人教版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction Vocabulary课件（34张）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction Vocabulary课件（34张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-06-03 17:05:27 | ||
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Book4
Unit 1 Science Fiction
vocabulary(1)
Beijing artist Yang Yang developed a love of plants and botanical gardens when she was a little girl. She once frequented botanical gardens with her father, a painter who went there to get inspiration for his art.
Yang views the two science fiction books, published by CITIC Press Group, as a way to share with younger readers her passion for plants while also evoking their interest in science.
fiction . 小说;虚构或想象出来的事
E.g.
Her cup was a fiction, but this is reality.
她的酒杯是杜撰出来的，但是这酒倒是真的。
His next two fictions will be published soon.
他的下两部小说即将出版。
read a fiction 读小说
complete fiction 彻头彻尾的虚构
detective fiction 侦探小说
legal fiction 法律上的假定
light fiction 情节轻松的小说
modern〔popular〕 fiction 现代〔通俗〕小说
realistic〔romantic〕 fiction 现实〔浪漫〕主义小说
science fiction 科学幻想小说
novel，romance，fiction，story，fable，tale
这些名词均含“小说、故事”之意。
novel指任何有情节、人物、对白的虚构长篇散文体故事。
romance系novel早期的代用词，泛指具有强烈神话和传奇色彩的故事，现指爱情故事。
fiction指部分或全部虚构的短篇、中篇、长篇小说，也指传奇故事，是小说的总称。
story指篇幅较短，常包含一系列情节或事件，口述或书写成文的故事。
fable指短小而寓有教育意义的虚构故事，故事的主人公多为拟人化的动物或非动物之类，也作传说解。
tale常可与story换用，指以事实为中心作叙述的故事，也指古代流传下来的传说故事或神话故事。
A resident takes a COVID-19 nucleic acid test at a testing point in Beijing, May 26, 2022.
test sb. on sth. 在...方面测试某人
test sth. on. sb./sth. 在...身上测验...
test sb. for sth. 为某事检查某人
take a test 参加考试 ,参加测验
try out: 试用; 测试; 试验
test out考验；充分检验；测试；试验
拓展：完成以out 结尾的动词短语。
⑴ ________ out 设计出；计算出
⑵ ________ out 拿出；取出
⑶ ________ out 穿破；耗尽；使厌烦
⑷ ________ out 出来；显露
⑸ ________ out 动身；开始
work
take
wear
come
set
test, exam, examination, quiz
这组词的共同意思是“考试”,它们也有细微差别:
examination通常指正式考试,如期终考试、入学考试等; exam是examination的缩写式,常用于学生口语中;
test指小考或考查;
quiz指课堂上进行的非正式测验。例如:
They are guessing when the exam will take place.他们在猜测什么时间考试。
John dwelt on his mistake long after the test was over.测验结束后很久,约翰还在凝思他的错误。
Mr. Smith gave us a five-minute quiz.史密斯先生对我们进行了五分钟的测验。
运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
⑴ 昨晚我叫他过来测试我的新电脑。
I asked him to_____________________________________________.
test out my new computer last night
⑵ 科学家靠实验检验理论。
Scientists ______________ by experiment.
test out theories
他考验她的勇气。
误 He put her courage to test.
正 He put her courage to the test.
析 表示“使…经受考验”可以用put sb/sth to the test, test前不可省略定冠词the。
他们的友谊经历了时间的考验。
误 Their friendship has passed the test of time.
正 Their friendship has stood〔withstood〕 the test of time.
析 表示“经过时间的考验”可以用 stand〔withstand〕 the test of time,注意 stand 不可换成 pass。
bonus
year-end bonus
e.g.
He received a box of cookies as a bonus when he bought coffee at the shop.
他在商店买咖啡时,意外地得到了一盒免费赠送的饼干。
The warm weather in such a freezing winter has been a real bonus.
