人教新目标(Go for it)版Unit 10 Section A Grammar Focus-4c 1课件（41张）

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Unit 10
I’ve had this bike for three years.
人教版八年级英语下册
Section A Grammar Focus-4c
To learn the usage of for and since.
To use the Grammar Focus sentences to cre ate simple conversation.
To review the present perfect tense.
To learn new word: hometown…
Objectives
Review
Group Work
You’re having a yard sale. What would you do with the money you raise
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。
e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for
ten years.
= My uncle has worked at this factory
since ten year ago.
I’ve lived here since 1990．
自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
I haven’t seen him for three years.
我三年没有看见他了。
She’s been at this school since five
years ago.
自从五年前她就在这个学校。
含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，
一直持续到现在，
for、since 把时间带。
for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：
（1）for后须接“时间段”
e.g. He has studied English for five years.
他学英语5年了。
（2）since后须接“时间点”
e.g. He has studied English since 1999.
他从1999年开始学英语。
for 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用
（3）二者可以转换 for + 一段时间
= since + 一段时间 + ago
e.g. He has been here for five weeks.
= He has been here since five weeks ago.
他到这儿已经有五个星期了。
（4）since能引导时间状语从句（主句用现在完
成时，从句用一般过去时），而for则不能。
e.g. He has taught here since he came to China.
自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。
（5）现在完成时常用句型：
①It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句 e.g.
It is four days since last Friday.
从上周五到现在已经四天了。
It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.
吉姆来北京已经两年了。
②This is the first (second…) time that + 从句
句型中的that从句通常使用现在完成时。
e.g. This is the first time that Jenny and
Danny have been to China.
这是珍妮和丹妮第一次来中国。
This is the third time that I have seen
Karen.
这是我第三次见到凯伦。
（6）均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延
续性动词的否定式连用。e.g.
I have had this computer since four years ago.
I haven’t bought anything for two months.
I haven’t heard from him for 3 weeks.
（7）二者引出的时间状语往往用 how
long提问。
e.g.
— How long have you had this book
— For a week./Since a week ago.
— 这本书你买多久了
— 买一周了。
1.转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。
borrow — keep buy — have
put on — wear
catch a cold — have a cold
get to know — know
get to sleep — sleep
非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换
2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”
begin / start — be on
go out — be out
close — be closed
open — be open
get to/arrive/reach — be (in)
die — be dead
leave — be away
finish — be over
fall asleep — be asleep
join — be in/be a member of
become — be
make friends — be friends
come/go/ — be + 相应的介词短语
The old man died 4 years ago.
— The old man has been dead for 4 years.
It is 4 years since the old man died.
— Four years has passed since the old man died.
He joined the Party 2 years ago.
— He has been in the Party for 2 years.
I bought the book 5 days ago.
— I have had the book for 5 days.
e.g.
I.选择for或since填空。
1. I have been here ________ five months ago.
2. He has been a soldier _____ about two months.
3. Great changes have taken place ________ you left.
4. His grandpa has been dead _____ ten years.
5. I have studied English _______ I was 12 years old.
6. It is two years ________ I became a postgraduate student.
since
for
since
for
since
since
Exercises
1. She _______ this book for nearly three weeks.
A. has borrowed B. has lent
C. has bought D. has kept
2. Ten years has passed ____ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002.
A. when B. while C. before D. since
II. 单项选择。


How long have you had that bike over there I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.
Grammar Focus
Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
__________________________________
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
____________________________________
Rewrite the sentences using for or since.
Jim has been in Japan for three days.
They haven’t eaten for ten hours.
4a
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
_______________________________
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
___________________________________
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
____________________________________
I have had a camera since 2009.
I have known Anna for three years.
Linda has been ill since Monday.
1. I __________________ (never be) to the water
park before. Iwant to ____ (go) next month
before the weather gets too cold.
2. They_____________________ (never own)
any pets, but they ______________________
(always want) to have a dog.
3. We__________ (have) a piano since last
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
have never been
go
have never owned
have always wanted
have had
4b
November. We _________ (buy) it from the Li
family when they moved to the US last year.
4. Cathy and Amy _____________ (not be) back
to their hometown for two years. They ______
(miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit
the place next year.
5. This museum __________ (be) here for over 20
years. It _____ (be) one of the oldest buildings
in this small town.
bought
haven’t been
miss
has been
is
Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.
