牛津上海版英语八年级下册 Unit 2 Water 教案（10课时）

2022学年牛津英语上海版八年级第二学期unit2教案
Chapter topic:
The main topic for this chapter is water and the water cycle.
The main passage: Using a dialogue between a girl and a magic drop of water which has come to life.
The listening section: It is not about water, but follows the same idea of having an inanimate object talk to us about its life history. In this case, a coin tells us about its adventures.
The language section: Practising talking about amounts, using different types of food as examples.
The speaking section: We return to the topic of water for a discussion topic about water shortages.
The writing section: we use the water cycle in an example of a flow chart.
Period 1
I. Teaching aims:
Discover and activate the background knowledge of the topic: the water.
II.Teaching contents:
Learn the language in the cartoon.
New words: increase, remain, decrease, freeze, liquid, solid, scientific, symbol.
III.Teaching procedures:
pre-task procedure:
Can you understand the cartoon
Q1: Where is it (At the swimming pool.) /What’s in the picture (a swimming pool, a springboard, a couch…)
Q2: What’s Lo doing (He is diving.)
Q3: What’s Hi doing (He is having a sunbathing.)
Q4: Is there any water in the pool (No.)
Q5: Does Hi tell Lo not to use the swimming pool in time (No, he tells Lo not to use the pool just after Lo has jumped off the diving board.)
Q6: Can you guess if Lo will be hurt (Since he is a robot, he will not be hurt.)
Q7: Can you guess the topic of this chapter (The water.)
Introduce yourselves------water
Tell the students to pretend they are each a drop of water. They each have to say one thing about themselves. They can either describe water or say anything they know that is connected to water. They should introduce themselves like this: I have no colour/ taste/ shape.
Use the questions below to prompt them.
Q1: What do you look like (I have no color or shape.)
Q2: What can you be used for (I can be made into other drinks.)
Q3: Do you have other names (H2o )
Q4: Who needs you (Trees and flowers.)
Q5: Who are your enemies (pollution)
Q6: Where do you come from (oceans and seas)
Q7: Are you the friend of people Why (People need me to drink me every day.)
Q8: Can you change form (I change into a solid when the temperature is below 0℃. I become a gas when the temperature is over 100℃)
Other possible answers: I fall down as rain. /I enter your house through a tap. /I am the most common liquid on earth. …
Learn the new words.
increase---The population in this town has increased suddenly.
decrease---The traffic accidents decreased last year.
freeze---froze;frozen. Freezing (adj.) 极冷的. Frozen (adj.) 冰冻的
scientific---We should look at the matter from the scientific point of view.
词形转换：scientist, science, scientifically.
symbol---White is the symbol of purity.
While-task procedure:
1. We are going to read a story about something that is more valuable than gold---water.
2. Do the quiz with the students.
3. Check the answers, introduce some background knowledge to them.
a. How long can a man live without food. (For more than a month.)
We can’t live without water for more than a week. Losing more than 20% of the normal water content of our bodies will result in a painful death.
b. About 65-70% of our bodies are water, so it is important for us to drink a lot of water. Each day, a normal person will drink about 2.4 liters of water or other drinks. In American, the average person will use 260 liters of water a day and on average, each person will drink 60,600 liters of water in his/her life.
Some people believe that our emotions and mental stability are affected when there is a full moon because the gravitational pull of the moon affects the water in our bodies in the same way as it affects ocean tides. Legends say that werewolves appear when there is a full moon.
(Use this material as a listening material, fill in the blanks.)
c. You need more water during and after exercise because you lose water by sweating and you need to replace the water that is lost.
d. Water freezes at 0℃. When it freezes, it changes into ice. Water boils at 100℃. Water becomes a gas when the temperature is over 100℃. We call it steam.)
e. Water covers 70% of the earth’s surface, but only about 3% is fresh water. All the rest is salt water. Of this 3%, less than 1% is in the form of lakes or rivers. The remaining 2% is frozen in glaciers at the north and south poles.
