16-21年杭州语法填空考点整理
年份 题型（括号中的成分） 考点
2016 无括号 从属连词（定）
冠词
从属连词（宾）
介词（固定搭配）
adj. (adj.和adv.的转换)频度副词
n. 名词单复数（同个单词不同意义）
人称代词 反身代词（某人自己）
v. 时态（and前后时态并列）
v. 动词时态（有本句自己的时间状语）
年份 题型（括号中的成分） 考点
2017 无括号 并列连词
冠词
从属连词（宾）
介词（固定搭配）
adj. adj.变adv.（adv.修饰动词）
n. 名词单复数（可数名词变复数）
人称代词 形容词性物主代词（后面有名词）
v. 动词时态（有本句自己的时间状语）
adj. adj.-er（句中含有比较连词than）
年份 题型（括号中的成分） 考点
2018 无括号 从属连词（定）
冠词
并列连词
介词（固定搭配）
adj. adj.变adv.（adv.充当状语）
n. 名词单复数（复数主语对应动词复数）
v. 非谓语作真正主语（句式it is +adj. to do）
v. 动词时态（有本句自己的时间状语）
v. 动词语态（主语与动词是被动关系）
年份 题型（括号中的成分） 考点
2019 无括号 从属连词（定）
形式主语it
并列连词
介词（固定搭配）
adj. adj.变adv.（位于助动词与动词之间修饰动词）
n. 名词单复数（可数名词单数不能单独使用）
v. 词形转换（位于冠词和名词之间修饰名词）
v. 非谓语动词（固定搭配）
v. 动词语态（主语与动词是被动关系）
年份 题型（括号中的成分） 考点
2020 无括号 介词（固定搭配）
冠词
从属连词（结果状）
adj. 词形变换（位于adj.之后，故变成名词）
v. 非谓语作真正主语（句式it is +adj. to do）
v. 时态（and前后时态并列）
v. 时态（and前后时态并列）
adj. adj.变adv.（副词修饰动词）
人称代词 形容词性物主代词（后面有名词）
年份 题型（括号中的成分） 考点
2021 无括号 介词（固定搭配）
冠词
介词（固定搭配）
adj. adj.变adv.（频度副词）
n. 名词单复数（可数名词单数不能单独使用）
v. 时态（结合前后文时态）
v. 非谓语动词（to do 表目的）
adj. adj.-er（根据句意）
n. 名词所有格
归纳总结：
无括号：
介词（固定搭配）：日常积累背诵。
冠词（a/an/the）:常考点
The:1.上文出现过的名词，下文再出现前要用the
2.adj.&adv.最高及以及序数词前要加the
3.the+adj.-er……the+adj.-er…… 越……就越……
4.same前面一般要用the
5.表示特指的情况
a/an:1.可数名词单数不能单独使用！
2.以元音字母开头的单词，不用an的情况：useful、unit、university、European、usual
a useful book、a unit of length、a European country、 a university professor、a usual tenor。注意，unusual、umbrella、uncle前面要用an
3.以辅音字母开头的单词，用an的情况：hour；honor；honest
4.注意：若冠词放在数词之前 需要把数字读一读 如： an 8-year-old boy
c. 并列连词（根据意思来）
表示并列关系的连词主要含有“和”、“补充”、“增加”等意思。用来表达并列关系的连词有如下几个：
and 和 both...and...二者都 either...or...或者······或者······ neither...nor...既不······也不······
as well as 也、连同 not only...but (also)... 不但······而且······
表示转折关系
常用来表示转折关系的并列连词有如下几个：
but 但是 yet 然而still 仍然 while 然而、偏偏
表示选择关系
表示选择关系的并列连词：
or 或者 or else 否则；otherwise 否则；neither...nor... 既不······也不······；either...or... 或者······或者······
表示因果推理关系
表示因果关系的并列连词主要有so，for等
d. 从属连词：（1.判断句型；2.根据意思）
宾语从句：that；whether/if; 特殊疑问词 句子位于动词或者介词或者be+adj.之后
定语从句：关系代词：which/that/who/whom 关系代词代指前面的先行词，分为指人指物
状语从句，常考：when/while/until/if/because/so that/ so…that…/unless等
e.形式主语it 常见句型：1.It is/was +adj.+（for/of sb.）+to do sth.
