave up taking vacations so our girl wouldn't miss any practices. I even stopped Kennedi from swimming with her friends, for I thought she would waste the energy needed for competition. We didn't ask Kennedi if that was what she wanted. Of course she did! she kept winning, and every kid liked to win. When Kennedi was 13 years old, at a national sports event, she suddenly fell down and ended up lying on the track, crying in pain. A doctor said, "She worked out too hard that her knee was hurt. She might not run as fast as before. "The doctor kept talking, but I had a hard time following the words. My feelings were mixed. Was I too strict with my daughter Was I party to blame (责备) for her injury (受伤) Then I realized that my kid needed a mom more than a coach. To our relief (安慰), after a year-long's strict medical examination, Kennedi almost recovered. She even joined the volleyball team at her high school. And we were gradually back to a busy family schedule. But not everything is the same. We seldom miss vacations any more, even if that means missing practice. And I’m learning to believe that if my daughter decides not to run track in college, that only means life has something even more wonderful in store. 24. What do we know about Kennedi in primary school A. Kennedi studied very hard. B. Kennedi was asked to train by a coach. C. Kennedi spent most of her free time in training. D. Kennedi could play with her friends freely. 25. What caused Kennedi’s injury according to the doctor A. A serious fall. B. Hard exercise. C. Careless training. D. Running speed. ADCB 【巩固练习1】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模C） Andie Ang's personal interest in monkeys was awakened when she was a child. Her father saw some sailors mistreating a small young African monkey and brought it home. Just ten at the time, Ang clearly remembers her excitement on first seeing the golden-furred little monkey. She named him Ah Boy and they soon became close friends. "I would cycle through the neighborhood and Ah Boy would always follow me, "recalls Ang. "Neighbors would stop to look and cry, ‘Oh, so cute! " Ah Boy quickly developed a habit of climbing onto Ang's shoulders to pull her hair apart in search of anything that shouldn’t have been there. But as the years passed, the family became unable to care for the monkey, so Ang turned to the Internet for help. After a hard and costly searching, the day arrived for Ang and Ah Boy to say goodbye. It was a tearful parting for her. Later that day, Ang made up her mind to study monkeys. "The time we spent together made me want to know more about monkeys, the threats (威胁) to them, and how we can help," she says. After getting a Life Sciences degree (学位), Ang went on to complete a PHD in Biological Anthropology with a specialty in Raffles' banded langurs (黑脊叶猴), which hadn't been studied for 15 years. Today, she spends hours in Singapore's Central Catchment Nature Reserve, where the whole local population of Raffles' banded langurs can be found, doing field research in the forest. As a result of Ang's work and growing support among locals, the community has come to better understand the value of native wildlife. The future of this small population of Raffles' banded langurs has become a lot more certain. 27. The author writes Paragraph 2 mainly to show _________ . A. the excitement of Ang B. the connection between the neighbors C. the cleverness of Ah Boy D. the closeness between Ang and Ah Boy 28. What made Ang decide to study monkeys A. Her father's encouragement. B. Her experience of caring for Ah Boy. C. Her neighbors' love for Ah Boy. D. Her interest in getting a science degree. DB 【巩固练习2】（2022年无锡二模C） Bertie was sad for weeks, months after the lion died. There was nothing I could do to cheer him or even console him. He would sit for hours in his room, or go off on long walks all on his own. He seemed so shut away inside himself. Try as I did, I could not reach him. Then one day I was in the kitchen here, when I saw him hurrying down the hill, waving his stick and shouting to me. “I’ve got it,” he cried, as he came in, “I’ve got it at last.” He showed me the end of his stick. It was white. “See that, Millie ” “Chalk! It’s chalk underground, isn’t it ” “So ” I said. “You know the famous White Horse on the hillside at Uffington, the one they carved (雕刻) out of the chalk a thousand years ago That horse never died, did it It’s still alive, isn’t it Well, that’s what we’re going to do, so he will never be forgotten. We’ll carve the White Prince out on the hillside — he’ll be there forever, and he’ll be white forever too. ” “It’ll take a bit of time, won’t it ” I said. “We’ve got plenty, haven’t we ” he replied, with the same smile he had smiled at me when he was a ten-year-old boy asking me if he could come back and mend my kite for me. Every spare hour we had, we were up there scraping (刨土) away with spades (铲子), and we had buckets (桶) to carry away the earth. It was hard, back-breaking work, but it was a labour of love. We did it, Bertie and I, we did it together — paws, claws, tail, mane, until he was complete and perfect in every detail. It was just after we’d finished that the butterflies first came. We noticed that when the sun comes out after the rain in the summer, the butterflies — Adonis Blues, they are, I looked them up — come out to drink on the chalk face. Then the White Prince becomes a butterfly lion, and breathes again like a living creature. So now you know how Bertie’s white lion became the White Prince and how the White Prince became our butterfly lion. (Adapted from The Butterfly Lion) 32. The correct time order of the events about the story is _________. a. The lion died and Bertie was sad. b. Butterflies flew to the chalk face. c. Bertie decided to carve the lion on the hillside. d. Bertie and Millie spent all the spare time carving. A. a-c-d-b B. a-d-b-c C. d-a-b-c D. c-b-a-d A 推理判断题 1.题型特点 推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。 2.推理判断题主要的设问方式 ①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that... ②Which of the following conclusions can be drawn according to the passage ③The writer suggests that... ④The writer uses the example of...to show that... ⑤What’s the writer’s attitude toward... ⑥What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage ⑦From the passage,we know/learn... ⑧The writer probably agrees that... 3.推理判断题的解题技巧 同细节题做题技巧 【例题精讲】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模A） 23. From the passage, we can learn _________ . A. China arranged the national competition for designing mascots B. "Bing Dwen Dwen" can skate very well C. "Shuey Rhon Rhon" likes ice sports and is good at them D. the two mascots are very popular around the world 【例题精讲2】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模B） 26. How would Kennedi's mother feel about her giving up running in the future A. Acceptable. B. Uncomfortable. C. Wonderful. D. Hopeful. DA 【巩固练习】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模C） 29. What do we know about Raffles' banded langurs A. They have been sent back to Africa. B. They are human beings' life friends. C. They are under local protection now. D. They have already had a large population. C 词义猜测题 题型特点 这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。 2.词义猜测题主要的设问方式 ①What’s the meaning of the underlined word/phrase...in Chinese ②The underlined word...refers to/probably means... ③The underlined word...could be replaced by... ④What is the meaning of... ⑤Which of the following words can take the place of the word... 指代题：it, they, she.. 词义猜测题的解题技巧 重点抓三句话：上句，本句，下句。（切记一定要完整的句子） 1）构词法： 根据一部分英语单词的词根，观察词头（前缀）或词尾（后缀）来猜词义。 Prefix前缀 un-(（不、非、表示否定） dis-（不、非、表示否定） re-（又、再、重新） tele-（远） Suffix后缀 -or/-er（从事某种职业的人，名词后缀） -ful（充满，形容词后缀） -less（没有、无，形容词后缀）
