2022年中考英语语法复习课件之倒装句 (共29张PPT)

(共29张PPT)
陈昱萌
倒 装 句
语法讲解
语序
1.句子的主语在前，谓语在后，称为自然语序。(Natural Order)
e.g.
We must prevent this from happening.
The task seems impossible.
What caused his illness
You work here
How beautiful the dress is!
2.谓语提到主语前面的句子，称为倒装语序。(Inverted Order)
Exercise:
判断下列句子的语序：
(1) Down fell a dozen apples.
(2) Could you swim when you were little
(3) How many students will leave school this year
(4) You don′t smoke, do you
倒装语序
自然语序
倒装语序
倒装语序
3. 倒装语序分两种：
(1)全部倒装：整个谓语提前的倒装。(full inversion)
e.g.
Down fell a dozen apples.
谓语
主语
Here comes the bus!
谓语
主语
(2)部分倒装：只有部分谓语提前的倒装。(partial inversion)
e.g.
Could you swim when you were little
谓语
主语
谓语
(助动词)
(实意动词)
How are you doing
谓语
主语
谓语
(助动词)
(实意动词)
常见倒装句型
NAOSHI
N
代表否定。当否定词置于句子开头时，句子要用部分倒装。这些否定词有no, little, seldom, never, not until, hardly ,no sooner等词。
e.g.
He knows little about it.
Little does he know about it.
部分倒装
I have never done such thing.
Never have I done such a thing.
补充：
某些其他副词放在句首时句子边用倒装语序，用法与否定词提前类似。
e.g.
She would often weep（哭泣） when alone.
Often would she weep when alone.
I remember my old days well.
Well do I remember my old days.
注：书面用语，口语中较少使用。
补充
No sooner…than…和hardly…when…两个结构，都表示“还没…就…”（注意时态）
当no sooner 或hardly 放在句首时，要引导倒装结构。
e.g.
I had no sooner got off the ship than I was followed by a man.
No sooner had I got off the ship than I was followed by a man.
部分倒装
He had hardly said the the word “no” when he was driven out.
Hardly had he said the word ‘no’ when he was driven out.
补充
Neither…nor…和Not only…but also…两个结构中，Neither或not only分别提到句首时，要引起倒装结构。
注：neither…nor…结构中，前后两个句子均要倒装；而Not only…but also…只有前半句倒装。
e.g.
Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so.
Not only shall we learn from books, but also we should
learn from practice.
部分倒装
部分倒装
A
代表as/though。As/though(尽管)引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒装语序。可以提前的内容：作表语的形容词、名词和某些动词。
e.g.
Although he failed, he didn’t lose heart.
Fail as he did, he didn't lose heart.
部分倒装
Although my younger brother is young/a child, he knows a lot.
Child/Young as my younger brother is, he knows a lot.
O
代表only。only 修饰状语于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
e.g.
He only realized how good his home is in a strange place.
Only in a strange place did he realize how good his home is.
部分倒装
You’ll only understand me when you grow up.
Only when you grow up will you understand me.
S
代表so和such。当“so...that...”和“such...that...”结构中的so和such位于句首或so表示“也”的时候，句子用倒装语序。
e.g.
He is so clever a boy that he can work out such a problem in a short time.
So clever a boy is he that he can work out such a problem in a short time.
部分倒装
It is such a lovely day that we want to go out for a picnic.
Such a lovely day is it that we want to go out for a picnic.
补充：
由so, neither（nor）引导的句子（尤其是作简略回答的句子）用倒装，结构为“So Neither/Nor+助动词+主语”
e.g.
He’s a teacher and so is his wife.
I haven’t seen the film.
Neither have I.
Exercise:用这类句子填空
(1)I don’t eat meat and __________ Tom.
(2)He fell ill and __________ she.
H
代表here/there。当here/there置于句子开头时，句子要用全部倒装。
e.g.
The bus is coming here.
Here comes the bus.
全部倒装
The teacher is there.
There’s the teacher.
注意：
此用法不用进行时！
补充：
由now, then等副词引导的句子，有时也可倒装。用法与here ,there 表地点时引导的倒装相似。
e.g.
Your turn is coming now.
Now comes your turn（与上页类似，不用进行时态）
An epoch（时代）of social revolution began then.
Then began an epoch of social revolution.
I
代表if。if引导虚拟条件句，且句中有had/were/should时，如把if省略，要用部分倒装。
e.g.
If were you, I would go there with him.
Were I you, I would go there with him.
部分倒装
If you should be in trouble .we would help you.
Should you be in trouble, we would help you.
此外，一些副词短语（尤其是表时间和地点的）放在句首，也可引导倒装语序。
e.g.
Two glasses stood on the table.
On the table stood too glasses.
全部倒装
Some lakes are around the farm.
Around the farm are some lakes.
Purple mountains could be seen in the distance.
In the distance could be seen the purple mountains.
Exercise:
(1)Miles of undulating（高低起伏的）moorland（荒原）lay before him.
____________ miles of undulating moorland.
(2)Fields of luxuriant（葱茏的）wheat stretched on every side.
____________ fields of luxuriant wheat.
(3)The following names may be added to the list.
________________the following names.
注意区分：
一些介词短语放在句首，也可引导倒装语序。
e.g.
He tried to open the locked door in vain.
In vain did he try to open the locked door.
部分倒装
We must relax our vigilance （警惕）under no circumstances（情况）.
Under no circumstances must we relax our vigilance.
补充：
有时，为了使描绘更生动，有些与介词同形的副词可以移到句首，构成倒装：
e.g.
The arrow went up into the air.
Up went the arrow into the air.
全倒装
A girl came in.
In came a girl.
注：若主语为人称代词，则不倒。
e.g.
In came a girl.
In she came.
提前的内容 使用倒装
介词（短语） 部分倒装
副词 地点/时间状语等 全部倒装
与介词同形的副词
为了解决这几板大家的困扰，列表供大家参考
补充：
在直接引语全部或部分位于句首时，引用动词和主语往往要倒装。
e.g.
“I do hope”, said Nancy, “that they…”
全部倒装
“You're late”, whispered Jack.
补充：
有一些表祝愿的句子，尤其是使用may开头的，可以使用倒装。
e.g.
Long live world peace！
May you have a long and happy life.
部分倒装
May your lives always live up to your Instagram posts!
补充：
谓语是be，表语提前时，句子用倒装语序。
e.g.
He who devoted himself to the cause of communism（共产主义）is happy.
Happy is he who devoted himself to…
全部倒装
Albert Einstein, a single man of great achievements, was such.
Such was Albert Einstein, a single man of great achievements.
最后，我们按语序做一个总结
A.全部倒装
1.There be句型
2.H Here, There, Now, Then等副词引导的句子
3.地点/时间状语提前的句子
4.与介词同形的一些副词引导的句子
5.在直接引语全部或部分位于句首时，引用动词和主语往往要倒装
6.谓语是be，表语提前的句子
B. 部分倒装
1.在so, neither, nor开头的句子中。
2.在不对主语或其修饰提问的句子中。
3.I在不使用if，讲had, were, should提前的虚拟条件句中。
4.N在否定词放句首的句中（包括几个结构）
5.S在so…that或such…that位于句首的句子中
6.O在only位于句首修饰状语的句子中
谢谢大家