(Use this material as a listening material, fill in the blanks.)
___ fresh water (1% is in the forms of ___or ___
___water 2% is frozen in glaciers at the north and south poles.)
the earth’s surface ___ salt water
___land
f. H stands for hydrogen and O stands for oxygen. The symbol means that each water molecule consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.
Post-task procedure:
Do exercises B1 and B2 with the students. Make sure they can locate the arrows in the picture before they do Exercise B1.
Divide the class into groups. Ask each group to list as many sources of water as they can. They group with the most correct answers wins. Possible answers are:
Dig wells/collect dew/ take water from springs/rivers/ponds/lakes/distill sea water/collect rainwater/ cut open special cacti（仙人掌）/ thaw icebergs
IV.Homework:
1. Prepare for the new text.
2. Copy and recite the new words.
3. Writing: Do you know me------water
Period 2
I. Teaching aims:
1. Find the new words, study their contexts and make intelligent guesses at their meanings.
II. Teaching contents:
1.new words: brush---weird, sink (n.), speed (v.), plant (n.), incomplete, ordinary, strange
III.Teaching procedures:
Dictation:
Don’t use the pool; not put any water in it; be more valuable than gold; live without water for a few days; need 8 litres of water daily; the amount of water; increase and decrease; become a solid;
Liquid and gas; freeze water; two thirds of the earth; be covered by water; the scientific symbol for water; flow to the sea; run into streams and rivers; rises from the sea to the sky; fall from the clouds; fall as rain.
Pre-task procedure:
1. Listen to the recording once, Underline the new words in Exercises C on P.76, 77.
C. While-task procedure:
1. To do the exercises C1, C2 and C3, encourage students to guess the meanings from the passage. They should base their answers on the context. The numbers in brackets refer to the paragraphs where the answers can be found.
2. Check the answers and explain the words:
C1:
(1) vanishing (v.) [P1]: disappearing. vanish (original form)
Forests are vanishing from our land.
(2) froze (v.) [P2]: became ice or solid; stopped moving suddenly. (freeze---froze---frozen)
* If things freeze, it means they are very cold. When we say people freeze, we mean they are very afraid and surprised.
I froze when I saw the UFO.
(3) impatient (adj.) [P2]: angry at having to wait patient (antonym)
If you have to wait for an hour for the bus, you may become impatient.
(4) view (n.) [P6]: Place that you look at
I want a room with a good view because I will stay there for a long time.
(5) sped (v.) [P6]: moved quickly speed---sped---sped (speed---speeded---speeded)
He sped dangerously in his car.
(6) relaxed (v.) [P7]: rested from work relax(original form)
After a day of hard work, I relaxed at home.
(7) thorough (adj.) [P9]: complete
The doctor gave him a thorough examination before telling him the problem.
(8) precious (adj.) [P12]: very valuable
Nothing is more precious than friendship.
C2:
(1) drain (n.) [P1]: a pipe or tube to let waste water flow away
We had to call a plumber to fix the blocked drain.
(2) sink (n.) [P1]: a fixed basin for washing hands and face.
I left the soap by the side of the sink
(3) tap (n.) [P1]: a running tap
C3:
(1) faint (adj.) [P3] : that you cannot hear\see\smell clearly
I can’t hear you if you speak in such a faint voice.
(2) nodded (v.) [P.6]: moved your head up and down to show agreement. nod (original form)
When my mother offered me some ice-cream, I nodded gladly.
(3) treatment (n.) [P.9]: something done to change a thing/person.
Adding chlorine to water is a common treatment to kill bacteria.
The water is clear and it can be drunk without any treatment.
(4) sewage (n.) [P.11]: dirty water and waste matter
If we love shanghai, we must stop dumping sewage in the river.
(5) plant (n.) [P.11]: building with machines in it
When the plant closed down, many factory workers lost their jobs.
(6) pump (n.) [P.11]: push by machine
Can you help me to pump the water from the well.