这么寒冷的冬天有这样暖和的天气真是令人喜出望外。
bonus n. 意外收获; 奖金; 红利
pl. bonuses
reward n. 奖励; 报酬; 悬赏金
award n.奖; 奖品; 奖金; 奖状
allowance n. 津贴; 补助 currency n. 货币
cash n.现金
employee bonus 员工奖金...
bonus dividend 赢利股
bonus stock 红利股
bonus wage 奖励工资
bonus share 分红股
bonus system 奖金制度,分红制...
cash bonus 现金分红
attendance bonus 加班奖金
David Sanchez from Spain regards Fuzhou, Fujian province, as his second hometown.
"My wife and I are quite adapted to life in Fuzhou. In our leisure time, we like going hiking or to the parks. We feel the place is more like our home ," he said in Chinese.
more like
更像是； 说 ... 还差不多
I even more like to take the plane.
我更愿意乘飞机去。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样(待我), 而不像是我的母亲。
He seems more like a military officer than a business executive.
他似乎比较像一个军官，而不像一个商业行政主管。
That's more like it.
那样才像话。
Tsai Ing-wen's empathy for Ukraine ridiculous: China Daily editorial
ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的
It's the most ridiculous thing I've ever heard in my life.
这是我有生以来听到的最为荒唐可笑的事。
You look ridiculous in such a dress.
你穿这样的衣服看上去很可笑。
It is simply ridiculous to attempt such a thing.
想这种事,简直可笑。
It's ridiculous that we should have to queue, when we have already got our tickets.
我们已经拿到了票,居然还要排队,未免可笑。
He made himself ridiculous by overestimating his ability.
他把自己的能力估计得过高,弄得很可笑。
ridiculous, absurd, foolish, silly, stupid
这组词都有“愚蠢,荒唐,可笑”的意思。其区别是：
absurd指因为不符合常理或人情而令人觉得荒唐可笑;
ridiculous指因为不符合常理或人情而引起别人的讥笑或鄙视;
foolish侧重“愚蠢”,多用来指人,也可以指行为,多指因为缺乏智慧或判断力而造成;
silly多用于口语,比foolish语气重,指极端的和明显的“愚蠢”,有令人觉得“糊涂”的含意,有时也可以指“傻气; 憨; 不懂事”,指行为、言语等时有“无聊的; 无意义的”含意;
stupid强调“愚笨”,常指由于智力低下或其他原因而引起,往往含有“呆滞麻木”的含意,具有较强的贬义,有时也可指事物的“无聊; 乏味”;
1. It is ridiculous to do ...
做什么是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
2. It is ridiculous that ...
...是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
ridiculously adv. 荒唐地;荒谬地;
It is absurd to do ... 做什么是荒谬的/荒唐的
It is absurd that ... ... 是荒谬的/荒唐的
absurdity n. 荒谬; 不合理; 荒谬的言语或行为absurdly adv. 荒谬地
That's an absurd idea!
这主意太荒谬了。
Don't be absurd—you're just worrying about nothing.
别犯傻了,你不过是在瞎操心。
It is absurd to try to persuade them.
试图说服他们是愚蠢的。
It is absurd and ridiculous that he should behave so.
他竟然做了那种举动,真是荒唐可笑。
Don't you think it absurd
你不认为那荒唐可笑吗
He has a good sense of the absurd.
他对荒诞事物有较强的识别能力。
The 40th anniversary of the China Soong Ching Ling Foundation is held in Beijing on May 31, 2022. It should boost its consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core.
integrity
n.正直；诚实;完整；完全；统一;完好；完善；健全;
We must respect each other's territorial integrity.
我们应当尊重彼此的领土完整。
We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.
维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。
One of the most important features of the steel cables is their structural integrity.
钢索最重要的特点之一，是结构的完善性。
My husband is a man of the highest integrity.
我丈夫是个非常正直的人。
The kid was raised to become a man of integrity.
这孩子被培养成了一个诚实的人。
integrity, perfection
这两个词都可作“完善”解。integrity较通俗,多用于口语; perfection则较正式,多用于书面语中。
integrity，honesty，justice
这些名词均有“诚实、正直”之意。
integrity指品格纯正，有高度是非感，正直诚实，受人敬佩。honesty普通用词，侧重为人忠厚，老实，正直，不欺骗，不说谎。justice侧重办事或处事公正，公道不偏心。
Soldiers of the "Hard-boned Sixth Company" of the 74th Army Group of the People's Liberation Army take part in a battle drill in a coastal area of Guangdong province on June 1, 2020.