2.It takes sb. some time/money +to do sth.
括号内是名词
考察词形变化（根据括号前后单词确定词性）
考察名词单复数变化（见名词单复数变化专题）
考察名词所有格（’s）
括号内是形容词
考察词形变化（根据括号前后单词 确定 词性，有时变成反义词）
考察形容词变副词（注意有些时候使用adv.的比较级或最高级或反义词）
修饰动词
修饰adj.
修饰adv.
修饰整个句子。（有时会逗号隔开）
个别以e结尾的需要去e加ly的adj.:
ture-truly terrible-terribly possible-possibly gentle-gently probable-probably
考察形容词比较级和最高级
much之后常用比较级
than之前常用比较级
比较级 and 比较级
The+比较级……the+比较级
三个及三个以上的比较用最高级
The 后面的adj. 偶尔会用比较级（注意句意）
One of+adj.最高级+cn.(pl)
人称代词
主格（一般不会考；位于谓语动词之前，充当主语）
宾格（位于介词或者动词之后，充当宾语）
形容词性物主代词（位于名词之前，表示某人的）
名词性物主代词（后面不会再出现名词，表示某人的某样东西）
反身代词常（常考固定搭配，表示某人自己；也用于强调某人自己的时候）
teach oneself 2.help oneself 3. enjoy oneself 4.look after oneself
5. dress oneself 6.behave oneself 7. come to oneself 8.by oneself
动词
a. 考察词形变化（根据括号前后单词确定词性，有时变成反义词）
b. 时态（一看本句是否有独立时间状语；根据时间状语确定时态；二看本句是否有并列连词并列的两个动词；三看整体语言环境是处于哪种时态，，三看是否是条件；时间状语从句，涉及主将从现）
c.语态(一通过主语与动词之间的关系判断，若是被动关系则用被动语态；若不存在被动关系，则用主动语态。二通过观察句中是否由by+某人或某物，引出动作发出者，若有，则是被动语态)
注意：make sb. do sth. 的句型变为被动需补充to 写为 sb. be made to do sth.
d.非谓语动词
判断依据：判断本句是否为简单句，若是简单句，且已含有一个谓语动词，则该括号内的动词需使用非谓动词的形式。
若是从句或者并列句，则观察括号内的该词存在的句子中是否已含有谓语动词，若有则该词需要使用非谓语动词形式。
考察固定搭配
考察固定句型：尤其强调It is/was +adj.+（for/of sb.）+to do sth.
考察一些动词的固定用法。
动词不定式to do 表目的
动名词位于谓语动词之前，充当主语中考语法填空训练合集
A
Some people learn a second language easily，while others have trouble in it. How can you help 51) _______(you) learn a new language, such as English The ways 52)_____ can solve the difficulty of learning English and make it a little easier and more interesting are following.
The first step is to feel positive about learning English. 53)______you believe that you can learn and you are thirsty for it, you will learn. Be patient. You do not have to understand everything all at once. It is common that mistakes are made when you learn something new. We can learn from our mistakes. So don’t be afraid 54)_______( make ) mistakes in public.
The second step is to practice your English. For example, write 55)______ diary every day. You will get used to writing in English, and you will feel good expressing your ideas in English. Several weeks later, you will see that your writing is improving. What’s more, you must speak English every day. Gradually you will become 56)_________(comfort) communicating in English.
The third step is to keep a record of your language learning. After each class, think about what you did. Did you answer a question 57)________ (correct) Did you pay attention to what the teacher 58)______(say) Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it. Write these all the notes down and try to do 59)_______(good) next time.
Hope all the 60)________(suggest) will be helpful to you, you will enjoy learning English, and you will feel more confident.
