2022年中考英语考前20天终极冲刺之连词
一.选择题(共15小题)
1.(2022春 市南区期中)We only need one more helper,______you______he can join us.( )
A.both;and B.either;nor
C.neither;nor D.either;or
2.(2022 工业园区一模)— Have you watched Tiangong class series on March 23rd?
— Of course.The astronauts did wonderful experiments answered questions from students.( )
A.either;or B.neither;nor
C.not only;but also D.not;but
3.(2022 铁岭模拟)There are no tickets for the new movie,so_______you______your friends can watch it.( )
A.both;and B.not only;but also
C.either;or D.neither;nor
4.(2022 蚌埠二模)In our country,we won't start the meal ______the elders take their seats.( )
A.after B.until C.because D.when
5.(2022 东丽区一模)Our English teacher is nice and patient ________ she is very strict with us.( )
A.if B.so C.unless D.though
6.(2022 保康县模拟)—Shenzhou﹣13 astronauts returned home safely after 6﹣month space journey.
—Great!________ Wang Yaping saw her daughter,she gave her a star as a present.( )
A.As long as B.As soon as C.As much as D.As far as
7.(2022 双流区校级模拟)You can't get on the public transportation like buses,subways ______ you wear a mask.( )
A.as long as B.although C.unless
8.(2022 城子河区校级模拟)﹣﹣﹣Learning to love is like learning to walk.
﹣﹣﹣Yes,_______ we step out bravely,we'll find it's not so difficult.( )
A.unless B.as long as
C.even though
9.(2022 广西一模)I didn't go to school _________ I was badly ill.( )
A.so B.unless C.although D.because
10.(2022 大兴区一模)Be careful,_______ you may cut your finger.( )
A.so B.or C.but D.for
11.(2022春 郓城县期中)It's not easy to achieve success,______as long as we try our best,nothing is impossible.( )
A.so B.and C.or D.but
12.(2022春 徐汇区期中)We must set out earlier than yesterday ,_____ we won't get there on time.( )
A.so B.or C.because D.though
13.(2021秋 淮阴区期末)Perhaps _______you are not as smart as others,but you can catch up with them_______hard work.( )
A.though;through B.though;at
C./;through D./;at
14.(2022春 武汉期中)—Do you often go to the library to read a newspaper on weekends?
—Yes,and we go there ________ on Saturday ________ on Sunday.( )
A.neither;nor B.between;and
C.either;or D.from;to
15.(2022 宜城市一模)﹣ Have you heard of the translation "If you have friends who know your heart,distance cannot keep you apart" written by Wang Bo?
﹣Yes.It means as long as we have true friends,_____we're far away,we'll be like close next door neighbors.( )
A.as far as I know B.even though
C.as soon as D.in that case
二.填空题(共5小题)
16.(2015 青岛)You will not make progress (除非)you study hard.
17.(2015 上海)I am not good at playing badminton.Gary isn't either.(合并为一句)
Gary I am good at playing badminton.
18.(2011 广州)父亲和我都喜欢看篮球比赛.
my father I love watching basketball matches.
19.(2011 永州)雨下得如此大以致我不得不呆在家里.
It is raining heavily I have to stay at home.
20.(2011 镇江)我们别无选择,只能放弃旅行计划.
We .
2022年中考英语考前20天终极冲刺之连词
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共15小题)
1.(2022春 市南区期中)We only need one more helper,______you______he can join us.( )
A.both;and B.either;nor
C.neither;nor D.either;or
【考点】并列连词.
【分析】我们只需再要一个帮手,要么你要么他可以加入我们。
【解答】前文We only need one more helper说的是只要一个帮手,故两者中任一,both ……and……两者都,either不与nor连用,neither……nor……两者都不,either……or……要么……要么……。
故选D。
【点评】考查并列连词辨析。要在了解各项含义的基础上,结合具体的语境来选择正确答案。
2.(2022 工业园区一模)— Have you watched Tiangong class series on March 23rd?
— Of course.The astronauts did wonderful experiments answered questions from students.( )
A.either;or B.neither;nor
C.not only;but also D.not;but
【考点】并列连词.
【分析】—你3月23日看过天宫课堂系列吗?