2）根据上下文的意思来猜测 As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. In the text, “put an end to” means “______”. A. stop B. cut C. kill D. fly 3）通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词 看到“be considered as, refer to, and, or, also”等常连接同义词组的标志词时，可以根据这些标志词前后句的同义词关系猜测出词义。 例题：He is so homely, not as handsome as his brother.根据not...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即“不好看的、不漂亮的”意思。 4）关系词法 看到“ because，as，since，for，so，as a result, so, so … that, such … that 等表示前因后果关系的关联词时，根据因果关系判断出词义。 看到“but, however, instead of , unlike, yet, although …”表示转折关系的关联词时，根据转折关系猜出词义。 5）举例法 看到“such as, like, for example”等举例的标志词时，可以根据后面的例句猜测词义。 例题：Today people often spend lots of money on appliances, for example, washing machines （机器）and color televisions. 根据“for example”后面的句子可以判断出词义是“家用电器”。 6）定义法 看到“mean, be known as, be called”等标志词时，根据定义法猜测词义。 7）生活常识法 Many plants and animals are going extinct. Mammoths, which are related (有关联的) with Asia elephants, are now extinct. There are no mammoths in the world today. 1.A mammoth is a kind of__________. A. plant B. bird C. animal D. tree 【例题精讲1】（2022年无锡二模B） In fairy tales, it’s usually the princess that needs protecting. At Google in Silicon Valley, the princess is the one defending the castle. Parisa Tabriz is a 31-year-old with perhaps the most unique job title in engineering — “Google Security Princess”. Her job is to hack into the most popular web browser (浏览器) on the Earth, trying to find weaknesses in the system before the “black hats” do. To defeat Google’s attackers, Tabriz must first think like them. Tabriz’s role has changed a lot in the eight years since she first started working at Google. Back then, the young graduate from Illinois University was one of 50 security engineers — today there are over 500. Internet Crime has come a long way in the past decade — from the Nigerian Prince Scam to credit card theft. Tabriz’s biggest concern now is the people who find bugs in Google’s software, and sell the information to governments or criminals. To fight against this, the company has set up a “Vulnerability Rewards Programme”, paying anywhere from $100 to $ 20,000 for reported mistakes. It’s a world away from Tabriz’s computer-free childhood home in Chicago. The daughter of an Iranian-American doctor father, and Polish-American nurse mother, Tabriz had little contact with computers until she started studying engineering at college. Take a close look at a line-up of Google security staff today, and you’ll find women like Tabriz are few and far between — though in the last few years she has hired more female tech geniuses. Tabriz agrees there’s an obvious gender (性别) disequilibrium in Silicon Valley. Funnily enough, during training sessions, Tabriz first asks new colleagues to hack into not a computer, but a vending machine (自动售货机). Tabriz’s job is as much about technological know-how as understanding the psychology (心理) of attackers. 30. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “disequilibrium” in the last but one paragraph A. advantage B. imbalance C. difference D. competition B 【例题精讲2】（2021年园区一模B） Ideas of beauty are like the sea: they always change, but they're always somehow the same. There are some things that have always been considered beautiful, while other fashions come and go. Some beautiful qualities are the same across cultures and centuries. One important part of beauty is symmetry. Symmetry means how alike two halves of an object are. Faces that are symmetrical are considered more beautiful than those that aren't. Signs of good health are also always called beautiful, such as shiny hair, clear skin, and strong teeth. Strong teeth don't necessarily have to be white, though. In some parts of Vietnam(越南), black teeth are considered attractive. Other parts of beauty change with time and geography. Until recently --- 40 or 50 years ago --- it was beautiful to be soft and round. Having some fat was considered beautiful throughout most of history. It meant that you were healthy and didn't have to work hard. Now we know that being fit is healthy, too. Being fit is something that takes time and effort-and probably money. Being thin now shows status(地 位) the way being fat did. Different cultures have different ideas of beauty. Some cultures in Africa and Asia value long necks. Women have their necks stretched with metal rings to achieve a beautiful look. In ancient China, bound feet(裹足) were beautiful, though they prevented women from walking comfortably. Some ideas of beauty change with our opinions of health and status, but others stay the same. There are few rules about beauty. In the end, the most beautiful person in the world is the one you look at with love. 23. What's the meaning of the underlined word “symmetry” A. energy B. feature C. habit D. balance D 【例题精讲3】（2021年高新区一模B） Bees in summer are quieter than before. Other pollinators(传粉昆虫)like butterflies are also hard to survive. Loss of food sources (来源) is a key reason for the fall in their populations. But city gardens can provide important food for pollinators, according to the finding of a new study. Nicholas Tew is a scientist at the University of Bristol in England. He was curious about how much food could be provided in different types of landscapes. Tew and a team of researchers looked at the information they collected from 12 sites across the United Kingdom. The team studied three landscape types: city areas, farms and nature reserves. They recorded 536 types of flowering plants. They found cities had much more flowering plants than other areas. People often plant them for their beauty. Farm sites and nature reserves had fewer types of plants. Being rich in the types of plants is important because different pollinators prefer different types of flowers, Tew says. They may prefer yellow flowers over purple ones, for example. Or broad flowers over those that are cup - shaped. “Flowers have different shapes, sizes, colors and smells, and pollinators are different in their preferences,” Tew notes. The more types of flowering plants in one area, the more favorite food pollinators can find. The researchers looked more closely at city sites. They examined eight types of places within four cities. These included nature reserves, vegetable gardens, flower gardens and other green spaces. The team also looked at parks, sidewalks, parking lots and industrial areas. Flower gardens, the team found, provide 85 percent of food for pollinators in city areas. “This excellent study shows that small city gardens are important for pollinators,” says Xingwen Loy, who was not in the team. “We should continue to create such places to support city pollinators, ” he says. 24. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to A. Pollinators. B. Scientists. C. Citizens. D. Farmers. A 【巩固练习】（2021年高新区一模D） Imagine you are walking along the beach. Suddenly you see something shiny in the sand. Your curious mind makes you move in for a closer look. It is a glass bottle, and inside is a rolled - up piece of paper. This message in a bottle may have travelled half way around the world before landing on this beach. Though it may seem strange, people really write notes, put them in bottles, and throw the bottles into the ocean. They do so for different reasons. Most often it is simply for fun. All the world's oceans are connected, and tides (潮汐) can carry the bottles in many different directions. There is no telling where a bottle may end up or how far it may drift. For example, a primary school student near Seattle, Washington, let go of a bottle that traveled more than 1,700 miles before being found in Alaska 21 years later. Similarly, a man threw a bottle into the ocean near his New Hampshire hotel. His note told the finder to return the bottle to his wife Tina for a reward. More than 50 years later, the bottle was found washed up on a Caribbean island nearly 2,000 miles away. In 2007, students at a school in Hawaii took part in a science experiment (实验) called Message in a Bottle. As part of the experiment, about 25 bottles were put into the ocean to drift. Each bottle contained (包含) a message from a student. Six months later a 13-year-old gin in Papua New Guinea found one. She and the sender became pen friends. Overtime people found other bottles of the students. From time to time someone tries to use a message in a bottle to contact a certain person. In 1914 a British man fighting in World War I wrote a letter to his wife. Eighty-five years after the man threw his bottle into the sea, a fisherman found it in his fishing net. The fisherman delivered (递送) the letter to the man's daughter, who was an adult by then. She was very excited to receive the letter and learn more about her father.
