Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years. Section A Grammar focus(4a-4c) 导学案（含答案）

人教版英语八年级下册第10单元Section A Grammar focus (4a-4c)导学案
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Unit 10 I’ve had this book for three years Section A (4a-4c)
预习目标:
1、通过预习，熟悉本节课要复习的现在完成时知识点。
2、通过预习，巩固现在完成时的用法。
学习重难点:
重点是在不同的语境中能够正确区分各种时态并能够正确运用。
2、难点是弄清楚瞬间动词在现在完成时中与延续性动词的相互转换。
预习导学：
读句子，感受现在完成时中介词for和since的用法。
1. --How long have you had that bike over there --I’ve had it for three years.
2. --How long has his son owned the train and railway set --He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
3. —Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
关于现在完成时：表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用。
常见时间状语的表达。
for + 一段时间 , since + 过去点时间 , since+ 过去时的从句 , since + 一段时间 + ago .且 for 与 since 引导的时间状语可以互换。
例句：用for和since填空
1、My uncle has worked at this factory ______ ten years.
My uncle has worked at this factory _______ ten year ago.
2、I’ve lived here ______ 1990．
3、I haven’t seen him _______ three years.
4、She’s been at this school ______ five years ago.
5、we have learned English ____________ five years.
6. The Toms have lived here ________ 2020.
现在完成时的用法:
1.现在完成时表示过去发生或者已经完成的动作或者对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never
观察以下句子：
(1). 我买了这辆自行车5年了。 I have bought the bike for five years. 此种用法不正确，因为buy（过去式为bought是瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。）要改成：I’ve had the book for five years. buy — have
(2). 你哥哥参军多长时间了？How long has your brother joined the army 此种用法不正确，how long 询问的时间是一段时间，而join 是瞬间动词，二者不能连用。正确的表达是： How long has your brother been in the army/been a member of soldier Join — be a member of \ be in the …
2. 完成时表示过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或者状态。
注意：此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词。
常见的非延续性动词转换成延续性动词有以下这些：
borrow — keep buy — have put on — wear catch a cold — have a cold
begin / start — be on go out — be out close — be closed open — be open
get to/arrive/reach — be (in) die — be dead leave — be away finish — be over
fall sleep — be asleep join — be in/be a member of become — be
make friends — be friends
4a Rewrite the sentences using for or since.
1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
_______________________________________________
参考答案：
Jim has been in Japan for three years.
Jim has been in Japan since three years ago.
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
_________________________________________________
参考答案：
They have been hungry for ten hours \ since ten hours ago.
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
________________________________________________
参考答案：
I have had a camera since 2009.
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
______________________________________________
参考答案：
I have known Anna for three years\ since three years ago.
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
_______________________________________________
参考答案：
Linda has been ill since Monday.
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1.I _________________ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _____ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
2. They _________________ (never own) any pets, but they ___________ (always want) to have a dog.
3. We _________ (have) a piano since last November. We _________ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.
4. Cathy and Amy ______________ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _________ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
5. This museum ___________ (be) here for over 20 years. It _______ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town. 　　
参考答案：
1.have never been , go 2. have never owned , want 3. have had , bought 4.haven’t been , miss 5. has been , is
4c Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.
1.Do you have a(n) How long have you had it
2. Do you own a(n) How long have you owned it
Things How long
Tony favorite book for two years
basketball since he was ten years old
Student 1
Student 2
Report :
Hello, this is Tony. He loves reading books and this is his favorite book. He’s had it for two years. In his free time , He often plays basketball with his friends and he has owned the basketball since he was ten years old.
……
练习题：
一、用since或for填空。
1. Jim has been in Ireland ________ Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland ________ three days.
3. Two years has passed ________ he left Beijing.
4. Molly has kept the book ________ two years ago.
参考答案：
1.since 2.for 3.since 4. Since
二、句型转换
1. We began to learn English three years ago.(同义句)
We English three years
2. Mr. Smith has began to teach English in this school in 2003.(同义句)
Mr. Li English in this school since 2003.
3. The film began ten minutes ago. .(同义句)
The film for ten minutes.
4. I borrowed this book two weeks ago. .(同义句)
I this book for two weeks.
参考答案：
1.have learnt for 2.has been an English teacher 3.has been on 4. have kept
同学们，以上便是人教版英语八年级下册第十单元I’ve has this bike for three years. Section A Grammar focus (4a-4c)导学案，希望能够对你们有所帮助。英语的学习，基础固然重要，长期的坚持也非常有必要，预习、复习都是比较好的方法，希望大家竭尽全力、坚持到底，学好英语，你是可以的！
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