1. Do you have a (n)_________ How long have you had it
2. Do you own a (n)__________ How long have you owned it
Things How long
Tony favorite book for two years
basketball since he was 10 years old
student 1
student 2
4c
I. 单项选择。
1. Miss Liu has taught English ___ she came here.
A. since B. as C. when D. for
2. — Look at these stamps. I ___ them for five years. — Wow, they are wonderful.
A. kept B. have kept C. have bought
Exercises
3. My sister has learnt English ______.
A. for twelve years ago B. since she was four C. twelve years ago D. at the age of four 4. She _____ the book ______ two days ago. A. has borrowed; since B. has kept; since
C. kept; for
5. — Did you borrow the comic book from the library
— Yes, I ______ it for three days. I’ll return it this
afternoon.
A. borrowed B. kept
C. have borrowed D. have kept
1. We have lived here _______ 1990.
2. — How long have you studied here
— ______ 5 years.
3. The boy has had a bad cold ______ last night.
4. I have waited ______ two hours.
5. Mr. Huang has kept the book ______ last month.
6. I have taught in the school ______ I came here.
since
since
For
II. 用for和since完成句子。
for
since
since
7. We have been friends ______ a long time.
8. I have been in Nanjing ______ eight years.
9. Sally has been away from London ______ last
Saturday.
10. Our school has changed a lot ______ the new building was built.
11. Tommy has had this motorcycle ____ three years.
12. My parents have been married ____ 20 years.
since
for
for
since
for
for
III. 按要求改写句子。
1. The class was over ten minutes ago.
(同义句转化)
The class _________________ for ten minutes.
2. His grandpa died in 2004. (同义句转化)
His grandpa _________________ for 10 years.
3. The exhibition has been on for three days.
(同义句转化)
The exhibition ______________ three days ago.
has been over
has been dead
started/began
4. My parents got married 25 years ago.
(同义句转化)
My parents __________________ for 25 years.
5. I bought the MP3 last week. (同义句转化)
I __________ the MP3 for a week.
6. Kitty joined the Reading Club last year.
(同义句转化)
Kitty _________________________ the Reading
Club since last year.
have had
has been a member of
have been married
7. My uncle began to teach Chinese when he was
23. (同义句转化)
My uncle has _______ Chinese _____ he was 23.
8. We haven’t seen each other for 2 years.
(同义句转化)
It’s two years ______ we last ______.
9. The meeting has been over for an hour.
(对划线部分提问)
___________ has the meeting been over 　　 　　
taught since
since met
How long
IV. 根据汉语提示，完成下面的句子。
1. 你上个星期五就借了我的书，还没有看完吗？
You __________ my book ______ last Friday.
Haven’t you finished reading it
2. 我从七点起就开始等了。
I have waited _____________________.
3. 她已经到达公司半个小时了。
She has been in the company _______________.
have kept since
since seven o’clock
have kept since
since seven o’clock
for half an hour
4. 他离开家已经10年了。
He has been away from home ______________.
5. 足球赛已经开始15分钟了。
The football match _________________ 15
minutes.
6. 他从去年起加入了篮球俱乐部。
He has been a member of the Basketball Club
__________________.
for ten years
has been on for
since last year
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。
I have had this dictionary for three
years.
8.他离开中国三年了。
He has been away from China for
three years.
9.我认识他们已经五年了。
I have known them for five years.
10.他们已去美国五年了。
They have been in the USA for five
years.
11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。
He has been here since he moved to
Jining.
12.自从1999年以来他们就认识。
They have known each other since
1999.
（2019 ·四川眉山）
— Your new watch is so nice! When did you
buy it
— In October. I it for two months.
A. had B. bought
C. have had D. have bought
C
中考链接
【解析】
句意“你的新手表很漂亮，你什么时候买的？”,“10月份，我已经买两个月了”。A.一般过去时；B.一般过去时；C.现在完成时；D.现在完成时。根据for two months可知，用现在完成时，排除A和B；且buy为瞬间动词，不与一段时间连用，可以转换为延续性动词have，故选C。
U9 S -
（2019 淮安）
— Where are the teachers now
— In the meeting room. They _____ the meeting
for 10 minutes.
A. have begun B. have been on
C. have had D. have been held
C
【解析】
句意：“老师们现在在哪里？”，“在会议室里，他们已经开会10分钟了。” 。根据for 10 minutes可知应用现在完成时，动词用延续性动词。begin是短暂性动词；be on进行，主语应是the meeting；have been held是被动语态，主语应是the meeting。故选C。
Review the Grammar Focus and tell the differences between for and since.
Homework