Throwing a bottle in the ocean is not a very dependable way to deliver a message. But, when a message is found, it is certainly a memorable event. 30. What does the underlined word “drift” in paragraph 2 mean A. Travel over land. B. Swim under the sea. C. Blow in the wind. D. Move in the water. D 主旨大意题 1.题型特点 要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题型时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。 2.主旨大意题主要的设问方式 ①What’s the main idea of this passage ②What is the passage mainly about/ discuss ③The writer means to tell us that . ④What’s the best title for the passage 主旨大意题的解题技巧 重点抓首尾段------找主题句（主题句一般在段首/段尾） 没有主题句就要概括啦 2）将主题句与选项对比，同义句就是答案（切记以偏概全） 【例题精讲1】（2022年无锡二模D） Phil Wise’s heart raced as he opened one of the transport tubes. He and a team of scientists stepped back as a young Tasmanian devil (袋獾) named Oddity came out. Oddity took a cautious look around and then ran into the forest on Maria Island. Wise is a wildlife scientist from the Save the Tasmanian Devil Program. The scientists working with this program study Tasmanian devils, monitor their health, and track the devils found in the wild. Oddity and 14 others were raised in a reserve and then brought to Maria Island to be released (释放) into the wild. Though they are raised in zoos all over the world, devils live wild only in Tasmania. They are important to the ecosystem because they eat dead animals they find, which helps clean up the environment. Devils also eat animals such as wallabies, wombats, and possums, helping to keep those populations balanced. But a cancer called Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD) is killing devils on mainland Tasmania, endangering the species (物种). The goal of the scientists who released Oddity and the others was to create a population of disease-free Tasmanian devils on Maria Island. Oddity is a part of this “insurance population” of devils raised in zoos and wildlife reserves. This means if the facial disease causes the Tasmanian devils to die out in the wild, devils like Oddity can be sent back into disease-free areas of Tasmania, giving devils a chance to survive. The scientists chose Maria Island for the release because there is no DFTD there. It is separated from mainland Tasmania by the ocean. Devils from the rest of Tasmania can’t get there, which prevents the facial disease from spreading. Oddity started his new life on Maria Island. Life on this island off the coast of Tasmania was a big change for Oddity and the others. These devils had little experience with other kinds of animals and had to explore the land and find new bones. Wise and his fellow scientists monitored Oddity and the 14 other Tasmanian devils. The animals did so well that 13 more devils were released. The 28 original Tasmanian devils have reproduced; there are now around 80 devils. They are doing well on Maria Island, and the plan is considered a success. Wise says he is “extremely happy to know that animals are getting a chance to be free in the wild in an area that is free of DFTD. It is the ultimate aim of all who work to conserve endangered species.” 37. What does the passage mainly talk about A. A program studying Tasmanian devils. B. A disease attacking Tasmanian devils. C. A step to save Tasmanian devils. D. A perfect place for Tasmanian devils. C 【例题精讲2】（2021年高新区一模D） 32. Which is the best title for the article A. Messages in Bottles B. Travels across Oceans C. Contact with Families D. Ways of Sending Messages A 【巩固练习】（2022年无锡二模B） 29. Which is the best title for the passage A. Causes of Internet Crime. B. A Security Engineer’s Daily Life. C. Google’s New Job. D. Tabriz, the “Security Princess” at Google. 课堂检测 （2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模D） At 00: 23 on Oct 16, 2021, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft rose into the sky from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu. Three Chinese astronauts- Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu - set off for the Tiangong space station. The spacecraft successfully docked (对接) with the space station core module Tianhe. The Chinese astronauts will stay in space for six months, carrying out the longest-ever space mission (使命). Shenzh ou XIII is the fourth spacecraft to visit the Tiangong station and the second manned ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting outpost (轨道位置). Before it, Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft was launched on June 17, carrying three astronauts --- Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo. They stayed in the space station for three months and returned to Earth on Sept 17. The Shenzhou XIII astronauts have a wide range of assignments, such as doing medical experiments, setting up robotic (机械的) arms and checking the devices(设备) inside the station. They have performed two space walks to work outside the station – one was on Nov 7, with Wang becoming China's first female spacewalker, while the other was on Dec. 26. The mission is a valuable opportunity because it allows the astronauts to carry out in-orbit experiments that take a lot of time and manual work. The Shenzhou XIII mission has fueled (点燃) teenagers' passion for space exploration as well. On Dec9, the astronauts gave a science lecture to millions of students on Earth. They showed the kids their space life and did some fun science experiments. For example, Wang made a water ball to show that water in space is different from that on Earth. It will not flow downward if you try to pour it into a cup. Denis Simon, the director of the Center for Innovation Policy at Duke University in the US, told Xinhua that China's success in space continues to be impressive. "China is now well on its way to being a leader in space exploration, "he said. 30. What do we know about the mission of Shenzhou XIII A. It has the most astronauts ever sent into space. B. It is the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts. C. It is the first mission to send astronauts to an orbiting outpost. D The spacecraft the first one to visit the Tiangone space station. 31. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about A. The tasks for Shenzhou XIII astronauts. B. The men who are spacewalkers. C. Devices astronauts used to finish their tasks. D. Time when the space walks were performed. 32. What does Denis Simon mean in the last paragraph A. There will be more success in space exploration around the world. B. Cooperation between China and the US is going well. C. China has done a great job in space exploration. D. China has followed the laws of space exploration. BAC (2021年吴中、吴江、相城一模C) It was a cold November morning several years ago. My alarm clock had just gone off, but I was having trouble getting out of bed. My dad had died a few weeks before. I felt weighed down by sadness and depression. Tough(结实的)and strong, my dad had worked so hard all of his life to support us. He had a temper and would sometimes shout at my brothers and me, but I always knew that he loved me. Still, he had been raised in a traditional way and raised us that way too. I couldn't remember, for example, ever being hugged by him. But Finally my mom and grandma passed away. My dad moved into grandma's home right up the road from where I lived. I was so happy to have him close by. I would often visit him and just talk with him about life. But we still hardly touched and never hugged. Finally his own health began to rapidly fail and within a few months he left us. It was a cold morning when we had his service, but I was too cold and numb(麻木的)inside myself to feel it. I couldn't remember when we'd had our last hug. I sighed(叹气)and got out of my bed. I turned on the lights and walked into the hallway. I saw my son Jefier walking down the hall to meet me. Suddenly, he opened his arms and gave me a heart-felt hug. And just as he did, I heard my dad's voice deep inside of me say, "Joey, this hug is from me!" I cried and smiled at the same time. In that moment, in the place where heart, mind, and spirit all meet, I felt loved. I felt loved by my dad. I felt loved by life. 27. What made the writer feel happier in Paragraph 3 A. His mom and grandma stopped talking. B. His dad moved out of his house. C. His dad moved into a nearby house. D. His dad could look after his grandma. 