—当然。宇航员们不仅做了精彩实验而且回答了学生的提问。
【解答】either...or要么......要么,或者.....或者;neither...nor既不......也不;not only...but also不但......而且;not...but不是......而是。根据语境,可知在天宫课堂中宇航员们做了精彩的实验和解答了学生的疑问,因此是用并列连词not only...but also。
故选:C。
【点评】辨析并列连词的含义,结合语境,给出答案。
3.(2022 铁岭模拟)There are no tickets for the new movie,so_______you______your friends can watch it.( )
A.both;and B.not only;but also
C.either;or D.neither;nor
【考点】并列连词.
【分析】新电影没有票了,所以你和你朋友都看不了。
【解答】A.both;and表示"两者都";B.not only;but表示"不仅…而且…";C.either;or表示"或者…或者…";D.neither;nor表示"两者都不"。根据题干"There are no tickets for the new movie"新电影没票了,可知,"_______you______your friends can watch it"是两者都看不了。
故选:D。
【点评】考查并列连词辨析。要在了解各项含义的基础上,结合具体的语境来选择正确答案。
4.(2022 蚌埠二模)In our country,we won't start the meal ______the elders take their seats.( )
A.after B.until C.because D.when
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】在我们国家,我们要等到长者就座后才开始吃饭。
【解答】after在......之后;until直到;because因为;when当......时候。not...until..."直到......才......"固定搭配。
故选:B。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
5.(2022 东丽区一模)Our English teacher is nice and patient ________ she is very strict with us.( )
A.if B.so C.unless D.though
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】我们的英语老师很好,很有耐心,尽管她对我们很严格。
【解答】if如果;so所以;unless除非;though尽管。根据Our English teacher is nice and patient...she is very strict with us."我们的英语老师很好,很有耐心,......她对我们很严格。"可知,应该是"尽管",用though引导让步状语从句。
故选:D。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
6.(2022 保康县模拟)—Shenzhou﹣13 astronauts returned home safely after 6﹣month space journey.
—Great!________ Wang Yaping saw her daughter,she gave her a star as a present.( )
A.As long as B.As soon as C.As much as D.As far as
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】﹣﹣神舟13号宇航员在6个月的太空旅行后安全回国。
﹣﹣太棒了!王亚平一看到女儿,就送给她一颗星星作为礼物。
【解答】As long as只要;As soon as一......就......;As much as和......一样多;As far as据......。根据Wang Yaping saw her daughter,she gave her a star as a present"王亚平看到女儿,送给她一颗星星作为礼物",可知,应该是"一看到女儿,就送给她一颗星星作为礼物",用As soon as引导时间状语从句。
故选:B。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
7.(2022 双流区校级模拟)You can't get on the public transportation like buses,subways ______ you wear a mask.( )
A.as long as B.although C.unless
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】你不能乘坐公共汽车、地铁等公共交通工具,除非你戴上口罩。
【解答】as long as只要;although虽然;unless除非。根据You can't get on the public transportation like buses,subways...you wear a mask."你不能乘坐公共汽车、地铁等公共交通工具,......你戴上口罩。"可知,应该是"除非",用unless引导条件状语从句。
故选:C。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
8.(2022 城子河区校级模拟)﹣﹣﹣Learning to love is like learning to walk.
﹣﹣﹣Yes,_______ we step out bravely,we'll find it's not so difficult.( )
A.unless B.as long as
C.even though
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】﹣﹣学会爱就像学会走路。
﹣﹣是的,只要我们勇敢地走出来,我们就会发现这并不难。
【解答】unless除非;as long as只要;even though即使。根据we step out bravely,we'll find it's not so difficult."......我们勇敢地走出来,我们就会发现这并不难。"可知,应该是"只要",用as long as引导条件状语从句。
故选:B。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
9.(2022 广西一模)I didn't go to school _________ I was badly ill.( )
A.so B.unless C.although D.because
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】我没去上学,因为我病得很重。
【解答】so因此;unless除非;although虽然;because因为。根据I was badly ill,可知这是我没上学的原因,because引导原因状语从句。
故选:D。
【点评】熟悉从属连词的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
10.(2022 大兴区一模)Be careful,_______ you may cut your finger.( )
A.so B.or C.but D.for
【考点】连词辨析.
【分析】小心点,否则你会割破手指的。
【解答】so所以;or否则、或者;but但是;for为了。根据Be careful"小心点"可知,"否则"你会割破手指的。填or。
故选:B。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
11.(2022春 郓城县期中)It's not easy to achieve success,______as long as we try our best,nothing is impossible.( )
A.so B.and C.or D.but
【考点】连词辨析.