51.yourself\you 52.which 53.If 54.to make 55. A
fortable 57. correctly 58.said 59.better 60.suggestions
B
Saying goodbye to home is never easy. But the more I travel, 51 more I realize that "home" can be in many different places around the world.
I spent this summer in Newcastle in the north of England where I grew 52 . Now I am going to spend the next eight 53 (month) in Reunion Island. When my train54 ( pull ) away from the platform in Newcastle, I felt excited, happy and of course a little sad to leave.
Living on the other side of the world is full 55 exciting challenges. There is so much to learn from living and working in place 56 (complete) different from where you grew up.
I want 57 (experience) life in another language and challenge 58 (me)by being truly independent out in the big wide world. 59 I know that no matter how far I go, I will always stay connected to home. I can't wait for 60 will happen over the next year living abroad,but equally(同样地)，I can’t wait for that moment when I arrive back home and share my stories with my loved ones.
51 the 52up 53months 54pulled 55of 56completely
57to experience 58myself 59but 60what/whatever
C
At sixty, my husband retired (退休) from a high-stress and challenging job.
We (51) _______ (be) happily married for thirty-five years. But I have to say that my husband’s transition (过渡) to retirement was one of (52) _______ (big) challenges in our life. For the first time, he felt lost. How would he find purpose and make (53) ________ living that could allow for a healthier lifestyle
During the last Christmas, I bought him one yoga card. I found the magic of yoga a few years earlier and wanted to share (54) _______ him. He was thankful, but the gift card was still (55)________(hide) in his wallet. One evening over dinner, after completing all the housework, he said something surprising, “I think I may use that yoga card and take a yoga class for (56) _________(begin).”
Then, I realized yoga was really (57) _______ (help) to him. The transition taught him how (58) _______ (make) a great change in life. He would soon learn that yoga is not about competing, (59) ________ showing up without judgment (评价). I hoped the lessons would make him feel relaxed .
Well, things have changed since then. My husband has always been a gentle man, but ever since he decided to take a yoga class, he has become much gentler. And all our grown children now throw a yoga mat (垫) in (60) ________ (they) back seat. If Dad and Mom do it, it must be worth a try.
51. have been 52. the biggest 53. a 54. with 55. hidden
56. beginners 57. helpful 58. to make 59. but 60. their
D
Looking back over 2018 it might be better to speak of “downs and downs” and not “ups and downs”. The year seems to have been one piece of bad news after another.
It had terrible disasters – including Typhoon Mangkhut in the summer and the wildfire in California
51 took at least 85 lives. In 2018 we also lost some of the top minds of human beings, including Chinese writer Louis Cha Leung-yung, 52 (well) known by his pen name Jin Yong. He created a lot of famous kung fu 53 (character) and fictions.
This is why it came 54 a warm surprise that, according to Google’s “Year In Search 2018”, people spent a lot of time 55 (search) for the “good” on the internet. According to the video, people 56 (want) to find answers to questions like “how to be a good friend”. In the video, we see the moment when a deaf child hears his 57 (mother) voice for the very first time. We see footage (镜头) of the Thailand boy soccer players after they 58 (pull) out from a flooded cave (洞穴) with the help of volunteering divers from all over the world.
So, it may be true that the past year was full of “down” moments. 59 it doesn’t mean that we’re letting it bring us down 60 it. As is said in the video, “The world is filled with people trying to do the best they can.”
51.which/that 52.better 53. characters 54. as 55. searching
56. wanted 57. mother’s 58. were pulled 59. But 60. with
E
Justin is a 16-year-old boy. He is thinking about how 36 (spend) his money during winter vacation. He 37 (save) up about 300 dollars already. He plans to buy 38 computer with his money but he also wants to go skating with his friends. He can’t do both 39 he doesn’t have enough money. What should Justin do
We are often in these kinds of situations. You want to see a concert 40 Saturday, but it is also your mother’s birthday and you do not want to let 41 (she) down. In this case, you don’t have enough time to go to both 42 (place). You must make a decision. You must think about 43 should be done first. You must consider the following questions 44 (serious).