(7) weird (adj.) [P.17]: strange
Ann is weird today. She is very quiet, but normally she is so talkative.
Let the students be familiar with the pronunciations. Read it together.
D. Post-task procedures:
1. Filling in the blanks with the new words.
IV. Homework
1. Prepare for the new text.
2. Copy and recite the new words.
Period 3~4
I. Teaching aims:
1. Read the text fluently.
2. Learn the language points.
3. Train Sts to think more deeply about what they have read.
II.Teaching contents:
text & new words: brush , look around, sound, obey, suppose, comfortably, clean up, works, finish with, (washbasin, border, plover, cove.)
2. Exercise D&E
III.Teaching procedures:
A. Warming-up exercises:
1. Go over the new words. Read and spell. Have dictation.
2. Filling in the blanks with the new words: (The exercises are in the period 2)
B. Pre-task procedure:
Learn the new words: brush, look around, sound, obey, suppose, comfortably, clean up, works, finish with, (washbasin, border, plover, cove.)
2. This is a dialogue between Daisy and a drop of water. Rearrange the following sentences in the correct order according to the passage they hear.
a. The water tells Daisy to turn the tap off, and she is alarmed.
b. The water tells Daisy that when it goes down the drain, it will go to a sewage plant and then in to the river. It reminds her that water is precious.
c. Daisy is brushing her teeth with the tap left running.
d. The water tells Daisy about its long journey from a cloud in Jiangxi to the Yangtze River, to a reservoir, to the Huangpu River, to the water treatment works.
e. Daisy tells Benny that she has talked to the water, and Benny thinks she is weird.
(c, a, d, b, e.)
3. Read the text themselves. Divide the text into five parts.
c (P1), a (P2-3), d (P4-10), b (P11-14), e (P15-17)
C. While-task procedure: Explain the new text.
P1:
Q1: Where was Daisy Q2: What’s she doing Q3: Look for the words that describe the water.
(1) brush: n.刷子
She is painting the gate with a brush.
v. 刷洗,擦 The little girl brushed the tears from her face.
brush one’s teeth
(2) be on: 开着 turn on/switch on, the tap was on.
上映，播放，There wasn’t much programme on that night.
(3) pour into the sink
sink: v. 沉没 (sink-sank-sunk)The ship sank to the bottom of the river.
n.洗漱盆
(4) vanish down the drain.
drain: n. 排水管 We have to call a plumber to unblock the drains.
v. =pour 排水 drain away
P2-3:
Q1: Did Daisy know who spoke to her Q2: What did the voice tell Daisy to do
(1) turn…off ( turn on 开, turn down 开小声音, turn up开打声音, turn around转身),
n. 轮流，弯曲 turning: 转弯处
(2) voice 嗓音c. speak in a low voice.
noise 噪音 u. Don’t make so much noise.
sound 声响 u. We heard strange sound from the next room.
(3) look around 环顾
(4) no one= nobody
(5) sound + adj. (impatient)
patient: n. 病人 / adj. 耐心的
(6) waste: v. 浪费 ---wasting, wasted. waste water/time/money
waste time doing sth.
(7)obey: v. 遵守---disobey(antonym) obey somebody obey the rules,
P4-10:
Write down the following flow chart on the black board as we learn the text:
cloud--- stream---yangtze River--- reservoir--- Huangpu River--- water treatment works---Daisy’s bathroom--- sewage plant--- sea
(1) it is + adj.+ for sb. (of sb.) to do sth. ( 对事/人加以评论)
It is difficult for you to read through this book in a week.
It was brave of you to go into the burning building to save the child.
(2) I suppose= I think
(3)float: v. 漂浮 Wood floats in water.
(4)comfortably (adv.)---comfortable (adj.)
He sat_____ (comfortably/ comfortable) in his armchair.
(5) enjoy the view
(6)drop me into a stream drop---dropped---dropped
(7) speed down the mountain: (speed---sped---sped)
Speed: n. 速度 More haste, less speed.
v. move quickly He sped dangerously in his car.