The main objectives are to raise the capability of better providing assistance, working opportunities, pensions and preferential treatment for veterans, while better protecting their rights, interests and dignity, said the plan jointly issued by the general offices of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission.
dignity [ d ɡn ti]: n. 庄重; 庄严; 尊严
He would do nothing beneath his dignity.
他决不愿意干任何有损自身尊严的事。
The real dignity of a man lies in what he is, not in what he has.
一个人的真正尊严在于他的品格，而非他的财富。
He's afraid of losing dignity and won't speak a foreign language.
他怕失去尊严,因此不愿说外国话。
She bears herself with dignity.
她举止庄重大方。
beneath one's dignity有失身份
with dignity: 有尊严地
maintain dignity不失尊严
dignify
vt. 使高贵；使增辉；抬高…的身价；将…美其名为
常用短语：dignify sb/sth with sth；
dignify sb/sth by doing sth
Dignified in conduct or appearance.
高贵的行为、相貌显得高贵的
The broad steps in front of the mansion made it look very dignified.
宽阔的台阶使大厦的正面显得很气派。
Zhang Jun runs with his students during a PE class at the Minning Central Primary School in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region.
In 2010, he graduated from the School of Physical Education at Ningxia University and took a job with a construction company in Yinchuan city, attracted by the relatively high salary. He didn't stay long.
salary
n. 薪水
v. 给 ... 薪水
用作名词 (n.)
His money comes mainly from salary.
他的钱主要来自工资。
I want to speak to her in the matter of my salary.
我想跟她谈谈我的薪水问题。
用作动词 (v.)
Don't worry about him, he will be salaried by a big company.
别为他担心,一家大公司会给他发薪水。
Like those who work for government or nonprofit organizations, they are salaried rather than paid a fee.
同在政府或非盈利性组织工作的会计师一样，他们是挣工薪而不是按每笔业务收费。
salary, pay, wages
这组词都有“薪水”“工资”的意思。其区别在于：
1.pay是普通用词,不可数,意思是“工资,薪水”,指工作所得到的酬金,也可特指发给军人的薪饷,强调付了钱,不如salary和wages正式。
2.salary一般指脑力劳动者的月薪或年俸。例如:
He lived on his salary.他靠薪水生活。
The company pays good salary.这个公司的薪金高。
His regular salary doesn't come to much, but he gets bonuses too.他的固定薪水并不高,但他还有奖金。
3.wages多指体力劳动者按天或按周领取的工钱。例如:
Her wages are one hundred dollars a week.她的工资为每周100美元。He takes his wages home to his wife every Friday.
他每星期五把工资带回家交给妻子。
A couple shows their marriage certificates at the marriage registration office of Congtai district in Handan, Hebei province, May 20, 2022. Couples may make an appointment for registration online, and those coming to the center should have their temperature scanned and show negative nucleic acid test results.
appointment n.约会;任命
make/have an appointment with sb.与某人约会
keep an appointment 守约
我跟她约好星期天见面。
I made an appointment with him to meet on Sunday.
当你与朋友约会时，别迟到！
Don’t be late when you have an appointment with your friend！
知识拓展：
appoint vt.任命，委派
appoint sb. as... 任命某人为…
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人去做某事
appointed adj. 约定的
老师任命李明为你们的班长。
Our teacher appointed Li Ming as your monitor.
经理委派林先生去完成这个项目。
The manager appointed Mr. Lin to finish the project
=Mr. Lin was appointed to finish the project.
