2022届高考英语二轮复习：倒装句考点课件（25张）

(共25张PPT)
倒装句考点突破
Inversion
考情速递
倒装句属于典型的特殊句式，其主谓位置颠倒。根据其倒装形式又可分为部分倒装和全部倒装两种形式，该句式打破了考生对于句式的惯性思维。
考点主要集中在：1）全部倒装与部分倒装区别；2）状语从句中的倒装；3）only和否定副词或介词短语置于句首的倒装；4）虚拟语气中的部分倒装。
本系列微课根据历年高考对倒装结构的考查整理出十一个考点
一、完全倒装三大考点
考点透视
完全倒装一般具有以下两个条件：①谓语动词是单个(即不带情态动词、助动词或be)的不及物动词，且只限于一般现在时或一般过去时; ②主语只能是名词。分以下三种情况：
考点一、时间、地点等副词开头引起的全部倒装
以地点副词here, there，时间副词now, then，以及thus开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, live, remain, seem, stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。如：
There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 铃响了!
Then came the hour (that/which)we had been looking forward to.
我们期盼的时候到了。
Thus comes the modern civilization of industry, agriculture and science.
现代工业文明、农业和科学就是因此发展的。
Once upon a time, there lived an old man who had two beautiful daughters.
从前，有一个老人，他有两个美丽的女儿。
【典题】没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。（than）（翻译.3）
Key：There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme.
解析：据句意看出属于there be句型，是倒装句，主语是nothing，由than提示看出用more…than…结构的比较级。
aircraft
表示运动方向的down, up, in, out, away 等副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装。如果表示方向的词后面不是名词，如代词，则不倒装。 如：
Around the corner walks a young policeman.
拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走。
考点二、表示趋向的副词或地点状语置于句首引起的全部倒装
Down jumped the thief from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouting at him.
当听到有人喊叫，窃贼一下子从十楼跳了下来。
【解析】is。句中的the lack of natural resources是主语，be动词用单数，再根据前面face看出是一般现在时，所以用is。
【考例】Among the crises that face humans _________ (be) the lack of natural resources.
有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成全部倒装，即：(表语)adj. / v-ing / v-ed +(地点状语)+ be(或其他动词形式) +主语……的结构。如：
【典题1】_________(presence) at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer.
考点三、与be动词一起的部分谓语前置引起的全部倒装
解析：表语用形容词，句意是：出席会议的有经理，设计师和作家。
To be carefully considered are the following questions.
下列问题要仔细考虑。
Present
【典题3】_____ (go) are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.
【典题4】____________ (type) for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.
解析：表语用形容词，句意是：农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了。
解析：表语用形容词，意思是“典型的”，句意是：相声是中国典型的喜剧，两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众。
【典题2】______ (sit) at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher.
解析：sit是不及物动词，不可能用被动语态，根据句意用进行时ing形式，
Sitting
Gone
Typical
3
否定词及含有否定意义的词组修饰状语时，若置句首，句子的主谓要部分倒装。
常用否定词有：
【考例1】Not once ________ (do) it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
【考例2】____________ no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
二、部分倒装三大考点
考点四、否定词置于句首引起部分倒装
解析：否定词置于句首，根据从句could看出是一般过去时，助动词用did。
解析：意思是“决不”。注意in no time“立刻，马上”，不倒装。
not, never, no, neither, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, nowhere, no more, still less(更不用说，更何况), no longer/at no time/on no account/ in no respect/ in no sense/by no means/ in no way/ under no circumstances(决不)等。如
did
at no time
典型例句
以only修饰状语开头的句子，句子的主谓要部分倒装。如：
解析：根据did she realize看出是部分倒装结构，并且when引导的是状语从句，可以推出是only置于句首强调状语。注意如果only置于句首强调的不是状语则不需要倒装，如:Only Tom can solve the problem.。
考点五、only引起的部分倒装
【考例】_____ when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
Only
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
比较：Only Tom can work out this problem.
典型例句
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用倒装结构，即：so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。如：
Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。
If you don't go， neither will I.你不去，我也不去。
考点六、so/neither/nor引起的部分倒装
--- Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother
--- I don t know， _____.
　A. nor don t I care B. nor do I care C. I don t care neither D. I don t care also
注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。例如：
Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。
It s raining hard. So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。
so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用倒装结构，即：so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。如：
【考例1】The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor will he even give it a thought.