(8)You know where that is. ( Review the attributive clause)
(9)carry sb. to sp.
(10) relax
(11)travel a long way and ran into the Huangpu River.
(12) It is time for sth /to do sth
It’s time for lunch. It’s time for you to go to bed.
(13) clean up:净化
clean: adj. /v cleaning: 清洗，扫除 a thorough cleaning
(14) a water treatment works
(15) add ( a few chemicals) to (me)
(16) until/ not…until
until 表示持续做某事，用延续性动词
not…until 表示直到…才，才可以用瞬间动词.
The baby didn’t stop crying until he saw his mother.
We had dinner until 8:30 p.m. ( 一直吃到8：30)
(17) the end of your journey.
(18) sound puzzled. (adj.)
P. 11-14:
Q1: Did the water finish its journey at Daisy’s home
Q2: Where did it go next
Q3: Why did the water say “again”
Q4: Why did the water say it was like liquid gold
(1) finish with sth. 用完，结束
Have you finished with the knife
(2) pump into
(3) remember (not)to do 记住(不)去做 ---forget(not) to do 忘记(不)去做
Remember doing 记得做了某事 ---forget doing 忘记做了某事
(4) what do you mean by… 说…是什么意思。
(5) reply (v./n.) 回答
P15-17:
Q: Why did Benny think his sister was weird
sometime 某时，sometimes 有时候，some time 一段时间
shake---shook---shaken shake one’s head
weird= strange: She wears weird clothes.
Post-task procedures:
1. Do Exercise D. Tell students to look at the picture and reread the passage to complete the diagram. Students can find the answers from paragraphs 6 to 11.
* Although tap water goes through treatment, people in shanghai still need to boil it before it is safe to drink. If you have a water purifier, you can drink it directly from the tap. In most parts of Britain, America and Australia, you can drink water directly from the tap. Distilled water is that has been made into steam and then into water that has been made in to steam and then into water again, to purify it. This removes salt and minerals are left in the water. It is supposed to be healthy to drink.
2. Ask students to do the exercise E. Check the answers.
IV. Homework
Copy the new text and translate it.
Read and recite the text.
Prepare for the oral composition: A water drop’s journey.
Period 5
I. Teaching aims:
Practise the listening ability. Rearrange the pictures in the correct orders.
II.Teaching contents:
new words: Suzy, mint(造币厂)，shiny(发亮的), swimmer, recipe, soya sauce, onion.
III.Teaching procedures:
A. Warming-up exercises:
1. Review the text.
Dictation:
in the bathroom of her flat, brush one’s teeth, the tap was on, pour into the sink, vanish down the drain, turn the tap off, waste water, the voice sounded impatient, obey the rules, be faint, It’s not easy for me to do sth., I suppose, 24 days ago, float comfortably in a cloud, enjoy the view, drop me into a stream, speed down the mountain into the Yangtze River, nod, carry me to a reservoir, relax for a few days, travel a long way, ran into the Huangpu River, It’s time for sb. To do sth., get cleaned up, sound puzzled, be dirty after my journey, a water treatment works, give me a thorough cleaning, add a few chemicals to me, travel in the pipes, under the streets, wait until you call me, the end of your journey, finish with me, go to a sewage plant, pump into the river, be back in the sea again, remember not to pollute water, be precious, like liquid gold, wait a minute, what do you mean by liquid gold, there was no reply, came out of , talk to somebody, shake one’s head, be really weird.
B. Pre-task procedure:
1. Learn the new words: Suzy, mint( a building where money, notes or coins are made)，shiny(发亮的), swimmer, recipe, soya sauce, onion.
2. Explain exactly what students should do, as clearly as possible.
A coin is speaking directly to the girl. Listen to the story. Rearrange the pictures in the correct orders.