Which is more important
Which decision needs my attention more
Which choice would satisfy me more
After you’ve answered these questions, it may be much 45 (easy)for you to decide what to do. So the next time you must make a decision, remember to prioritize(优先考虑).
36. to spend 37. has saved 38.a 39.because/as/since 40. on
41. her 42. places 43. which/what 44. seriously 45. Easier
F
“ Sharing＂and “original aspiration” became the Chinese Character and Word of the Year for 2017, according to a survey. The survey also (36) (choose)“intelligence”and “a community with a shared future for mankind “ as the International Chinese Character and Word of the Year for 2017. It was (37) (do) by the Chinese National Language Monitoring and Research Center, the Commercial Press, and .
“Sharing” is taken（38） “sharing economy（共享经济）”， a business model which has become (39) (popular)in China during the past few years. “Original aspiration”comes from “remain true to our original aspiration and continue marching forward”（不忘初心,继续前行）”．The saying has been（40） (wide) used by Chinese leaders in many situations.
In2017，artificial intelligence（人工智能） was one of the most discussed topics in the world. It is (41) (change) our world in many ways. And “a community with a shared future for mankind” is an idea that China has developed all over the world. Chinese President Xi Jinping mentioned it in his (42) (speech) and talks both at home (43) abroad many times in 2017. It shows our country’s determination（决心）to work for an equal, open and peaceful world.
The Chinese Character and Word of the Year was (44) (start)in 2006 and has been going for 12 years. The chosen characters and words have been a (45) (record) of changes to both the Chinese language and Chinese society.
36.chose 37. done 38. from 39. popular 40. wide
41.changing 42. speeches 43. and 44. started 45. record
G
Lao Tzu was a philosopher (哲学家）in ancient China. He (36) (work) as an archivist（档案保管员）in imperial library, which gave him the chance to read more and learn a great deal of knowledge. As a result he got a large (37) (number )of students and fans. And it is said that even the famous Chinese philosopher,Confucius, heard about Lao Tzu, and came to (38) (visit) him.
Lao Tzu believed that the human life, like everything else in the world, is influenced by outside forces. He believed "simplicity"to be the key to (39) (true), encouraging people to watch and think(40) (careful)to understand the laws of nature.He also advised people to build up (41) (person )power, and use it for leading a good life with love.
Here are several (42) ( amaze) /quotes (语录）of Lao Tzu. I believe you will learn a lot from them.
●When you accept (43) (you), the whole world accepts you.
●He who talks more is sooner tired.
●A journey of a thousand miles begin (44) one step.
●If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.
●Knowledge is a treasure, (45) practice is the key to it.
●To become learned, each day add something.
36.worked 37. number 38, visit 39. truth 40. carefully
41. personal 42. amazing 43. yourself 44. with 45. but
H
One day, a mother horse told her son, “My child, will you 36 (happy) go and carry this bag of wheat to the mill(磨坊) to make it 37 flour ” The little horse agreed without hesitation and 38 (run) out of the house with the bag of wheat on his back.
After some time, the little horse came to a river, 39 blocked his path to the mill. He suddenly got 40 (confuse). Looking around, he saw a cow. So he asked, “Auntie Cow, can you tell me whether I can cross the river ” The cow answered, “Definitely you can. The water is very shallow.” When the little horse was about 41 (cross) the river, a squirrel shouted to him, “Don’t cross the river. You will drown.” Not 42 (know) what to do, the little horse decided to go back to ask his mother, who said, “My son, it’s not enough to only listen to others; you have to give it 43 try by yourself, and then you’ll know the answer.”
With those words, he walked carefully across the river. The water was neither shallow nor 44 (deeply). It was just fine for him. Finally the little horse crossed the river and completed his task. He also learned to overcome 45 (difficulty) by practicing instead of only listening to others.
36. happily 37. into 38. ran 39. which 40. confused
41. to cross 42. knowing 43. a 44. deep 45. difficulties