考点六、so/neither/nor引起的部分倒装
【考例2】— I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.
—So _____ I. I can’t stand all this rain.
解析：根据I’m sick and…和I can’t stand all this rain知道I也是同样的感受，相当于I’m sick and tired of this weather, too. 所以用am。
am
三、状语从句的部分倒装四大考点
考点透视
as引导让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于句首。结构为：名词/形容词、副词+as (though)+主语+动词…。注意though倒装与否均可。如：
考点七、as引导的让步状语从句的倒装
Much as I hope I may gain weight, (yet) I am still as thin as before.
虽然我非常希望增加体重，但我仍然像以前一样的瘦。
1) 副词置于句首
Hard though they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。
【典题】Boy ______ he is, he can take care of himself and lives a completely independent life.
Proud as the nobles are (＝Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me．
2) 形容词或名词副词置于句首
解析：as/though。根据boy没有冠词和前后的让步关系确定用as，此处也可以用though，注意: as引导的让步状语从句如果是系表结构，表语是可数名词单数时不用冠词。
Wait as you may (＝Although you may wait), he will not see you．
3) 动词原形置于句首
as
虚拟条件句省略 if 时, 从句中were, should, had需置于句首，用部分倒装。如：
Were I a bird, I could fly free in the sky .
如果我是一只鸟，我就能在天空里自由飞翔。
【考例1】______ there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
【考例2】________ he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
考点八、虚拟条件句中的倒装
解析：根据would看出是虚拟语气，再根据there和句意看出是there be句型，省掉if用部分到装。
解析：根据would not have been看出是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时，构成过去完成时的助动词had置于句首，省掉if用部分到装。
Were
Had
【考例3】This printer is of good quality. ______ it break down within the first year,we would repair it.
解析：根据would看出是虚拟假设，相当于if it should break down，表示与将来事实相反的假设，省掉if用部分到装。
Should
该句型的so…置于句首，即So adj./adv（such+n）…that…时，此时so引导的句子用部分倒装，而that引导的句子不倒装。
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.
天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
考点九、so…that…结果状语从句的部分倒装
Such a nice man did he seem that we all believe him.
他像个很和蔼的人，所以我们都喜欢他。
To such an extent do the parents love their son that they have tried to satisfy every demand of his. 父母俩爱子爱到了如此程度， 以至于尽量满足他的任何要求。(to such放于句首， 主句呈现部分倒装的形式)
So much did they eat that they could not move for the next hour.
他们吃得太多了，一个小时都动弹不得。
【考题1】______ clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
解析：根据句子前后的因果关系和that看出属于so…that句型，再根据主句部分倒装结构和副词clearly确定用So。
［考题2］ ____ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.
　　A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little
解析: 结果状语从句中的“we had no time to take a rest”意味着休息时间很少， 应先排除选项C、 D， 又由于放于句首的表语too much不能引起倒装， 而且意思上也难以与全句融合， 所以进一步排除B。
So
hardly/scarcely….when…, no sooner…than…, not until中的否定副词置于句首时，主句部分用部分用部分倒装结构。
【考例1】No _______ had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
【考例2】Not _________ he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.
解析：根据than和no提示看出是no sooner … than…结构。
解析：根据后面的部分倒装did he realize，结合句意和Not看出是not until句型。
考点十、时间状语从句的部分倒装
sooner
until
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.
1.No sooner__________ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began B. has the game begun
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun
2. Not until I began to work ____________ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize B. did I realize
C. I didn't realize D. I realize 答案为B.
巩固练习
四、并列句的部分倒装考点
考点透视
not only…but also…用来并列两个句子时，前一个分句的谓语动词用部分倒装结构，后一分句不变。
考点十一、not only…but also…引起的部分倒装
【考例】Not _____ do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. (改编自2014全国大纲卷26)
解析：后一分句的as well意思相当于but also，再根据not和前一分句的部分倒装结构看出是not only…but also…句型。
only
1. Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.
2. Not only was everything he had taken away from him but also his German citizenship.
3. Not only did he refuse the gift,he also severely criticized the sender.
比
较
典例
1. I like not only apples but also bananas.
我不但喜欢苹果而且喜欢香蕉
2. My mother is not only a teacher but also a good cook.
我妈妈不但是个老师而且是个好厨师