Exercises
1.Kate________________as secretary last month. Now she is making an______________with the marketing manager.(appoint)
2. If you are invited to dinner,you are supposed to arrive no later than the ___________(appoint) time.
3.A new engineer was appointed_________(deal) with the products returned by customers.
was appointed
appointment
appointed
to deal
Thank you
Book4
Unit 1 Science Fiction
vocabulary(1)
Beijing artist Yang Yang developed a love of plants and botanical gardens when she was a little girl. She once frequented botanical gardens with her father, a painter who went there to get inspiration for his art.
Yang views the two science fiction books, published by CITIC Press Group, as a way to share with younger readers her passion for plants while also evoking their interest in science.
fiction . 小说;虚构或想象出来的事
E.g.
Her cup was a fiction, but this is reality.
她的酒杯是杜撰出来的，但是这酒倒是真的。
His next two fictions will be published soon.
他的下两部小说即将出版。
read a fiction 读小说
complete fiction 彻头彻尾的虚构
detective fiction 侦探小说
legal fiction 法律上的假定
light fiction 情节轻松的小说
modern〔popular〕 fiction 现代〔通俗〕小说
realistic〔romantic〕 fiction 现实〔浪漫〕主义小说
science fiction 科学幻想小说
novel，romance，fiction，story，fable，tale
这些名词均含“小说、故事”之意。
novel指任何有情节、人物、对白的虚构长篇散文体故事。
romance系novel早期的代用词，泛指具有强烈神话和传奇色彩的故事，现指爱情故事。
fiction指部分或全部虚构的短篇、中篇、长篇小说，也指传奇故事，是小说的总称。
story指篇幅较短，常包含一系列情节或事件，口述或书写成文的故事。
fable指短小而寓有教育意义的虚构故事，故事的主人公多为拟人化的动物或非动物之类，也作传说解。
tale常可与story换用，指以事实为中心作叙述的故事，也指古代流传下来的传说故事或神话故事。
A resident takes a COVID-19 nucleic acid test at a testing point in Beijing, May 26, 2022.
test sb. on sth. 在...方面测试某人
test sth. on. sb./sth. 在...身上测验...
test sb. for sth. 为某事检查某人
take a test 参加考试 ,参加测验
try out: 试用; 测试; 试验
test out考验；充分检验；测试；试验
拓展：完成以out 结尾的动词短语。
⑴ ________ out 设计出；计算出
⑵ ________ out 拿出；取出
⑶ ________ out 穿破；耗尽；使厌烦
⑷ ________ out 出来；显露
⑸ ________ out 动身；开始
work
take
wear
come
set
test, exam, examination, quiz
这组词的共同意思是“考试”,它们也有细微差别:
examination通常指正式考试,如期终考试、入学考试等; exam是examination的缩写式,常用于学生口语中;
test指小考或考查;
quiz指课堂上进行的非正式测验。例如:
They are guessing when the exam will take place.他们在猜测什么时间考试。
John dwelt on his mistake long after the test was over.测验结束后很久,约翰还在凝思他的错误。
Mr. Smith gave us a five-minute quiz.史密斯先生对我们进行了五分钟的测验。
运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
⑴ 昨晚我叫他过来测试我的新电脑。
I asked him to_____________________________________________.
test out my new computer last night
⑵ 科学家靠实验检验理论。
Scientists ______________ by experiment.
test out theories
他考验她的勇气。
误 He put her courage to test.
正 He put her courage to the test.
析 表示“使…经受考验”可以用put sb/sth to the test, test前不可省略定冠词the。
他们的友谊经历了时间的考验。
误 Their friendship has passed the test of time.
正 Their friendship has stood〔withstood〕 the test of time.
析 表示“经过时间的考验”可以用 stand〔withstand〕 the test of time,注意 stand 不可换成 pass。
bonus
year-end bonus
e.g.
He received a box of cookies as a bonus when he bought coffee at the shop.
他在商店买咖啡时,意外地得到了一盒免费赠送的饼干。
The warm weather in such a freezing winter has been a real bonus.