【分析】成功并不容易,但是只要我们尽力,没有什么是不可能的。
【解答】so所以;and和;or或者、否则;but但是。根据It's not easy to achieve success"成功并不容易",及...as long as we try our best,nothing is impossible"......只要我们尽力,没有什么是不可能的",可知,表示转折,应该是"但是",填but。
故选:D。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
12.(2022春 徐汇区期中)We must set out earlier than yesterday ,_____ we won't get there on time.( )
A.so B.or C.because D.though
【考点】连词辨析.
【分析】我们必须比昨天早些出发,否则我们就不能按时到达那里。
【解答】so所以;or否则;because因为;though虽然。根据We must set out earlier than yesterday"我们必须比昨天早些出发",可知,"否则"我们就不能按时到达那里。填or。
故选:B。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系,要结合语境,选择合适连词用法。
13.(2021秋 淮阴区期末)Perhaps _______you are not as smart as others,but you can catch up with them_______hard work.( )
A.though;through B.though;at
C./;through D./;at
【考点】连词辨析;常用介词的辨析.
【分析】也许你不如别人聪明,但你可以通过努力学习赶上他们。
【解答】第一个空,though虽然,引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用。A/B不正确。第二个空,through通过;at在几点或小地点。这里表示"通过"学习赶上他们。填through。D不正确。
故选:C。
【点评】掌握though和but不能连用的知识点,分析介词用法,结合语境,选择正确答案。
14.(2022春 武汉期中)—Do you often go to the library to read a newspaper on weekends?
—Yes,and we go there ________ on Saturday ________ on Sunday.( )
A.neither;nor B.between;and
C.either;or D.from;to
【考点】并列连词.
【分析】——你在周末经常去图书馆看报纸吗?
——是的,我们在周六或星期天去那里。
【解答】neither...nor...既不...也不...,两者都不;between...and...在...和...之间;either...or...或者...或者...,两者之一;from...to...从...到...。根据前句句意"你在周末经常去图书馆看报纸吗"可知,要回答"是的,我们在周六或星期天去那里",要填"或者...或者...,两者之一",其它选项语意不通。
故选:C。
【点评】考查并列连词。要根据并列连词的含义和用法,进行比较,找出正确答案。
15.(2022 宜城市一模)﹣ Have you heard of the translation "If you have friends who know your heart,distance cannot keep you apart" written by Wang Bo?
﹣Yes.It means as long as we have true friends,_____we're far away,we'll be like close next door neighbors.( )
A.as far as I know B.even though
C.as soon as D.in that case
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】﹣﹣﹣你听说过王勃写的"海内存知己,天涯若比邻"这句话的翻译吗?
﹣﹣﹣是的。它意思是只要我们有真正的朋友,即使我们相距遥远,我们也会像近邻一样。
【解答】as far as I know据我所知;even though即使;as soon as一...就...;in that case既然那样;根据诗词的意思可知,只要我们有真正的朋友,即使我们相距遥远,我们也会像近邻一样,因此选even though。
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查连词辨析,基础题,熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干即可作出选择。
二.填空题(共5小题)
16.(2015 青岛)You will not make progress unless (除非)you study hard.
【考点】并列连词.
【分析】翻译:除非你努力,否则你不会进步.
【解答】根据题目要求,可知填的是"除非"的英文"unless"
【点评】本题旨在考查连词的汉英转换,在记好单词的情况下即可作答.注意:unless引导条件状语从句,主句多用否定形式.
17.(2015 上海)I am not good at playing badminton.Gary isn't either.(合并为一句)
Neither Gary nor I am good at playing badminton.
【考点】并列连词.
【分析】我不擅长打羽毛球,Gary也不擅长.Gary和我都不擅长打羽毛球.
【解答】根据题意可知,表达的意思是"两者都不",应填"neither,nor",所以答案是"neither,nor"
【点评】本题考查并列连词,弄清题意是做本题的关键,其次掌握neither…nor的意思,注意区分both…and…,它表达肯定意思.
18.(2011 广州)父亲和我都喜欢看篮球比赛.
Both my father and I love watching basketball matches.
【考点】并列连词.
【分析】结合中英文对照,可知要完成译句,需要运用"两者都"的固定表达.
【解答】答案:Both,and 通过中文句子,可知英文句子中缺少"(父亲和我)都"的表达.因为这里是father和I两个人,两个人都喜欢看篮球比赛,所以应用不定代词的固定表达both…and,意为两者都,表示肯定.由于both位于句首,所以开头的首字母b要大写.故填写Both,and.