28. Put the following events in the order in which they happened. ①The writer recalled his dad as he lay in bed. ②The mother and grandmother died. ③The father passed away a few months later. ④The father raised the children as he was raised. ⑤The writer felt like his dad was hugging him. ⑥The writer's son came to give him a hug. A.①④②③⑤⑥ B.①⑥⑤④③② C.④③②①⑥⑤ D.④②③①⑥⑤ 29. What made the writer feel better in the end A. His son's hug. B. His son's smile. C. His father's voice. D. His father's spirit. CDA 温故知新 (2021年园区一模C) Sunscreen or sunblock, SPF 15, SPF 60, --- sunscreen is covered with strange letters and numbers. Do you know how sunscreen really works First, let's explain the meaning of sunscreen. Sunscreen is different from sunblock: unlike sunblock, sunscreen allows some light to reach the skin. The ingredients(原料) in sunscreen block some light, unlike those in sunblock, which block all of it. Some sunscreen ingredients absorb light and turn it into heat. Others bounce (反射) it off your skin. Different ingredients act on different kinds of light rays. Let's move on to SPF. SPF stands for “sun protection factor”. The higher the SPF number, the more protection you get. Experts(专家) usually recommend SPF 15 or higher. You should learn to use it correctly. Experts recommend putting sunscreen on 15 - 30 minutes before you go out into the sun. Some recommend reusing sunscreen every hour or so after that. Others say you should reuse 30 minutes after going out into the sun, but then leave it alone unless you sweat or swim. An adult in a swimsuit should use about an ounce of sunscreen for his or her whole body. About one-quarter to one-third of a teaspoon is enough for the face. Using sunscreen correctly can be the difference between healthy or unhealthy skin. Think about what you want, and get the right sun protection for you. 26. What is the article mainly about A. How to use sunscreen. B. The history of sunblock. C. How to choose sunscreen. D. The important facts about sunscreen. 27. Which of the following statements is NOT true A. Less than a teaspoon of sunscreen is enough for your face. B. Ingredients in some sunscreens can absorb light and turn it into heat. C. Sunblock allows some light to reach the skin. D. A higher SPF means more sun protection. 28. What is the writer's purpose in this passage A. To tell a series of short stories. B. To describe different sun protection choices. C. To make readers interested using jokes. D. To warn of the dangers of too much sunshine. DCB (2021年姑苏区七校联考一模D) Studies show that language learning in babies is improved when parents speak more than a few simple words and use a wider vocabulary. Earlier research found that the style of speech used by parents to communicate with their baby could increase language development. One such speaking style is known as “parentese”. Research has shown that babies react better to this kind of language in the first months of life. Generally, “parentese” requires adults to speak in a higher voice and at a slower speed. The language is made easier to understand, while sentences are short and often repeated. www. Can parents be taught good ways to improve their “parentese” skills Patricia Kuhl, a professor of speech and hearing sciences, carried out a study on it. She says the purpose of the study was to find out whether a parent can be “trained” to create their own speaking style to improve language learning in children. www.
Naja Ferjan Ramirez helped lead the study. “Most parents know that the amount (数量) of language their child hears is important,” Ferjan Ramrez said. “What we shared with them through training is that how they talk to their baby may matter even more. ” www. For the study, parents were given a small recording device (设备), which they put inside a piece of their baby's clothing. All spoken communication from parents and the child was recorded. The recordings were made at three different periods of the child's life: when the child was six, ten and fourteen months old. The parents were divided into two groups: a control group and an intervention (干预) group. Those in the intervention group received training after their six and ten month recordings. www. The study found that between the ages of six and fourteen months, trained parents increased the amount of speech directed to the child and their use of “parentese” by l5 percent. Parents in the control group showed less growth in those areas, about 7 percent. 29. What can parents do to improve their baby's language learning A. Communicate with their baby with a few simple words. B. Communicate with their baby with a wider vocabulary. C. Communicate with their baby using longer sentences. D. Communicate with their baby in a gentle voice. 30. What can we learn about “parentese” from the text A. It means that adults talk with their babies in a lower voice. B. It means that the language parents use becomes more difficult. C. It means that adults talk with their babies more quickly. D. It means that the sentences parents use are short. 31. According to Ferjan Ramirez, what do the researchers want parents to know about through training w. A. The importance of the amount of language their child hears. B. The importance of the type of language their child understands. C. The importance of the way parents talk to their children. D. The importance of high and low voices when parents talk to children. 32. What can be concluded (推断) from the study mentioned above A. Trained parents are more likely to improve their children's language learning. B. Six to fourteen months is the best time to improve children's language learning. C. Parents in the control group used more “parentese” than in the intervention group. D. Trained parents needed to use “parentese” for at least fourteen months. BDCA
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13 / 13课程主题： 阅读理解
学习目标: 掌握阅读理解做题思路
教学内容
进门测试(2021年姑苏区七校联考一模C) The last football season was long over. Our team had done well but I wanted us to do even better the next year. But how Then an idea hit me. I ordered cards with simple words –– “BOONVILLE PIRATES –– 1974 STATE CHAMPIONS (州冠军)! ” When the cards were printed, we gave them out all over the town. Pretty soon those cards were everywhere. That was what we wanted. We wanted our goal (目标) to be right in front of us, and for all to see. www. Although someone doubted our words, it only served to encourage us to make our dream come true. Our school had never won a state champion in any sport –– we decided to change that history. By the time football practice started in late August, we were focused (集中精力的). With our goal in our minds, we stepped into the final. Then it started to snow. A huge storm broke and school was cancelled. But we made it to the school gym and kept practicing. www. Our coach received a call the night before the game. He told us that state officers were thinking of cancelling the game and announcing that both teams were champions because of the bad weather. We were asked if we would accept that. “No way” was our answer. The day came. We arrived at the football field and found it was covered in snow. Still, we began our warm-ups. Both teams didn't score in the first half. We became worried because time was running out our team. During the break, Coach Reagan reminded us of what we had been through to get to this moment. Then he pulled out the card, saying, “Do you want this ” Playing conditions were still difficult, but our determination (决心) didn't disappear. We unbelievably scored 34 points in the second half. Our year-long dream came true –– 1974 STATE CHAMPIONS. 26. Why did the members give out the cards all over the town A. To make their dream about a state champion known. B. To call on people to join their team. C. To tell their success in the last football season. D. To invite people to watch the game. www. 27. What did the Coach Reagan do during the team's break time A. He taught them to stay calm. B. He gave them some valuable advice. C. He comforted them for a scoreless first half. D. He reminded them of their dream. www. 28. What can be the best title for the passage A. No pain, no gain B. Work towards your dream C. Find what you love D. Face difficulties with courage 多元导学 互动精讲 细节理解题 1.