C. While-task procedure:
1. Play the recording and let students answer.
2. Play the recording. Ask Students to read after the tape. Explain the sentences.
D. Post-task procedures:
1. Take notes about the phrases.
2. After you have finished and check students’ work, you can use the pictures as the basis for an oral task. Ask students to work in pairs and tell the story to each other, in English, in their own words.
IV. Homework:
Copy and recite the new words and expressions.
Recite the text
Recite the phrases
Period 6~7
I. Teaching aims:
Talking about amounts.
II. Teaching contents:
III. Teaching procedures:
warming-up:
Dictation: P1~5
Recite the text together.
Answer the questions:
Q1: who spoke to Daisy in the bathroom
Q2: What did the voice tell Daisy to do
Q3: Why was the voice impatient
Q4: Did the water finish its journey at Daisy’s home
Q5: Why did the water say it was like liquid gold
Q6: Why did Benny think his sister was weird
Q7: where was the coin born Are there many coins there (many= lots of, elicit today’s topic.)
Pre-task procedure:
Review the phrases used to describe the amounts: a lot of, a little, much, no, a few, many, some, any, enough, little, few, a large number of, a large amount of, plenty of.
Review the countable/uncountable noun. Explain to the students that a substance can be uncountable while the units in which we measure it are countable. E.g., slices of bread, cups of coffee, pieces of chalk.
Ideas and feelings can be either countable or uncountable.
e.g., She has much love in her heart. = She is a loving person.（爱心）
she has many loves means she loves many things or people. (爱好)
We use (a) little, much and a large amount of with uncountable nouns.
We use (a) few, many and a large number of with countable nouns.
We use a lot of (lots of), some, no, plenty of , any& enough with U. and C.
* a lot of, some, plenty of 通常用在肯定句中，否定句中换用not many/much, not any, not enough.
* There___no water in the bottle.(is/are)
There is no student in the classroom. ( 改错)--- There are no students in the classroom.
When the noun is uncountable, there is is used with no. However, when the noun is countable, there are is used with no and the noun must be changed into its plural form.
C. While-task procedure:
1. Ask the students to do Exercise A. Pay attention to the notes on P.79.
*a little= not much, a few= not many
*We usually use much in negative sentences.
* no+n.=none ( If people know what you are referring to)
e.g. no milk= none
no---adj./adv none---pron. none of + U. and C.
Read the sentences on P.79 B. Do exercises B1 and B 2. Note that quantities are sometimes subjective, and things that seem a lot to one person may appear as a few/little to another. If the students’ answers are different from yours, ask why he/she thinks there are a lot/few/ little before saying that his answer is wrong.
Read the sentences on P.80 C.
We use the word too when we are not satisfied with the quantity of something.
Do the Exercise C1&C2.
Ask students to write the answers on the blackboard. Check the answers and ask students to act out the dialogue in C2.
IV. Homework:
1. Practice Book and Grammar Practice Book.
2. Recite the text
Period 8
I．Teaching aims:
1. Learn pronunciations; Return to the topic of water for a discussion topic about water shortages.
Ⅱ. Teaching contents:
1. new words: pan, net, hat, chest, lay, owner, manufacture,
III．Teaching procedures:
A. warming-up:
Dictation: P6-9
Recite the text together.
B. Pre-task procedure:
1. Learn the new words: pan, net, hat, chest, lay, owner, manufacture,
2. The sound [ ] is pronounced by lowering the jaw. The [e] sound is pronounced by pulling the sides of the mouth wide. Exaggerate your mouth movement and ask students to look at your mouth when you read the words.
3. Read the words and sentences in Exercise A1 and A2 and ask the class to repeat them chorally. Then call on a few students to read them individually to the class.
4. Choose a few students to read the dialogue in Exercise A3.
5. Students can practise reading the poem in A4, which contains many examples of the target sounds. The poem can also be used for choral speaking if required.
C. While- task procedure:
1. Start by asking students to think of the various uses of water in these four places, and write some of the uses on the board.
Home: drinking, washing clothes, cooking food, bathing, washing hands and faces, cleaning dishes and faces, cleaning dishes and the floor, watering plants, toilet.