这么寒冷的冬天有这样暖和的天气真是令人喜出望外。
bonus n. 意外收获; 奖金; 红利
pl. bonuses
reward n. 奖励; 报酬; 悬赏金
award n.奖; 奖品; 奖金; 奖状
allowance n. 津贴; 补助 currency n. 货币
cash n.现金
employee bonus 员工奖金...
bonus dividend 赢利股
bonus stock 红利股
bonus wage 奖励工资
bonus share 分红股
bonus system 奖金制度,分红制...
cash bonus 现金分红
attendance bonus 加班奖金
David Sanchez from Spain regards Fuzhou, Fujian province, as his second hometown.
"My wife and I are quite adapted to life in Fuzhou. In our leisure time, we like going hiking or to the parks. We feel the place is more like our home ," he said in Chinese.
more like
更像是； 说 ... 还差不多
I even more like to take the plane.
我更愿意乘飞机去。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样(待我), 而不像是我的母亲。
He seems more like a military officer than a business executive.
他似乎比较像一个军官，而不像一个商业行政主管。
That's more like it.
那样才像话。
Tsai Ing-wen's empathy for Ukraine ridiculous: China Daily editorial
ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的
It's the most ridiculous thing I've ever heard in my life.
这是我有生以来听到的最为荒唐可笑的事。
You look ridiculous in such a dress.
你穿这样的衣服看上去很可笑。
It is simply ridiculous to attempt such a thing.
想这种事,简直可笑。
It's ridiculous that we should have to queue, when we have already got our tickets.
我们已经拿到了票,居然还要排队,未免可笑。
He made himself ridiculous by overestimating his ability.
他把自己的能力估计得过高,弄得很可笑。
ridiculous, absurd, foolish, silly, stupid
这组词都有“愚蠢,荒唐,可笑”的意思。其区别是：
absurd指因为不符合常理或人情而令人觉得荒唐可笑;
ridiculous指因为不符合常理或人情而引起别人的讥笑或鄙视;
foolish侧重“愚蠢”,多用来指人,也可以指行为,多指因为缺乏智慧或判断力而造成;
silly多用于口语,比foolish语气重,指极端的和明显的“愚蠢”,有令人觉得“糊涂”的含意,有时也可以指“傻气; 憨; 不懂事”,指行为、言语等时有“无聊的; 无意义的”含意;
stupid强调“愚笨”,常指由于智力低下或其他原因而引起,往往含有“呆滞麻木”的含意,具有较强的贬义,有时也可指事物的“无聊; 乏味”;
1. It is ridiculous to do ...
做什么是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
2. It is ridiculous that ...
...是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
ridiculously adv. 荒唐地;荒谬地;
It is absurd to do ... 做什么是荒谬的/荒唐的
It is absurd that ... ... 是荒谬的/荒唐的
absurdity n. 荒谬; 不合理; 荒谬的言语或行为absurdly adv. 荒谬地
That's an absurd idea!
这主意太荒谬了。
Don't be absurd—you're just worrying about nothing.
别犯傻了,你不过是在瞎操心。
It is absurd to try to persuade them.
试图说服他们是愚蠢的。
It is absurd and ridiculous that he should behave so.
他竟然做了那种举动,真是荒唐可笑。
Don't you think it absurd
你不认为那荒唐可笑吗
He has a good sense of the absurd.
他对荒诞事物有较强的识别能力。
The 40th anniversary of the China Soong Ching Ling Foundation is held in Beijing on May 31, 2022. It should boost its consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core.
integrity
n.正直；诚实;完整；完全；统一;完好；完善；健全;
We must respect each other's territorial integrity.
我们应当尊重彼此的领土完整。
We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.
维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。
One of the most important features of the steel cables is their structural integrity.
钢索最重要的特点之一，是结构的完善性。
My husband is a man of the highest integrity.
我丈夫是个非常正直的人。
The kid was raised to become a man of integrity.
这孩子被培养成了一个诚实的人。
integrity, perfection
这两个词都可作“完善”解。integrity较通俗,多用于口语; perfection则较正式,多用于书面语中。
integrity，honesty，justice
这些名词均有“诚实、正直”之意。
integrity指品格纯正，有高度是非感，正直诚实，受人敬佩。honesty普通用词，侧重为人忠厚，老实，正直，不欺骗，不说谎。justice侧重办事或处事公正，公道不偏心。
Soldiers of the "Hard-boned Sixth Company" of the 74th Army Group of the People's Liberation Army take part in a battle drill in a coastal area of Guangdong province on June 1, 2020.