题型特点 这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提问,即针对(w)h-问题,如用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。 2.细节理解题主要的设问方式 ①Which of the following is true/not true ②Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage ③Which is the correct time order of the events ④Which of the following best describes... ⑤Which of the following shows/gives the right relationship /position of... ⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How... 3.细节理解题的解题技巧 题干/选项中找关键词：名词，动词，形容词，副词，大写的单词，数字 带着关键词去原文定位答案句：含有越多的关键词正确率越高 对比选项，同义句就是正确答案 【例题精讲1】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模A） The two mascots (吉祥物) for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games – Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuev Rhon Rhon have gained worldwide popularity for their outlook and special meanings. One mascot for Beijing 2022 is a giant panda with a suit of ice, a love of winter sports, and a heart of gold! It is designed in 3D and looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell (冰壳) and looks fat. "Bing" means ice in Chinese, representing purity and strength, while "Dwen Dwen" means health and vitality (活力), and symbolizes the strong body. The design for Bing Dwen Dwen was chosen from over 5, 800 submissions (提交) from China and 35 countries around the world as part of a global competition arranged by the Beijing 2022 Organising Committee. Another mascot "Shuey Rhon Rhon" is a Chinese lantern child. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. "Shuey Rhon Rhon "can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games. 21. Bing Dwen Dwen has special meanings except _________ . A. energy B. purity C. health D. strength 22. Why do people make or buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year comes A. Because it is easy to make red lanterns. B. Because "Shuey Rhou Rhon" is a mascot. C. Because people think red lanterns are very lovely. D. Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck. 【例题精讲2】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模B） My husband and I both grew up playing sports. So our little daughter, Kennedi showed early athletic promise. She could easily outrun other kids, while playing with them on the playground. By the time Kennedi started primary school, we signed her up for track (径赛) training. Slowly but surely, track training took over our lives. We gave up taking vacations so our girl wouldn't miss any practices. I even stopped Kennedi from swimming with her friends, for I thought she would waste the energy needed for competition. We didn't ask Kennedi if that was what she wanted. Of course she did! she kept winning, and every kid liked to win. When Kennedi was 13 years old, at a national sports event, she suddenly fell down and ended up lying on the track, crying in pain. A doctor said, "She worked out too hard that her knee was hurt. She might not run as fast as before. "The doctor kept talking, but I had a hard time following the words. My feelings were mixed. Was I too strict with my daughter Was I party to blame (责备) for her injury (受伤) Then I realized that my kid needed a mom more than a coach. To our relief (安慰), after a year-long's strict medical examination, Kennedi almost recovered. She even joined the volleyball team at her high school. And we were gradually back to a busy family schedule. But not everything is the same. We seldom miss vacations any more, even if that means missing practice. And I’m learning to believe that if my daughter decides not to run track in college, that only means life has something even more wonderful in store. 24. What do we know about Kennedi in primary school A. Kennedi studied very hard. B. Kennedi was asked to train by a coach. C. Kennedi spent most of her free time in training. D. Kennedi could play with her friends freely. 25. What caused Kennedi’s injury according to the doctor A. A serious fall. B. Hard exercise. C. Careless training. D. Running speed. 【巩固练习1】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模C） Andie Ang's personal interest in monkeys was awakened when she was a child. Her father saw some sailors mistreating a small young African monkey and brought it home. Just ten at the time, Ang clearly remembers her excitement on first seeing the golden-furred little monkey. She named him Ah Boy and they soon became close friends. "I would cycle through the neighborhood and Ah Boy would always follow me, "recalls Ang. "Neighbors would stop to look and cry, ‘Oh, so cute! " Ah Boy quickly developed a habit of climbing onto Ang's shoulders to pull her hair apart in search of anything that shouldn’t have been there. But as the years passed, the family became unable to care for the monkey, so Ang turned to the Internet for help. After a hard and costly searching, the day arrived for Ang and Ah Boy to say goodbye. It was a tearful parting for her. Later that day, Ang made up her mind to study monkeys. "The time we spent together made me want to know more about monkeys, the threats (威胁) to them, and how we can help," she says. After getting a Life Sciences degree (学位), Ang went on to complete a PHD in Biological Anthropology with a specialty in Raffles' banded langurs (黑脊叶猴), which hadn't been studied for 15 years. Today, she spends hours in Singapore's Central Catchment Nature Reserve, where the whole local population of Raffles' banded langurs can be found, doing field research in the forest. As a result of Ang's work and growing support among locals, the community has come to better understand the value of native wildlife. The future of this small population of Raffles' banded langurs has become a lot more certain. 27. The author writes Paragraph 2 mainly to show _________ . A. the excitement of Ang B. the connection between the neighbors C. the cleverness of Ah Boy D. the closeness between Ang and Ah Boy 28. What made Ang decide to study monkeys A. Her father's encouragement. B. Her experience of caring for Ah Boy. C. Her neighbors' love for Ah Boy. D. Her interest in getting a science degree. 【巩固练习2】（2022年无锡二模C） Bertie was sad for weeks, months after the lion died. There was nothing I could do to cheer him or even console him. He would sit for hours in his room, or go off on long walks all on his own. He seemed so shut away inside himself. Try as I did, I could not reach him. Then one day I was in the kitchen here, when I saw him hurrying down the hill, waving his stick and shouting to me. “I’ve got it,” he cried, as he came in, “I’ve got it at last.” He showed me the end of his stick. It was white. “See that, Millie ” “Chalk! It’s chalk underground, isn’t it ” “So ” I said. “You know the famous White Horse on the hillside at Uffington, the one they carved (雕刻) out of the chalk a thousand years ago That horse never died, did it It’s still alive, isn’t it Well, that’s what we’re going to do, so he will never be forgotten. We’ll carve the White Prince out on the hillside — he’ll be there forever, and he’ll be white forever too. ” “It’ll take a bit of time, won’t it ” I said. “We’ve got plenty, haven’t we ” he replied, with the same smile he had smiled at me when he was a ten-year-old boy asking me if he could come back and mend my kite for me. Every spare hour we had, we were up there scraping (刨土) away with spades (铲子), and we had buckets (桶) to carry away the earth. It was hard, back-breaking work, but it was a labour of love. We did it, Bertie and I, we did it together — paws, claws, tail, mane, until he was complete and perfect in every detail. It was just after we’d finished that the butterflies first came. We noticed that when the sun comes out after the rain in the summer, the butterflies — Adonis Blues, they are, I looked them up — come out to drink on the chalk face. Then the White Prince becomes a butterfly lion, and breathes again like a living creature. So now you know how Bertie’s white lion became the White Prince and how the White Prince became our butterfly lion. (Adapted from The Butterfly Lion) 32. The correct time order of the events about the story is _________. a. The lion died and Bertie was sad. b. Butterflies flew to the chalk face. c. Bertie decided to carve the lion on the hillside. d. Bertie and Millie spent all the spare time carving. A. a-c-d-b B. a-d-b-c C. d-a-b-c D. c-b-a-d 推理判断题 1.