Restaurant: cooking, cleaning dishes/kitchen/ floors, serving to customers, toilets
Hospital: cleaning equipment/ floors/bedding, cooking food for the patients, bathing patients, toilets.
Factories: manufacturing and industry, cleaning machinery and floors, toilets.
2. Now arrange the students into groups of five, and tell them which set of people they must represent. Do Exercise B1.
3. Continue with Exercise B2. S1, after listening to the explanations from the other four in the group, must decide how many minutes or hours of water each type of people can have. (This can still be done within the groups, and other group members can give their comments on S1’s decision.) There’s no “right” answer, and the groups will vary in their decisions.
4. Finally, if time permits, do Exercise B3. Ask some of the students who were in the role of S1 to report their decisions to the whole class, and compare the results of different groups.
D. Post-task procedure:
Ask students to brainstorm ideas for saving water at home. Ask them one by one to tell me a way
They could conserve water in their own home/family.
IV. Homework:
Writing: Suppose you represent one group of people, tell us why you must use water, and how to save water.
Period 9
I. Teaching aims:
Teach them how to read an English graphs or chart and how to draw a chart.
II. Teaching contents:
new words: dot, fall to, and rise to
III. Teaching procedures:
A. warming-up:
Dictation: P10-17 & words
B. Pre-task procedure:
1. Learn the new words: dot, fall to, and rise to
2. Show them some graphs and charts. Introduce the difference between a line graph and a bar chart.
C. While- task procedure:
1. Before starting to do Exercise A, draw students’ attention to the words on the line graph. They should look at the title first, and the title first, and then look at the vertical and horizontal axes to see what they represent.
* For counting words like thousand and hundred, no –s is added unless it is an indefinite number.
e.g., ______of people will visit China during the Chinese New Year. Twenty ______people will go to Europe for Christmas. (thousand/thousands)
* Ensure that the students use capital letters for months.
2. Ask students to use a ruler to help them complete the graph in Exercise B. The line graph is used to show us trends and to help us to compare things.
3. Do exercise C.
D. Post-task procedure:
1. Divide the class into groups to discuss Mr. Lao’s lifestyle. Ask the students if they want to live like Mr. Lao. Ask them what things they like and what things they dislike about his lifestyle. Then ask if the information in the chart shows what kind of person Mr. Lao is.
e.g.: Mr. Lao seems to be very hard-working. Usually people work for eight hours, but he works for nine. He also sleeps less than most people. This kind of person is quite common in busy cities. His life seems to be somewhat boring, as he spends most of his free time watching TV. He does not seem to have a lot of other things to do.
2. Ask students to draw bar charts showing how they spend their day.
IV. Homework:
1. Do some revision.
2. Do exercise A
Period 10:
I. Teaching aims:
Make a flow chart according to the information.
Briefly revise some key items from the chapter.
II. Teaching contents
III.Teaching procedures:
Pre-task procedure:
Introduce flow charts. They are used to show the sequence or order of things so that we know how things are done step-by-step. Ask students to do Exercises A1 & A2. Students may need to refer to the main passage again if they have forgotten the order of the water’s journey.
B. While- task procedure
1. Remind students to find a title for their flow charts. They don’t need to write start and end on the flow charts.
Do Exercise B. Students only need to record the more important things in their life from their birth up to their 30th birthday. Students can decide how many steps they want, but you may like to give them guidelines.
Also tell students that they don’t need to give a true account. Ask them to use their imagination and make their flow charts interesting. Most students will prefer happy endings for themselves, but remind students that still ending can be funny.
C. More practice:
1. Ask students to tell us which month their family paid most, and which months they paid the least and give reasons.
2. Read the following information about water on P.88B. Explain the meanings.
Two new words: leak：n. 漏洞 and seep: v. 渗出
3. Then discuss in groups, the five statements on P88. Say whether you think they are right or wrong and give reasons.
IV. Homework:
Revision
Writing: How to save water