The main objectives are to raise the capability of better providing assistance, working opportunities, pensions and preferential treatment for veterans, while better protecting their rights, interests and dignity, said the plan jointly issued by the general offices of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission.
dignity [ d ɡn ti]: n. 庄重; 庄严; 尊严
He would do nothing beneath his dignity.
他决不愿意干任何有损自身尊严的事。
The real dignity of a man lies in what he is, not in what he has.
一个人的真正尊严在于他的品格，而非他的财富。
He's afraid of losing dignity and won't speak a foreign language.
他怕失去尊严,因此不愿说外国话。
She bears herself with dignity.
她举止庄重大方。
beneath one's dignity有失身份
with dignity: 有尊严地
maintain dignity不失尊严
dignify
vt. 使高贵；使增辉；抬高…的身价；将…美其名为
常用短语：dignify sb/sth with sth；
dignify sb/sth by doing sth
Dignified in conduct or appearance.
高贵的行为、相貌显得高贵的
The broad steps in front of the mansion made it look very dignified.
宽阔的台阶使大厦的正面显得很气派。
Zhang Jun runs with his students during a PE class at the Minning Central Primary School in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region.
In 2010, he graduated from the School of Physical Education at Ningxia University and took a job with a construction company in Yinchuan city, attracted by the relatively high salary. He didn't stay long.
salary
n. 薪水
v. 给 ... 薪水
用作名词 (n.)
His money comes mainly from salary.
他的钱主要来自工资。
I want to speak to her in the matter of my salary.
我想跟她谈谈我的薪水问题。
用作动词 (v.)
Don't worry about him, he will be salaried by a big company.
别为他担心,一家大公司会给他发薪水。
Like those who work for government or nonprofit organizations, they are salaried rather than paid a fee.
同在政府或非盈利性组织工作的会计师一样，他们是挣工薪而不是按每笔业务收费。
salary, pay, wages
这组词都有“薪水”“工资”的意思。其区别在于：
1.pay是普通用词,不可数,意思是“工资,薪水”,指工作所得到的酬金,也可特指发给军人的薪饷,强调付了钱,不如salary和wages正式。
2.salary一般指脑力劳动者的月薪或年俸。例如:
He lived on his salary.他靠薪水生活。
The company pays good salary.这个公司的薪金高。
His regular salary doesn't come to much, but he gets bonuses too.他的固定薪水并不高,但他还有奖金。
3.wages多指体力劳动者按天或按周领取的工钱。例如:
Her wages are one hundred dollars a week.她的工资为每周100美元。He takes his wages home to his wife every Friday.
他每星期五把工资带回家交给妻子。
A couple shows their marriage certificates at the marriage registration office of Congtai district in Handan, Hebei province, May 20, 2022. Couples may make an appointment for registration online, and those coming to the center should have their temperature scanned and show negative nucleic acid test results.
appointment n.约会;任命
make/have an appointment with sb.与某人约会
keep an appointment 守约
我跟她约好星期天见面。
I made an appointment with him to meet on Sunday.
当你与朋友约会时，别迟到！
Don’t be late when you have an appointment with your friend！
知识拓展：
appoint vt.任命，委派
appoint sb. as... 任命某人为…
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人去做某事
appointed adj. 约定的
老师任命李明为你们的班长。
Our teacher appointed Li Ming as your monitor.
经理委派林先生去完成这个项目。
The manager appointed Mr. Lin to finish the project
=Mr. Lin was appointed to finish the project.
Exercises
1.Kate________________as secretary last month. Now she is making an______________with the marketing manager.(appoint)
2. If you are invited to dinner,you are supposed to arrive no later than the ___________(appoint) time.
3.A new engineer was appointed_________(deal) with the products returned by customers.
was appointed
appointment
appointed
to deal
Thank you