【点评】此题考查固定表达both…and的用法.做题时要根据句意确定出所使用的不定代词及固定搭配.要注意从范围和意义上进行选择.并注意细节,如本题中的首字母要大写.还要注意相关联的几个不定代词的固定表达的区别,切忌混淆.
19.(2011 永州)雨下得如此大以致我不得不呆在家里.
It is raining so heavily that I have to stay at home.
【考点】从属连词;状语从句.
【分析】该题考查固定短语so…that,引导结果状语从句.意思是:如此…以致于…
【解答】答案:so…that;该题考查固定短语so…that;根据句中的如此…以致;可知该题应填固定短语so…that或such…that,引导结果状语从句.意思是:如此…以致;根据句中的副词形式heavily可知用so修饰;故填so…that.
【点评】根据平时积累的短语,结合语境和语法要求作出正确解答.
20.(2011 镇江)我们别无选择,只能放弃旅行计划.
We had/have no choice but to give up the travel plan/the plan for the trip .
【考点】从属连词;不定式.
【分析】该题考查固定短语had/have no choice but to do sth.除了…别无选择的用法.
【解答】答案:had/have no choice but to give up the travel plan/the plan for the trip.该题考查固定短语had/have no choice but to do sth.除了…别无选择;to的后面跟动词不定式;放弃,give up;旅行计划,travel plan/the plan for the trip;该句没有明确的时间短语标志,也没有明确的时态的要求,可用一般现在时或一般过去时表达;故填had/have no choice but to give up the travel plan/the plan for the trip.
【点评】根据给出的汉语提示,对英文句子的句型、需要用到的短语作出正确判断,进而作出解答.
考点卡片
1.常用介词的辨析
【常用介词的辨析】
一、表示计量的介词:at,for,by
1.at表示"以…速度""以…价格".如:
It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.它以每小时900公里的速度飞行.
2.for表示"用…交换,以…为代价".如:
He sold his car for 500 dollars.他以五百元把车卖了.
二、表示材料的介词:of,from,in
1.of成品仍可看出原料.如:
This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的.
2.from成品已看不出原料.如:
Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的.
3.in表示用某种材料或语言.如:
Please fill in the form in pencil first.请先用铅笔填写这个表格.
三、表示关于的介词:of,about,on
1.of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事.如:
He spoke of the film the other day.他前几天提到了这部影片.
2.about指"关于"某人或某事物的较详细的情况.如:
Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?
3.on指"关于"学术性的或严肃的事.如:
It's a textbook on the history of china.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书.
四、表示好像或当作的介词:like,as
1.like表示"像…一样",其实不是.如:
Peter the Great,like his country,was strong and proud.
彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪.
2.as表示"作为,以…身份",其实也是.如:
He talked to me as a father.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话.
五、表示支持或反对的介词:against,for
against反对,for支持,互为反义词.如:
Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想法?
六、表示除某人某物外的介词:besides,except
1.besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的"除…外,还".如:
Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.
除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影.(他和另外30人都去了)
He is interested in tennis besides football.除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣.
2.except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的"除去".如:
Everyone is excited except me.除我以外的每个人都很激动.(他们激动,而我却不激动)
2.并列连词
【概念】
用来连接属于同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子的连词就叫并列连词.
【结构】
1. 表示并列关系的并列连词.这类连词主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as 等.如:
He didn't go and she didn't go either.
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold.
2.表示转折关系的并列连词.这类连词主要有 but, yet ,however,still,while等.如:
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don't remember who.
3.表示因果关系的并列连词.这类连词主要有 for, so therefore,等.如:
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.
注意:for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用.
例:( )﹣Where are you going to stay when you get to Shanghai?
﹣I may live _______ in a hotel _______ in a friend's house.
A. both; and B. either; or
C. neither; nor D. not only; but also
考点:并列连词.
分析:﹣﹣你到上海后打算呆在哪儿?
﹣﹣我可能住在宾馆里面或者朋友家里.
解答;B 本题考查了并列连词的用法.both…and…,…和…都;either…or…,要么…要么…;neither…nor…,既不…也不…;not only…but also…,不但…而且….根据句意我可能住在宾馆里面或者朋友家里.可知是"要么…要么…",故选B.
点评:解决本题的关键是掌握并列连词的词义以及在具体的语境中的用法
【易混淆点】
1.both…and…"两者都…",连接名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,不受‘就近原则'的限制.如, Both Li Ming and Wei Hua are good at English.
2. or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…等连接主语时,采用就近原则,即谓语动词以后面的那个主语为主. 如:
You or he is right.