题型特点 推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。 2.推理判断题主要的设问方式 ①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that... ②Which of the following conclusions can be drawn according to the passage ③The writer suggests that... ④The writer uses the example of...to show that... ⑤What’s the writer’s attitude toward... ⑥What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage ⑦From the passage,we know/learn... ⑧The writer probably agrees that... 3.推理判断题的解题技巧 同细节题做题技巧 【例题精讲】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模A） 23. From the passage, we can learn _________ . A. China arranged the national competition for designing mascots B. "Bing Dwen Dwen" can skate very well C. "Shuey Rhon Rhon" likes ice sports and is good at them D. the two mascots are very popular around the world 【例题精讲2】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模B） 26. How would Kennedi's mother feel about her giving up running in the future A. Acceptable. B. Uncomfortable. C. Wonderful. D. Hopeful. 【巩固练习】（2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模C） 29. What do we know about Raffles' banded langurs A. They have been sent back to Africa. B. They are human beings' life friends. C. They are under local protection now. D. They have already had a large population. 词义猜测题 题型特点 这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。 2.词义猜测题主要的设问方式 ①What’s the meaning of the underlined word/phrase...in Chinese ②The underlined word...refers to/probably means... ③The underlined word...could be replaced by... ④What is the meaning of... ⑤Which of the following words can take the place of the word... 指代题：it, they, she.. 词义猜测题的解题技巧 重点抓三句话：上句，本句，下句。（切记一定要完整的句子） 1）构词法： 根据一部分英语单词的词根，观察词头（前缀）或词尾（后缀）来猜词义。 Prefix前缀 un-(（不、非、表示否定） dis-（不、非、表示否定） re-（又、再、重新） tele-（远） Suffix后缀 -or/-er（从事某种职业的人，名词后缀） -ful（充满，形容词后缀） -less（没有、无，形容词后缀）
2）根据上下文的意思来猜测 As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. In the text, “put an end to” means “______”. A. stop B. cut C. kill D. fly 3）通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词 看到“be considered as, refer to, and, or, also”等常连接同义词组的标志词时，可以根据这些标志词前后句的同义词关系猜测出词义。 例题：He is so homely, not as handsome as his brother.根据not...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即“不好看的、不漂亮的”意思。 4）关系词法 看到“ because，as，since，for，so，as a result, so, so … that, such … that 等表示前因后果关系的关联词时，根据因果关系判断出词义。 看到“but, however, instead of , unlike, yet, although …”表示转折关系的关联词时，根据转折关系猜出词义。 5）举例法 看到“such as, like, for example”等举例的标志词时，可以根据后面的例句猜测词义。 例题：Today people often spend lots of money on appliances, for example, washing machines （机器）and color televisions. 根据“for example”后面的句子可以判断出词义是“家用电器”。 6）定义法 看到“mean, be known as, be called”等标志词时，根据定义法猜测词义。 7）生活常识法 Many plants and animals are going extinct. Mammoths, which are related (有关联的) with Asia elephants, are now extinct. There are no mammoths in the world today. 1.A mammoth is a kind of__________. A. plant B. bird C. animal D. tree 【例题精讲1】（2022年无锡二模B） In fairy tales, it’s usually the princess that needs protecting. At Google in Silicon Valley, the princess is the one defending the castle. Parisa Tabriz is a 31-year-old with perhaps the most unique job title in engineering — “Google Security Princess”. Her job is to hack into the most popular web browser (浏览器) on the Earth, trying to find weaknesses in the system before the “black hats” do. To defeat Google’s attackers, Tabriz must first think like them. Tabriz’s role has changed a lot in the eight years since she first started working at Google. Back then, the young graduate from Illinois University was one of 50 security engineers — today there are over 500. Internet Crime has come a long way in the past decade — from the Nigerian Prince Scam to credit card theft. Tabriz’s biggest concern now is the people who find bugs in Google’s software, and sell the information to governments or criminals. To fight against this, the company has set up a “Vulnerability Rewards Programme”, paying anywhere from $100 to $ 20,000 for reported mistakes. It’s a world away from Tabriz’s computer-free childhood home in Chicago. The daughter of an Iranian-American doctor father, and Polish-American nurse mother, Tabriz had little contact with computers until she started studying engineering at college. Take a close look at a line-up of Google security staff today, and you’ll find women like Tabriz are few and far between — though in the last few years she has hired more female tech geniuses. Tabriz agrees there’s an obvious gender (性别) disequilibrium in Silicon Valley. Funnily enough, during training sessions, Tabriz first asks new colleagues to hack into not a computer, but a vending machine (自动售货机). Tabriz’s job is as much about technological know-how as understanding the psychology (心理) of attackers. 30. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “disequilibrium” in the last but one paragraph A. advantage B. imbalance C. difference D. competition 【例题精讲2】（2021年园区一模B） Ideas of beauty are like the sea: they always change, but they're always somehow the same. There are some things that have always been considered beautiful, while other fashions come and go. Some beautiful qualities are the same across cultures and centuries. One important part of beauty is symmetry. Symmetry means how alike two halves of an object are. Faces that are symmetrical are considered more beautiful than those that aren't. Signs of good health are also always called beautiful, such as shiny hair, clear skin, and strong teeth. Strong teeth don't necessarily have to be white, though. In some parts of Vietnam(越南), black teeth are considered attractive. Other parts of beauty change with time and geography. Until recently --- 40 or 50 years ago --- it was beautiful to be soft and round. Having some fat was considered beautiful throughout most of history. It meant that you were healthy and didn't have to work hard. Now we know that being fit is healthy, too. Being fit is something that takes time and effort-and probably money. Being thin now shows status(地 位) the way being fat did. Different cultures have different ideas of beauty. Some cultures in Africa and Asia value long necks. Women have their necks stretched with metal rings to achieve a beautiful look. In ancient China, bound feet(裹足) were beautiful, though they prevented women from walking comfortably. Some ideas of beauty change with our opinions of health and status, but others stay the same. There are few rules about beauty. In the end, the most beautiful person in the world is the one you look at with love. 23. What's the meaning of the underlined word “symmetry” A. energy B. feature C. habit D. balance 【例题精讲3】（2021年高新区一模B） Bees in summer are quieter than before. Other pollinators(传粉昆虫)like butterflies are also hard to survive. Loss of food sources (来源) is a key reason for the fall in their populations. But city gardens can provide important food for pollinators, according to the finding of a new study. Nicholas Tew is a scientist at the University of Bristol in England. He was curious about how much food could be provided in different types of landscapes. Tew and a team of researchers looked at the information they collected from 12 sites across the United Kingdom. The team studied three landscape types: city areas, farms and nature reserves. They recorded 536 types of flowering plants. They found cities had much more flowering plants than other areas. People often plant them for their beauty. Farm sites and nature reserves had fewer types of plants. Being rich in the types of plants is important because different pollinators prefer different types of flowers, Tew says. They may prefer yellow flowers over purple ones, for example. Or broad flowers over those that are cup - shaped. “Flowers have different shapes, sizes, colors and smells, and pollinators are different in their preferences,” Tew notes. The more types of flowering plants in one area, the more favorite food pollinators can find. The researchers looked more closely at city sites. They examined eight types of places within four cities. These included nature reserves, vegetable gardens, flower gardens and other green spaces. The team also looked at parks, sidewalks, parking lots and industrial areas. Flower gardens, the team found, provide 85 percent of food for pollinators in city areas. “This excellent study shows that small city gardens are important for pollinators,” says Xingwen Loy, who was not in the team. “We should continue to create such places to support city pollinators, ” he says. 24. