初中英语语法系列-构词法

课件29张PPT。1.When are you going to write about
environmental education?
2.If we don’t, the future is hopeless.
3.It’s wasteful to throw away
paper and metal.
3.Reuse means “use again”.
4.Every class collects reusable waste. 英语构词法
Words Building峡口初中General introductionClassify wordsCompounding (有两个或更多的词合成一个词)Derivation (在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词)prefixsuffixConversion (将一种词性转化成另一种词性)Classify:classroom freedom darkest place
invitation lock everyday riverside loneliest
upstairs hopeful careless clean walk
合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):
转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性): classroom everyday riverside upstairs
freedom darkest invitation loneliest
hopeful carelessplace lock clean walk
合成(Compounding)
有两个或更多的词合成一个词
名词+名词→名词
basket(篮子)+ball(球) →basketball篮球
book (书) +shop(商店) → bookshop书店
book(书) + store(商店) → bookstore书店 house(房子) +work(劳动) → housework家务
home(家庭) + work(工作) → homework家作合成词（compunding） 形容词+名词→名词
black(黑色的)+board(木板)→ blackboard黑板
English(英国的)+man(人)→ Englishman英国人
loud(大声的)+speaker(说话者) → loudspeaker扬声器合成词（compunding） 介词+名词→名词(或形容词)
after(在后)+noon(正午) →afternoon下午
under(在下面)+ground (地面) → underground地下的合成词（compunding） 名词+过去分词→形容词
man(人)+made(做) → man-made人造的合成词（compunding） 副词+名词→介词
　in(里面)+side(边) →inside在内
　down(在下)+stairs(楼梯) →downstairs在楼下合成词（compunding） 名词（形容词）+名词+ed(ing)→形容词
middle(中间的)+aged(年龄)→middle-aged
kind(善良的)+hearted(心) →kind-hearted
hard(努力的)+working（工作）→hard-working
合成词（compunding） 加前缀：
happy --- unhappy
加后缀：
enjoy --- enjoyable
既加前缀又加后缀：
health ---unhealthy派生词（derivation） 派生法（Derivation）---词缀法1. 前缀:Re-rewrite, return, reuse(重新)dis- （不）disagree , dislike , disappear
en-（使可能）enable enrichtele-(远程）television telephonesupermarket, supermansuper- （超级）in/im/il- （不）incorrect impossible irregular
un-（不）unable unhappy unpopularmis-（错误的）mistake misunderstandnon-(不，非)non-smoker
non-swimmer常见的后缀1.名词后缀 ：
-er
-or
-tion
-ment
-ness
teacher, worker
visitor, actor
education, pollution
development, movement
illness, happiness, coldness
kindness
-ity
-ist
-th
-hood
-ion
-ing名词后缀 ：
ability, possibility
pianist, artist
truth,warmth
childhood, neighbourhood
action, solution, education
building, painting, shopping常见的后缀2.形容词后缀
-ous
-ful
-able
-ive
-y
dangerous, humorous
helpful, careful
comfortable, enjoyable
expensive, active
sunny windy
-ern
-en
-(a)n
-ly
-less
-aleastern southern
golden wooden
American Australian
friendly lovely
careless homeless
natural national
educational 教育的
3. 副词性的词缀：
-ly
quickly, softly, yearly
派生方法：
由一个词根可以派生出很多名词，形容词，副词等
eg：
interest-interesting-interested-unteresting
help-
helpful-helpless-helpfully-helplessly转化法（Conversion）It has a good taste.It tastes very good.record n.记录v. 记录{He broke the record.He likes to record something while reading a book. water ，break，watch，
boat， cook , open；
clean, light; orange；
play, colourWhat are the meanings of these
Words?直击中考题型：
1、单项选择
2、单词分类
3、用词的正确形式填空
4、完形填空
5、短文填空1、单项选择（ 南宁08中考）37．We believe that we can hold the Beijing 2008
Olympic Games ________．
A．Successful B．successfully
C．success D．succeed2、单词分类（ 南宁08中考） A．calling B．often C．scientific
D．fantastic E．helping F．usually42．Thank you for ________／________ me．
43．They ________／_______ play basketball
after school．
44．The invention is very ________／________．BAEBFCD用词的正确形式填空 94．Guangxi organized some ________ teams
to leave for Wenchuan to help the people
there （medicine） （ 南宁08中考）
87．—Are you Canadian? —No．I am ________．（ Australia） （ 南宁08中考） 93．—Who lives ________ from the school．
Sam，Amy or Linda?
—Linda．（far ） （ 南宁08中考）Australianfarthestmedicial短文填空（2009山西省）Dolphins are 71.___________ (interest) animals
and researchers find them smart to watch. They
72._________ (have) no hands，but can use tools
to solve problems，just like us. There is no
evidence that dolphins have a language of their
own，but they can understand many sign
73._________(language). They can respond(反应)
quite74._________ (correct) and quickly. Dolphins
live in a very different world， but they
are good at 75._________ (do) our “intelligent
(智能的) tests”.
interestinghavelanguagescorrectlydoing构词法：合成(合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):
Compounding) 派生法（Derivation）
【前缀/后缀】转化法（Conversion）
【词性转换】{SummaryHomeworkFinish all the exercises.Thank you