Either your teacher or your classmates were there.
【解题方法点拨】
并列连词在实际运用中,最重要地是要做到左右两边平衡:
1.单词+并列连词+单词
We both shrugged and laughed.
He came and sat down and spoke to me.
We felt hot, tired and thirsty.
He is healthy and handsome.
2.短语+并列连词+短语
The butterflies flew over our heads and about the flowers.
3.从句+并列连词+从句
I know that he has been arrested and that he is in prison.
4.分句+并列连词+分句
I played the piano and she sang.
5.其他
I declared this seriously and with confidence.(单词+并列连词+短语)
Let's take him to hospital or something.(分句+并列连词+单词)
【中考命题方向】
在中考中,并列连词常出现在单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读补全对话等中,几乎每种题型都从不同角度来考查,因而大家一定要熟练掌握.
3.从属连词
【概念】
用来引导名词从句和各类的状语从句的连词叫从属连词,由从属连词所引导的句子叫从句,而含有从句的句子叫作复合句,从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复合句中的从属分句.
【结构】
1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1)表示"当…时候"或"每当"的时间连词.主要用 when, while, as, whenever:
He jumped up when the phone rang. 电话铃响时他吓了一跳.
(2)表示"在…之前(或之后)"的时间连词.主要用before, after:
Turn the lights off before you leave. 离开前请关灯.
(3)表示"自从"或"直到"的时间连词.主要用since, until, till:
He has lived here since he got married. 他结婚后就一直住在这儿.
(4)表示"一…就"的时间连词.主要用as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等:
Tell him the news as soon as you see him. 你一见到他就把这消息告诉他.
(5)表示"上次"、"下次"、"每次"等的时间连词.主要用every time(每次),each time(每次),(the) next time(下次),any time(随时),(the) last time(上次),the first time(第一次):
Last time I saw him, he looked ill. 上次我见到他的时候,他好像有病.
注:every time, each time, any time前不用冠词,(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略,而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略.
2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词
这类连词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, in case 等:
If anyone calls tell them I'm not at home. 要是有人打电话来,就说我不在家.
注:在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态.
3.引导目的状语从句的从属连词
主要的有 in order that, so that等:
We used the computer in order that we might save time. 我们使用计算机是为了节约时间.
4.引导结果状语从句的从属连词
主要的有so that, so…that, such…that等:
We're all here now, so that the meeting can begin at last. 我们现在都到齐了,终于能开会了.
5.引导原因状语从句的从属连词
主要的有because, as, since等:
He couldn't got to school because he had a cold. 他因患感冒而未能去上学.
6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词
主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等:
Though /Even though it's hard work, I enjoy it. 尽管是苦活,但我乐意干.
7.引导地点状语从句的从属连词
主要的有where, wherever, everywhere等:
There were lots of parks where I lived. 我住的地方有许多公园.
Sit wherever you like. 你想坐在那儿就坐在那儿.
8.引导比较状语从句的从属连词
主要的有than和as…as:
It's easier than I thought. 这比我想像的要容易.
They are as often wrong as they are right. 他们错对各半.
9.引导名词性从句的从属连词
主要的有that, if, whether,who,whom,whose,what,which:
It is clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚.
例:( )﹣﹣What are you looking for?
﹣﹣I'm looking for the pen _______ my father gave me last week.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
考点:从属连词
分析:﹣﹣你在找什么?
﹣﹣我在找我爸上一周给我的那支钢笔.
解答:B.who意思是"谁"指人,在定语从句中作主语;which意思是"哪一个"指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose意思是"谁的"指物或指人,在定语从句中作定语;whom意思是"谁"指人,在定语从句中作宾语.根据"the pen"可知先行词是物,要用which或者whose来引导,另外根据"____ my father gave me last week"可知空格处的引导词要在定语从句中作宾语,所以要用which来引导定语从句,故选B.
点评:首先要掌握这几个关系代词的意思以及在定语从句中作的成分,然后结合先行词以及在定语从句需要的成分,就可以确定正确答案.
【易混淆点】
1.并列连词和从属连词区别:
(1)由从属连词引导的状语从句,其位置通常是可变的.
(2)并列连词之间之前不可以加其它连词,而从属连词之前可以加并列连词;连接副词.
2.because, for, since, as 的区别
because语气强, 表示客观必然原因:例如: He is absent, because he is ill. 因为生病,所以他没来.