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to A. Pollinators. B. Scientists. C. Citizens. D. Farmers. 【巩固练习】（2021年高新区一模D） Imagine you are walking along the beach. Suddenly you see something shiny in the sand. Your curious mind makes you move in for a closer look. It is a glass bottle, and inside is a rolled - up piece of paper. This message in a bottle may have travelled half way around the world before landing on this beach. Though it may seem strange, people really write notes, put them in bottles, and throw the bottles into the ocean. They do so for different reasons. Most often it is simply for fun. All the world's oceans are connected, and tides (潮汐) can carry the bottles in many different directions. There is no telling where a bottle may end up or how far it may drift. For example, a primary school student near Seattle, Washington, let go of a bottle that traveled more than 1,700 miles before being found in Alaska 21 years later. Similarly, a man threw a bottle into the ocean near his New Hampshire hotel. His note told the finder to return the bottle to his wife Tina for a reward. More than 50 years later, the bottle was found washed up on a Caribbean island nearly 2,000 miles away. In 2007, students at a school in Hawaii took part in a science experiment (实验) called Message in a Bottle. As part of the experiment, about 25 bottles were put into the ocean to drift. Each bottle contained (包含) a message from a student. Six months later a 13-year-old gin in Papua New Guinea found one. She and the sender became pen friends. Overtime people found other bottles of the students. From time to time someone tries to use a message in a bottle to contact a certain person. In 1914 a British man fighting in World War I wrote a letter to his wife. Eighty-five years after the man threw his bottle into the sea, a fisherman found it in his fishing net. The fisherman delivered (递送) the letter to the man's daughter, who was an adult by then. She was very excited to receive the letter and learn more about her father.
Throwing a bottle in the ocean is not a very dependable way to deliver a message. But, when a message is found, it is certainly a memorable event. 30. What does the underlined word “drift” in paragraph 2 mean A. Travel over land. B. Swim under the sea. C. Blow in the wind. D. Move in the water. 主旨大意题 1.题型特点 要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题型时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。 2.主旨大意题主要的设问方式 ①What’s the main idea of this passage ②What is the passage mainly about/ discuss ③The writer means to tell us that . ④What’s the best title for the passage 主旨大意题的解题技巧 重点抓首尾段------找主题句（主题句一般在段首/段尾） 没有主题句就要概括啦 2）将主题句与选项对比，同义句就是答案（切记以偏概全） 【例题精讲1】（2022年无锡二模D） Phil Wise’s heart raced as he opened one of the transport tubes. He and a team of scientists stepped back as a young Tasmanian devil (袋獾) named Oddity came out. Oddity took a cautious look around and then ran into the forest on Maria Island. Wise is a wildlife scientist from the Save the Tasmanian Devil Program. The scientists working with this program study Tasmanian devils, monitor their health, and track the devils found in the wild. Oddity and 14 others were raised in a reserve and then brought to Maria Island to be released (释放) into the wild. Though they are raised in zoos all over the world, devils live wild only in Tasmania. They are important to the ecosystem because they eat dead animals they find, which helps clean up the environment. Devils also eat animals such as wallabies, wombats, and possums, helping to keep those populations balanced. But a cancer called Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD) is killing devils on mainland Tasmania, endangering the species (物种). The goal of the scientists who released Oddity and the others was to create a population of disease-free Tasmanian devils on Maria Island. Oddity is a part of this “insurance population” of devils raised in zoos and wildlife reserves. This means if the facial disease causes the Tasmanian devils to die out in the wild, devils like Oddity can be sent back into disease-free areas of Tasmania, giving devils a chance to survive. The scientists chose Maria Island for the release because there is no DFTD there. It is separated from mainland Tasmania by the ocean. Devils from the rest of Tasmania can’t get there, which prevents the facial disease from spreading. Oddity started his new life on Maria Island. Life on this island off the coast of Tasmania was a big change for Oddity and the others. These devils had little experience with other kinds of animals and had to explore the land and find new bones. Wise and his fellow scientists monitored Oddity and the 14 other Tasmanian devils. The animals did so well that 13 more devils were released. The 28 original Tasmanian devils have reproduced; there are now around 80 devils. They are doing well on Maria Island, and the plan is considered a success. Wise says he is “extremely happy to know that animals are getting a chance to be free in the wild in an area that is free of DFTD. It is the ultimate aim of all who work to conserve endangered species.” 37. What does the passage mainly talk about A. A program studying Tasmanian devils. B. A disease attacking Tasmanian devils. C. A step to save Tasmanian devils. D. A perfect place for Tasmanian devils. 【例题精讲2】（2021年高新区一模D） 32. Which is the best title for the article A. Messages in Bottles B. Travels across Oceans C. Contact with Families D. Ways of Sending Messages 【巩固练习】（2022年无锡二模B） 29. Which is the best title for the passage A. Causes of Internet Crime. B. A Security Engineer’s Daily Life. C. Google’s New Job. D. Tabriz, the “Security Princess” at Google. 课堂检测 （2022年吴中、吴江、相城一模D） At 00: 23 on Oct 16, 2021, the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft rose into the sky from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu. Three Chinese astronauts- Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu - set off for the Tiangong space station. The spacecraft successfully docked (对接) with the space station core module Tianhe. The Chinese astronauts will stay in space for six months, carrying out the longest-ever space mission (使命). Shenzh ou XIII is the fourth spacecraft to visit the Tiangong station and the second manned ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting outpost (轨道位置). Before it, Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft was launched on June 17, carrying three astronauts --- Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo. They stayed in the space station for three months and returned to Earth on Sept 17. The Shenzhou XIII astronauts have a wide range of assignments, such as doing medical experiments, setting up robotic (机械的) arms and checking the devices(设备) inside the station. They have performed two space walks to work outside the station – one was on Nov 7, with Wang becoming China's first female spacewalker, while the other was on Dec. 26. The mission is a valuable opportunity because it allows the astronauts to carry out in-orbit experiments that take a lot of time and manual work. The Shenzhou XIII mission has fueled (点燃) teenagers' passion for space exploration as well. On Dec9, the astronauts gave a science lecture to millions of students on Earth. They showed the kids their space life and did some fun science experiments. For example, Wang made a water ball to show that water in space is different from that on Earth. It will not flow downward if you try to pour it into a cup. Denis Simon, the director of the Center for Innovation Policy at Duke University in the US, told Xinhua that China's success in space continues to be impressive. "China is now well on its way to being a leader in space exploration, "he said. 30. What do we know about the mission of Shenzhou XIII A. It has the most astronauts ever sent into space. B. It is the longest-ever space mission by Chinese astronauts. C. It is the first mission to send astronauts to an orbiting outpost. D The spacecraft the first one to visit the Tiangone space station. 31. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about A. The tasks for Shenzhou XIII astronauts. B. The men who are spacewalkers. C. Devices astronauts used to finish their tasks. D. Time when the space walks were performed. 32. What does Denis Simon mean in the last paragraph A. There will be more success in space exploration around the world. B. Cooperation between China and the US is going well. C. China has done a great job in space exploration. D. China has followed the laws of space exploration. (2021年吴中、吴江、相城一模C) It was a cold November morning several years ago. My alarm clock had just gone off, but I was having trouble getting out of bed. My dad had died a few weeks before. I felt weighed down by sadness and depression. Tough(结实的)and strong, my dad had worked so hard all of his life to support us. He had a temper and would sometimes shout at my brothers and me, but I always knew that he loved me. Still, he had been raised in a traditional way and raised us that way too. I couldn't remember, for example, ever being hugged by him. But Finally my mom and grandma passed away. My dad moved into grandma's home right up the road from where I lived. I was so happy to have him close by. I would often visit him and just talk with him about life. But we still hardly touched and never hugged. Finally his own health began to rapidly fail and within a few months he left us. It was a cold morning when we had his service, but I was too cold and numb(麻木的)inside myself to feel it. I couldn't remember when we'd had our last hug. I sighed(叹气)and got out of my bed. I turned on the lights and walked into the hallway. I saw my son Jefier walking down the hall to meet me. Suddenly, he opened his arms and gave me a heart-felt hug. And just as he did, I heard my dad's voice deep inside of me say, "Joey, this hug is from me!" I cried and smiled at the same time. In that moment, in the place where heart, mind, and spirit all meet, I felt loved. I felt loved by my dad. I felt loved by life. 27. What made the writer feel happier in Paragraph 3 A. His mom and grandma stopped talking. B. His dad moved out of his house. C. His dad moved into a nearby house. D. His dad could look after his grandma. 28. Put the following events in the order in which they happened. ①The writer recalled his dad as he lay in bed. ②The mother and grandmother died. ③The father passed away a few months later. ④The father raised the children as he was raised. ⑤The writer felt like his dad was hugging him. ⑥The writer's son came to give him a hug. A.①④②③⑤⑥ B.①⑥⑤④③② C.④③②①⑥⑤ D.④②③①⑥⑤ 29. What made the writer feel better in the end A. His son's hug. B. His son's smile. C. His father's voice. D. His father's spirit. 温故知新 (2021年园区一模C) Sunscreen or sunblock, SPF 15, SPF 60, --- sunscreen is covered with strange letters and numbers. Do you know how sunscreen really works First, let's explain the meaning of sunscreen. Sunscreen is different from sunblock: unlike sunblock, sunscreen allows some light to reach the skin. The ingredients(原料) in sunscreen block some light, unlike those in sunblock, which block all of it. Some sunscreen ingredients absorb light and turn it into heat. Others bounce (反射) it off your skin. Different ingredients act on different kinds of light rays. Let's move on to SPF. SPF stands for “sun protection factor”. The higher the SPF number, the more protection you get. Experts(专家) usually recommend SPF 15 or higher. You should learn to use it correctly. Experts recommend putting sunscreen on 15 - 30 minutes before you go out into the sun. Some recommend reusing sunscreen every hour or so after that. Others say you should reuse 30 minutes after going out into the sun, but then leave it alone unless you sweat or swim. An adult in a swimsuit should use about an ounce of sunscreen for his or her whole body. About one-quarter to one-third of a teaspoon is enough for the face. Using sunscreen correctly can be the difference between healthy or unhealthy skin. Think about what you want, and get the right sun protection for you. 26. What is the article mainly about A. How to use sunscreen. B. The history of sunblock. C. How to choose sunscreen. D. The important facts about sunscreen. 27. Which of the following statements is NOT true A. Less than a teaspoon of sunscreen is enough for your face. B. Ingredients in some sunscreens can absorb light and turn it into heat. C. Sunblock allows some light to reach the skin. D. A higher SPF means more sun protection. 28. What is the writer's purpose in this passage A. To tell a series of short stories. B. To describe different sun protection choices. C. To make readers interested using jokes. D. To warn of the dangers of too much sunshine. (2021年姑苏区七校联考一模D) Studies show that language learning in babies is improved when parents speak more than a few simple words and use a wider vocabulary. Earlier research found that the style of speech used by parents to communicate with their baby could increase language development. One such speaking style is known as “parentese”. Research has shown that babies react better to this kind of language in the first months of life. Generally, “parentese” requires adults to speak in a higher voice and at a slower speed. The language is made easier to understand, while sentences are short and often repeated. www. Can parents be taught good ways to improve their “parentese” skills Patricia Kuhl, a professor of speech and hearing sciences, carried out a study on it. She says the purpose of the study was to find out whether a parent can be “trained” to create their own speaking style to improve language learning in children. www.
Naja Ferjan Ramirez helped lead the study. “Most parents know that the amount (数量) of language their child hears is important,” Ferjan Ramrez said. “What we shared with them through training is that how they talk to their baby may matter even more. ” www. For the study, parents were given a small recording device (设备), which they put inside a piece of their baby's clothing. All spoken communication from parents and the child was recorded. The recordings were made at three different periods of the child's life: when the child was six, ten and fourteen months old. The parents were divided into two groups: a control group and an intervention (干预) group. Those in the intervention group received training after their six and ten month recordings. www. The study found that between the ages of six and fourteen months, trained parents increased the amount of speech directed to the child and their use of “parentese” by l5 percent. Parents in the control group showed less growth in those areas, about 7 percent. 29. What can parents do to improve their baby's language learning A. Communicate with their baby with a few simple words. B. Communicate with their baby with a wider vocabulary. C. Communicate with their baby using longer sentences. D. Communicate with their baby in a gentle voice. 30. What can we learn about “parentese” from the text A. It means that adults talk with their babies in a lower voice. B. It means that the language parents use becomes more difficult. C. It means that adults talk with their babies more quickly. D. It means that the sentences parents use are short. 31. According to Ferjan Ramirez, what do the researchers want parents to know about through training w. A. The importance of the amount of language their child hears. B. The importance of the type of language their child understands. C. The importance of the way parents talk to their children. D. The importance of high and low voices when parents talk to children. 32. What can be concluded (推断) from the study mentioned above A. Trained parents are more likely to improve their children's language learning. B. Six to fourteen months is the best time to improve children's language learning. C. Parents in the control group used more “parentese” than in the intervention group. D. Trained parents needed to use “parentese” for at least fourteen months.
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