比较:He is absent, for he is busy. ("生病"是"缺席"的必然原因,"忙"不是必然原因.)
for 语气轻,表示非客观必然的原因,是主观可改变结果的原因,甚至是猜测可能的原因:
He must be ill, for he is absent. "缺席"不一定是"生病",只是交流猜测.
for 不能放句首,它是并列连词.
since, as 都是不讲自明的原因, 是已知的原因.
Since I am a boy, let me carry the case.
As you don't feel well,you had better stay at home.
【解题方法点拨】
当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时,以下类型的状语从句可以用一般现在时表将来:
1.时间状语从句
I'll write to her when I have time. 我有空会给她写信.
2.条件状语从句
If we hurry, we may catch the bus. 如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车.
3.让步状语从句
I'll follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪儿,我就跟着去哪儿.
4.比较状语从句
I will come earlier than you do. 我会比你先到.
5.比例状语从句
The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就会越胖.
【中考命题方向】
在中考中,从属连词常出现在听力题、单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读补全对话等中,几乎每种题型都从不同角度来考查,因而大家一定要熟练掌握.
4.连词辨析
【概念】
不同连词在意义或用法上的不同进行辨别分析叫连词辨析.
例:( )﹣﹣Would you like to go to the party with me?
﹣﹣I'd love to, I'm afraid I have no time.
A. so B. or C. but
考点:连词辨析.
分析:﹣﹣你愿意和我一起去参加晚会吗?
﹣﹣我愿意.但是恐怕我没有时间.
解答:C;根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是连词的用法.根据语境推测句意是"我愿意.但是恐怕我没有时间.",可知前后句之间是转折关系,所以用连词but;故选C.
点评:本题主要考查连词的用法,连词在句子中主要起联系上下文的作用,他们之间的区别就是表示逻辑关系的不同,所以在解题时先要理解上下文含义,然后根据上下文逻辑关系选择合适的连词.连词的用法都比较多,语义之间还有交叉,熟记其基本应用规则,了解其区别,注意固定搭配对象,是做好此类题型的关键.
【易混淆点】
1. such…that…与so…that…都可以用来引导结果状语从句,意为"如此…以致…".
(1)such是形容词,它所修饰的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可以不带.如果其后是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an.
She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.
(2)so是副词,与形容词或副词连用,其结构是:so+adj.(adv.)+that从句.如:
He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him.
注意:当名词前面有many,much,few,little等表示数量多少的限定词时,应该用so,而不能用such.如:
There were so many people in the street that firefighters could not get close to the building.
2.and 和or表示"和,与"的区别
and用于肯定句和问句中,例如:I have a sister and a brother.
or用于否定句中,例如:
There isn't any air or water on the moon.月球上既没有空气也没有水.
3.because, for, since, as 表示"原因"的区别
because语气强, 表示客观必然原因,例如:
He is absent, because he is ill. 因为生病,所以他没来.
for 语气轻,表示非客观必然的原因,是主观可改变结果的原因,甚至是猜测可能的原因,不能放句首,它是并列连词.例如:
He must be ill, for he is absent. "缺席"不一定是"生病",只是交流猜测.
since, as 都是不讲自明的原因, 是已知的原因.
Since I am a boy, let me carry the case.
4.when和while表示"当…的时候"的区别:
when意为"在……时刻或时期",它可兼指"时间点"与"时间段",所引导的从句的动词既可以是终止性动词,也可是持续性动词;while只指"时间段",不指"时间点",从句的动词只限于持续性动词.
(1)when从句与主句动作先后发生时,不能与while互换.如:
When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest.每当他做完工作后,总要稍稍休息一下.(when = after)
When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.当我到电影院时,电影已经开始了.(when=before)
(2)when从句动词为终止性动词时,不能由while替换.如:
When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball.昨天他来时,我们正在打篮球.
(3)当从句的谓语是表动作的延续性动词时,when, while才有可能互相替代.如:
While / When we were still laughing, the teacher came in.正当我们仍在大声嬉笑时,老师进来了.
【解题方法点拨】
在解题时,根据逻辑关系的不同,先要理解上下文含义,然后根据上下文逻辑关系选择合适的连词,了解其区别,注意固定搭配对象,是做好此类题型的关键.
【中考命题方向】
在中考中,特殊疑问句常出现在单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读 完成句子等中,几乎每种题型都从不同角度来考查,因而大家一定要熟练掌握.
5.不定式
【概念】
1.不定式是一种非限定动词,通常由"to+动词原形"构成,如to be,to do,to combine,to expand,to get up等.这里的to是不定式的符号,没有词义,有时还可以省略.
2.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化.
3.不定式在句中不能单独用作谓语,但还保留着动词的若干特征:可以带状语,及物动词可以带宾语,系动词可以带表语.
4.不定式可以连同它的附属成分一起组成不定式短语.
【不定式的用法】
不定式(短语)在句中起相当于名词、形容词或副词的作用,可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补语.
1.具有名词的性质
①用作主语.
To live is to function.That is all there is in living.(Holmes)
活着就要发挥作用,这就是生活的全部真谛.
②用作表语.
Her wish was to become a teacher.
她的愿望是当个教师.
③用作宾语.
The owner wanted to make a large purchase of gift before Christmas.
老板想在圣诞节前做一大笔礼品生意.
④用作宾语补语.
I wanted something to happen to me,but nothing happened.(L.Hughes)
我希望在我身上会发生些什么变化,可是什么都没发生.
⑤用作主语补语.
This test is thought to have practical value.
大家认为这个试验有实际价值.
⑥用作同位语.
2、具有形容词的性质
①用作定语.
Can you think up a good way to deal with the ever increasing prices?
你们能否想出一个对付日益上涨的物价的好办法?
3、具有副词的性质
①用作状语.
We use electrical energy to do many things.
我们用电能做许多事情.
4、用作插入语.
To begin with,we must consider the problem in an all﹣round way.
首先,我们必须全面地考虑这个问题.
6.状语从句
【概念】
状语从句:
在主从复合句中,用作状语的句子,叫状语从句.状语从句是起副词作用的句子,它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子.状语从句一般由从属连词引导,也可以由词组引导.从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开.
【状语从句的分类】
状语从句根据其作用一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式.尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难.状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词.现分别列举如下:
(1)时间状语从句
①常用引导词:when(在…时),as(当…时),while(在…期间),as soon as(一…就…),before(在…之前),after(在…之后),since(自从…以来),not…until(直到…才)until/till(直到…时)等.例如:
While Matt was watching TV,his wife was cooking.
当马特看电视时,他的妻子正在做饭.
I didn't go to bed until I finished my homework yesterday.
昨天直到我完成作业,我才睡觉.
②特殊引导词:the minute,the moment,the second,every time,the day,the instant(瞬间,顷刻),immediately,directly(不久,立即),no sooner …than(一…就…),hardly …when(刚一…就…),scarcely …when(刚…就…/一…就…).例如:
They ran away from the garden,the moment they saw the guard.
他们一看到守卫就逃出了花园.
Every time I listen to your advice,I get into trouble.
每当我听取你的建议时,我就会惹上麻烦.
③当用no sooner …than,hardly …when,scarcely …when作为引导词的时候,从句要部分倒装.例如:
No sooner had we arrived home than it began to rain.
还没等我们到家就开始下雨了.
(2)地点状语从句
①常用引导词:where.例如:
We should have put the bike where we found it.
我们应该把书放回原来的地方.
Air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
有工厂的地方空气污染就严重.
②特殊引导词:wherever,anywhere,everywhere.例如:
Wherever you go,you should work hard.
无论你去哪里,你都应该努力工作.
(3)原因状语从句
①常用引导词:because,since,as.例如:
My friends and I didn't go swimming because it was rainy.
我的朋友和我没有去游泳,因为天下雨.
Since we live near the sea,we enjoy nice weather.
由于我们住在海边,能享受到好的天气.
②特殊引导词:seeing that,now that,in that,considering that,given that.例如:
Now that everybody has come,let's begin our conference.
既然每个人都到了,让我们开始我们的会议吧.
(4)目的状语从句
①常用引导词:so that,in order that.例如:
Finish this so that you can start another.
把这个做完,你可以开始另一个.
The students all hurried up in order that they could catch the early bus.
学生们都很匆忙为了赶上早班车.
②特殊引导词:in case,for fear that,in the hope that,for the purpose that,to the end that.例如:
Take your umbrella in case it rains.
带上你的伞,以防下雨.
(5)结果状语从句
①常用引导词:so …that,such …that,例如:
He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.
他气得说不出话了.
It's such a good chance that we must not miss it.
这是一个好机会,千万不能错过它.
②特殊引导词:such that,to the degree that,to the extent that,to such a degree that,例如:
She was worried to such a degree that she could not sleep.
她担心得睡不着.
(6)条件状语从句
①常用引导词:if,unless,whether (whether…or not) 例如:
You'll have a good time,if you come to the party.
你将玩得很开心,如果你来这个聚会.
We will hold our sports meeting unless it rains.
我们将要举行运动会,除非下雨.
②特殊引导词:as/so long as,only if,providing/provided that,supposing that,in case(美语中表条件,英语中表目的),on condition that 例如:
As long as I am alive,I will go on studying.
只要我活着,我就要学习.
(7)让步状语从句
①常用引导词:though,although,even if,even though 例如:
He can do many things although he is very young.
尽管他很年轻,他能做很多事情.
The children always enjoy swimming even though the weather is bad.
孩子们都很喜欢游泳,即使天气很不好.
②特殊引导词:as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while (一般用在句首 ),no matter…,in spite of the fact that,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever 例如:
No matter how hard he tried,she could not change her mind.
不论他如何努力,她都不会改变她的主意.
He won't listen whatever you may say.
他不会听你说什么.
(8)比较状语从句
①常用引导词:as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较) 例如:
My younger brother is taller than me.
我的弟弟比我高.
The house is as big as ours.
这房子和我们的一样大.
②特殊引导词:the more …the more …; no …more than; 例如:
The more you exercise,the healthier you will be.
你运动的越多,你就越健康.
(9)方式状语从句
①常用引导词:as,as if,how 例如:
When in Rome,do as the Romans do.
入国问禁,入乡随俗.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
她表现得好像她是老板.
②特殊引导词:the way 例如:
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
有时,我们用父母教导我们的方式教导我们的孩子.
【解题方法点拨】
①正确运用引导状语从句的连词;
②在时间、条件和让步状语从句中,要注意"主将从现";
③有because引导的原因状语从句,不能出现并列连词so;有although/though引导的原因状语从句,不能出现并列连词but.
④能够辨析as,when,while等引导时间状语从句
⑤能全面掌握状语从句中的时态、语态、语气、省略等;
⑥比较熟练地掌握状语从句与其它从句、句型混合使用.例如:
1.If it sunny tomorrow,I fishing in South Lake.
A.is,go B.will be,go C.is,will go D.will be,will go
答案:C
解析:在含有时间、条件和让步状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句使用一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时.故选C.
2.﹣﹣﹣Could you please tell Peter that I want to talk to him?
﹣﹣﹣Sure.I will let him know as soon as he back.
A.comes B.came C.has come D.will come
答案:A
解析:在含有时间、条件和让步状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句使用一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时.故选A.
3.You'd better check the train schedule _______ we have to take a train to Chengdu.
A.even if B.as if C.in case D.if only
答案:C
解析:A.even if 尽管;B.as if 似乎;好像;C.in case以防;以免D.if only如果…..就好了 结合句意:你最好检查一下火车时刻表,以防我们不得不乘火车去成都.故选C.
4.________ life may have in store for you,each of you has a grand,lifelong project,and that is the development of yourself as a human being.
A.However B.Wherever C.Whenever D.Whatever
答案:D
解析:However引导状语从句其后必须有形容词或副词;wherever和whenever只能在从中做状语,而根据句意和结构此处应该缺少定语,whatever在引导状语从句时,既可以做定语,又可以做主语和宾语.故选D.
5.He didn't tell his wife about buying a new car for her ________ he could give her a big surprise on her birthday.
A.so that B.even though C.as if D.in case答案:A
解析:so that表示目的;even though表示让步;as if表示方式;in case表示条件.根据句意:他没告诉妻子给她买车是为了过生日时给她一个大惊喜.故选A.
6.______American people and British people speak the same language,their cultures are quite different.( )
A.Since B.If C.Although D.Because所有
答案:C
解析:根据句意American people and British people speak the same language和their cultures are quite different.可知二者是转折关系,Although引导让步状语从句,意为虽然,尽管;故选C.
7.We students are so busy with our homework that we have no time for outdoor exercise,______ we have the desire.
A.wherever B.whenever C.even if D.as if
答案:C
解析:状语从句题需翻译主从句句意,然后选择恰当的连词.根据句意"我们学生是如此的忙于作业以至于没有时间做户外运动,即使我们有这个愿望."故选C.
【中考命题方向】
状语从句是中考的必考内容,也是中考的重点之一.
①重点考查引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词;
②较多地考查熟练运用让步状语从句和原因状语从句;
③辨析as,when,while等引导时间状语从句;
④考查状语从句中的时态、语态、语气、省略等;
⑤考查状语从句与其它从句、句型混合使用
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